Exercises Assertion and Reason Directions Choose the correct option. (@) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion. (0) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion. (©) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false. @ If Assertion is false but the Reason is true. 1. Assertion : A particle follows only a parabolic path if acceleration is constant. Reason : In projectile motion path is parabolic, as acceleration is assumed to be constant at low heights. 2, Assertion : Projectile motion is called a two dimensional motion, although it takes place in space. Reason : In space it takes place in a plane. 3. Assertion : If time of flight in a projectile motion is made two times, its maximum height will become four times. Reason : In projectile motion H « T?, where H is maximum height and T the time of flight. 4, Assertion: A particle is projected with velocity u at angle 45° with ground. Let v be the velocity of particle at time ¢(¢ 0), then value of u-- vcan be zero. Reason : Value of dot product is zero when angle between two vectors is 90°. 5. Assertion : A particle has constant acceleration is x-y plane. But neither of its acceleration ‘components (a, and a,) is zero. Under this condition particle cannot have parabolic path. Reason : In projectile motion, horizontal component of acceleration is zero. 6. Assertion : In projectile motion at any two positions an always remains constant. Reason : The given quantity acceleration is constant. 7. Assertion : Particle Ais projected upwards. Simultaneously particle Bis projected as projectile as shown. Particle A returns to ground in 4 s. At the ZEN same time particle B collides with A Maximum height H attained by B would be 20 m. (g= 10 ms~*) 8 A Reason : Speed of projection of both the particles should be same under the given condition. average acceleration, which should remain constant as 8. Assertion : Two projectiles have maximum heights 4H and H respectively. The ratio of their horizontal components of velocities should be 1: 2 for their horizontal ranges to be same. Reason : Horizontal range = horizontal component of velocity x time of flight. @ scanned with OKEN Scanner9. Assertion : If g: change by 10 ms", Reason: Acceleration is nothing but rate of change of velocity. 10. Assertion: In projectile motion if particle is projected with speed u, then speed of particle at height h would be yu? ~ 2gh. Reason: If particle is projected with vertical component of velocity u,. Then vertical component at the height h would be + Ju? - 2gh 0 m/s? then in projectile motion speed of particle in every second will Objective Questions Single Correct Option 1. Identify the correct statement related to the projectile motion. (@) It is uniformly accelerated everywhere () It is uniformly accelerated everywhere except at the highest position where it is moving with constant velocity (©) Acceleration is never perpendicular to velocity @ None of the above 2. Two bodies are thrown with the same initial velocity at angles @ and (90° - 6) respectively with the horizontal, then their maximum heights are in the ratio (1:1 &) sin@: cos8 (© sin®6: cos”@ (@) cos :sin@ 3. The range of a projectile at an angle @ is equal to half of the maximum range if thrown at the same speed. The angle of projection @ is given by (@) 15° (b) 30° © 60° (@ data insufficient 4. A ball is projected with a velocity 20 ms“ at an angle to the horizontal. In order to have the maximum range. Its velocity at the highest position must be (a) 10 ms (b) 14m: (© 18ms (@) 16 ms 5. A particle has initial velocity, v= 3i + 4 and a constant force F = 41 — 3jacts on it. The path of the particle is (a) straight line (b) parabolic © cireular (@ elliptical 6. A body is projected at an angle 60° with the horizontal with kinetic energy K. When the velocity makes an angle 30° with the horizontal, the kinetic energy of the body will be (a) K/2 (b) K/3 (0) 2K/3 (a) 3Ki4 7. IfT, and 7; are the times of flight for two complementary angles, then the range