Plithogenic Logic and Computation

Journal Homepage: sciencesforce.com/plc

Plithogenic Log. Comp. Vol. 2 (2024) 37–48

Paper Type: Original Article

The Extended Study of the 2-symbolic Plithogenic Numbers

Yaser Ahmad Alhasan 1,*
1 Deanship of the Preparatory Year, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; y.alhasan@psau.edu.sa.

Received: 15 Apr 2024 Revised: 12 Jul 2024 Accepted: 13 Aug 2024 Published: 17 Aug 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we presented the extended study of the 2-symbolic plithogenic numbers, where we studied the square
root of a 2-symbolic plithogenic real number and 2-symbolic plithogenic real polynomial. In addition, this paper is
considered a generalization of the result that was presented in On the Refined AH-Isometry, which it presented
one solution for the square root of the 2-symbolic plithogenic real numbers but we discussed all possible solutions
when solving 2-symbolic plithogenic equation.

Keywords: Refined Neutrosophic; Square Root; Complex Polynomial; Real Polynomial.

1 |Introduction
The genesis, origination, formation, development, and evolution of new entities through dynamics of
contradictory and/or neutral and/or noncontradictory multiple old entities is known as plithogenic.
Plithogeny advocates for the integration of theories from several fields.
We use numerous "knowledge" from domains like soft sciences, hard sciences, arts, and literature theories,
etc. as "entities" in this study, this is what Smarandache introduced, as he presented a study on Plithogeny,
plithogenic set, logic, probability, and statistics [2], in addition to presenting introduction to the symbolic
plithogenic algebraic structures (revisited), through which he discussed several ideas, including mathematical
operations on plithogenic numbers [1]. Also, an overview of plithogenic set and symbolic plithogenic algebraic
structures is discussed by him [3]. It is thought that the symbolic n-plithogenic sets are a good place to start
when developing algebraic extensions for other classical structures including rings, vector spaces, modules,
and equations [4-7]. Also, many other extensions and algorithms in cryptography were presented in [11-12].
Alhasan also presented several papers on calculus, in which he discussed neutrosophic definite and indefinite
integrals. He also presented the most important applications of definite integrals in neutrosophic logic [8-10].
Many papers [13] were published about neutrosophic and symbolic plithogenic.

2 |Main Discussion
2.1 |The Square Root of the Symbolic Plithogenic Number
First, let’s compute the square root: √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 ; 𝑎0 ≥ 0, 𝑎0 + 𝑎2 ≥ 0, 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 ≥ 0

√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = 𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥2 𝑃2

Corresponding Author: y.alhasan@psau.edu.sa

10. https://doi.org/10.61356/j.plc.2024.2360
Licensee Plithogenic Logic and Computation. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0).
The Extended Study of the 2-symbolic Plithogenic Numbers 83

Where 𝑥0 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 are real unknowns that we need to find out.

By raising both sides to the second power, we get:
𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + (𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥1 2 𝑃1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 𝑥2 2 𝑃2
𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + (𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 )𝑃1 + (𝑥2 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 )𝑃2
Whence:
𝑥0 2 = 𝑎0
{ 𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 𝑎1
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 𝑎2

𝑥0 = ±√𝑎0
⟹ { 2
𝑥1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 𝑎1 (1)
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 𝑎2 (2)

Case 1: 𝑥0 = √𝑎0 by substituting in (1)

𝑥1 2 + 2√𝑎0 𝑥1 − 𝑎1 = 0

∆= 4𝑎0 + 4𝑎1
Then:
−2√𝑎0 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1
𝑥1 = = −√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1
2
−2√𝑎0 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1
𝑥1 = = −√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1
{ 2

 For 𝑥1 = −√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 + 2√𝑎0 𝑥2 + 2(−√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

𝑥2 2 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

∆= 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 ) + 4𝑎2 = 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )

Then:
−2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
2
−2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
{ 2
Hence:

√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = √𝑎0 + (−√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (−√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

Or:

= √𝑎0 + (−√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (−√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

83 Ahmad Alhasan, Y. |Plithogenic Log. Comp. 2 (2024) 37-48

 For 𝑥1 = −√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 + 2√𝑎0 𝑥2 + 2(−√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

𝑥2 2 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

∆= 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 ) + 4𝑎2 = 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )

Then:
2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
2
2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
{ 2
Hence:

√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = √𝑎0 + (−√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

Or:

= √𝑎0 + (−√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

Case 2: 𝑥0 = −√𝑎0 by substitution in (1)

