1 (n-1)! nr p!q! y r!

2 72 3 729 4 210
1 20 6 1 5 64 24 6 240 360
2 24
3 10 1 1 5 1 2 3 4 4 3
4 10 P3=4 =64 3
4

1 2 3 4 4 3
4 P3=4_3_2=24
1
6 6
1 120 24 (6-1)!=5!=120

2 5040 1440
2 3

3 125 27 1024
1 1 2

4 243 2
3

2
0 1 2 3 4
4 120_2=240 120_3=360
0 1 2 3 4
5P3=5Ü`

4_5Ü`=500 500 2
1 6 3 35
5 360
2 165 3 286 84
6 32

2
(a+b+c)ß`
=(a+b+c)(a+b+c)(a+b+c)(a+b+c)
_(a+b+c)(a+b+c)
7
(a+b+c)ß` 3
a b c 6
3 7
3P7=3à`=2187

3H6=3+6-1C6=8C6=8C2=28 28

7 420 50400

8 126 40 4 56 5 120 20

132
 4 aÞ`+5aÝ`b+10aÜ`bÛ`+10aÛ`bÜ`+5abÝ`+bÞ`
(xÛ`+x+1)Ü` aà`+7aß`+21aÞ`+35aÝ`+35aÜ`+21aÛ`+7a+1

(xÛ`+x+1)Ü` 5 (1+x)n=nC0+nC1x+nC2 xÛ`+ y +nCn xn

x=-1
n C0-nC1+nC2-nC3+ y +(-1)nnCn=0
(1+x)2n=2nC0+2nC1x+2nC2 xÛ`+ y +2nC2n x2n
yy
x=1
2n C0+2nC1+2nC2+ y +2nC2n=22n yy
1 n+r-1
x=-1
2 5 12 3 45 4 36
2n C0-2nC1+2nC2- y +2nC2n=0 yy
5 35 6 30
+
2(2nC0+2nC2+2nC4+ y +2nC2n)=22n
6 x+y+z=10 (x y z)
2n C0+2nC2+2nC4+ y +2nC2n=22n-1yy
x=1+a y=1+b z=1+c
-
a+b+c=7
2n C1+2nC3+2nC5+ y +2nC2n-1=22n-1
3 H7=9C7=36
x=6 y+z=4 b+c=2
(b c) H2=3C2=3
2

x=7 y z 2 1 (1+x)10=10C0+10C1x+10C2 x2+ y +10C10 x10

2 (x+1)10=10C0 x10+10C1x9+10C2 x8+ y +10C10

x=8 y z 1 1
36-3-2-1=30 (1+x)10(1+x)10=(1+x)10(x+1)10
=(10C0+10C1x+10C2 x2+ y +10C10 x10)
_(10C0 x10+10C1 x9+10C2 x8+ y +10C10)
3 x10

1 aÝ`+4aÜ`b+6aÛ`bÛ`+4abÜ`+bÝ` C0_10C0+10C1_10C1+10C2_10C2+y+10C10_10C10
10

xß`+6xÞ`y+15xÝ`yÛ`+20xÜ`yÜ`+15xÛ`yÝ`+6xyÞ`+yß` =(10C0)2+(10C1)2+(10C2)2+ y +(10C10)2

xÞ`-15xÝ`+90xÜ`-270xÛ`+405x-243 (1+x)10(1+x)10=(1+x)20 (1+x)20

x10 C10
20

2 81xÝ`+108xÜ`y+54xÛ`yÛ`+12xyÜ`+yÝ`
aÞ`-10aÝ`b+40aÜ`bÛ`-80aÛ`bÜ`+80abÝ`-32bÞ` (10C0)2+(10C1)2+(10C2)2+ y +(10C10)2=20C10

r
1
Cr x6-r{;[@;} =6Cr_2r_x6-r_
6
xr 1 an-1b n Cr
xÛ` 6-r-r=2 2 xß`-6xÞ`y+15xÝ`yÛ`-20xÜ`yÜ`+15xÛ`yÝ`-6xyÞ`+yß`
6-2r=2 r=2 aÞ`-10aÝ`+40aÜ`-80aÛ`+80a-32
xÛ` 6C2_2Û`=60 60 xÝ`+8xÜ`y+24xÛ`yÛ`+32xyÜ`+16yÝ`
3 54 -8 540 4 2
5 64 1024 6 918
3 560 1215

