WATER AND ENERGY

INTERNATIONAL Monthly Journal of CBIP

VOLUME 66/RNI, NO. 7 ISSN: 0974-4711

October 2023 Pages : 84 Rs. 250/-

Inauguration of International Conference on “Cyber Security in Power Sector - Collaboration is

the Key to Success - 12th October, 2023, New Delhi

Shri Ghanshyam Prasad, Chairperson, CEA, Shri S.R. Narasimhan, CMD, GRID-INDIA,
delivering Inaugural address addressing during Inaugural session

A TED SER
IC V
CENTRAL BOARD OF IRRIGATION & POWER
D

IC
DE

NEW DELHI
96
Years

15 www.cbip.org
 INCOLD cordially invites all to attend
92nd ICOLD Annual Meeting & International Symposium on

Dams for People, Water, Environment

and Development

October 18-24, 2024 – New Delhi, INDIA

Symposium Theme WORKSHOP TOPICS

Dams for People, Water, Environment and Development • Application of Geosynthetics in Dam Engineering
• Integrated Reservoir Management (Basin Approach) • Risk Informed Dam Safety Management
• Dams and Renewable Energy • Tailing Dam Safety
• Dam Safety Management and Engineering • Dam Repairs and Rehabilitation - Deciding Design and
• Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Safety Criteria
• Evolving with Modern Technology for Construction of Dams • Seismic Response Analysis of Dam – Numerical analysis
• Dams and People • Sedimentation Management in Reservoirs for Sustainable
• Dams and Climate Change Adaptation Development
• Dam Engineering and Construction • Pumped hydropower Storage - The need to support high
penetration of renewable energy
• Environmental and Social Aspects
SPECIAL SESSIONS
• Innovative Financing of Dam Projects
Abstract Submission Deadline - 31st December 2023
Supported by Organized by Hosted by in collaboration with

INCOLD
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BBMB
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Plot No. 4, Institutional Area, CBIP Building, Malcha Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India - 110 021
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For information, please contact:
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 Monthly Journal – October 2023

Central Board of Irrigation & Power

Office bearers
President : Mr. Ghanshyam Prasad, Chairperson, CEA
Sr. Vice President : Mr. Kushvinder Vohra, Chairman, CWC
Vice President : Mr. R.K Vishnoi, CMD, THDC India Ltd.
Vice President : Mr. Bhopal Singh, DG, National Water Development Agency
Vice President : Mr. Sanjay Sharma, Director-Solar, Solar Energy
Corporation of India Limited
Vice President : Mr. Anil Kumar Pandey, MD, Jindal Power Limited
Secretary : Mr. A.K. Dinkar
Director (WR) : Mr. K.K. Singh
Director (Energy) : Mr. Sanjeev Singh

• The statements and opinions From Editor’s Desk

expressed in this Journal are not
necessarily of Central Board of Mr. A.K. Dinkar, Secretary, CBIP 3
Irrigation & Power.
Articles
• Reproduction of articles from Water
and Energy International is subject Water Resources Section
to approval of the Editor.
352 Beyond Water Wars: Towards a New Narrative
in Water Innovation – Parikshit Sharma 6
• Interested authors from India and
abroad are requested to contribute 353 Appraisal of Groundwater Appropriateness for
Consumptive and Construction by Applying
their articles to this Journal and
Quality, Saturation, and Stability Indices –
send the same to Secretary, Central
Venkatesha Raju K, Santhosh M. B, Suresh R,
Board of Irrigation & Power, well in
Nandan Kumar M J and Vishruth V 11
advance.
354 Assessment of Water Energy Food Nexus at
Farm Level for Sustainable Agriculture –
All communications should be Priyadharshini N and Arun Babu E 18
addressed to :
Secretary
Central Board of Irrigation & Power
Malcha Marg, Chanakyapuri
EDITORIAL BOARD
New Delhi 110 021
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Mr. Avinash C. Tyagi, Former Secretary General,
Fax : 91-11-2611 6347 International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage
Mr. Manoj Aggarwal, Professor in Charge – Institute
E-mail : cbip@cbip.org Incubation and Innovation Council, IIT Jammu
Website : www.cbip.org Mr. D.K. Chaturvedi, Former General Manager, NTPC Ltd.
Mr. Amandeep Singh, DGM, POWERGRID
Total Pages 84 Dr. Rajesh Arora, Sr. Manager, Delhi Transco Ltd.

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 C O N T E N T S (contd.)

