EXPERIMENT-8

HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF HEAT EXCHANGER

1 Q) A counter flow double pipe heat exchanger having a length of 1m. The inner pipe of
the heat exchanger has an inner diameter of 40 mm and a wall thickness of 5mm whereas
the outer pipe has an inner diameter of 70 mm and a wall thickness of 5mm. Water having
a temperature of 800C enters the inner pipe with a velocity of 0.25 m/s and water having a
temperature of 150C enters the outer region with a velocity of 0.3 m/s. Calculate the area-
weighted average temperature of water at the exists. Both Pipes are made of Aluminium.

AIM

To calculate the area-weighted average temperature of water at the exists for a counter flow
double pipe heat exchanger having a length of 1m. The inner pipe of the heat exchanger has an
inner diameter of 40 mm and a wall thickness of 5mm whereas the outer pipe has an inner
diameter of 70 mm and a wall thickness of 5mm. Water having a temperature of 80 0C enters the
inner pipe with a velocity of 0.25 m/s and water having a temperature of 15 0C enters the outer
region with a velocity of 0.3 m/s. Both Pipes are made of Aluminium.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

1. ANSYS Fluent 2023

THEORY

Heat exchangers are devices that transfer or exchange heat between two fluids without mixing
and include various types depending on the design, application, required space, and the fluid
flows in the system. All the heat exchangers have a barrier that separates the fluids and allows
the heat transfer simultaneously. The double pipe heat exchanger is one of the basic kinds of
exchangers with a very flexible configuration. There are two types of counterflow or parallel
flow for this type that are the basis of design and calculation for determining pipe size, length,
and a number of bends.

Double Pipe Heat Exchangers

In double pipe heat exchangers, we have a large pipe with a small pipe inside it concentrically,
and all the heat transfer process occurs inside the larger pipe. One fluid flows through the inner
of a small pipe, and another fluid is between the two pipes, and that is how the inner pipe acts as
a conductive barrier. The outside or shell side includes fluid flow passing on the inner side or
tube side.

This type of heat exchanger is known as hairpin, jacketed pipe, jacketed u-tube, and pipe in pipe
exchanger. They can contain one pipe or pipe bundle (less than 30), and the outer pipe must have
a diameter of less than 200mm. In some cases, to increase the rate of heat transfer between
working fluids, there are longitudinal fins in the inner tube.
PROCEDURE

Open the Ansys software.

Open workbench module and load Fluid Flow (Fluent) form the tool box

1. Geometry

 Select the required plane.

 Select the look at face.
 Using sketching draw a four concentrated circles and give dimensions as required,
 Extrude this profile for 1m length  Add Material Generate.
 Rename the two solid pipes as inner pipe and outer pipe
 Tools Fill (To create the Inner Pipe Fluid Domain) Select the inner surface of the
inner pipeBy Cavity Apply Generate.
 Tools Fill (To create the Outer Pipe Fluid Domain) Select the inner surface of the
Outer pipeBy Cavity Apply Generate.
 Create  Boolean Subtract Target Body Outer surface fluid domain  Tool
Body Inner surface fluid domain Preserve Tool Body  yes  Generate.
 Rename fluid domains as Inner Pipe Fluid Doman and Outer Pipe Fluid Domain.
 Update Geometry.

2. Meshing
 After Mesh loading, Generate default Mesh
 Check the mesh quality metrics
 Create Named SelectionFace Selector Hot Inlet, Cold Outlet and Hot Outlet, Cold
Inlet.
 Create Named SelectionBody Selector Inner Pipe Fluid Doman as Hot Fluid and
Outer Pipe Fluid Domain as cold fluid.
 Create Named SelectionBody SelectorInner Pipe and Outer Pipe.
 Create Named SelectionFace Selector Outer Surface of pipe.
 For Mesh Improvement, Mesh Insert Method Select Total body Tetrahedrons
Generate.
  Mesh Insert Inflation select the liquid domain (Geometry Selection) and Cylinder
edges as boundary
Inflation option Smooth Transition.
Maximum number of layers-10
Inflation Algorithm- Pre
Generate mesh
 Mesh Insert Sizing Select the Four edges of both pipes and give number of
divisions as 200 Generate
 Check the all the mesh quality metrics
 Check the mesh statistics
 Update the project

3. Fluent Setup

I. General
 Solver  Pressure Based
 Time  Steady
 Velocity Formulation Absolute
 Planar 3D
II. Models
 On Energy Equation
 Viscous Models k-€( 2 equation)
III. Materials
 Add water liquid as fluid from fluent database.
IV. Cell Zone Condition
 Change fluid domain zone inner and outer material as water Liquid.
 Solid materials as Aluminium.
V. Boundary Condition
 Hot Inlet velocity Inlet Momentum  Velocity = 0.25m/s and Thermal 
Temperature  353K Apply Close.
 Cold Inlet velocity Inlet Momentum  Velocity = 0.3m/s and Thermal 
Temperature  288K Apply Close.
 Cold Outlet Pressure Outlet Apply Close.
 Hot Outlet Pressure Outlet Apply Close.
 Outer Surface of outer pipe Wall Thermal Heat Flux0 Apply ok.
VI. Reference Value
 Compute from  Cold Inlet
VII. Methods
 Scheme Coupled
VIII. Monitors
 Report Definition New Surface Report Area-Weighted Average
 Report Name Cold Outlet Temperature
 Field Variable Temperature
 Surface Cold Outlet
 Report File
 Report Plot
 Print to Console
 ok
 IX. Report Definition New Surface Report Area-Weighted Average
 Report Name Hot Outlet Temperature
 Field Variable Temperature
 Surface Hot Outlet
 Report File
 Report Plot
 Print to Console
 ok
X. Initialization
 Hybrid Initialization Initialize
XI. Run Calculation
 Number of Iterations-1000
 Report Interval 1
 Profile Update Interval 1
 Calculate

4. Results

 Check and save the surface plots of Hot and cold Outlet temperature.
 Location Plane YZ Plane( Creating plane along the length of heat exchanger)
Type Rectangle Give Dimensions ok
 Pressure Contour
Locations Plane
Variables Pressure
Contours150
Apply
 Velocity Contour
Locations Plane
Variables Velocity
Contours150
 Check the hot and cold temperatures contours
 Stream Lines Start From Cold Inlet and hot inlet
 Animate the Flow
 Apply
 Save the Project

RESULT

Therefore Calculated the area-weighted average temperature of water at exists for a counter flow
double pipe heat exchanger with given Boundary conditions.