133
6 ¢C™ 10 {xÛ`-;[@;}
8

∞C™ ∞C£
r
1
§C™ §C£ §C¢ Cr(xÛ`)8-r{-;[@;} =8Cr_(-2)r_x16-2r_
8
xr
¶C™ ¶C£ ¶C¢ ¶C∞
xÝ` 16-2r-r=4
•C™ •C£ •C¢ •C∞ •C§
ªC™ ªC£ ªC¢ ªC∞ ªC§ ªC¶ 16-3r=4 r=4

¡ºC£ ¡ºC¢ ¡ºC∞ ¡ºC§ ¡ºC¶ xÝ` 8C4_(-2)Ý`=1120

11
C2+5C3+6C2+7C2+8C2+9C2
5
920=(8+1)20
=6C3+6C2+7C2+8C2+9C2
=20C0 820+20C1 819+ y +20C18 82+20C19 8+20C20
=7C3+7C2+8C2+9C2
20 C0 820+20C1 819+ y +20C18 82 16
=8C3+8C2+9C2
20 C19 8+20C20=20C1 8+1=20_8+1=16_10+1
=9C3+9C2=10C3
920 16 1

6C3+6C4+7C3+8C3+9C3=10C4 12 (1+x)n Cr xr
n

7C4+7C5+8C4+9C4=10C5 (1+x)+(1+x)Û`+(1+x)Ü`+ y +(1+x)10

8C5+8C6+9C5=10C6 xÛ`
9C6+9C7=10C7 2C2+3C2+4C2+5C2+6C2+7C2+8C2+9C2+10C2

=3C3+3C2+4C2+5C2+6C2+7C2+8C2+9C2+10C2
4C2+10C3+10C4+10C5+10C6+10C7 =4C3+4C2+5C2+6C2+7C2+8C2+9C2+10C2
=4C2+2(10C3+10C4)+10C5
=6+2(120+210)+252=918 =10C3+10C2
=11C3=165

n n 1 n 13 4 A B
H4=2+4-1C4=5C4=5C1=5
2 yy
n=2 2 2 5 A B
n=3 3+3=6 3 2H5=2+5-1C5=6C5=6C1=6 yy
n=5 5+10+10+5=30 5 6 A B
H6=2+6-1C6=7C6=7C1=7
2 yy
yy
4 5 6 A B
5_6_7=210 yy
2
01 02 03 04 05
210-2=208 yy
06 07 08 09 10
11 12 13 208 14 1188 15 90720
16 27 4 5 6 A B
60`%

08 B 5 4 5 6 A B
20`%
A

20`%
3H5=3+5-1C5=7C5=7C2=21

134
14 (2x+1)Ü`=8xÜ`+12xÛ`+6x+1
{x+;[#;}
6
1
Ú
r
6-r r 6-2r
6 Cr x {;[#;} =6Cr_3 _x yy 7! 3! 3!
- _ =35-9=26
4!3! 2! 2!
6
(2x+1)Ü` {x+;[#;} x5 Û
3 2 2 3 4 5 4 10 17 B
x _x =x _x =x_x =1_x 1 26
3 6 7
6-2r=2 r=2 1 9
2 1
6-2r=3 r 1 3 2

6-2r=4 r=1
A 1 1 1 1
6-2r=5 r yy 26
Ü
3 2 2 5 P Q B
r=2 8x _6C2_3 _x =1080x
r=1 6x_6C1_3_xÝ`=108x5
P Q
x5
1080+108=1188 yy A

1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 4
6
(2x+1)Ü` {x+;[#;}
40`%
4 H4=7C4=35
6 A P Q
(2x+1)Ü` {x+;[#;} x5
40`% B
2 H2_3H1=3C2_3C1=9
x5 20`%
P Q A
B
15 9
35-9=26
8
(8-1)!=7! 2

2 A B
C D
a b c h a b
B C B
h d g c D

g f e f e d

9 A A

9_7!_2=18_7!=90720 8!
ÚA B =70
4!4!
16  U A B-A BC U
ÛA C B 1
B
A ÜA D B
A B 4! 4!
_ =16
(A B) 3! 3!

3 P3=33=27 70-(1+16)=53

135
 1 n(A)

2 ;3°6; ;9@; 3 ;5@; 4 ;9$;

1 2 7
2 12 120 10 5 ;5@; 6 ;2°7;
3 4 2

4 ;2!; ;3@; 5 6 C3=20

1 8

1 {(H H) (H T) (T H) (T T)} ;2¥0;=;5@;

{(H T) (T H)}
6 S n(S)=6Ü`=216
2 {1 2 4 5 7 10 14 20}
Ú 2
Z
/
{3 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19}
1 3 4 5 6 1_4_2!=8
{1 2 3 y 19 20}
Û 3

