[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
29 views4 pages

Inp 05 Spline Quadratic Example

Uploaded by

Hazem Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views4 pages

Inp 05 Spline Quadratic Example

Uploaded by

Hazem Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Example 2

The upward velocity of a rocket is given as a function of time as

Table 3 Velocity as a function of time.


t (s) v(t ) (m/s)
0 0
10 227.04
15 362.78
20 517.35
22.5 602.97
30 901.67

a) Determine the value of the velocity at t  16 seconds using


quadratic splines.
b) Using the quadratic splines as velocity functions, find the
distance covered by the rocket from t  11s to t  16 s .
c) Using the quadratic splines as velocity functions, find the
acceleration of the rocket at t  16 s .

Solution
a) Since there are six data points, five quadratic splines pass
through them.
v(t )  a1t 2  b1t  c1 , 0  t  10
 a 2 t 2  b2 t  c 2 , 10  t  15
 a3t 2  b3t  c3 , 15  t  20
 a 4 t 2  b4 t  c 4 , 20  t  22.5
 a5 t 2  b5 t  c5 , 22.5  t  30

The equations are found as follows.

1. Each quadratic spline passes through two consecutive data


points.
a1t 2  b1t  c1 passes through t  0 and t  10 .
a1 (0) 2  b1 (0)  c1  0 (1)
a1 (10)  b1 (10)  c1  227.04
2
(2)

a 2 t 2  b2 t  c2 passes through t  10 and t  15 .


a 2 (10) 2  b2 (10)  c 2  227.04 (3)
a 2 (15) 2  b2 (15)  c 2  362.78 (4)

a 3 t 2  b3 t  c3 passes through t  15 and t  20 .


a3 (15) 2  b3 (15)  c3  362.78 (5)
a 3 ( 20) 2  b3 ( 20)  c3  517.35 (6)
a 4 t 2  b4 t  c 4 passes through t  20 and t  22.5 .
a 4 (20) 2  b4 (20)  c 4  517.35 (7)
a 4 (22.5) 2  b4 (22.5)  c 4  602.97 (8)

a5 t 2  b5 t  c5 passes through t  22.5 and t  30 .


a 5 ( 22.5) 2  b5 ( 22.5)  c5  602.97 (9)
a 5 (30)  b5 (30)  c5  901.67
2
(10)

2. Quadratic splines have continuous derivatives at the interior data


points.
At t  10
2a1 (10)  b1  2a 2 (10)  b2  0 (11)

At t  15
2a 2 (15)  b2  2a3 (15)  b3  0 (12)

At t  20
2a3 (20)  b3  2a 4 (20)  b4  0 (13)

At t  22.5
2a 4 (22.5)  b4  2a5 (22.5)  b5  0 (14)

3. Assuming the first spline a1t 2  b1t  c1 is linear,


a1  0 (15)

Combining Equation (1) – (15) in matrix form gives

0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  a1   0 
100 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  b1  227.04
0 0 0 100 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 
0 c1
227.04
    
0 0 0 225 15 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 2  362.78
0 0 0 0 0 0 225 15 1 0 0 0 0 0 0  b2  362.78
0 0 0 0 0 0 400 20 1 0 0 0 0 0
 
0 c 2 517.35
    
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 20 1 0 0 0  a 3  517.35 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 506.25 22.5 1 0 0 0  b3   602.97 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 506.25 22.5 1   c 3  602.97 
    
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 900 30 1   a 4  901.67 
 20 1 0  20  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  b4   0 
0 0 0 30 1 0  30  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  c 4   0 
    
 40 1 0 a5 
0 0 0 0 0 0 40 1 0 0 0 0
  0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 1 0  45  1 0   b5   0 
 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  c 5   0 
Solving the above 15 equations give the 15 unknowns as
i ai bi ci
1 0 22.704 0
2 0.8888 4.928 88.88
3 –0.1356 35.66 –141.61
4 1.6048 –33.956 554.55
5 0.20889 28.86 –152.13

Therefore, the splines are given by


v(t )  22.704t , 0  t  10
 0.8888t  4.928t  88.88,
2
10  t  15
 0.1356t  35.66t  141.61,
2
15  t  20
 1.6048t  33.956t  554.55,
2
20  t  22.5
 0.20889t 2  28.86t  152.13, 22.5  t  30

At t  16 s
v(16)  0.1356(16) 2  35.66(16)  141.61
 394.24 m/s

b) The distance covered by the rocket between 11 and 16 seconds


can be calculated as
16
s (16)  s (11)   v(t )dt
11
But since the splines are valid over different ranges, we need to
break the integral accordingly as
v(t )  0.8888t 2  4.928t  88.88, 10  t  15
 0.1356t 2  35.66t  141.61, 15  t  20
16 15 16

 v(t )dt   v(t )dt   v(t )dt


11 11 15

15 16
s (16)  s(11)   (0.8888t  4.928t  88.88)dt   (0.1356t 2  35.66t  141.61)dt
2

11 15

15
 t3 t2 
 0.8888  4.928  88.88t 
 3 2 11
16
 t3 t2 
  0.1356  35.66  141.61t 
 3 2 15
 1217 .35  378 .53
 1595 .9 m
c) What is the acceleration at t  16 ?
d
a(16)  v(t ) t 16
dt
d d
a(t )  v(t )  (0.1356t 2  35.66t  141.61)
dt dt
 0.2712t  35.66 , 15  t  20
a(16)  0.2712(16)  35.66
 31.321m/s 2

You might also like