CÁC THÌ THƯỜNG XUYÊN SỬ DỤNG TRONG TIẾNG ANH

1. Present simple tense ( Thì hiện tại đơn)

*Động từ thường:
Khẳng định: S + V (s/es) + O
Phủ định: S + do/ does not + O
Nghi vấn: Do/ Does + S + V (inf) + O?
*Động từ to be:
Khẳng định: S + am/ is/ are + O
Phủ định: S + am/ is/ are not + O
Nghi vấn: Am/ Is/ Are + S + O?
Cách sử dụng: - Diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên, chân lí
Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
-Diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động thường xảy ra ở hiện tại
Ex: I get up early every morning
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Trạng từ chỉ tần suất: always, usually, often, sometimes,
seldom/ rarely, hardly, never
Every day, every week , every month
Exercise: Each of these sentences has a mistake in it. Figure out and correct
them
1. The children does their homework .
2. Both my brothers likes l sport.
3. Robert catch the same bus every morning.
4. My parents works in the same hospital in Hue City
5. English have a lot of accents
2. Present Continuous tense ( Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
Khẳng định: S + am/ is/ are + V-ing
Phủ định: S + am/ is/ are not + V-ing
Nghi vấn: Am/ Is/ Are + S + V-ing?
Cách sử dụng:
-Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại thời điểm nói
Ex: I am studying English now
-Diễn tả sự than phiền với hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần, gây khó chịu “
always”
Ex: He is always borrowing our books and then he doesn’t remember.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: now, right now, at present, at the moment
Trong các câu trước đó là một câu chỉ mệnh lệnh. Look!. Watch! Be quiet!
Listen! Be careful!...
Ex: Be quiet! My baby is sleeping.
3.Present perfect tense ( Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
Khẳng định: S + has/ have + V-ed/ V3 + O
Phủ định: S + has/ have not + V-ed/ V3 + O
Nghi vấn: Has/ Have + S + V-ed/ V3 + O?
Cách sử dụng:
-Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp
tục trong tương lai.
Ex: They have been married for 20 years.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
Just, recently, lately: gần đây, vừa mới
Already: rồi
Never: không bao giờ, chưa bao giờ
Before: trước đây
Ever: đã từng
For (khoảng) + khoảng thời gian ( for a year, for a long time, for 6 days)
Since (từ khi) + mốc thời gian ( since 2020, since June)
Yet: chưa ( dùng trong câu hỏi và câu phủ định)
So far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho đến bây giờ
It/ this/ that is the first/ second/ most/ best/ only/ worst: đây là lần đầu/ lần
thứ hai…
Ex: Have you ever been to London?
I’ve never met him before.
I have already had breakfast.
Susan hasn’t finished the report yet.
This is the first time we’ve been to Scotland.
Exercise: Choose the best answer
1. You are changing/ have changed a lot since the last time I saw you.
2. He has become/ became more concerned about his social status since he
started working there.
3. Travel has turned/ have turned into a huge industry in the last few decades.
4. Science has advanced/is advancing in leaps and bounds.
5. Man is accomplished/ has accomplished great things.
6. I have already completed/ have not completed the report yet.
7. The rain haven’t stopped/ hasn’t stopped. It’s been raining for 3 hours.
8. They haven’t arrived/ haven’t already arrived at the airport.
9. We have had/ had three power cuts this week.
10. The team has experienced/ is experiencing numerous setbacks so far.