𝑥1 2 − 2√𝑎0 𝑥1 − 𝑎1 = 0

∆= 4𝑎0 + 4𝑎1
Then:
2√𝑎0 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1
𝑥1 = = √𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1
2
2√𝑎0 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1
𝑥1 = = √𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1
{ 2
 For 𝑥1 = √𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 − 2√𝑎0 𝑥2 + 2(√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

𝑥2 2 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

∆= 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 ) + 4𝑎2 = 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )

Then:
−2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
2
−2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
{ 2
Hence:

√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = −√𝑎0 + (√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (−√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

Or:

= −√𝑎0 + (√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (−√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

 For 𝑥1 = √𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 we substitute in (2)

The Extended Study of the 2-symbolic Plithogenic Numbers 04

𝑥2 2 − 2√𝑎0 𝑥2 + 2(√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

𝑥2 2 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥2 − 𝑎2 = 0

∆= 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 ) + 4𝑎2 = 4(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )

Then:
2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
2
2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − 2√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
𝑥2 = = √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2
{ 2
Hence:

√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = −√𝑎0 + (√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

Or:

= −√𝑎0 + (√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

The eight results are:

(𝑥0 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ) = (√𝑎0 , −√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 ), (√𝑎0 , −√𝑎0

+ √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )

(√𝑎0 , −√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 ), (√𝑎0 , −√𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , √𝑎0 + 𝑎1

− √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )

(−√𝑎0 , √𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 ), (−√𝑎0 , √𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , −√𝑎0 + 𝑎1

− √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )

(−√𝑎0 , √𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 ), (−√𝑎0 , √𝑎0 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 , √𝑎0 + 𝑎1

− √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )
Because we are now calculating the square root of a symbolic plithogenic number (according to classical
analysis), we only take the result with a positive value, hence:

√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑃1 + 𝑎2 𝑃2 = √𝑎0 + (−√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 )𝑃1 + (−√𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )𝑃2

Clearly: √𝑎0 ≥ 0 , −√𝑎0 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 ≥ 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + √𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 ≥ 0

However, when we solve the symbolic plithogenic number equation, we take all eight results.
Example 1

Let’s find: √1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2

√1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = 𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥2 𝑃2

By raising both sides to the second power, we get:

1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + (𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥1 2 𝑃1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 𝑥2 2 𝑃2
04 Ahmad Alhasan, Y. |Plithogenic Log. Comp. 2 (2024) 37-48

1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + (𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 )𝑃1 + (𝑥2 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 )𝑃2

Whence:
𝑥0 2 = 1
{ 𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 3
𝑥2 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 12

𝑥0 = ±1
2
⟹ { 𝑥1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 3 (1)
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 12 (2)
Case 1: 𝑥0 = 1 by substituting in (1)
𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥1 − 3 = 0
(𝑥1 − 1)(𝑥1 + 3)
Then:
𝑥 =1
{ 1
𝑥1 = −3
 For 𝑥1 = 1 we substitute in (2)
𝑥2 2 + 4𝑥2 − 12 = 0
(𝑥1 − 2)(𝑥1 + 6) = 0
Then:
𝑥 =2
{ 2
𝑥2 = −6
Hence:

√1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = 1 + 𝑃1 + 2𝑃2 (Accepted)

Or:
= 1 + 𝑃1 − 6𝑃2 (Rejected)

 For 𝑥1 = −3 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 − 4𝑥2 − 12 = 0
(𝑥1 + 2)(𝑥1 − 6) = 0
Then:
𝑥 = −2
{ 2
𝑥2 = 6
Hence:

√1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = 1 − 3𝑃1 − 2𝑃2 (Rejected)

Or:
= 1 − 3𝑃1 + 6𝑃2 (Rejected)
Case 2: 𝑥0 = −1 by substitution in (1)
The Extended Study of the 2-symbolic Plithogenic Numbers 04

𝑥1 2 − 2𝑥1 − 3 = 0
(𝑥1 − 3)(𝑥1 + 1) = 0
Then:
𝑥 =3
{ 1
𝑥1 = −1
For 𝑥1 = 3 we substitute in (2)
𝑥2 2 + 4𝑥2 − 12 = 0
(𝑥1 − 2)(𝑥1 + 6) = 0
Then:
𝑥 =2
{ 2
𝑥2 = −6
Hence:

√1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = −1 + 3𝑃1 + 2𝑃2 (Rejected)

Or:
= −1 + 3𝑃1 − 6𝑃2 (Rejected)

 For 𝑥1 = −1 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 − 4 𝑥2 − 12 = 0
(𝑥1 − 6)(𝑥1 + 2) = 0
Then:
𝑥 =6
{ 2
𝑥2 = −2
Hence:

