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A1 PASSERS TRAINING, RESEARCH, REVIEW & DEVELOPMENT COMPANY

NURSING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

DRILLS AND PRACTICE TESTS
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLE OF MANAGEMENT

Situation : Quality nursing care with a difference is one of the major goals of quality assurance program
or total quality management. One of the functions of nurse manager is to target and ensure that quality
nursing care is delivered. The succeeding questions pertains to maintaining standards or quality

1. Which of the following ensures quality or safe and effective nursing practice?
a. Standards c. Targets
b. Goals d. Philosophy
2. If her patient’s responses conform to her plan of care the type of standard used is;
a. Outcome c. Structure
b. Process d. Routine
3. When nursing procedures are utilized, the standard referred is:
a. Structure c. Outcome
b. Routine d. Routine
4. When Miss Morayta allocates to the various nursing units, specific number of nursing personnel as well as
supplies and materials, the standard used is:
a. Process c. Structure
b. Outcome d. Routine
5. Quality assurance also involves performance evaluation which comprises the following activities:
i. Focusing on correction of faulty behaviors
ii. Formulating specific standards, specific, activities for individual performance
iii. Identify the strengths and weaknesses
iv. Utilizing the institutions and standard procedures
a. 1,2,3 c. 2,3,4
b. 1,4 d. 1,3,4
6. The important factor in a performance review is to:
a. Know that the situation will improve c. Have the time for this session
b. Maintain an open 2 way d. Provide a comfortable setting
communication
7. Growth and professional development of nursing personnel should be the responsibility of:
a. The institution c. The human resource manager
b. The personnel herself d. The supervisors
8. As a nurse manager, Miss Paloc, RN, was often asked to orient the new graduates and other nursing
personnel to the organizational structure of the hospital, the primary purpose of which is to:
a. Explain her role in the organizational structure
b. Provide information on hospital’s philosophy and goals
c. Provide mechanism for equitable distribution of work load
d. Explain the staff nurse’s role in the organization

Situation : The nurse leader in the first- line patient care management fills a crucial role in planning,
implementing, and evaluating patient care outcomes.

9. Which of the following is true about the patient care management?

a. It uses medical process to plan, implement and evaluate patient care outcomes
b. It focuses on patient’s population rather than individual patients
c. It links computer to share information seamlessly
d. It achieves goals in dynamic environments through allocating resources
10. A mission statement is best defined as?
a. A brief, fairly broad statement and that reflects the organization’s purpose, its key principles
or values, and its customers or clients
b. A statement that reflects the organization’s work, why and how it is done
c. Annual actions specified as needed to attain goals
d. An organizational framework of decentralized leadership and autonomous decision- making
11. A council that establishes practice standards of work groups using evidence- based practice is called?
a. A quality council c. An education council
b. A management council d. A research council

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12. Which of the following statement s about competency is correct?
a. It means possessing the required skills, knowledge, qualification or capacity
b. It cannot be determined by peers and must be determined by supervisors
c. It is best evaluated by credentialing or continuing education
d. It is not a requirement for promotion in an organization
13. Which of the following systems evolved in response to the rising health care cost?
a. Situational leadership c. Case management
b. Shared governance d. JCAHO
14. These information systems collect data about an organization’s services employees and patients and
can include analytical tools operating policies, and communication protocols
a. Management information system c. Nursing information system
b. Hospital information system d. Telehealth information system
15. These systems are used to assess the patient acuity, prepare appropriate care plan or critical path,
scientific interventions, document care and track outcomes
a. Management information system c. Nursing information system
b. Hospital information system d. Telehealth information system

Situation : Health care organizations need to continually monitor their services to improve the
quality of care.

16. A systemic process to improve outcome based on customer’s needs is called?

a. Quality assurance c. Total quality management
b. Quality improvement d. Organizational structure
17. Which of the following is not a characteristic of quality improvement?
a. Meeting the customer’s needs
b. Building quality performance into work process
c. Assessing work process to identify opportunities for down sizing
d. Improving the performance continuously as an ongoing management strategy
18. The measurement of clinical progress and the patient’s response to organizational structure and
process is called?
a. Organizational structure c. Outcomes monitoring
b. Ownership d. Total quality management
19. A goal of “zero “defect is one of the characteristics of?
a. Quality assurance c. Benchmarking
b. Quality improvement d. Outcomes monitoring
20. Cause or condition that repeatedly comes together in a series of steps to transfer inputs into outcomes
is called a:
a. System c. Process
b. Outcome d. Customer
21. A system is:
a. A process to improve outcomes based on customer’s needs
b. Measure of patient’s response to clinical progress
c. Causes or condition that comes together to transfer inputs to outcomes
d. An interdependent group items , people or process with common processes and common
purpose
22. In the PDCA cycle for quality improvement, the letters stand for PLAN, DO, CHECK and?
a. Account c. Alleviate
b. Act d. Ask
23. Which of the following is true about benchmarking?
a. It measures and compares key work processes with those of the best performers in the
industry
b. It requires a one-time expenditure of time and money
c. It does not apply to indicators affected by the patient variable
d. It is generally not useful for core products and services
24. Sentinel events are?
a. Expected c. Always reported to JCI
b. Useful for improving an d. An indicator of magnet status
organization’s system