3 ;8#;
1 2 4 5 6 2_3_2!=12
2 Ü 4

S n(S)=6C2=15
1 A 1 2 3 5 6 3_2_2!=12

n(A)=2C1_4C1=8 Ý 5

n(A) 1 2 3 4 6 4_1_2!=8
P(A)= =;1¥5; ;1¥5;
n(S) 8+12+12+8
=;2°7;
216

4 ;4°2; 5 0.488
aÁ aª a£
1ÉaÁ<aª<a£É6 1Éa£<aª<aÁÉ6
2_6C3
=;2°7;
6Ü`

S
S={(1 1) (1 2) (1 3) y (6 5) (6 6)} 50 500
n(S)=36
4 A
A={(1 3) (2 2) (3 1)} n(A)=3
n(A) 히스토그램 시작 폭 히스토그램 시작 폭

P(A)= =;3£6;=;1Á2; 히스토그램 그래프 히스토그램 그래프

n(S) 사용자 계급 설정
계급 설정:
사용자 계급 설정
계급 설정:
≤x� ≤x�
�x≤ �x≤
도수 타입 도수 타입
누적 누적
도수 도수

6 1 0 상대 상대

136
 2
10 31 31 P5
1 31 5
A 6 P5
31

B A

P(A)=;1¢0; P(B)=;1¢0; P(A;B)=;1ª0; P(A)=1-P(A‚``)

P
=1- 31 5
31P5

P(A'B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A;B) =1-0.7121y=0.2878y
=;1¢0;+;1¢0;-;1ª0;=;1¤0;=;5#; 0.29

;5#;

1 0.45 2 ;6!; 3 ;5#;

3
1
A 3
B

1 P(A)+P(B)-P(A;B) P(A)+P(B) P(A)= ;6#; P(A;B)= ;6!;

1-P(A)
A B
2 ;2!0&; 3 ;1!5$; 4 3

5 ;1£0£0; 6 ;2!3!1*; P(A;B) ;6!;

P(B|A)= = =;3!; ;3!;
P(A) ;6#;

5 12=2Û`_3 12 2 3
2 A 3
B 1 ;8%; 2 ;3ª5; 3 ;7$;
P(A'B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A;B)

=;1°0¼0;+;1£0£0;-;1Á0¤0;=;1¤0¦0;
Ú
1-;1¤0¦0;=;1£0£0;
3 1 ;3!;
6 Û

12 6
;3@;_;2!;=;3!;
12 C6=924
C1_6C5 Ü
6
Ú 1 =;9£2¤4;
12C6

6 C3_6C3
Û 3 =;9$2)4);
12C6
;3@;_;2!;_;1!;=;3!;
6 C5_6C1
Ü 5 =;9£2¤4;
12C6

36+400+36
=;9$2&4@;=;2!3!1*;
924

137
 4
1 P(A;B) P(B|A) P(B)
1
2 0.2 3 ;5$; 4 ;5!5$; A={3 6} B={5 6}

5 ;4#; 6 ;3#7^; P(A)=;3!; P(B)=;3!;

P(A)P(B)=;3!;_;3!;=;9!;
6 A
B A;B={6} P(A;B)=;6!;

P(A)=;1»0; P(B)=;1Á0; P(A;B)+P(A)P(B) A B

P(E|A)=;1¥0; P(E|B)=;1ª0;
1

P(A;E)=P(A)P(E|A)=;1»0;_;1¥0;=;1¦0ª0; 2 0.28 0.20

P(B;E)=P(B)P(E|B)=;1Á0;_;1ª0;=;10@0;

(A‚``)‚``=A
P(E)=P(A;E)+P(B;E)
P(A‚``;B‚``)=P(B‚``)-P(A;B‚``)
=;1¦0ª0;+;10@0;=;1¦0¢0; =P(B‚``)-P(A)P(B‚``)
={1-P(A)}P(B‚``)
=P(A‚``)P(B‚``)
;1¦0ª0;
P(A;E)
P(A|E)= = =;3#7^; A‚`` B‚``
P(E) ;1¦0¢0;

6 A 6
A‚``
F

1 P(A)P(B) nCrpr(1-p)n-r

2 3 ;9@; 4 0.44

5 ;3¤1¢2¥5; 6 ;1Á2£5;

5 A 4 2 5 A 3
P(F)=P(A;F)+P(A‚``;F)=;1°2;+;5!;=;6#0&;
2
Y P(A‚``;F)=;5!;
C3{;5#;}Ü`{;5@;}Û`
5

6 ;5#;
;5!;
P(A‚``;F)
P(A‚``|F)= = =;3!7@;
P(F) ;6#0&; C3{;5#;}Ü`{;5@;}Û`_;5#;=5C3{;5#;}Ý`{;5@;}Û`=;3¤1¢2¥5;
5

138
6 1000 2
3 P(A)=1-P(A‚``)=1-;3»8;=;3@8(;
2 Û` Ú`
3C2{;5!;} {;5$;} =;1Á2ª5;