4. Past simple tense ( Thì quá khứ đơn)

*Động từ thường:
Khẳng định: S + V-ed/ V2 + O
Phủ định: S + didn’t + V (inf) + O
Nghi vấn: Did + S + V (inf) + O?
*Động từ to be:
Khẳng định: S + was/ were + O
Phủ định: S + was/ were not + O
Nghi vấn: Was/ were + S + O?
Cách sử dụng: Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và đã chấm
dứt ở hiện tại.
Ex: She played tennis yesterday
I was a student in Marie Curie school in 2005
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: yesterday, last week/ night/ month/ year, ago, in + năm
đã qua
Exercise: Choose the best answer.
1. They don’t catch/ weren’t catch/ didn’t catch the bus yesterday.
2. My sister come/ came/ was come home late last night.
3. My father was tired when I got/ get/ getted home.
4. What did you do/ did/ done two days ago?
5. Where does/ did/ do your family go on the summer holiday last year?
6. She win/ to win/ won the gold medal in 1986.
7. He had taught in this school before he left/ leaving/ had left for London.
8. I didn’t saw/ seen/ see you before.
9. Jorge goes/ gone/ went to Brazil earlier this year.
10. She probably loses/ lost/ had lost her keys while she was walking in the
park.
5.Future simple tense ( Thì tương lai đơn)
Khẳng định: S + will/ shall + V (inf) + O
Phủ định: S + will/ shall not + V (inf) + O
Nghi vấn: Will/ Shall + S + V (inf) + O
Cách sử dụng: Diễn tả một hành động, sự việc không có dự định trước mà
được quyết định ngay tại thời điểm nói.
Ex: Jenny will go climbing
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: next week/ month/ year, tomorrow, soon
6.Near future tense ( Thì tương lai gần)
Khẳng định: S + am/ is/ are + going to + V (inf)
Phủ định: S + am/ is/ are not + going to + V (inf)
Nghi vấn: Am/ Is/ Are + S + going to + V (inf)?
Cách sử dụng: Diễn tả một kế hoạch, dự định cụ thể có tính toán trong
tương lai không xa.
Ex: I am going to buy a TV
-Diễn tả một quan điểm mang tính khách quan
Ex: It’s going to rain soon because I spot some dark clouds above.
Practice exercise
Exercise 1: Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to
complete the following passage
1. Abert Matz was a progressive American writer. He (be)…………
born in 1908. He (write)…………his first play "Peace on Earth” in
1943. It (be)………… against wars, so the American police (arrest)
…………. him and (put)………. him in prison in 1950.
2. Mary and John are neighbors. They (know)…………… each other
for several years. Mary (move) ……………….into her house in 1986,
and John (live)…………….. next door since he (come) ………………..to
the area in 1980.
3. Dennis Heal is a politician. He (go)……………. to Oxford University
in 1950 and (become)……………………. a member of Parliament for
the Labor Party in 1957. He (be) …………….an MP since then. He
(write)……………… three story books including his autobiography. He
is married to the artist, Adra Heal, they (have)……………. two
children. They (live) ……………..in Oxford for 15 years, then (move)
…………….. to London in 1970. They now (live) ………………..in
Cadogan Square in central London .
4. Paul Carrack is a musician and a singer He (be)……………….. in the
music business for over 20 years. He (start)…………….. playing
professionally while he (be) ………………..at school. He (travel)
……………. all over the world. He (have) …………….his first hit record
in 1974. So far he (make)…………………… a lot of records. Young
people in America and Britain (know) ……………..his name and they
never (forge) ……………………..his number one song" The Living
Years”
5a. While I (walk)………………….. to class yesterday moming, I (see)
………………….. Abdullah. We (say) ………………….hello and (walk)
……………………the rest of the way to school together
b. Mrs Reed (turn) on the radio in her car while she (drive)
……………….. home yesterday. She (listen)………………….to some
music when she suddenly (hear)………………. a siren. She (look)
………………….. in her mimor and (see)………………… an ambulance
behind her. She immediately (pull)……………….. her car to side of the
road and (wait)…………….. for the ambulance to pass
c. My mother called me around five o'clock. My husband came home
a litte after that. When he (come)………………. home, I (talk)
……………….to my mother on the phone.
6. a . Jack moved to Hong Kong after he graduated from the
university. Jack (be)……………….. in Hongkong since he (graduate)
………………..
b. Jack (break)………………………. his leg five days ago. He’s in
hospital. He (be) in the hospital since he (break)……………….his leg.
c.,……………….. Mary (feed) the cat?- Yes. She (feed)……………….
him before lunch. What...............she(give)………………....him?- she
(give)…………….. him some fish.
7. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for 175 million years. During this time,
species of dinosaurs (evolve)…………………… and becoming extinct.
Sixty-five million years ago the remaining dinosaurs...........................
(die out). Some scientists (think) ………………………….that a cooling
of the climate caused this extinction. Others believe that the
replacement of one type of plant with another type (contribute)
…………………………….to the dinosaurs' decline. Now, however,
evidence (suggest)…………………… a large meteorite hit the Earth
and (kill)…………………… not only all the dinosaurs, but also many
other animals. Species of plants became extinct as well. After the
Earth's collision with the meteorite, large clouds of dust would have
been thrown into the air. Many animals may not have been able to
breathe or adapt to this change in climate, and they (die)
……………….. as a result.
8. Ted Holt arrived at the station at five past seven to catch the
train. "Please(wait)……………………. for me," he shouted and jumped
on the train. But the train(not move)……………….." I wonder why the
train (not leave)…………………….. yet." He said to the man next to
him. "It always (leave)…………………… at seven twenty," the
man(reply)………………… Ted suddenly (realize)…………………..
he(be)…………………….on the wrong train!" The train to
Plimpton(already go)……………………." The man told him.
9. Nowadays a lot of important inventions (carry out)……………………
by scientists (work)………………………. for large industrial firms.
However, there are still opportunities for other people(invent)
……………………. various things. In Britain there is a weekly T.V
programme which attempts (show)……………… all the various
devices which people (recently/invent)………………………..The people
organizing this programme (receive)……………………… information
about 700 inventions a year. New ideas can still (develop)
……………………….. by private inventors. However, it is important
(consider)………………… these question:
Will it work? Will be it wanted? Is it new?
10. Tooth decay (start) ………………….early in life. It (continue)
…………………..throughout adult life so that many of us will (lose)
…………………. quite a few of our teeth by the time we (reach)
………………….. old age. There (be) …………………….two causes of
tooth decay. One cause is that many of us (not take)
…………………………proper care of our teeth. Besides that, we eat a
lot of sugary food, thus (result)…………………… in tooth decay. Ever
since we (be)…………………. young, we (encourage)……………………..
to brush our teeth properly and regularly. However, most of us (not
follow)……………………….. this advice and neglect our teeth.
11. As the taxi (speed)………………… on, Mary (look)……………………..
out of the window. It (rain),…………………………… so the road (be)
………………….wet. She looked forward to (go)………… home after a
long holiday aboard. The taxi (slow)……………………….. down and
then stopped at the airport. Mary got out of the taxi. While she(look)
……………………… for money in her purse to pay the driver, he(take)
………………….. out her luggage. Then he (turn)………………………..
round to receive the fare. He (be)……………………….. in the same
secondary school as her. In fact, he was a former classmate.