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Situation : Nurse leaders who are managers not only need to make sure that enough employees are
available to meet patient care objectives, but also ensure that employees’ performance is observed,
assessed and evaluated and corrected when necessary.
25. An employee’s daily performance to meet job requirements includes which of the following?
a. Being honest and trustworthy with patients and staffs
b. Errors and incidents
c. Vacation time
d. Following policies and procedures when time allows
26. Specialized knowledge and judgement used to diagnose and treat human response to health problem is
classified as?
a. Technical skills c. Leadership skills
b. Partnership skills d. Clinical skills
27. A desired relationship between two parties seeking to work together towards a common goal
a. Leadership c. leadership skills
b. Partnership d. clinical skills
28. Effective nurse manager do which of the following to meet staff, client and market goals?
a. Allow staff to manage their own productivity issue
b. Tell team members what they need
c. Delay training to decrease cost
d. Set- up and encourage mentoring relationships
29. A more experienced nurse who guides a less experienced employee is called a?
a. Mentor c. Adult learner
b. Network d. Assistive worker
30. An adult learner who likes to go back over the steps of the procedure and mentally review them by using
which adult learning stage?
a. Experiencing c. Relating
b. Reflecting d. Planning
31. The abbreviation FTE means?
a. Flex time employment c. First time employment
b. Full time equivalent d. Full time employment
32. The care delivery model in which one nurse is responsible for all aspects of patient care for the nurse’s shift
is called?
a. Functional nursing c. Total patient care
b. Team nursing d. Patient- focused care
33. Which of the following is a key activity for nurse managers who are evaluating staff performance?
a. Avoid specifying behaviours, to provide altitude for employee creativity
b. Enforce performance measurement and standards of care at all times
c. Delegate feedback about goals and plans to other staff members
d. Reinforce prior employee achievements to help employees find new way to excel

Situation : Labor unions and labor management relations have long history and its role in the workplace
must be understood by the nurse managers

34. The formal expression of misunderstanding, contract violations or inadequate labor agreements is called?
a. Grievance process c. Strike
b. Whistle blowing d. Representation election
35. Activities that nurses undertake to solve problems in their everyday work settings are called?
a. Grievance process c. Strike
b. Whistle blowing d. Representation election
36. Which of the following is true about work stoppage?
a. It is a necessary part of labor negotiations
b. If the stoppage is called by the union, all union members must participate
c. A simple majority vote of union members is required to approve the work stoppage
d. It will never affect the care of the patient

SITUATION - Benny is a newly appointed chair of St. Thomas Medical Center. She is still learning to feel her
way through the organization. She decides to hone her management skills by studying the different
concepts on nursing leadership.
37. As a leader, she is aware that she should possess the following traits except
a. Assertive c. Sarcastic
b. Enthusiastic d. Efficient
38. She has the ability to retain and motivate her staff to function effectively. This is
a. Power c. Value
b. Influence d. Responsibility

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39. If her staff will misbehaves and becomes negligent she will be answerable. This is
a. Influence c. Accountability
b. Power d. Control
40. As the chair, she has the right to request that the nursing staff does two rounds nightly to prevent injuries
from bed falls. This is:
a. Influence c. Value
b. Authority d. Power
41. St. Thomas Medical Center envisions itself to be a globally competitive e institution upholding the culture of
excellence in providing care to patients regardless of role, color, or creed. This is
a. Mission c. Philosophy
b. Vision d. Objective
42. Ms. Belmonte is the head nurse of the ICU. She has the right to suspend her staff for two weeks due to
misbehaviour. This power is
a. Referent c. Coalition
b. Coercive d. Blocking
43. When she called the attention of her staff who has been habitually absent and said that “I can postpone your
suspension provided you will not be absent again within this month without due cause.” This kind of
influence is
a. Sanction c. Coalition
b. Assertiveness d. Blocking
44. When her staff who is to be suspended went to the chief nurse and clarifies the reason for such action, she
violated the principle of
a. Delegation c. Span of control
b. Authority, responsibility, accountability d. Channel of communication
45. When she consults her staff and considers their suggestion when activity has to be done in the unit, the
leadership style she used is:
a. Democratic c. Autocratic
b. Bureaucratic d. Laissez faire
46. When one member comments, “I don’t want to be transferred to another unit. I am enjoying my job here
because I have good experiences.” This level of leadership is
a. Personhood c. Position
b. Productivity d. People development
47. As a nurse leader you should have special traits and qualities to be able to function effectively. This is the:
a. Individual Character Theory c. Behavioral theory
b. Trait theory d. Great Man theory
48. Assumes that the capacity for leadership is inherent. This is:
a. Great Man theory c. Behavioral theory
b. Individual character theory d. Trait theory
49. In choosing the leader, one should consider the qualifications:
a. Great Man theory c. Trait theory
b. Behavioral theory d. Individual character theory
50. According to this theory, the manager must not be too drastic in implementing change hence the three
phases were considered:
a. Taylor c. Lewin
b. Fayol d. Argyris
51. This theorist developed the four systems approach management:
a. Simon c. Likert
b. Weber d. Drucker
52. When the manager consults the staff and considers suggestion when an activity has to be done in the unit,
the management system used is:
a. Benevolent c. Exploitative
b. Consultative d. Participative
53. The theory which states that the leader can affect the performance, satisfaction, and motivation of the group
through rewards, clarification of paths and goals, and the removal of obstacles in performance:
a. Transformational c. Path goal
b. Situational d. Transactional
54. It refers to the person’s self-awareness, self-confidence, commitment and integrity:
a. Emotional intelligence c. Motivation
b. Multiple intelligence d. Value

