Tutorial - 3
ECC201: Fundamental of Communication Systems
1. Consider a continous-time signal x (t) defined by
(
0, |t| > 1
x (t) = .
1 − |t| , |t| ≤ 1
Find the Fourier transform of x (t)as a function of f and also find the maximum amplitude of the Fourier
transform of x (t).
2. Let m(t) be a strictly band-limited signal with bandwidth B and energy E. Assuming ωo = 10B, find
the energy of the signal m(t) cos ωo t.
3. Find the Fourier transform of the following signals as a function of f :
2 R∞ 2 √
(a) x (t) = e−t Note: −∞ e−y dy = π
(b) x (t) = t2 e−|t|
1
(c) x (t) = 1+ j2πt .
4. Find the inverse Fourier transform of the following signals:
(a) X ( f ) = e−2 f u( f )
j3πf
(b) X ( f ) = 1+ jπf
1,
f > 0,
(c) X ( f ) = 1
2, f = 0,
0, elsewhere
5. (a) If x (t) is a real even continous time signal, then what will be its Fourier transform?
(b) Which symmetry does the Fourier transform of a real valued time signal contain? Explain your
answer in detail.
(c) A signal x (t) has a Fourier transform X (ω ). If x (t) is a real and odd funtion of t, then what is
nature of X (ω )?
(d) What conclusion can be drawn about the nature of the signal x (t) if its Fourier transform is given
as:
X ( ω ) = u ( ω ) − u ( ω − 2)
6. Determine the Fourier transform of the time-domain function:
(2πWt)
g(t) = 1
πt + j sin2πWt
Also draw the amplitude and phase spectra and find the 3-dB bandwidth of the signal.
7. (a) Consider a signal x (t) = e−2t u(t) which is being pass through a low pass filter, h(t). If the output
1
signal energy is equal to 8 then calculate the cut-off frequency for low pass filter.
(b) If the signal x (t) is band-limited between 100Hz to 200Hz. A signal y(t) is related to x (t) as follows:
y(t) = x (2t − 5)
What is the range of y(t) and also find the null-to-null bandwidth of the signal?
8. (a) Using the definition of root mean-square (rms) bandwidth (Wrms ) of a low pass filter x (t) of finite
energy and the definition of the root mean-square (rms) duration (Trms ) of the signal, show that
1
Wrms Trms ≥ 4π
(b) Consider a Guassian pulse defined by
2π
x (t ) = e−t
Show that, for this signal, the equality
1
Wrms Trms ≡ 4π
can be reached.
Hint: Use Schwarz’s inequality:
R∞ ∗ ∗
R∞ 2 R∞ 2
−∞ [g1 (t)g2 (t) + g1 (t)g2 (t)] dt ≤ 4 −∞ | g1 ( t )| dt × −∞ | g2 ( t )| dt
in which we set
dg(t)
g1 (t) = tg(t) and g2 ( t ) = dt
9. The rectangular RF pulse
(
A cos 2π f c t, 0≤t≤T
x (t) = .
0, otherwise
is applied to a linear filter with impulse response
h(t) = x ( T − t)
Assume that the frequency f c equals a large integer multiple of 1/T. Determine the response of the
filter and sketch it.
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