of projectile Ris given by () R=4g7,7, @) R=2e7,7, @R=t ehh, @R=3 ent 8. A gun is firing bullets with velocity uy by rotating it through 360° in the horizontal plane. The maximum area covered by the bullets is @ = 28 ox @ze & a & & 9. A grass hopper can jump maximum distance 1.6 m. It spends negligible time on ground. How far can it goin 10Vs? (@) 45 m ) 30m (20m (40m @ scanned with OKEN Scanner10. Two stones are projected with the same speed but making different angles with the horizontal. ‘Their horizontal ranges are equal. The angle of projection of one is © and the maximum height reached by it is 102 m. Then the maximum height reached by the other in metres is (76 84 ©56 (@ 34 14. A ball is projected upwards from the top of a tower with a velocity 50 ms“ making an angle 30° with the horizontal. The height of tower is 70 m. After how many seconds from the instant of throwing, will the ball reach the ground. (g= 10 ms") @2s 5s 7s @9s 12, Average velocity of a particle in projectile motion between its starting point and the highest point of its trajectory is (projection speed = u, angle of projection from horizontal = 6) (@) u cos ©) 5 Vi + Beast (5 B+ cos (5 t+ cose 13. A train is moving on a track at 30 ms”, A ball is thrown from it perpendicular to the direction of motion with 30 ms” at 45° from horizontal. Find the distance of ball from the point of projection on train to the point where it strikes the ground. (@) 90m 0)90V3 m © 60m (@60¥3 m 14, A body is projected at time ¢ = Ofrom a certain point on a planet's surface with a certain velocity at a certain angle with the planet's surface (assumed horizontal). The horizontal and vertical displacements x and y (in metre) respectively vary with time ¢ in second as, x= (10/3) t and y=10t—¢?, The maximum height attained by the body is (@) 75 m (®) 100 m ©50m (25m 15. A particle is fired horizontally from an inclined plane of inclination 30° with horizontal with speed 50 ms”. If g= 10 ms~*, the range measured along the incline is (2) 500 m 0 (92002 m (@) 1004 m 16. A fixed mortar fires a bomb at an angle of 53° above the horizontal with a muzzle velocity of 80 me", A tank is advancing directly towards the mortar on level ground at a constant speed of 5 m/s. The initial separation (at the instant mortar is fired) between the mortar and tank, s0 that the tank would be hit is [Take g= 10 ms] (a) 662.4 m (b) 526.3 m (©) 486.6 m (@) None of these Subjective Questions 1, At time t = 0, a small ball is projected from point A with a velocity of 60 m/s at 60° angle with horizontal. Neglect atmospheric resistance and determine the two times f, and t, when the velocity of the ball makes an angle of 45° with the horizontal x-axis. 2. A particle is projected from ground with velocity 20V2 m/s at 45°. At what time particle is at height 15 m from ground? (g= 10 m/s) @ scanned with OKEN Scanner3. A particle is projected at an angle 60° with horizontal with a speed v= 20 mls. Taking g= 10 m/s". Find the time after which the speed of the particle remains half ofits initial speed. 4. particles A and B are projected from ground towards each other with speeds 10 m/s and 5,/2 m/s at angles 30° and 45° with horizontal from two points separated by a distance of 15 m. Will they collide or not? 52 mis toms 4 e B 1+#$—__— 15m 5. Two particles move in a uniform gravitational field with an acceleration g. At the initial moment the particles were located over a tower at one point and moved with velocities vu, = 3 m/s and v, = 4 m/s horizontally in opposite directions. Find the distance between the particles at the moment when their velocity vectors become mutually perpendicular. 