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55. The leader who shows high concern for people and low concern for production is using which managerial
grid?
a. Impoverished c. Produce and perish
b. Country club d. Middle-of-the-road
56. This theorist developed the four quadrant model of emotional intelligence:
a. Hershey c. Goleman
b. Blanchard d. Broom
57. In effective leadership, the following components are considered, except:
a. self awareness c. Lack of concern
b. knowledge of management functions d. Systematic use of self
58. Management has decided to install the latest computer equipment in every unit in the hospital. Old timers
are reacting negatively to become proficient with the equipment that they believe will only increase their
workload. The nurse manager told them that their job is in jeopardy if they don’t comply. Which influence
tactic will be in effect?
a. Upward appeal c. Blocking
b. Coalition d. Sanction
59. The staff nurse verbalized that they are already beginning to feel tired of long hours and heavy workload
assigned to them. They decided to talk with the manager because they want to protect the rights of patients
to safe and quality care. Which influence tactic will be used?
a. Coalition c. Exchange
b. Blocking d. Sanction
60. A type of adhocracy organizational model which stresses open communication, independent judgment and
self-reputation.
a. Matrix organization c. Collegial Management
b. Project Management d. Free form
61. Effective nurses are powerful. They show objectivity, creativity, and knowledge throughout their practice and
regardless of their work setting. Effective nurses have power:
a. in one primary way c. to become dominant of others
b. to influence others d. to gain prestige
62. A type of organizational chart which defines the relationship between and among the different levels in the
organization is the:
a. a. concentric structure c. horizontal structure
b. b. vertical structure d. circular structure
63. Which of the following statements most accurately depicts the difference between leaders and managers?
a. Managers lead through charisma and influence
b. Managers feels rewarded by personal achievement
c. Managers utilize authority to accomplish work; leaders utilize influence
d. Leaders get official appointment
64. The new leadership style requires:
a. Leaders which will be transformed from order-giver and warlord to resource person and
colleague
b. The manager should work one-on-one with the staff
c. The leader always maintain the highest level of position
d. The manager must rule the followers
65. When the leader is more concerned with the greater number of workers than her personal goal, she is
displaying which trait?
a. Loyalty c. Enthusiasm
b. Decisiveness d. Selflessness
66. To check if the nurse is really effective in performing task, the following must be considered:
a. Think of alternative methods for providing care
b. Shares ideas about patient care
c. Plans all approached before implementing them
d. Follow standard

SITUATION - Carol is the newly hired staff of St. Francis Medical Center. Miss David, the nurse
manager, scheduled her for a two weeks orientation program.
67. When Ms. David discusses the reason for the existence of St. Francis Medical Center, she is referring to its:
a. Mission c. philosophy
b. Vision d. Objectives
68. When planning for the activity of the unit, the nurse manager must first:
a. Consider budget allocation d. Determine the job description of the
b. Determine the goal of the unit staff
c. Prepare the timetable
69. Planning that is largely carried out by top level management;
a. strategic planning c. short-range plans
b. operational plan d. unit plans
70. To be able to meet the needs of the assigned clients and responsibilities associated with the position the
nurse must be aware of time management techniques. Time management principles that the nurse must
follow are the following except:
a. Think of alternatives, if the desired option is not possible
b. Set time targets
c. Looking task done and not done
d. Leaving each day with unfinished task
71. The goal of the unit manager is to develop her staff professionally. Continuing education program was
provided to the staff. The following are true of such program.
a. Enhance the skill of the staff
b. Considered within the institution
c. A formal training which lasts for months or years
d. Shouldered by the institution
72. According to this management theory, human factors such as giving special care and attention to workers,
and recognizing their efforts, influence productivity.
a. Scientific Management theory c. Behavioral theory
b. Motivational theory d. Fayol's Mnagement theory
73. The central premise of the scientific management theory by Frederick Taylor is not concerned with any of
the following:
a. Labor and management both desires increasing productivity
b. The best practice to get the most work done at the least energy spent
c. Provide considerable energy among workers
d. Training workers for desired output
74. There is consolidation of management functions and decisions emanate from the top. This is the principle of
a. Chain of command c. Unity of command
b. Decentralization of authority d. Centralization of authority
75. Management as a social process focused on the individuals and groups to work together and take best
action from the situations. This is posited by:
a. Max Weber C. Abraham Maslow
b. Mary Follet D. Elton Mayo
76. Peter Drucker is the father of modern corporate management. His emphasis on good management is built
on
a. Management by objectives c. Motivation of employees
b. Optimizing and satisfying d. Social process
77. According to Henry Mintzberg, informational role refers to:
a. A leader, figurehead, and a liaison
b. An entrepreneur, negotiator, and disturbance handler
c. Spokesperson and disseminator
d. Dealer and allocator
78. A hungry and tired nurse is not likely to acquire lofty goals for self-actualization if her needs are not met.
This refers to what theory?
a. Hygiene and motivation theory c. Organizational theory
b. Humanistic theory d. Hierarchy of needs
79. McGregor’s Theory X presupposes that the workers naturally:
i. Dislike work iv. Creative
ii. Motivated to work v. Lazy
iii. Irresponsible
a. 1, 3, 5 c. 1, 2, 3
b. 2, 4, 5 d. 3, 4, 5
80. Total quality management is aimed at any of the following except:
a. Long term success through customer satisfaction
b. Worker’s awareness of quality process
c. Centered on quantity rather than quality
d. Beneficial to the customers, workers, and the organization
81. The Japanese criteria of TQMs is least focused on any of the following:
a. Monetary incentives for workers
b. Things will work out as they are supposed to
c. User’s feedback as basis for product improvement
d. Things should have aesthetic quality
82. Hygiene factors of Ferdinand Herzberg are concerned with any of the following, except:
a. Adequate salary c. Safe working conditions
b. Adequate recognition d. Good interpersonal relations