08 A A‚``
3 {;5!;}Ü`=;12!5;
4 3
C
;1Á2ª5;+;12!5;=;1Á2£5; P(A‚``)= 4 3 =;3¢5;
7C3

P(A)=1-P(A‚``)=1-;3¢5;=;3#5!;

01 02 03 04 05 09 P(A‚``;B‚``)=P((A'B)‚``)
06 07 08 09 10 =1-P(A'B)=;6!;

11 12 13 ;8%; 14 ;1!2#; 15 ;1¦0;

P(A'B)=;6%;

16 ;4#; P(A'B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A;B)
P(A;B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A'B)

05 3 1 =;2!;+;3@;-;6%;=;3!;
4 C3_4C1
8C4
;3!;
P(A;B)
P(A|B)= = =;2!;
4 0 P(B) ;3@;
4 C4
C4
8
10 3
0 4
A B
4C4
A;B 3 1
8C4

5C2 C_C
4C3_4C1+4C4+4C4
=;3»5; P(A)= =;9@; P(A;B)= 3 1 2 1 =;1ª5;
C2
10 10C2
8C4

06 X X f 5P5=5Þ`
a+b=5 f(a)=f(b) f(1)=f(4) P(A;B) ;1ª5;
P(B|A)= = =;5#;
P(A)
f(2)=f(3) ;9@;

f(1) f(2) f(4) f(3)

11 A B C
A B A C B C
f 1 2 3 4 5
5 1 2 5 3
P3=5Ü` ;5$;_;4#;_;1£0;+;5$;_;4!;_;1¦0;+;5!;_;4#;_;1¦0;=;4!0&;
5

5Ü`
=;2Á5;
5Þ` 12

07 11 A
A‚`` 10 ;3»6;=;4!;
C
P(A‚``)= 10 2 =;3»8; 1-;4!;=;4#;
20C2

139
 P (5 4) x 5 15 A A‚``
5
r (5-r) 5C2_5C2

2r-(5-r)=4 r=3 C2_3C2

5

C_C
5C3{;4#;}Ü`{;4!;}Û`=;5!1#2%; P(A‚``)= 5 2 3 2 =;1£0;
5C2_5C2

13 A B C A B
C A C P(A)=1-P(A‚``)=1-;1£0;=;1¦0;

40_0.5=20 n(A;C)=20 yy
16 A A M
B C
F
60_0.2=12 n(B;C)=12
100 C 20+12=32 P(A;M)=P(M)P(A|M)=;3@;_;1¤0;=;3!0@;
n(C)=32 yy
P(A;F)=P(F)P(A|F)=;3!;_;1¢0;=;3¢0;

P(A;C) ;1ª0¼0;
P(A|C)= = =;8%; yy P(A)=P(A;M)+P(A;F)=;3!0@;+;3¢0;=;3!0^;
P(C) ;1£0ª0;

P(A;M) ;3!0@;
P(M|A)= = =;1!6@;=;4#;
n(A;C) 30`% P(A) ;3!0^;
n(C) 40`%

P(A|C) 30`%

14 A B
P(A‚``;B)=P(A‚``)P(B)
={1-P(A)}P(B)
;2!;+;4!;+;8!;=;8&; ;8&; 1-;8&;=;8!; ;8&; ;8!; 7 1
P(A‚``;B‚``)=P(A‚``)P(B‚``)
={1-P(A)}{1-P(B)}
7 A 4 B 3
P(A)=x P(B)=y
Ú8 A 8
(1-x)y=;2!; yy
;2!;
(1-x)(1-y)=;6!; yy Û9 A 8
yy 9

x=P(A)=;3!; y=P(B)=;4#; ;2!;_;2!;=;4!;

P(A)+P(B)=;3!;+;4#;=;1!2#; yy A ;2!;+;4!;=;4#; B

1-;4#;=;4!;

P(A)=x P(B)=y x
A B
60`%
y ;4#; ;4!; 3`:`1
P(A)+P(B) 40`%

140
 1

2 ;4!; 3 ;2!;
1 ;1£0;
4
X 1 2 3
2 ;3!2@4%;
P(X=x) ;6!; ;2!; ;3!; 1 ;6%;
3 85 2
4 3 5
5 ;5%6%; 6 ;7^;