6. A ball is thrown from the ground to clear a wall 3 m high at a distance of 6 m and falls 18 m away from the wall. Find the angle of projection of ball. 7. A body is projected up such that its position vector varies with time as r={3¢1 + (4¢—52°)}}m. Here, t is in seconds. Find the time and x-coordinate of particle when its y-coordinate is zero. 8. A particle is projected along an inclined plane as shown in figure. What is the speed of the particle when it collides at point A? (g = 10 m/s") u= 10 ms 30° o 9. In the above problem, what is the component of its velocity perpendicular to the plane when it strikes at A? 10. Two particles A and B are projected simultaneously from two towers of heights 10 m and 20 m respectively. Particle A is projected with an initial speed of 10V2 mls at an angle of 45° with horizontal, while particle B is projected horizontally with speed 10 mls. If they collide in air, what is the distance d between the towers? + a —_ @ scanned with OKEN Scanner114. A particle is projected from the bottom of an inclined plane of inclination 30° with velocity of 40 mis at an angle of 60° with horizontal. Find the speed of the particle when its velocity vector is parallel to the plane. Take g= 10 m/s”. 12. Two particles A and B are projected simultaneously in the directions shown in figure with velocities v4 = 20 m/s and vg « 10 m/s respectively. They collide in air after 4 s Find (@) the anglee (b) the distance x. 13. A ball is shot from the ground into the air. At a height of 9.1 m, its velocity is observed to be 7.6i + 6.1] in metre per second (iis horizontal, jis upward). Give the approximate answers. (a) To what maximum height does the ball (b) What total horizontal distance does the ball travel? (©) What are the magnitude and (@) What are the direction of the ball’s velocity just before it hits the ground? 14. A particle is projected with velocity 2/gh, so thatit just clears two walls of equal height h which are at a distance of 2h from each other. Show that the time of passing between the wallsis: aft [Hint : First find velocity at height h. Treat it as initial velocity and 2h as the range.] 15. A particle is projected at an angle of elevation a and after ¢ second it appears to have an elevation of B as seen from the point of projection. Find the initial velocity of projection. 16. A projectile aimed at a mark, which is in the horizontal plane through the point of projection, falls acm short of it when the elevation iso. and goes b cm far when the elevation isB. Show that, if the speed of projection is same in all the cases the proper elevation is, 1 j,-1[bsin 20+ a sin 28) 2 a+b 17. Two particles are simultaneously thrown in horizontal direction from two points on a riverbank, which are at certain height above the water surface. The initial velocities of the particles are v, = 5 m/s and v, = 7.5 m/s respectively. Both particles fall into the water at the same time, First particle enters the water at a point s= 10m from the bank. Determine (@) the time of flight of the two particles, (®) the height from which they are thrown, (© the point where the second particle falls in water. 18. A balloon is ascending at the rate v = 12 km/h and is being carried horizontally by the wind at Up = 20 km/h. If a ballast bag is dropped from the balloon at the instant h = 60 m,determine the time needed for it to strike the ground. Assume that the bag was released from the balloon with the same velocity as the balloon. Also, find the speed with which the bag strikes the ground? @ scanned with OKEN Scanner19. A projectile is fired with a velocity w at right angles to the slope, which is inclined at an angle @ with the horizontal. Derive an expression for the distance R to the point of impact. u & ™N 20. An elevator is going up with an upward acceleration of | m/s*, At the instant when its velocity is 2 m/s, a stone is projected upward from its floor with a speed of 2 m/s relative to the elevator, at an elevation of 30°. (@) Calculate the time taken by the stone to return to the floor. () Sketch the path of the projectile as observed by an observer outside the elevator. (© Ifthe elevator was moving with a downward acceleration equal to g, how would the motion be altered? 