Energy Section
355 Enhancing Heat Exchanger Performance in High Silt Conditions : Implementation of Wide
Gap Technology at Chutak Power Station for Improved Efficiency and Minimized Maintenance –
Lakesh Kumar and S.R. Naidu 28
356 Fully Indigenous Indian Solar Thermal Grid – Aseem Kumar Sharma 34
357 Investigating the Impact of Various Parameters on the Thermal Performance of Helical
Earth Air Heat Exchanger using Computational Fluid Dynamics – Gagan Kumar,
Jitendra Kumar and Rohit Sharma 38
358 Electricity Generation in thermal power plants from agriculture residue-based Biomass:
Techno-Economic Aspects & Contribution in Sustainable Development Goals –
Amit Kulshreshtha, Atul Agrawal, Kanchan Saxena and S R Dhakate 45
359 Two Magnetic Saturation Models of a Six-Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator:
Comparison and Experimental Validation – Mohd Sartaj, Mohd Faisal Khan,
Mohd Rizwan Khan 51
– Extract Discussion of Experts …. on Power Engineers Whats-App group
“SPARK…Ignited to Share” 59

news letter

Water Resources Section

Workshop on Tailings Dam Safety, 12-13 October 2023, New Delhi 63

Energy Section
International Conference on Cyber Security in Power Sector – Collaboration is the Key to
Success, 12 October 2023, New Delhi 68
CBIP Activities during October-November 2023 72

statistical data
• Water Resources Section 74
• Energy Section 75

Water & Energy Abstracts

• Water Resources Section 77
• Energy Section 78

Far & Near in Water and Energy

• News - Water Resources Section 79
• News - Energy Section 81

4 WATER and ENERGY INTERNATIONAL October 2023

w&e internatioNal (Energy section)

Fully Indigenous Indian Solar Thermal Grid

Aseem Kumar Sharma1

Abstract
There is a need in India for maximum utilization of renewable energy sources using indigenous equipment. Solar
Thermal Energy provides such an opportunity since needed mirrors, trackers & other required equipment are now being
manufactured in India. Desert, arid & dry land in India is ideal site for Solar Thermal Plants avoiding encroachment of
agricultural land. This paper attempts to look at the concept of interconnecting such Solar Thermal Plants to form a
continuous energy grid. This grid unifies Solar Thermal heat capture, heat storage, transmission & usage. The Solar
Thermal Grid is envisaged to be suitable to receive, store & transmit heat energy from various types of Solar Thermal
Plants. The Solar Thermal Plants envisaged along the
Concentration route
Solar are rated
Central at 6MW
Receiver programThermal each & located
[34]. However, at 1kminintervals.
it was curtailed 2007 due to
Thus around 3000 no’s Solar Thermal Plants are envisaged along the 3000
change in priorities of the stakeholders. km Hanumangarh- Kolar route & more can be
further increased by addition of branches to the route. The Solar Thermal Grid is suitable for delivery of heat to present
& future industries along the route. In 2013 & beyond, a beam down setup at a scale of 600 kWh at the Khalifa University
Masdar Institute Solar Platform testing site was attempted in UAE. A 2021 paper
Dispatchable solar power using molten salt directly irradiated from above describes the
(A) Introduction B. Linear Fresnel Type [4] program was undertaken in Egypt
same.[35] Development of the set up is also being attempted in Bhabha Atomic Research
Energy security is of strategic value for C. Parabolic Trough supported by U.S./Israel Science and
Centre in Mumbai, India.Type
[16] [3,6]
India in the modern world. Reliance on D. Dish Type Technology Foundation (USISTF) High
The details of the other types of Solar Thermal Plants (detailed in references
Concentration cited above)
Solar Central is
Receiver
imported fuel is a cause for concern &
Beam down
not discussed hereSolar
as the focus
Tower is onwas
Solarfirst
Thermal Grid which
program is However,
[34]. adaptable toitall
wastypes of
curtailed
all efforts must be made to reduce the
plants mentioned
attempted above.
in Israel in 1989 at WIS leading in 2007 due to change in priorities of the
same.
to a 500 KW facility [32]. Further, in stakeholders.
Solar energy has been considered as 1995, Noor al Salaam (“Light of Peace”)
one of the alternatives. Solar PV in India
depends heavily on imported materials
such as Ingots, Wafers, Cells & Modules.
Hence Solar thermal needs to be in focus
with indigenous components.
Desert, arid & dry land in India is ideal
site for Solar Thermal Plants avoiding
encroachment of agricultural land. This
paper attempts to look at the concept
of interconnecting such Solar Thermal
Plants to form a continuous energy grid.
This grid unifies Solar Thermal heat
capture, heat storage & usage.
Solar Thermal Plant aims at capturing
the thermal energy from the sun & store
it for use as & when needed.
There is a need in India for maximum
utilization of renewable energy sources
using indigenous equipment. Solar
Thermal Energy provides such an
opportunity since needed mirrors,
trackers & other required equipment are
now being manufactured in India.
The Solar Thermal Grid is envisaged to
receive, store & transmit thermal energy
from following types of Solar Thermal
Plants –
A. Beam down Solar Tower Figure1 Fig. 1 - Indian
- Indian Solar Thermal
Solar Thermal Grid proposed
Grid proposed route route with map
with map of zones
of arid arid zones
[16,29,30,31,32]

1. Executive Director – Spectron Engineers, Mumbai, India

34 WATER and ENERGY INTERNATIONAL October 2023 A - 356

 w&e internatioNal (Energy section)