Exercise 2: Put the verbs in the present tense for the future:
simple present or simple progressive.
1 A: Are you free on Friday?
B: No, we're very busy now. We(have)………………. a party on
Sunday. Would you like to come?
1. A: What time (your train/ leave)
…………………………………………….. tomorrow?
B:Seven twenty-three in the morning. It (get)………………… into
Paris at eleven twenty-three
3. A: (the film/ begin)………………………. at 3.30 or 4.30?
B: It (begin)……………….. at 3.30. I (pick)……………… you up at 3
o'clock
2. A: I (go)………………….. to an ice hockey match this evening.
Would you like to come?
B: Yes, I'd love to. What time(the match start)
……………………………?
A: It(start)……………………. at half past seven
5. A. When(the art exhibition/open)…………………………..?
B. The art exhibition(open)……………….. on 3 May and (finish)
………………… on 15 July
6. A What time(you finish)………………………………… work tomorrow?
B: I (not/ go)…………………. to work tomorrow .I (stay)
………………… at home.
7 A: (you /do)…………………. anything tomorrow morning?
B: Yes, I (go)………………. to the airport to meet Richard. He (stay)
……………………here for the weekend. His plane(arrive)
……………………. at eight fifteen.
8. A: Where (you go)…………………………. on your holiday?
B: We (leave) ………………..for Paris next week. The train(leave)
…………………. early on Tuesday morning.
9. A :I'm bored with this program. When (it/finish)……………………….?
B: It (last………………..) till 2:30.
10.A: How about going across the street for a cup of coffee?
B: I can't. I(meet)…………………… Jennifer at the library.
Exercise 3: Choose the correct answer.
1. A: Why are you working so hard these days?
B: Because……………….a car, so I'm saving as much as I can.
a. I'll buy b. I'm going c. I buy
to buy
2. A: Oh, I've just realised. I haven't got any money.
B: Haven't you? Well, don't worry…………….. you some
a. I'll lend b. I'm going c. I'm
to lend lending
2. A: Could I have a word with you, please?
B: Sorry, I'm in a big hurry. My train…………….., in fifteen minutes.
a. is going to leave b. will leave
c. leaves

4.A: Let's go to the carnival.

B: Yes, good idea. I expect ……………….. fun.
a. it'll be b. it's c. it's being
5.A: Have you decided about the course?
B: Yes, I decided last weekend ………………………….for a place.
a. I apply b. I'm going to apply
c. I'll apply
6. A: It's a public holiday next month.
B: Yes, I know. ………………………..anything special?
a. Are you b. Do you do
doing c. Will you do
7. A: Do you mind not leaving your papers all over the table?
B: Oh sorry. I'll take them all with me when,………………..
a. I'll go b. I'm going c. I go
8. A: …………………….a party next Saturday. Can you come?
B: Yes, of course.
a. We'll have b. We're c. We have
having
9. A: I'm trying to move this cupboard, but it's very heavy.
B: Well, ………………….you, then.
a. I'll help b. I'm going c. I help
to help
10.A: Excuse me. What time………………………. to London?
B: Seven thirty in the morning.
a. will this b. is this c. does this
train leave train going to train get
get
11. A: I've decided to repaint this room.
B: Oh, have you? What color …………………….it?
a. does you b. are you c. will you
paint going to paint
paint
12.A. Why are you putting on your coat? …………………………
somewhere?
B: No, I just feel rather cold.
a. Are you b. Do you go
going c. Will you go
13. A: Did you post that letter for me?
B: Oh, I'm sorry. I completely forgot …………….. it now.
a. I do b. I'm doing c. I'll do
14. A: You look very happy. What is happening?
B. Well, I've got a new job. ………………… my new job on Monday.
a. I'm starting
b. I'm going to start
c. I start