KDMA INTERNATIONAL Probability Sheet Subject-Mathematics Class-XIl & 2 3 5 Evaluate P(A UB) 2P(A) = p(B) = 18 and P(A/B) = 2. For 6 trials of an experiment, let X be a binomial variate which satisfies the relation 9P(X=4)= 2 P(X = 2). Find the probability of success. 3. Three numbers are chosen from 1 to 30, find the probability that the three chosen numbers are 2 consecurive. a 3 3, 3 If P(A) = TS, p(B) = T3 and P(A mB) = 15 , find P(A/B). B If A and B are independent events, show that and” are also independent. 6. Abag contains (2n + 1) coins, out of which n coins have head on both the sides and rest are fair coins.A coin 3 31 is selected at random and is tossed, if itresults in a head with probability "find n 7. Apair of dice is thrown. Find the probability of getting 7 as the sum, if it is known that the second 4 die always exhibits an odd number. 8. AandB throw a pair of dice turn by turn. The first to throw 9 is awarded a prize. IfAstartsthe 4 9 game, show that the probability of A getting the prize is 17, 9. Ahusband and a wife appear in an interview for two vacancies for the same post. The probability 4 1 of husband's selection is 7 and that of wife's selection is 5. What is the probability that (i) both will be selected? (ii) only one of them will be selected? (ii) none will be selected? 10. Five cards are drawn one by one with replacement from a well shuffled deck of $2 cards. Find the 4 probability that. () all the five cards are diamonds. (i only 3 cards are diamonds. (i) none is diamond.11. Ina class, 35% of the students are poor, 20% are meritorious and 15% are both poor and 4 meritorious. One student is selected at random. Find the probability that (),he is poor, if itis known that he is meritorious, (i) he is meritorious, if itis known that he is poor. 12. Consider the experiment of tossing a coin. If the coin shows head, toss it again but ifit shows 4 tail then throw a die. Find the conditional probability of the event ‘the die shows a number greater than 4’ given that ‘there is at least one tail’ 13. 3 4 4 The probability of a student A passing an examination is 5 and of student B is 5. Assuming that ‘the two events "A passes”, “B passes” as independent. Find the probability of (’) both the students passing the examination (i) only A passing the examination (ii) only one of them passing the examination (iv) none of them passing the examination. 14. Ten cards numbered 1 to 10 are placed in a box, mixed up thoroughly and then one cardis drawn 4 randomly. If itis known that the number on the drawn card is more than 3, what is the probability that it is an even number? 15.A and B throw a pair of dice alternately. A wins the game if he gets a total of 6 and B wins if she 4 gets a total of 7. IfA starts the game, find the probability of winning the game by A in third throw of air of dice. 16. Bag | contains 3 red and 4 black balls and bag I contains 4 red and 5 black balls. One ball is 4 transferred from bag | to bag II and then a ball is drawn from bag II at random. The balls so drawn is found to be red in colour. Find the probability that the transferred ball is black. 17. An urn contains 3 red and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random, its colour is noted and 4 returned to the urn. Moreover, 2 additional balls of the colour noted down are put in the urn and then 2 balls are drawn at random (without replacement) from the urn. Find the probability that both the balls drawn are of red colour. 18. In a school there are 1000 students out of which 430 are girls. It is known that out of 430, 10% of 4 the girls study in class XII. What is the probability that a student chosen at random studies in class XII, given that chosen student is a girl? 19. Of the students in a school, it is known that 30% have 100% attendance and 70% students 5 areirregular. Previous year results report that 70% ofall students who have 100% attendance attain Agrade and 10% irregular students attain A gradein their annual examination. At the end of the year,one student is chosen at random from the schooland he was found to have an A grade, What is theprobability that the student has 100% attendance? 20. Three cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. Find 6 the probability distribution of the number of spades. Hence find the mean of the distribution. 21. There are three coins. One is a two headed coin (having head on both faces), another is abiased 6 coin that comes up heads 75% of the time and third is an unbiased coin that comes up tails 40% of the times. One of the three coins is chosen at random and tossed and it shows head. What is the probability that it was the two headed coin?22. Ina factory which manufactures bolts, machines A, B and C manufacture respectively 30%, 50% 6 and 20% of the bolts. Of their outputs 3, 4 and 1 per cent respectively are defective bolts. A bolt is drawn at random from the product and is found to be defective. Find the probability that this is not manufactured by machine B. 23. An urn contains 5 red and 2 black balls. Two balls are randomly drawn without replacement. Let 6 X represent the number of black balls drawn. What are the possible values of X? Is X a random, variable? If yes, find the mean. Nisha and Arun appeared for first round of an competitive examination for two vacancies. The 5 probability of Nisha's selection is {and that of Arun's selection is — Based on the above information, answer the following questions: ()) Calculate the probability that at least one of them is selected. (li) Calculate the probability that both of them are selected. (iil) What is the probability that only one of them is selected? oR What is the probability that none of them is selected?