5 X 0 1 2 3
C0_3C3
1 P(X=0)= 5
8C3
=;5Á6;

C1_3C2
1 P(X=1)= 5 =;5!6%;
8C3

C2_3C1
P(X=2)= 5 =;2!8%;
8C3

2 C3_3C0
X 1 2 3 4 5 6 P(X=3)= 5 =;2°8;
8C3

P(X=x) ;3Á6; ;1Á2; ;3°6; ;3¦6; ;4!; ;3!6!; 1 X

X 0 1 2 3
;9%;
P(X=x) ;5Á6; ;5!6%; ;2!8%; ;2°8; 1

Ú P(X¾1)=1-P(X<1)

P(X=3)=2_{;2!;}Ý`=;8!; =1-P(X=0)

Û =1-;5Á6;=;5%6%;

P(X=4)=6_{;2!;}Ý`=;8#;
6 X 2 2'2 2'3
Ü 6_4C3
P(X=2)= =;7#;
8C3

6_2_2
P(X=2'2)= =;7#;
8C3
P(X=5)=6_{;2!;}Ý`=;8#; 8
P(X=2'3)= =;7!;
8 C3
Ý
X
P(X=6)=2_{;2!;}Ý`=;8!;
X 2 2'2 2'3
X
P(X=x) ;7#; ;7#; ;7!; 1
X 3 4 5 6
P(2ÉXÉ3)=P(X=2)+P(X=2'2)
P(X=x) ;8!; ;8#; ;8#; ;8!; 1
=;7#;+;7#;=;7^;

141
 2
1 aE(X) aÛ` |a|
1
'¶14
X 2 2 3 ;5(;
5

X 0 1 2 4 4 15 5 E(X)=;2&; E(Y)=350

P(X=x) ;4!; ;2!; ;4!; 1 6 ;2^7%;

X
5 X
E(X)=0_;4!;+1_;2!;+2_;4!;=1 1
X 1 2 3 4 5 6

P(X=x) ;6!; ;6!; ;6!; ;6!; ;6!; ;6!; 1

1 :Á7ª: 2 ;1#8%;
E(X)=1_;6!;+2_;6!;+3_;6!;+4_;6!;+5_;6!;+6_;6!;

3 V(X)=1 r(X)=1 =;2&;

Y=100X Y
4 E(X)=16 V(X)=19
E(Y)=E(100X)
=100E(X)
3
=100_;2&;=350
E(X)=2 V(X)=9 r(X)=3
E(Y)=E(4X-3)=4E(X)-3=5
V(Y)=V(4X-3)=4Û` V(X)=144 6 X 1 2 3 4

r(Y)=r(4X-3)=|4|r(X)=12 P(X=1)=;3!;

E(Y)=5 V(Y)=144 r(Y)=12

P(X=2)=;3@;_;3!;=;9@;

P(X=3)={;3@;}Û`_;3!;=;2¢7;
5 29 64 8
P(X=4)=1-{;3!;+;9@;+;2¢7;}=;2¥7;

X
A
X 1 2 3 4
TÁ Tª
88-50 P(X=x) ;3!; ;9@; ;2¢7; ;2¥7; 1
TÁ=20_ +100=138
20
278
88-56 E(X)=1_;3!;+2_;9@;+3_;2¢7;+4_;2¥7;
Tª=20_ +100=140
16
B =;2^7%;
T£ T¢
84-50
T£=20_ +100=134
20
279
92-56
T¢=20_ +100=145
16
3
B
1 100 ;10!0; 20 ;5$;

142
 1 5 E(X)=12 r(X)='3

6
6 20
;6!; X

X
B{6 ;6!;} X 7 n=30 P{|
30
-;6!;|<0 05}=0.537

6 X
[( 6C0{;6%;} (x=0) n=50 P{| -;6!;|<0 05}=0.66
50
\ x 6-x X
P(X=x)={ 6Cx{;6!;} {;6%;} (0<x<6) n=10 30 50 P{| -;6!;|<0 05}
n
\ 6 0.291 0.537 0.66 n
9 6C6{;6!;} (x=6)
1
P(X¾5)=P(X=5)+P(X=6)
5 1 6
=6C5{;6!;} {;6%;} +6C6{;6!;}

31
= 1 n p
6ß`
5
31 [( 5C0{;3@;} (x=0)
6ß` \ x 5-x
2 P(X=x)={ 5Cx{;3!;} {;3@;} (0<x<5)
\ 5

[( 3C0{;5@;}
3
(x=0)
9 5C5{;3!;} (x=5)