SITUATION - Ms. Lopez is the new nurse manager of the nursing service department. As the head, she
noted that several problems occur in the department due to mismanagement. She decides to improve
the work condition.
83. The first thing that Ms. Lopez should do is:
a. Initiate group interaction c. Develop the change one step at a time
b. Perceive the need for change d. Evaluate the overall result of change
84. When resistance threatens the needed change, what measure should be implemented?
a. Send memorandum for change c. Conduct staff education
b. Gain support from the staff d. Evaluate the overall result
85. As head of the unit, you can make members feel free to express their ideas by the following, except:
a. Listening attentively to what each member say
b. Giving members the chance to give their suggestions
c. Judging the contribution of each member
d. Giving considerations to the needs and wants of each member
86. As an effective nurse manager, you would like to consider the advantages of participative management:
a. Uplifts the morale of the staff c. Increase camaraderie among staff
b. Fosters professional upliftment d. Allows staff to work independently
87. It is predetermined action to accomplish desired results:
a. Planning c. Decision making
b. Critical thinking d. Problem-solving
88. A nurse manager needs to plan her activities in order to facilitate the following, except:
a. Leads to goal attainment c. Increases element of change
b. Cope with crises and problems d. Effective use of available resources
89. Scope of planning which is necessary to estimate the future in term of risks and outcome:
a. Set objectives c. Forecasting or predicting
b. Outline activities d. Programming
90. Which of the following principles of time management is least effective?
a. Prioritizing c. Procrastinating
b. Delegating d. Planning
91. Model of planning useful in identifying strategic issues and goals to ensure truly concrete solutions to
problems:
a. Alignment model c. Organic model
b. Scenario model d. Goal-based planning
92. A nurse is asked to do a lot of things in less time:
a. Multitasking c. Delegation
b. Prioritization d. Planning
93. Benefits of the budgeting process is not any of the following:
a. Planning in advance c. Coordination of cost and services
b. Directing resources d. Comprehensive control
94. Which strategy should the nurse leader use to foster a climate of collaboration on the nursing unit?
a. Place emphasis on tasks to be accomplished during each shift.
b. Display an open attitude toward new ideas and suggestions.
c. Focus on high-quality care and benchmarking results.
d. Use firm communication about items of importance to the nurse leader.
95. A method of nursing care which provides holistic care to the patient from admission until discharge with the
nurse having 24 hours/ARA:
a. Team nursing c. Case method
b. Partnership nursing d. Primary Nursing
96. A nurse manager addresses disciplinary problems by means of the following, except:
a. Interactions, listening, mentoring
b. Convey to employee that she cannot continue breaking and established policy
c. Uses a combination of directive and non-directive techniques to minimize stress during interview
d. Recommends functions such as suspension or dismissal
97. A unifying framework for nursing education, regulation, and practice which embodies the knowledge, skills
and values of a professional nurse.
a. Nursing Law c. Core competency
b. Professional Standards d. Standards of Nursing Practice

98. The forty (40) hour per week law is contained in:
 a. RA 5109 c. RA 1059
b. RA 5901 d. RA 5910
99. Which is not a part of directing?
a. Process of getting work done c. Delegating work to be done
b. Issuing orders and assignment d. Evaluating performance of staff

