LIE, ATTITUDE &
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PRESENTATION
The more compact a fetus is during labor, the easier it will be for a vaginal delivery. Malpositions increase the risk of operative deliveries.
Fetal positioning can be determined externally by Leopold maneuver. Fetal positioning can also be confirmed via ultrasound.
Fetal attitude
Fetal attitude is the relationship of fetal parts to each other (flexion). The more flexed the mentum is to the chest, the smaller
the diameter as it passes through the pelvis.
Ideal position Malposition
Complete flexion Moderate flexion Poor flexion Full extension
Occiput Military Brow Face
Fetal lie Fetal presentation
Fetal lie: Fetal presentation:
relationship of fetal spine to client’s spine the relationship of the presenting part of the fetus
to the quadrants of the maternal pelvis
Ideal position Malposition Ideal position Malposition
Vertical Oblique Vertex Breech
Malposition Malposition
Horizontal Shoulder
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