Unit Vectors ADM Module
Grade Level: Senior High School (STEM Strand)
Subject: Pre-Calculus / Physics
Duration: 1-2 hours
I. Objectives
By the end of this module, students will be able to:
1. Define unit vectors and identify their importance in vector representation.
2. Derive and compute the unit vector in the direction of a given vector.
3. Apply unit vectors to real-life scenarios and problem-solving.
II. Key Concepts
1. Definition:
A unit vector is a vector with a magnitude of 1, used to indicate direction.
Formula:
u = v / |v|
where u is the unit vector, v is the original vector, and |v| is the magnitude of v.
2. Properties:
- Magnitude is always 1.
- Represents direction without scaling.
- Basis unit vectors in 3D space: i, j, k represent the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively.
3. Steps to Compute:
- Find the magnitude: |v| = sqrt(vx^2 + vy^2 + vz^2)
- Divide each component by the magnitude.
III. Activity
1. Example Problem:
Given v = (6, 8, 0), find the unit vector in its direction.
Solution:
|v| = sqrt(6^2 + 8^2 + 0^2) = 10
u = (6/10, 8/10, 0) = (0.6, 0.8, 0)
2. Student Task:
- Work in pairs to solve the following:
a. Find the unit vector for v = (-3, 4).
b. Verify if w = (1/sqrt(2), 1/sqrt(2), 0) is a unit vector.
3. Real-World Application:
- Discuss how unit vectors are used in navigation systems (e.g., GPS) to provide directions.
IV. Discussion Questions
1. Why is it important to use unit vectors in physics and engineering?
2. How do unit vectors simplify 3D modeling in computer graphics?
3. Can you think of a situation where direction is important, but magnitude isn't?
V. Assessment
Solve the following problems:
1. Find the unit vector for v = (5, -12, 9).
2. A force vector F = (15, 20) acts on an object. Find the unit vector representing its direction.
3. Explain in a short paragraph how unit vectors are used in representing wind direction and speed.
VI. References
1. "The Unit Vector", University of Kansas.
2. "Vectors in Physics", University of Colorado.
3. Class notes and textbook on vectors.