In 2013 & beyond, a beam down setup also being attempted in Bhabha Atomic (B) Indian Solar Thermal Grid
at a scale of 600 kWh at the Khalifa Research Centre in Mumbai, India. [16]
The main features of Solar Thermal Grid
University Masdar Institute Solar The details of the other types of Solar are as follows-
Platform testing site was attempted Thermal Plants (detailed in references
in UAE. A 2021 paper Dispatchable 1. The receiver module shown in Figure
cited above) is not discussed here as
solar power using molten salt directly 4 is one of the options for beam down
the focus is on Solar Thermal Grid
irradiated from above describes the type Solar Thermal Plant. There can
which is adaptable to all types of plants
same.[35] Development of the set up is be other variations to the same. For
mentioned above.
other types of Solar Thermal Plants
listed above, receiver module will
have design as needed. [1,2,4,5,6,7,
8,10,14,15,17,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,
26,27,28]
2. The heat transfer media in the
stainless-steel pipes shown can be
molten salt.
3. In place of sand, gravel or small rock
pieces can also be used as a filler.
Figure 2 - Block diagram of Solar Thermal Grid 4. Vacuum in double walled concrete
acts as insulation.
Fig. 2 - Block diagram of Solar Thermal Grid 5. The route shown in Figure 1 from
Figure 2 - Block diagram of Solar Thermal Grid Hanumangarh to Kolar is 3000 km or
more & envisaged to pass through
Bikaner, Barmer, Udaipur, Ratlam,
Dhule, Ahmednagar, Vijayapura,
Hospete & Pavagada. It has
branches towards Bhuj, Jamnagar
& Bhavnagar. It can have more
branches as needed.
6. The Solar Thermal Plants envisaged
along the route are rated at 6MW
Thermal each & located at 1km
intervals. Thus around 3000 no’s
Solar Thermal Plants are envisaged
along the 3000 km Hanumangarh
Kolar route & more can be added by
addition of branches to the route.
Fig. 3 – Transmission & storage module 7. This may result in heat output of
Figure 3 – Transmission & storage module
more than 18 GW corresponding
to Power Plant Electrical output
of 6GW. The direct use of heat for
process customers along the route
should be preferred over Power
Figure 3 – Transmission & storage module Plants for better efficiency. Tap off for
thermal energy with output modules
can be planned along the route to
cater to 3000 or more no’s customers
utilizing thermal energy in the form of
steam or others.
8. A temperature of 400 deg C is
envisaged to be maintained 24x7
through the year in the molten salt
media along the entire Solar Thermal
Grid route.
Figure 4Fig. 4 - Receiver
- Receiver module
module for for Beam down
Beam down

A - 356 WATER and ENERGY INTERNATIONAL October 2023 35

c) Indian Solar Thermal Grid
The main features of Solar Thermal Grid are as follows-
w&e internatioNal (Energy section)

9. The Solar Thermal Grid is suitable for pollution caused by burning coal is reffit.2017.02.002
delivering heat to following industries also to be considered. 5. Thermal energy storage materials and
along its route – 5. The Solar Thermal Grid is scalable systems Thomas Bauer, Wolf-Dieter
(a) Thermal Power Plants as it can be expanded to hundred Steinmann, Doerte Laing, Rainer
(b) Refineries times bigger or more considering Tamme, https://doi.org/10.1615/
arid land & ample sunshine available nnualRevHeatTransfer.2012004651
(c) Fertilizer
in India. 6. Survey of Thermal Storage for
(d) Food Processing
6. The mass manufacturing of Parabolic Trough Power Plants
(e) Water desalination components can easily be done by Period of Performance: September
(f) Plastic waste pyrolysis standardization in design. 13, 1999 -June 12, 2000, September
2000, NREL/SR-550-27925
(g) Biogas plants (D) Conclusion-
7. High Temperature Thermal Energy
(h) Other heat consumers Fully Indigenous Indian Solar Thermal
Storage (HTTES) Technology
10. First Priority need to be given to Grid may go a long way in comprehensive
introduction, http://www.storasol.
direct use of heat in industry & power utilization of an abundant source of
com/
generation has to be given second energy without encroaching upon
agricultural land. A pilot project of 10km 8. A Review of Solar Collectors and
priority along the route, the former
route length should be undertaken at Thermal Energy Storage in Solar
being a more efficient choice. 18GW
the earliest to optimize the design of Thermal Applications Y. Tian, C.Y.
heat output is equivalent of more
receiver, transmission, storage & output Zhao, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.
than 17 million tons of coal per year.
modules. It will also establish the efficacy apenergy.2012.11.051
The strategic importance of the Solar
Thermal Grid for India is obvious of different types of Solar Thermal 9. Prototype Steam Turbine
considering India imports more than Plants. The adverse climatic conditions for Solar Power Production,
160 million ton of coal per year. of arid lands can thus be converted into Kawira Millien, https://doi.
Considering the below-mentioned to an opportunity. Various technologies org/10.1155/2020/4589281
[33]substantial coal consumption mentioned here with references have 10. Thermal Energy Storage Materials
of states, getting consumers for the already been tried in India & abroad on (TESMs)—What Does It Take to
thermal grid does not appear to be a limited scale & there is a need now to Make Them Fly? Saman Nimali
an issue. apply them on a larger scale. Gunasekara, Camila Barreneche, A.
Rajasthan – 25 million tons Inés Fernández, Alejandro Calderón,
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