100. A set of actions the nurse will implement to resolve nursing problems identified by assessment:
a. Strategic plan c. Nursing care plan
b. Day-to-day plan d. Health plan
101. A supervisor has a strong influence to motivate her staff to work well. This is least done through:
a. Support and cooperation to improve the c. Effective communication
morale of the staff d. Coercive management style
b. Democratic relationship
102. Staff development serves several functions to employees, such as:
i. Maintain staff efficiency iv. Initiate personal motivation
ii. Create quality employees v. Diagnose SKA deficiencies
iii. Enforce compliance to rules vi. Improve self confidence
a. 1, 2, 3, 4 c. 2, 3, 4 ,5
b. 1, 2, 5, 6 d. 1 ,2 ,4, 5
103. In-service training and continuing education is similarly situated in terms of:
a. Learning experience which is planned and incidental
b. Oriented towards improving performance level of staff
c. Nature is less formal
d. Cost is shouldered by the agency
104. The manager and the health care staff together with other members of the health care team participate in
decision making through:
a. Collaboration c. Communication
b. Coordination d. Delegation
105. To be effective in communicating, nurse managers must be able to:
i. Eliminate barriers to communication
ii. Promote free flow of communication
iii. Promote climate of truthfulness and frankness
iv. Establish lines of communication
a. 1, 2 c. 2, 3
b. 2, 4 d. 1, 4
106. Effective performance appraisal is done for the following reasons, except:
a. Provide constructive feedback
b. Determines progress and worthiness of a nurse
c. Security of patients, staff and hospital
d. Termination in performance falls below the standard
107. Change process can occur only if:
a. One perceives a need for change d. Enforce policies to ensure change to
b. One realizes her unique potentials take place
c. Can state his own needs and problems
108. Conflict in nursing service can have negative results such as:
a. Greater sensitivity to issues
b. Increased creativity to a stimulus
c. Motivated to improve performance
d. Disagreements can create emotional barriers between and among the staff
109. A tool in decision-making where the manager forecasts probable results of his choices and enables him
to make a cost-benefit analysis of each alternative.
a. Probability theory c. Queuing theory
b. Decision trees d. Linear programming
110. The standards of nursing practice which delineates rights, duties and responsibilities of a nurse
practitioner is embodied in the following, except:
a. Code of ethics
b. Nursing Law
c. Patient’s Bill of Rights
d. Philippine Constitution
111. The nurse manager organizes her work well if she is least able to do the following:
a. Identify roles and relationship of each personnel
b. Facilitates people to accomplish assigned tasks
c. Delegates her authority to her staff
d. Assesses needs and problems of her staff
112. A formal guided process of integrating people, information, and technology in an organization is called:
a. Organizational culture c. Organizational structure
b. Organizational design d. Organizational chart
113. A clearly defined supervisor-subordinate relationship comes from:
a. Staff authority c. Line organization
b. Flat organization d. Functional authority
114. To differentiate between a flat to a pyramidal organization is that flat organization is:
a. More number of levels c. Modern type
b. Centralized authority d. Traditional type
115. Organizational culture means that the organization consists of:
a. Adequate information technology
b. Creates a fair distribution of delegated tasks
c. Procedures and policies of the hospital
d. Attitude, values, and beliefs of nurses embodied in the system
116. Which is not a part of the factors affecting time requirement of nursing care?
a. Acuity of patient illness c. Degree of dependence of patients to
b. The number of available nursing caregivers
personnel d. Communicability of the ailment
117. A good control system encourages each employee to exercise self-control. Self-control means the nurse:
a. Knows her expected level of performance
b. Initiates own activities even without instructions
c. Develop personal philosophy and values of nursing practice
d. Can work well with other members of the health team.
118. Characteristics of effective control is any of the following:
a. Designed according to the c. Must anticipate organizational
vision/mission of the agency problems
b. Must be flexible and realistic d. Performance standards are met
119. Providing feedback through reports, progress notes, research survey is done through:
a. Standard of nursing practice c. Feedback control
b. Financial content d. Time control
120. Ways to monitor and measure performance of nursing care services are done through, except:
a. Nursing rounds c. Nursing audit
b. Quality assurance d. Performance evaluation
121. Techniques of control using a matrix of activities represented in a chart specifying goals, products desired,
time and budget requirements is called:
a. Benchmarking c. Nursing audit
b. Program evaluation and review d. Gantt chart
technique
122. The following are principles of controlling, except:
a. critical few c. self-control
b. point of control d. concurrent control
123. Performance evaluation is necessary in order to:
a. Maintain checks and balance c. Ensure that tasks are being carried out
b. Compare performance with as planned
standards d. Have feedback control
124. If performance were found to have deviations from standards, the nurse manager may use and of the
following, except:
a. Takes action revive or minimize the cause
b. Takes corrective action to get performance back on track
c. Provide reinforcements such as attending training or seminars
d. Develop personal value system to correct the error.
125. Characteristics of the control process is any of the following
i. Cyclical iv. Personal responsibility
ii. Change process v. Built on leadership
iii. Anticipatory and retrospective

