COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Cagamutan Norte, Leganes, Iloilo - 5003

Tel. # (033) 396-2291 ; Fax : (033) 5248081
Email Address : svcst_leganes@yahoo.com

COO – FORM 12

SUBJECT TITLE: CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING PROGRAM 1

INSTRUCTOR: LANE LYN B. ACEBOG, LPT
SUBJECT CODE: NSTP1

PRELIM MODULE

Topic 1: Ancient to Post-Modern Philosophy

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of this topic, the students are expected to:

1. Define NSTP.
2. Identify the purpose of NSTP.
3. Elaborate the program implementation of NSTP.
4. Enumerate the components of NSTP.

NOTES:

1.1. Definition of NSTP

NSTP is a service rendered to one’s own country with its aim of enhancing
civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth by developing the ethics
of service and patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three program
components (ROTC, CWTS and LTS) in the Philippines. Its various components are
specially designed to enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare.

1.2. History and Origin of NSTP

The National Service Training Program (NSTP) was implemented by the

University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman in accordance with the Republic Act (RA)
9163, an Act Establishing The National Service Training Program (NSTP) for Tertiary
Level Students, enabling the government to create a program that will encourage the

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youth to actively participate in civic welfare and literacy initiatives as well as defend
the country in times of war. It was, however, only in 2011 that UP Diliman paid
attention to unifying the different NSTP initiatives of the various colleges and units,
after the creation of the Office of the Director of NSTP (system level) and the
appointment of an NSTP Coordinator for UP Diliman.
The NSTP Diliman was officially established by virtue of a decision made by the
Board of Regents during its 1288th BOR Meeting on June 20, 2013. Its functions are
to administer, manage, and coordinate all NSTP offerings and activities in UP Diliman
in accordance with RA 9163 of 2001 and its duly approved implementing rules and
regulations.

In 2016, following a reorganization of the Office of the Vice Chancellor for

Academic Affairs, the NSTP Diliman was created to be headed by a director and a
deputy director for National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC).

1.3. Vision, Mission and Goals of NSTP

Vision

Recovery of the youth’s sense of patriotism and national pride, values and habits of
discipline and hard work, integrity and accountability for nation building, volunteer in
the enhancement of valuable and effective members of the National Service Corps of
the Civic Welfare Training Service.

Mission

To conduct capability enhancement for civic welfare services geared towards

strengthening the values and traits of the youth, develop social entrepreneurs,
volunteers, and socioeconomic mobilizing force, serving communities as value-driven
innovators for progress and development while working closely with a network of
organizations within and outside the higher education institution.

Goal of NSTP:

To promote and integrate values education; transformational leadership; and

sustainable social mobilization for youth development, community building, national
renewal, and global solidarity.

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 1.4. Program Implementation

NSTP Act of 2001 – mandates all the citizens, both male and female, to fulfill the
civic duty.

What are the civic obligations of each citizen?

 Abide the constitution
 Defend the state as the primary duty
 Render personal military or civil service
 Contribute to countries development in preservation of a just and orderly
society.

In respond to the urgent needs of our developing country today and in the
foreseeable future, it is equally vital to develop and enhance the civic consciousness
among the young generation to ensure national security and development.
The youth is the most valuable resource of the Filipino nation, to be motivated,
developed and utilized in regard to their responsibilities as a good citizens and
fulfilment of their civil obligations.

Commonwealth Act No.1 (The National Defense Act), 1935

 The imposition of national program for service and training of the youth
began in the Philippines.
 It is a legislative act providing basis to the national defense of the
country.
 The same law that required college students, especially male to finished
two years (4 Semester) of military training as a modality of
institutionalize and reservist system of National defense.

1980 – National Defense Act was amended to give existence to Presidential Decree
No. 1706.

Presidential Decree No. 1706 (National Defense Act)

- Mandated national service to all Filipino citizen

3 Main Program Components:

• Civic Welfare Service (CWS)
• Law Enforcement Service (LES)
• Military Service (MS)

It is given to the student as an option in compliance with these requirements in their

tertiary level.

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In 1986
Presidential Memorandum No. 1
- The implementation of NSP was suspended except Military Service during the
President Aquino regime, paving the way of ROTC.

R.A No. 7077 – known as the Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Law.
ROTC was embodied effective during 1986 – 1987.

ROTC – aimed to realize the constitutional mandate of the developing a strong civilian
base to supplement the professional military in the National Defense System.