√1 + 3𝑃1 + 12𝑃2 = −1 − 𝑃1 + 6𝑃2 (Rejected)

Or:
= −1 − 𝑃1 − 2𝑃2 (Rejected)
Remarks

As a particular case we can compute √𝑃1 + 𝑃2

√𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = 𝑥 + 𝑦𝐼1 + 𝑧𝐼2

By raise both sides to the second power, we get:
𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + (𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥1 2 𝑃1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 𝑥2 2 𝑃2
𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + (𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 )𝑃1 + (𝑥2 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 )𝑃2
08 Ahmad Alhasan, Y. |Plithogenic Log. Comp. 2 (2024) 37-48

Whence:
𝑥0 2 = 0
{ 𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 1
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 1

𝑥0 = 0
2
⟹ { 𝑥1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 1
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 1

𝑥0 = 0
⟹ { 𝑥1 = ±1
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 1 (1)
Case1: 𝑥1 = 1 by substituting in (1)
𝑥2 2 + 2𝑥2 − 1 = 0
∆= 8
Then:
−2 + 2√2
𝑥2 = = −1 + √2
2
−2 − 2√2
𝑥2 = = −1 − √2
{ 2
Hence:

√𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = 𝑃1 + (−1 + √2)𝑃2

Or:

= 𝑃1 + (−1 − √2)𝑃2
 Case 1: 𝑥1 = −1 by substituting in (1)
𝑥2 2 − 2𝑥2 − 1 = 0
∆= 8
Then:
2 + 2√2
𝑥2 = = 1 + √2
2
2 − 2√2
𝑥2 = = 1 − √2
{ 2
Hence:

√𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = −𝑃1 + (1 + √2)𝑃2

Or:

= −𝑃1 + (1 − √2)𝑃2
The four results are:

(𝑥0 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ) = (0 , 1 , −1 + √2), (0 , 1 , −1 − √2)

The Extended Study of the 2-symbolic Plithogenic Numbers 00

(0 , −1 , 1 + √2), (0 , −1 , 1 − √2)
Because we are now calculating the square root of a symbolic plithogenic number (according to classical
analysis), we only take the result with a positive value, hence:

√𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = 𝑃1 + (−1 + √2)𝑃2

2.2 |The Symbolic Plithogenic Real Polynomial

Definition: A polynomial whose coefficients (at least one of them containing 𝑃1 or 𝑃2 or both 𝑃1 , 𝑃2 ) are
symbolic plithogenic numbers called symbolic plithogenic polynomials.
Similarly, we may have symbolic plithogenic real polynomials if their coefficients are symbolic plithogenic real
numbers.
Example 2:
 𝑃(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + (1 + 4𝑃1 − 𝑃2 )𝑥 − 1 + 𝑃1 − 18𝑃2

 𝑄(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + (−11 − 9𝑃1 + 15𝑃2 )𝑥 2 + 6𝐼2 𝑥 2 − 𝑃2 𝑥 − 14 + 15𝑃2

Example 3:
Solve the equation: 𝑥 2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 = 0
Solution:
𝑥 2 = 36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2

Let’s find: √36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2

√36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = 𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥2 𝑃2

By raising both sides to the second power, we get:
36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = (𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + (𝑥1 𝑃1 )2 + 2(𝑥0 + 𝑥1 𝑃1 )(𝑥2 𝑃2 ) + (𝑥2 𝑃2 )2
36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑃1 + 𝑥1 2 𝑃1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑃2 + 𝑥2 2 𝑃2
36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = 𝑥0 2 + (𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 )𝑃1 + (𝑥2 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 )𝑃2
Whence:
𝑥0 2 = 36
{ 𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 45
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 19

𝑥0 = ±6
2
⟹ { 𝑥1 + 2𝑥0 𝑥1 = 45 (1)
2
𝑥2 + 2𝑥0 𝑥2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 = 19 (2)
Case1: 𝑥0 = 6 by substituting in (1)
𝑥1 2 + 12𝑥1 − 45 = 0
(𝑥1 − 3)(𝑥1 + 15)
Then:
04 Ahmad Alhasan, Y. |Plithogenic Log. Comp. 2 (2024) 37-48

𝑥1 = 3
{
𝑥1 = −15

 For 𝑥1 = 3 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 + 18𝑥2 − 19 = 0
(𝑥1 − 1)(𝑥1 + 19) = 0
Then:
𝑥 =1
{ 2
𝑥2 = −19
Hence:

√36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = 6 + 3𝑃1 + 𝑃2

Or:
= 6 + 3𝑃1 − 19𝑃2

 For 𝑥1 = −15 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 − 18𝑥2 − 19 = 0
(𝑥1 − 19)(𝑥1 + 1) = 0

Then:
𝑥 = 19
{ 2
𝑥2 = −1
Hence:

√36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = 6 − 15𝑃1 + 19𝑃2

Or:
= 6 − 15𝑃1 − 𝑃2
Case2: 𝑥0 = −6 by substitution in (1)
𝑥1 2 − 12𝑥1 − 45 = 0
(𝑥1 − 15)(𝑥1 + 3) = 0

Then:
𝑥 = 15
{ 1
𝑥1 = −3

 For 𝑥1 = 15 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 + 18𝑥2 − 19 = 0
(𝑥1 − 1)(𝑥1 + 19) = 0
Then:
𝑥 =1
{ 2
𝑥2 = −19
Hence:

√36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = −6 + 15𝑃1 + 𝑃2

The Extended Study of the 2-symbolic Plithogenic Numbers 04

Or:
= −6 + 15𝑃1 − 19𝑃2

 For 𝑥1 = −3 we substitute in (2)

𝑥2 2 − 18𝑥2 − 19 = 0
(𝑥1 − 19)(𝑥1 + 1) = 0

Then:
𝑥 = 19
{ 2
𝑥2 = −1
Hence:

√36 + 45𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 = −6 − 3𝑃1 + 19𝑃2

Or:
= −6 − 3𝑃1 − 𝑃2
Hence, we got eight solutions:

𝑥 = √1 + 5𝐼1 + 3𝐼2 = 6 + 3𝑃1 + 𝑃2

Or:
= 6 + 3𝑃1 − 19𝑃2
Or:
= 6 − 15𝑃1 + 19𝑃2
Or:
= 6 − 15𝑃1 − 𝑃2
Or:
= −6 + 15𝑃1 + 𝑃2
Or:
= −6 + 15𝑃1 − 19𝑃2
Or:
= −6 − 3𝑃1 + 19𝑃2
Or:
= −6 − 3𝑃1 − 𝑃2
First symbolic plithogenic factoring:
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 = (𝑥 − 6 − 3𝑃1 − 𝑃2 )(𝑥 + 6 + 3𝑃1 + 𝑃2 )
Second symbolic plithogenic factoring:
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 = (𝑥 − 6 − 3𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 )(𝑥 + 6 + 3𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 )
Third symbolic plithogenic factoring:
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 = (𝑥 − 6 + 15𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 )(𝑥 + 6 − 15𝑃1 + 19𝑃2 )
Fourth symbolic plithogenic factoring:
04 Ahmad Alhasan, Y. |Plithogenic Log. Comp. 2 (2024) 37-48

𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 = (𝑥 − 6 + 15𝑃1 + 𝑃2 )(𝑥 + 6 − 15𝑃1 − 𝑃2 )

Differently from the classical polynomial with real coefficients, the symbolic plithogenic polynomials do not
have unique factoring! If we check each solution, we get:
𝑃(𝑥1 ) = 𝑃(𝑥2 ) = 𝑃(𝑥3 ) = 𝑃(𝑥4 ) = 𝑃(𝑥5 ) = 𝑃(𝑥6 ) = 𝑃(𝑥7 ) = 𝑃(𝑥8 ) = 0
Let’s compute:
𝑃(𝑥2 ) = 𝑃(6 + 3𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 ) = (6 + 3𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 )2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2
= 36 + 36𝑃1 + 9𝑃1 − 228𝑃2 − 114𝑃2 + 361𝑃2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 = 0 (True)

𝑃(𝑥7 ) = 𝑃(−6 + 15𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 ) = (−6 + 15𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 )2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2

= 36 − 180𝑃1 + 225𝑃1 + 228𝑃2 − 570𝑃2 + 361𝑃2 − 36 − 45𝑃1 − 19𝑃2 = 0 (True)
And so on for the rest of the results.

3 |Conclusions
This paper presented an extensive study on 2-symbolic plithogenic numbers, and its most important results
were taking all solutions when solving the 2-symbolic plithogenic equation not just one solution as in the case
of finding the square root of the 2-symbolic plithogenic number.

Acknowledgments
The author is grateful to the editorial and reviewers, as well as the correspondent author, who offered
assistance in the form of advice, assessment, and checking during the study period.

Funding
"This study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University project number
(PSAU/2024/R/1445)".

Data Availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to the
privacy-preserving nature of the data but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable
request.

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in the research.

Ethical Approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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