a. 1, 2, 3, 4 c. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
b. 2, 3, 4, 5 d. 1, 2, 4, 5
126. A method of acquiring and processing information and accomplishments is called:
a. Nursing audit c. Performance appraisal
b. Nursing standards d. Performance evaluation
127. The nurse educator explains to a group of new nurse orientees to expect which of the following benefits
from staff development programs?
a.Acquisition of technical skills c.Forum to share their views on client
b.Personal development care issues
d.Opportunity to develop networks
128. Which strategy should a nurse leader use to build a culture for staff development?
a.Expect all staff to attend each activity.
b.Aggressively pursue funding from administration.
c.Add development activities based on manager’s preferences
d. Schedule staff development activities at a variety of times.
129. A facility purchases new intravenous (IV) pumps. Which strategy should the nurse leader use to educate
the current staff about the new pumps?
a.Web-enhanced instructions c.Orientation
b.In-service d.User manual
130. A nurse who aspires to be a nurse manager understands that which of the following will be one of the
competencies that will be needed in the new role?
a.Ability to demonstrate virtual instruction technology to staff
b. Visioning and strategic planning for the nursing unit
c.Use of technological devices
d.Proficiency in the use of nursing process
131. A staff nurse who has been in practice for one year is about to have the first annual employment
evaluation. The nurse should be prepared to show evidence of proficiency in which of the following?
a.Nursing process c.Human resource benefits management
b.Financial management d.Visioning for the unit
132. A unit manager rates a staff member the same on all dimensions of the performance evaluation. The chief
nurse officer counsels the manager about which type of appraisal error?
a.Ambiguous c.Leniency
b.Recency d.Halo
133. A nurse with fifteen years experience recognizes early signs of urosepsis in an older adult admitted with
pneumonia and notifies the primary care provider of the physical assessment findings. This represents
which stage of Benner’s model?
a.Proficient Practitioner c.Expert practitioner
b.Advanced Practitioner d.Competent practitioner
134. The newly hired nurse manager assesses that one of the staff nurses on the nursing unit is an expert
practitioner after observing the nurse’s expertise in which of the following areas?
a.Competency in the helping role c.Ability to monitor interventions
b.Work role competencies d. Ability to make medical diagnosis
135. A nurse manager overhears a nurse state during interdisciplinary round, “After learning he has an
inoperable brain tumor, the client wishes to terminate dialysis for his renal failure. Since he has no family, I
think we should consider his wishes.” The nurse manager concludes that the nurse is functioning in which
role at this time?
a.Clinical practitioner c.Client advocate
b.Case manager d.Staff educator
136. Which strategy would be best for the nurse to use to be an effective client advocate?
a.Maintain knowledge of standards and regulations about client rights.
b.Listen to the healthcare experiences of clients from different cultures.
c.Learn to speak different languages to facilitate communication.
d.Openly discuss cultural differences with clients and the staff.
137. A 27-year-old client is admitted with pneumonia and dies from a myocardial infarction within 24 hours of
admission. The nurse manager works with staff to investigate this incident as which of the following?
a.Accident c.Sentinel event
b.Error d.Malpractice
138. A nurse leader reviews the client’s chart for which of the following because they indicate effectiveness of
treatment and care?
a.Indicators c.Critical pathways
b. Outcomes d.Standards
139. The nurse manager would recommend which of the following as the best measure to improve the culture
of safety on a nursing unit?
a.Have the nursing aide monitor clients when nurses are busy with an emergency.
b.Have two nurses verify warfarin.
c.Ask nurses to purchase back support devices to use for all lifting.
d. Assist with a plan to install automated medication dispensing stations on the unit.
140. A nurse manager reviews a chart for critical indicators of quality care to prepare a report for the Quality
Improvement Department. The nurse explains to a new staff member that this activity represents which of
the following?
a.External audit c.Benchmarking
b. Internal audit d.Control
141. During an investigation of a medication error made by a nurse using a new medication administration
system, the nurse states, “ I wasn’t comfortable using this new system. “ the nurse manager should plan to
prevent this type of medication error by doing which of the following?
a.Verifying all nurses are licensed
b.Encouraging all nurses to become certified.
c.Providing professional training for new equipment
d.Collaborating across health disciplines
142. A nurse working in a nursing home on the 7pm-7am shift observes a person outside lurking behind the
trees. Which action should the nurse take to prevent workplace violence?
a.Take shifts guarding the doors.
b.Call the local police immediately.
c.Report the suspicious behavior to the on-call administrator.
d.Keep all doors locked at all times.
143. A nurse leader notes that the average length of hospital stay for clients with diabetes mellitus is higher
than for non-diabetic clients. In investigating the reasons for this discrepancy, the nurse leader should plan
to review which of the following?
a. Current policies and procedures c. Evidence-based research
b. Specific outcome indicators d. Current clinical practice
144. The nurse has been chosen to be the nursing unit representative to a hospital committee focusing on
quality and effectiveness of care. The nurse plans to gather data about which client care outcome indicators
s part of the work of the committee?
a. Infection rates and length of hospital c. Support systems
stay d. Diagnosis
b. Medication Administration
145. A nurse has received the client assignment for the day and is organizing the required tasks. Which of the
following will not be a component of the plan for time management?
a.Prioritizing a client needs and daily tasks
b. Providing time for unexpected tasks
c.Gathering supplies before beginning a task
d.Documenting task completion at the end of the day
146. When interviewing for a position on a hospital nursing unit, the nurse learned that members of the nursing
staff are allowed to develop and deliver in-services and participate on hospital committees. The nurse
concludes that this nursing unit utilizes which of the following models?
a. Nurse Manager decision-making model c. Client accountability model
b. Decision-making model d. Shared governance model.
147. A nurse manager plans quarterly in-services to enhance clinical competence of the staff. The nurse would
report the outcomes of these in-services to which of the four councils that set policies for shared
governance?
a. Nursing practice c. Education
b. Quality improvement d. Management
148. The culture of healthcare organization is changing. Nurses are now allowed to self-schedule, and
administrators seek input from the staff on major decisions. A nurse who has been interviewed for a nursing
position in this organization concludes that there has been a shift to which type of managerial model?
a. Shared governance c. Compassionate leadership
b. Empowerment d. Workforce support
149. A nurse leader observes a staff nurse as an articulate public speaker. The nurse leader asks the nurse to
prepare in-services on a new program and present the information to the staff. By this action the nurse
leader demonstrates
a. Shared governance c. Empowerment
b. Compassionate leadership d. Charismatic leadership
150. A nurse leader evaluates a nursing aide and notes positive qualities in the aide. The nurse leader encourages
the nursing aide to pursue a nursing degree. A registered nurse on the unit who observes this interaction
concludes that the leader is using which behavior to empower the nursing aide?
a. Motivation c. Charisma
b. Communication d. Partnership
151. A nurse manager rewards a staff nurse for creating teaching boards for parents. The nurse considers that this
manager’s actions demonstrate which type of leadership?
a. Compassionate c. Charismatic
b. Empathetic d. Influential
152. A nurse has difficulty scanning the client’s identification bracelet prior to administering medications. Frustrated,
the nurse scans a sticker with the client’s account number, name, and date of birth obtained from the face sheet
of the client’s chart. A nurse co-worker notes that which element of medication safety has been compromised by
the nurse?
a. Right time c. Right person
b. Right dose d. Right documentation
153. A hospital uses a scan system to identify clients prior to administering medications. Nurses are frustrated
because the new system is adding time to medication administration. Instead of scanning the client’s identification
bracelet, the nurses scan the client’s identification sticker, which is found on the client’s chart. Subsequently, a
nurse administers the wrong medication to the client. The nurse manager concludes this error was possibly
caused by which of the following?
a. Inefficient systems and Inadequate c. Improperly labeled medications
process d. Transcriber oversight
b. Inept conditions
154. A nurse is a unit representative to a hospital committee that reviews medication errors. One error under current
review occurred on a medical unit that is poorly staffed, requiring each nurse to be assigned to eight clients. The
nurse anticipates that this medication error most likely occurred because of which of the following?
a. Faulty systems c. Failure in processes
b. Unit-specific conditions d. Pharmacy errors