* Objective of ROTC
To train all bodied tertiary students for military skills in case of war.

UST – ROTC Mark Welson Chua

 Died in alleged anomalies of some erring ROTC officials in 2001 defeating the
purpose upon which this military training program was anchored in.

2001 -2002
- ROTC was only made upon optional under the NSP (National Service Program)

E – ROTC (Expanded – ROTC) - Offering alternatives like:

 Civil Auxiliary service – helps maintain order and law, assisting socio economic
development projects and delivery of basic health services.

The following Components of E – ROTC

 MS (Military Service)
 CWS (Civic Welfare Service)
 LES (Law Enforcement Service)

December 2001
 The NSTP Act was envisioned to address the public clamor for reforms of the
ROTC and NSP.
 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo signed the NSTP Act of 2001

1.5. Components of NSTP

1. CWTS (Civic Welfare Training Service) – deals with national issues and
concerns, case studies of community organizing, and concepts of people
empowerment.

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 2. LTS (Literacy Training Service) – it aims to strengthen the knowledge, skills
and values of the youth to make the youth more responsive in the pursuit of
peace and development.
3. ROTC (Reserve Officers Training Corps) designed to provide military training
to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, organize and mobilize
them for national defense preparedness.

CWTS and LTS

 The non – military components of NSTP
 Committed to strengthening values and traits, improving skills and knowledge
of the youth in their fellow endeavor, developing interest in community service
and responsible in obtaining peace to ensure harmony to their Filipino
communities.

Exercises:

1. As an accountancy student, what is the significance of studying NSTP?

2. How would you apply your learnings in NSTP to your community?
3. How NSTP help our country?
4. What is the most important component? Why?
5. What is the role of NSTP in our daily activities?

References:

Dela Cruz, Sonia G. 2005. National Development via National Service Training
Program (CWTS 1). Books Atbp. Publishing Corp. Mandaluyong City.
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2002/01/23/republic-act-no-9163/

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Topic 2: The Philippine Constitution

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of this topic, the students are expected to:

1. Identify the definition of Philippine Constitution.
2. Enumerate the different articles in the Philippine Constitution.
3. Write down the preamble.
4. Elaborate the importance of Philippine constitution.

NOTES:

2.1. Definition of Philippine Constitution

The Philippine Constitution

 Section 4, Article II of the Constitution provides that the prime duty of the
Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government may call upon
the people to defend the State and in the fulfillment thereof, all citizens may
be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal military or
civil service.
 Section 15 of Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 provides that it is the duty and
responsibility of students to participate actively in civic affairs and be involved
in the promotion of the general welfare of the people particularly in the social,
economic and cultural development of his community and in the attainment of
a just, compassionate and orderly society.

Commonwealth Act No. 1- The National Defense Act

 The imposition of national program for service and training of the youth began
in the Philippines.
 It is a legislative act providing basis to the national defense of the country.
 The same law that required college students, especially male to finished two
years (4 Semester) of military training as a modality of institutionalize and
reservist system of National defense.

Presidential Decree No. 1706 – the National Service Law

 This Decree shall be known as “The National Service Law.”
 National service shall be obligatory for all citizens of the Philippines. As used
in this decree, “National service” shall consist of three main programs namely:
civic welfare service, law enforcement service; and military service.
 Each citizen shall render national service in any of the three main programs
stated in Section 2 of this decree or a combination thereof: Provided, that such

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 service shall be credited in his favor for the purpose of fulfilling educational
requirements established by law.

Republic Act No. 7707 – the Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines
Reservist Law
 The Citizen Armed Forces shall be provided maximum opportunity to
participate in safeguarding the security of the State and in assisting in
socioeconomic development.

The Republic Act 9163 – the NSTP Act of 2001

 It is designed to develop and enhance consciousness and defense
preparedness among the Filipino youth by developing the ethics of service,
nationalism, and patriotism while undergoing training in any of the three
program components.

2.2. Preamble of the Philippine Constitution

PREAMBLE

We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build
a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals
and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony,
and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and
democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love,
equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.

2.3. Articles of the Philippine Constitution

ARTICLE I – National Territory

 The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands
and waters embraced therein, and all other territories over which the
Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial,
and aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the
insular shelves, and other submarine areas. The waters around, between, and
connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless of their breadth and
dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the Philippines.