\ x 3-x ;2!4#3!;
2 P(X=x)={ 3Cx{;5#;} {;5@;} (0<x<3)
\ 3 E(X)=20 V(X)=12 4
15
3
213
9 3C3{;5#;} (x=3)
5 4000 6 20
;1¥2Á5;
6 20 P 2
Y P 1
3 ;4!;
20-Y
P 2Y-(20-Y) 3Y-20
5'6
4 E(X)=5 V(X)=:ª6°: r(X)= X=3Y-20
6
E(X)=50 V(X)=40 r(X)=2'¶10 Y B{20 ;3@;}

2 E(Y)=20_;3@;=:¢3¼:

45
E(X)=E(3Y-20)=3E(Y)-20
;3!; X B{45 ;3!;}
=3_:¢3¼:-20=20

E(X)=45_;3!;=15
4

r(X)=®É45_;3!;_;3@;='¶10 1 ;8!; ;1£6;

E(X)=15 r(X)='¶10
2 mÁ=mª<m£ rÁ>rª=r£

143
3 0.1525 0.9544
0.95 0.063
1 N(m rÛ`) N(0 1) N(np npq)

3 2 2 ;4#; 3 0.8185 0.6915

X-10 4 53.28`% 6.68`% 5 0.8664

Z= N(0 1)
4 6 10.8
6-10 14-10
P(6ÉXÉ14)=P{ ÉZÉ }
4 4
5 450 4
=P(-1ÉZÉ1)
=2P(0ÉZÉ1) X X B{450 ;3!;}
=2_0.3413=0.6826 0.6826 m r

m=450_;3!;=150 r=®É450_;3!;_;3@;=10
4 0.8185 0.0062
n X
0.6915 0.1359
N(150 10Û`)

5 0.2902
P(135ÉXÉ165)
135-150 165-150
=P{ ÉZÉ }
10 10
Ú k=1 =P(-1.5ÉZÉ1.5)

P(m-rÉXÉm+r)=P(-1ÉZÉ1) =2P(0ÉZÉ1.5)

=2P(0ÉZÉ1) =2_0.4332=0.8664

=2_0.3413=0.6826
Û k=2
6 A B X Y
P(m-2rÉXÉm+2r)=P(-2ÉZÉ2)
A d
=2P(0ÉZÉ2)
d-10
P(X¾d)=P{Z¾ }
=2_0.4772=0.9544 0.4
Ü k=3 B d
P(m-3rÉXÉm+3r)=P(-3ÉZÉ3) d-12
P(YÉd)=P{ZÉ }
=2P(0ÉZÉ3) 0.6
d-10 d-12
=2_0.4987=0.9974 + =0
0.4 0.6
2P(0ÉZÉk)=0.95 P(0ÉZÉk)=0.475 3(d-10)+2(d-12)=0 d=10.8
0.475 k
k=1.96

f(x)=ax(6-x) (0ÉxÉ6) :)6``f(x)dx=1

6
B{180 ;6%;} m=150 r=10 N(150 10Û`)
:)6``ax(6-x)dx=a[3xÛ`-;3!; xÜ`]6)=36a=1
B{400 ;2!;} m=150 r=5 N(200 10Û`)
a=;3Á6;
B{450 ;3!;} m=200 r=10 N(150 5Û`)
P(1ÉXÉ4)=:!4``;3Á6; x(6-x)dx

=;3Á6;[3xÛ`-;3!; xÜ`]4!=;3@;
7 0.9938

144
 5 6
1 1 78.71ÉmÉ81.29

2 2 68.88ÉmÉ71.12 km h)

1
n=100 xÕ=32 s=5 P m

95`%
5 5
32-1.96_ ÉmÉ32+1.96_
'¶100 '¶100
3 E(XÕ)=84 V(XÕ)=;2#5^;
31.02ÉmÉ32.98

4 0.6826 99`%
5 5
32-2 58_ ÉmÉ32+2 58_
'¶100 '¶100
30.71ÉmÉ33.29
P(9ÉXÕÉ11) P(13ÉXÕÉ15)
31.02ÉmÉ32.98
n=9 0.1974 0.121
30.71ÉmÉ33.29
n=36 0.383 0.0606

n 3 64.02ÉmÉ65.98
63.71ÉmÉ66.29

xÕ r n
m
rÛ` r
1 m r r
n '§n xÕ-k_ ÉmÉxÕ+k_ k
'§n '§n
2 E(XÕ)=20 r(XÕ)=;2!; 3 E(XÕ)=3 V(XÕ)=;5@;