155. A nurse manager delegates some tasks to the charge nurse, such as assisting with the development of the
schedule, evaluations, employment, and termination of staff. The charge nurse is promoted to nurse manager of a
surgical unit. The new nurse manager is aware that which type of leadership is inherent in the new position?
a. Informal c. Compassionate
b. Formal d. Charismatic
156. A staff nurse mentors new nurses and provides advice and guidance for staff. The nurse accepts voluntary tasks
and jobs. The nurse manager identifies that this nurse uses which form of leadership?
a. Formal c. Democratic
b. Informal d. Laissez-faire
157. 46. The new nurse manager plans to engage in which of the following action as part of the role expectations of
this new position?
a. Plan, organize, and supervise c. Restructure the organization
b. Delegate and coordinate unit tasks d. Critique the mission of the organization
158. A nurse prepares for the day, and makes a list of delegated tasks for the nursing aide. Which task should the
nurse delegate to the nursing aide?
a. Feed a client admitted with a stroke who has dysphagia
b. Monitor drainage from the chest tube of a client with hemothorax
c. Recheck vital signs on client whose blood pressure is 190/102 mm Hg.
d. Turn and reposition a client with multiple sclerosis who has severe weakness.
159. A registered nurse (RN) assesses a client and finds the client uses accessory muscles to breathe and has a
respiratory rate of 27 breaths/minute. Two hours previously, this client was eupneic with a respiratory rate of 18.
What are the best actions for the nurse to take next?
a. Stay with client; call the nursing aide to bring pulse oximeter, and check the client’s oxygen (O2) saturation
level.
b. Obtain a pulse oximeter; check the client’s O2 saturation and ask the nursing aide to check vital signs.
c. Obtain a pulse oximeter; check the client’s O2 saturation level; and solicit support from the charge nurse.
d. Stay with the client; call the charge nurse for help; call the nursing aide to bring pulse oximeter
and vital signs monitor to the room.
160. A nursing aide is assigned to the care of several clients. One client is receiving morphine via intravenous push
(IVP) for left shoulder pain rated as 7 on scale of 1 to 10. A second client has an order for oral digoxin (Lanoxin)
and furosemide (Lasix) for congestive heart failure (CHF). A third element is stable and has vitamins ordered to
improve wound healing. Which task should the nursing aide reverse delegate to a registered nurse (RN)?
a. Administration of IVP morphine for the client with pain.
b. Administration of oral medications for the client with CHF
c. Administration of vitamins for the stable client with wounds.
d. None, the nursing aide should administer all medications to these clients