ARTICLE II – Declaration of Principles and State Policies

 Has 28 sections and is divided in 2 parts

 First part enumerates the principles of the state such as the democratic and
republican nature of the Philippine State; the Supremacy of the civilian

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 authority over the military; the people’s duty to defend the State; separation
of Church and State; and renunciation of war as an instrument of policy.
 The Second part stipulates the State policies such as the promotion of an
independent foreign policy; recognition of the youth and women’s role in nation
building; promotion of a comprehensive rural development and agrarian
reform; and the promotion of social justice.

ARTICLE III – Bill of Rights

 It is a declaration and enumeration of a person’s rights and privileges which

the Constitution is designed to protect against violation by the government, or
by individual or groups of individuals.

ARTICLE IV – Citizenship

 Relationship between an individual and a state to which the individual and a

state to which the individual owes allegiance and in turn is entitled to its
protection.
 Implies the status of freedom with accompanying responsibilities.

ARTICLE V – Suffrage

 Right to vote

ARTICLE VI – The Legislative Department

 According to the 1987 Constitution, legislative power shall be vested in the

Congress of the Philippines, which shall consist of a Senate and a House of
Representatives.
 The Senate shall be composed of twenty-four Senators who shall be elected at
large by the qualified voters of the Philippines, as may be provided by law; the
House of Representatives shall be composed of not more than 250 (unless
otherwise fixed by law), 20 percent of whom must be Party-list
representatives.
 Congress is responsible for making enabling laws to make sure the spirit of the
constitution is upheld in the country and, at times, amend or change the
constitution itself. In order to craft laws, the legislative body comes out with
two main documents: bills and resolutions.

ARTICLE VII – Executive Department

 Executive Branch of Government. Article VII, Section 1, of the 1987

Constitution vests executive power on the President of the Philippines. The

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 President is the Head of State and Head of Government, and functions as the
commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

ARTICLE VIII – Judicial Department

 Judicial power includes the duty of the courts of justice to settle actual
controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable,
and to determine whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion
amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part of any branch or
instrumentality of the Government.

ARTICLE IX – Constitutional Commissions

A. Common Provisions
B. The Civil Service Commission
C. The Commission on Elections
D. Commission on Audit

ARTICLE X – Local Government

 The Congress shall enact a local government code which shall provide for a
more responsive and accountable local government structure instituted
through a system of decentralization with effective mechanisms of recall,
initiative, and referendum, allocate among the different local government units
their powers, responsibilities, and resources, and provide for the qualifications,
election, appointment and removal, term, salaries, powers and functions and
duties of local officials, and all other matters relating to the organization and
operation of the local units.

ARTICLE XI – Accountability of Public Officers

 Public office is a public trust. Public officers and employees must at all times
be accountable to the people, serve them with utmost responsibility, integrity,
loyalty, and efficiency, act with patriotism and justice, and lead modest lives.

ARTICLE XII – National Economy and Patrimony

 The goals of the national economy are a more equitable distribution of

opportunities, income, and wealth; a sustained increase in the amount of
goods and services produced by the nation for the benefit of the people; and
an expanding productivity as the key to raising the quality of life for all,
especially the underprivileged.

ARTICLE XIII – Social Justice and Human Rights

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  The Congress shall give highest priority to the enactment of measures that
protect and enhance the right of all the people to human dignity, reduce social,
economic, and political inequalities, and remove cultural inequities by equitably
diffusing wealth and political power for the common good.

ARTICLE XIV – Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports

 The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education
at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible
to all.

ARTICLE XV – The Family

 The State recognizes the Filipino family as the foundation of the nation.
Accordingly, it shall strengthen its solidarity and actively promote its total
development.

ARTICLE XVI – General Provisions

ARTICLE XVII – Amendments or Revisions

 Any amendment to, or revision of, this Constitution may be proposed by:
1. The Congress, upon a vote of three-fourths of all its Members; or
2. A constitutional convention.

ARTICLE XVIII – Transitory Provisions

 The first elections of Members of the Congress under this Constitution shall be
held on the second Monday of May, 1987.
 The first local elections shall be held on a date to be determined by the
President, which may be simultaneous with the election of the Members of the
Congress. It shall include the election of all Members of the city or municipal
councils in the Metropolitan Manila area.