4 0.1587 5 0.0228 6 228 r

b-a=2k_
'§n
6 9 n

693`g XÁ+Xª+`y`+X»É693 xÕ
XÁ+Xª+`y`+X» k
XÕ=
9
P(9XÕÉ693)=P(XÕÉ77)
77-85
=P ZÉ
{ 12 }
'9
=P(ZÉ-2)=P(Z¾2)
r r
1 xÕ-1.96 xÕ+1.96
=0.5-P(0ÉZÉ2) '§n '§n
=0.5-0.4772=0.0228 r r
xÕ-2.58 xÕ+2.58
'§n '§n
0.0228
2 44.14ÉmÉ45.86 3 25
4 252.42ÉmÉ257.58 g) 5 4
10000_0.0228=228

145
4 m 95`% 08 X X
253.04ÉmÉ256.96 X-60
N(60 10Û`) Z=
253.04+256.96 10
xÕ= =255
2 N(0 1)
10 80-60
1 96_ =256.96-255=1.96 n=100 P(X¾80)=P{Z¾ }
'§n 10
m 99`% =P(Z¾2)
10 10 =0.5-P(0ÉZÉ2)
255-2.58_ ÉmÉ255+2.58_
'§100 '§100
=0.5-0.4772
252.42ÉmÉ257.58
=0.0228
80
5 r=5 nÁ nª xÁÕ
10000_0.0228=228
xªÕ m 95`%
5 5
xÁ-
Õ 1.96_ ÉmÉxÁ+
Õ 1.96_
'§nÁ '§nÁ 09 m=1800_;3!;=600
5 5
xªÕ-1.96_ ÉmÉxªÕ+1.96_
'§nª '§nª r=®É1800_;3!;_;3@;=20
5 5
2{1.96_ }`:`2{1.96_ }=1`:`2 X N(600 20Û`)
'§nÁ '§nª
1 1
`` =1` `2 nÁ=4nª
'§nÁ '§nª
nÁ P(580ÉXÉ630)
=4
nª
580-600 630-600
=P{ ÉZÉ }
20 20
=P(-1ÉZÉ1.5)
=P(0ÉZÉ1)+P(0ÉZÉ1.5)
01 02 03 04 05 =0.3413+0.4332
06 07 08 09 10 =0.7745
11 12 13 2
14 s=12 395.84ÉmÉ406.16 g) 15 193.01 10 E(XÕ)=40
5
r(XÕ)= =0.5
05 V(X)=36_0.1_(1-0.1)=3.24 '§100
r(X)="ÃV(X)='Ä3.24=1.8 XÕ N(40 0.5Û`)

07 P(0ÉXÉ2) P(39.1ÉXÕÉ41.2)
39.1-40 41.2-40
=P{ ÉZÉ }
y 0.5 0.5
=P(-1.8ÉZÉ2.4)
1 y=f(x)
2 =P(0ÉZÉ1.8)+P(0ÉZÉ2.4)
O 2 4 x
=0.4641+0.4918

f(x)=-;8!; x+;2!; =0.9559

f(2)=;4!;
11 n=36 xÕ=32 s=3
3 3
32-1.96_ ÉmÉ32+1.96_
'§36 '§36
P(0ÉXÉ2)=;2!;_{;2!;+;4!;}_2=;4#; 31.02ÉmÉ32.98

146
12 r=50 m 95`% m 99`%
50 50 12 12
xÕ-1.96_ ÉmÉxÕ+1.96_ 401-2.58_ ÉmÉ401+2.58_
'§n '§n '¶36 '¶36
xÕ m 395.84ÉmÉ406.16 yy
50
|x-
Õ m|É1.96_
'§n
50 s 60`%
1 96_ É5
'§n
m 99`% 40`%
5'§n¾50_1 96 n¾384 16
n 385
12
15 E(XÕ)=200 r(XÕ)= =3
'¶16
13 X 1 2 3 4 yy
XÕ N(200 3Û`)
X 1 2 3 4
0.01
P(X=1)=;5@; P(XÕ<a)=0.01
a-200
P(X=2)=;5#;_;4@;=;1£0; P(XÕ<a)=P{Z< }=0.01
3

P(X=3)=;5#;_;4@;_;3@;=;5!;
P(0ÉZÉ2.33)=0.49
P(X=4)=;5#;_;4@;_;3!;_;2@;=;1Á0; P(ZÉ-2.33)=P(Z¾2.33)

X =0.5-P(0ÉZÉ2.33)
=0.01
X 1 2 3 4
a-200
=-2.33 a=193.01
3
P(X=x) ;5@; ;1£0; ;5!; ;1Á0; 1

yy
X

E(X)=1_;5@;+2_;1£0;+3_;5!;+4_;1Á0;

=;1@0);=2 yy

X 20`% 30

X 40`%

X 40`%

14 f≈ =CONFIDENCE(0.05, 11.49, 30)