24. Two particles A and B are projected simultaneously in a vertical plane as shown in figure. They collide at time t in air. Write down two necessary equations for collision to take place. v(m) 20 LEVEL 2 Objective Questions Single Correct Option 1. Two bodies were thrown simultaneously from the same point, one straight up, and the other, at an angle of @ = 30° to the horizontal. The initial velocity of each body is 20 ms~', Neglecting air resistance, the distance between the bodies at .2 later is (a) 20m &) 30 m (24m (a) 50m 2. Aparticle is dropped from a height h. Another particle which is initially at a horizontal distance d from the first is simultaneously projected with a horizontal velocity u and the two particles just collide on the ground. Then 2_ wh p_2uh @a=t oo (d=h @ gd? =wh @ scanned with OKEN Scanner3. A ball is projected from point A with velocity 10 ms“'perpendicular to the 7. inclined plane as shown in figure, Range of the ball on the inclined plane ¥ On Pm om aoe a 7 @ . A heavy particle is projected with a velocity at an angle with the horizontal into the uniform gravitational field. The slope of the trajectory of the particle varies as g § 3 3 @ OJ ' wg r 06 t @9 x A particle starts from the origin of coordinates at time ¢ = 0 and moves in the xy plane with a constant acceleration a in the y-direction. Its equation of motion is Its velocity component in the x-direction is [2c om ice (a) variable (b) co) (d) @ » m5 ( DSF . A projectile is projected with speed w at an angle of 60° with horizontal from the foot of an inclined plane. If the projectile hits the inelined plane horizontally, the range on inelined plane will be Bu ae oe of 4g 2B A particle is projected at an angle 60° with speed 10V3 m/s, from the point A, as shown in the figure. At the same time the wedge is made to move with speed 103 m/s towards right as shown in the figure. A005 Ms 19g mis PD Aor ‘Then the time after which particle will strike with wedge is A 4 (2s ()2V8s Os (@ None of these v3 . A particle moves along the parabolic path x= y* + 2y +2 in such a way that Y-component of . A shell fired from the base of a mountain just clears it. [fois the angle of 10. velocity vector remains 5 ms during the motion. The magnitude of the acceleration of the particle is (a) 50 ms* (b) 100 ms* (©) 102 ms* (@) 0.1 ms* projection, then the angular elevation of the summit B is a m7 fa (b) tar G) r ey an(5 (©) tan” (3) (@ tan @ tana) In the figure shown, the two projectiles are fired simultaneously. The 2013 ms minimum distance between them during their flight is ae (a) 20m Mm (6)10. V3 m i > (10m 20am (a) None of the above @ scanned with OKEN ScannerAnswers Introductory Exercise 7.1 1. V2s 2. False 3. True 4. v= (40i + 10j) m/s, s = (BOI + 40j) m 5. t=5s,d= 100 m,v=(20i - 30j) ms Introductory Exercise 7.2 1. (@) 202 m/s at angle tan (3) with horizontal, (b) 100 m. Between two points lying on the same horizontal line . ucosa (a) 80m, 20m, 4s (b) (207 + 10 j) ms“ (c) (20 i 20j) ms* 2 3. 4. 2usina, downwards 5. 6. (2) 30 ms™ (vertically downwards) (b) 20.62 ms“! 7, . Sms v2 8B. (a) ¥20s (b) 2020 m (c) 49 m/s, @ = tan” (V5) with horizontal 9. No ao, 20 Introductory Exercise 7.3 1. 1.695, 39m 2. 631s, 145.71 m 3. 231s, 53.33mm 4. (a) Avertical straight line (b) A parabola 5. (a) zero (b) 20 ms“ in horizontal direction (c) 40 m. 6. 60" Exercises LEVEL 1 Assertion and Reason 1@ 2@ 3@ 4) 5@) 6) 7) 8B (aorb) 94) 10.(0) Single Correct Option 2) 20) 3) 4) 5.(e) 6 (>) 7.) 8B) 9@ 10@ 12. () 12 (6) 13 (@) 14) 15.) 16.) @ scanned with OKEN ScannerSubjective Questions 20s 2.3sand1s 3.V3s 1 h=2.19s, 4. No 5.2.5 m, 6. tan (3) 3 7. time = zero, 0.8 s,x-coordinate = 0, 2.4 m 8 ems 9.5 m/s 10. 20m a. 3 m/s 32. (2) 30° (b) 5V3 m 18, (11 m, (6)23.m (©) 166 m/s (6) ta (2 below horizontal 35, y= 2888 497, (ay 25 (6) 19.6 m (@) 15 m sn@-B) 20" sano seco 18. 3.555,327m/s 19.R= g 20. (2) 0.18 s (c)a straight line with respect to elevator and projectile with respect to ground BA. (cos 0+ vp cos) = 20.) (ysino,~ up sind.) ¢=10 i) LEVEL 2 Single Correct Option Lc) 2.(b) 3. (@) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b) @ scanned with OKEN Scanner