2.4. Importance of the Philippine Constitution

The constitution of the Philippines is the supreme law of the land as of 1987.
Prevailing themes throughout the document are peace and equality. Adherence to
international law is also important. The state has the right to pursue international
relations with other nations, and nuclear weapons of any kind are restricted from the
Philippine islands. The constitution is also meant to establish government authority
and protect the welfare of the Filipino people. Democratic institutions have been set
up, such as universal voting rights for people 18 years old or older. There are also
judicial, executive and congressional branches of governance.

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 Certain freedoms are afforded to the Filipino people, such as the right to be
safe and secure in their persons, as noted in Article III, Section 2 of its Bill of Rights.
Other freedoms secured are due process of law, freedom of speech and private
property rights. The constitution also states that civilian authority overrides the
military in all functions. The role of the armed forces is to be a protector of the Filipino
people and the state.
Constitution is a very important instrument in a state. It is the regulations
acknowledged by the people of a state to preserve and maintain peace and order in
the society. Without this, the state will be in chaos. The sovereign power of the state
will deteriorate and the government will not be able to function well.

Exercises:

1. The Bill of Rights is a major article throughout the different constitutions of the
country. Why is it necessary?
2. What is the importance of Philippine Constitution?
3. Why is a constitution considered as "highest expression of the law"?
4. What is the essence of Preamble?
5. What is called Constitution?

References:

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/

Topic 3: Citizenship

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of this topic, the students are expected to:

1. Elaborate the word citizenship.
2. Identify the modes in acquiring Philippine citizenship.
3. Enumerate the duties and obligations of a Filipino citizen.
4. Classify citizenship.

NOTES:

3.1. Meaning of Citizenship

Citizenship
 Relationship between an individual and a state to which the individual and a
state to which the individual owes allegiance and in turn is entitled to its
protection.
 Implies the status of freedom with accompanying responsibilities.

 Citizens have certain rights, duties, and responsibilities that are denied or only
partially extended to aliens and other noncitizens residing in a country.
 In general, full political rights, including the right to vote and hold public office,
are predicted upon citizenship.
 The usual responsibilities of citizenship are allegiance, taxation, and military
service.
 It is gained by meeting the legal requirements of a national, state, or local
government. A nation grants certain rights and privileges to its citizens. In
return, citizens are expected to obey their country’s laws and defend it against
its enemies.

The value of citizenship varies from nation to nation. In some countries,

citizenship can mean a citizen has the right to vote, the right to hold government
offices, and the right to collect unemployment insurance payments, to name a few
examples.
Living in a country does not mean that a person is necessarily a citizen of that
country. Citizens of one country who live in a foreign country are known as aliens.
Their rights and duties are determined by political treaties and by the laws of the
country in which they stay.

3.2. Classification of Citizenship

Under the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Article IV, Section 1, it states that:

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The following are citizens of the Philippines:
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this
Constitution;
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine
citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance of law

What are the modes in acquiring Philippine citizenship?

There are two (2) generally recognized forms of acquiring Philippine citizenship:

1. Filipino by birth
 Jus soli (right of soil) which is the legal principle that a person’s nationality
at birth is determined by the place of birth (e.g. the territory of a given
state)
 Jus sanguinis (right of blood) which is the legal principle that, at birth, an
individual acquires the nationality of his/her natural parent/s. The Philippine
adheres to this principle.
2. Filipino by naturalization which is the judicial act of adopting a foreigner and
clothing him with the privileges of a native-born citizen. It implies the
renunciation of a former nationality and the fact of entrance into a similar
relation towards a new body politic (2Am.Jur.561,par.188).

I am a natural born Filipino who was naturalized in another country; can I re-acquire
my Filipino citizenship without losing current my citizenship?
 Former natural-born Filipino who has been naturalized in another country
who wishes to retain or re-acquire their Philippine citizenship may apply for
Retention/Re-acquisition of Philippine Citizenship pursuant to RA 9225.
Can I include my dependents for my application of RA 9225?
 Children below 18 years of age may be included as dependents to your
application for RA 9225.
I am a foreign national with a Filipino parent; can I apply for a Filipino citizenship?
 Foreign nationals who were born outside of the Philippines to a Filipino
parent (Note: the parent/s must be Philippine citizen/s at the time of the
applicant’s birth) may apply for Recognition as a Filipino citizen, without
losing the current citizenship of the applicant.