A B C D E F G H I
1 182.4 214.8 222.0 233.9 228.6 226.7 222.60
2 222.0 231.0 219.0 230.7 235.0 225.1 11.49
14 n=36 xÕ=401 m 95`% 3
4
224.0
215.9
209.2
235.8
226.3
232.7
212.0 235.0 224.0
205.2 222.0 215.3 4.11
5 214.1 231.1 233.1 230.1 230.5 210.4
6
cm)
s s
401-1.96_ ÉmÉ401+1.96_
'¶36 '¶36
s m
401-1.96_ =397.08
6 95`%
s
1.96_ =401-397.08=3.92 222.6-4.11ÉmÉ222.6+4.11
6
3.92_6 218.49ÉmÉ226.71
s= =12 yy
1.96

147
 1 e- 2
f(z)= P(0äZäz)
2p

0 z Z P(0ÉZÉz)

z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
0.0 .0000 .0040 .0080 .0120 .0160 .0199 .0239 .0279 .0319 .0359
0.1 .0398 .0438 .0478 .0517 .0557 .0596 .0636 .0675 .0714 .0753
0.2 .0793 .0832 .0871 .0910 .0948 .0987 .1026 .1064 .1103 .1141
0.3 .1179 .1217 .1255 .1293 .1331 .1368 .1406 .1443 .1480 .1517
0.4 .1554 .1591 .1628 .1664 .1700 .1736 .1772 .1808 .1844 .1879
0.5 .1915 .1950 .1985 .2019 .2054 .2088 .2123 .2157 .2190 .2224
0.6 .2257 .2291 .2324 .2357 .2389 .2422 .2454 .2486 .2517 .2549
0.7 .2580 .2611 .2642 .2673 .2704 .2734 .2764 .2794 .2823 .2852
0.8 .2881 .2910 .2939 .2967 .2995 .3023 .3051 .3078 .3106 .3133
0.9 .3159 .3186 .3212 .3238 .3264 .3289 .3315 .3340 .3365 .3389
1.0 .3413 .3438 .3461 .3485 .3508 .3531 .3554 .3577 .3599 .3621
1.1 .3643 .3665 .3686 .3708 .3729 .3749 .3770 .3790 .3810 .3830
1.2 .3849 .3869 .3888 .3907 .3925 .3944 .3962 .3980 .3997 .4015
1.3 .4032 .4049 .4066 .4082 .4099 .4115 .4131 .4147 .4162 .4177
1.4 .4192 .4207 .4222 .4236 .4251 .4265 .4279 .4292 .4306 .4319
1.5 .4332 .4345 .4357 .4370 .4382 .4394 .4406 .4418 .4429 .4441
1.6 .4452 .4463 .4474 .4484 .4495 .4505 .4515 .4525 .4535 .4545
1.7 .4554 .4564 .4573 .4582 .4591 .4599 .4608 .4616 .4625 .4633
1.8 .4641 .4649 .4656 .4664 .4671 .4678 .4686 .4693 .4699 .4706
1.9 .4713 .4719 .4726 .4732 .4738 .4744 .4750 .4756 .4761 .4767
2.0 .4772 .4778 .4783 .4788 .4793 .4798 .4803 .4808 .4812 .4817
2.1 .4821 .4826 .4830 .4834 .4838 .4842 .4846 .4850 .4854 .4857
2.2 .4861 .4864 .4868 .4871 .4875 .4878 .4881 .4884 .4887 .4890
2.3 .4893 .4896 .4898 .4901 .4904 .4906 .4909 .4911 .4913 .4916
2.4 .4918 .4920 .4922 .4925 .4927 .4929 .4931 .4932 .4934 .4936
2.5 .4938 .4940 .4941 .4943 .4945 .4946 .4948 .4949 .4951 .4952
2.6 .4953 .4955 .4956 .4957 .4959 .4960 .4961 .4962 .4963 .4964
2.7 .4965 .4966 .4967 .4968 .4969 .4970 .4971 .4972 .4973 .4974
2.8 .4974 .4975 .4976 .4977 .4977 .4978 .4979 .4979 .4980 .4981
2.9 .4981 .4982 .4982 .4983 .4984 .4984 .4985 .4985 .4986 .4986
3.0 .4987 .4987 .4987 .4988 .4988 .4989 .4989 .4989 .4990 .4990
3.1 .4990 .4991 .4991 .4991 .4992 .4992 .4992 .4992 .4993 .4993
3.2 .4993 .4993 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4995 .4995 .4995
3.3 .4995 .4995 .4995 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4997

148