3.3. Duties and Obligations of Citizenship

The prime duty of the government is for its citizens to serve and protect in
turn it shall be obligation of the entire citizen to do their duties and responsibilities
as a Filipino citizens of the country as listed below:

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 1. Defend our country from enemies and invaders.
2. Pay his/her taxes willingly and promptly.
3. Be loyal to our country.
4. Take care and conserve our natural resources.
5. Help our country for growth and development.
6. Keep our surroundings clean.
7. Study well and become a productive individual.
8. Obey the laws and maintain peace and order in the community.
9. Preserve the Filipino culture and identity.
10.Participate actively in various government programs.
11.Vote wisely and chose candidates who can serve the people and our country.
12.Respect the rights of others.

The more important duties and obligations of every citizen in a democratic society
are the following:

1. To be loyal to the Republic.

2. To defend the State.
3. To contribute to the development of welfare of the State
4. To uphold the Constitution and obey laws.
5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities.
6. To exercise rights responsibility and with due regard for the rights of others.
7. To engage in gainful work.
8. To register and vote.

Exercises:

1. In what article in the Philippines constitution can we find citizenship?

2. Aside from what is stated from above statements, what should be included in
basis of Philippine citizenship?
3. What are the duties and obligations of Filipino citizen?
4. What is the difference between citizens and citizenship?
5. Example of citizenship.

References:
Dela Cruz, Sonia G. 2005. National Development via National Service Training
Program (CWTS 1). Books Atbp. Publishing Corp. Mandaluyong City.
https://immigration.gov.ph/faqs/citizenship
Topic 4: Bill of Rights

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of this topic, the students are expected to:

1. Identify the purpose of Bill of Rights.
2. Write down the importance of Bill or Rights.
3. Analyze the Bill of Rights.

NOTES:

4.1. Definition

BILL OF RIGHTS
 Article III of the Philippine Constitution
 One of the most political achievements of the Filipinos
 It is a declaration and enumeration of a person’s rights and privileges which
the Constitution is designed to protect against violation by the government, or
by individual or groups of individuals.
 It is a charter of liberties for the individual and a limitation upon the power of
the State.
 It is the people shield against the government abuse
 It is a constitutional enumeration of the rights and privileges guaranteed by
the state to all the persons within its territory.

4.2. Purpose

 A bill of rights give formal recognition to certain fundamental human rights.

 A bill of rights give further legal protection to certain minorities and the most
vulnerable in our society.
 A bill of rights protect society from rogue politicians and arbitrary government
actions.
 A bill of rights serve as a minimum standard for the formation of laws and
administering of government policies.
 A bill of rights serve as an image booster for the country vis-à-vis international
community.

4.3. Content

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Rights provided on the Article III of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

Section 1:
No person shall be deprive of life, liberty or property without due process.

Section 2:
The rights of people to be secure, their houses, papers and effects against
unreasonable searches.

Section 3:
a. The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable.
b. Any evidence obtained shall be inadmissible for any purpose in any proceedings.

Section 4:
No law shall be abridging the freedom of speech, of expression or the press.

Section 5:
No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion prohibiting the free
exercise thereof.

Section 6:
The right of liberty guaranteed by the constitution includes the right to exist and the
right to free from personal restrained or servitude.

Section 7:
The right of people to information on matters of public concerns

Section 8:
The right of people those employed in public and private sector to form union.

Section 9:
Public property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

Section 10:
No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.

Section 11:
Free access of the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance
shall not be denied.

Section 12:
a. The right to remain silent.

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b. No torture, force, violent or other means which vitiate the free will
c. Any confession shall be inadmissible
d. The penal and civic sanctions shall be provided

Section 13:
All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua
when evidence of guilt is strong. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when
the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended.

Section 14:
No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law.
In all criminal prosecution, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the contrary
is proved and shall enjoy the right to be heard by him and council.

Section 15:
The privilege of the writ of habeas of corpus shall not be suspended except in cases
of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it.

Section 16:
All person shall have the right to a speedy disposition to their cases before all judicial,
quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies

Section 17:
No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

Section 18:
a. No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and aspirations.
b. No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a
crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.

Section 19:
a. Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment
inflicted.
b. The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any
prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under
subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law.

Section 20:
No person shall be imprison for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.

Section 21:
No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense.

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Section 22:
No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

Exercises:

1. What are the significance of Bill of Rights?

2. What does reclusion perpetua means?
3. Do you think all citizens should have the same rights?
4. What, to you, is the most important right for a citizen to have in a free country?
5. Are there any rights that we don't necessarily have that you believe we should?

References:
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-the-
republic-of-the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-
article-iii/

END OF PRELIM MODULE

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