161. A charge nurse makes assignment for the day. Which client should the registered nurse assign to the
nursing aide?
 a. A client with sickle cell anemia requiring pain medication every 3 hours
b. A four-day postoperative client with hypertension who will be discharged today.
c. A 76-year old client admitted three days ago with type 2 diabetes mellitus
d. A client who underwent repair of a fractured leg and pelvis who has a hemoglobin of 6.4 grams/dL.
162. An applicant for a nurse manager position tours a nursing unit following an interview and finds one nursing
assistant performing wound care and venipunctures while another nursing assistant is administering oral
and parental medications. The registered nurses (RNs) are completing assessments. The charge nurse is
administering IV push (IVP) and IV piggyback (IVPB) medications. The nurse applicant concludes that the
unit utilizes which care delivery model?
a. Task c. Primary
b. Operational d. Team
163. The nursing supervisor telephones a medical-surgical unit informs the charge nurse that clients from the
emergency department and operating room will be admitted to the unit. The ED is sending a client who has
pneumonia and a history of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The OR is sending two clients, who had a total
abdominal hysterectomy and another who underwent right hip replacement. How should the charge nurse
assign these clients?
a. Assign a registered nurse an orientation to the postoperative client who underwent hip replacement.
b. Assign a skilled RN to the postoperative client with the hip replacement.
c. Assigned a nursing aide to the client with pneumonia and DM.
d. Assign another nursing aide to the client who underwent abdominal hysterectomy.
164. A client has residual deficits from a stroke two years ago and requires assistance with activities of daily
living (ADLs). The client is treated for a urinary tract Ketorolac (Toradol) for management of back pain. The
client has wound care twice a day to an arterial leg ulcer. Which tasks should the nursing aide delegate to
the nursing assistant and charge nurse?
a. ADLs should be delegated to nursing assistant; IV medications and wound care should be
delegated to the charge nurse.
b. ADLs should be delegated to nursing assistant; IV medications should be delegated to the charge
nurse.
c. Wound care and ADLs should be delegated to nursing assistant; IV medications should be delegated
to the charge nurse.
d. Wound care and ADLs should be delegated to nursing assistant and antibiotics should be delegated
to the charge nurse.
165. A charge nurse is floated to the rehabilitation unit because the usual charge nurse has a sick day, and the
nurse observes the following. On each wing there is a registered/licensed practical nurse (RN/nursing
aide)or (RN)/nursing assistant pair that provides care for a group of eight clients. The nurse concludes that
which care delivery system is being utilized on this unit?
a. Task c. Paired
b. Primary d. Team
166. A nurse is assigned to the care of a client with an unsteady gait. The client is later found by the certified
nursing assistant lying on the floor; the client reports right hip pain. How should the nurse document this
incident?
a. Complete an incident report and file a copy in the client’s medical record.
b. Complete an incident report and document the client’s medical record.
c. Record the incident in the client’s chart and place a copy in the nurse’s record.
d. Complete an incident report and give the client’s caregivers a copy for their records.
167. An obstetric unit nurse floats to a medical unit to care for a group of acutely ill clients. The charge nurse
should assign which group of clients to the float nurse?
a. A client with an old stroke; a client with a three-day-old total knee replacement; a 30 year old client
with pneumonia; and a 20-year-old client with an exacerbation of asthma.
b. An 80-year-old client with dehydration; a 75-year-old client with atrial fibrillation; a 62-year-old
postoperative client who underwent colectomy; and a 90-year-old client with a hip fracture.
c. A client with an old stroke; a client with a 3-day-old hip replacement; a client with atrial fibrillation; and
a postoperative client with a hysterectomy.
d. A 30-year-old client with pneumonia; a 20-year old client with a total hip replacement; and a
postoperative client with hysterectomy.
168. A nurse manager assists other staff to support the agency’s client-centered vision by installing a client
conference room. The manager demonstrates which function of the management process?
a. Planning and setting direction
b. Organizing and aligning people
c. Getting others to believe the message
d. Controlling
169. A charge nurse often provides guidance to the staff and helps with problem solving as challenges arise.
The charge nurse uses which strategy to develop staff members?
a.Personal attention c.Precepting
b.Role modeling d.Mentoring
170. A nurse manager who is confident, committed and ambitious is implementing which managerial theory as a
guide to personal leadership style?
a.Behavioral theory c.Contemporary theory
b. Trait theory d.Contingency theory
171. A nurse leader analyzes data on the number of urinary tract infections in clients on a medical unit. This
leader uses which function of management?
a.Planning and setting direction c.Getting others to believe in the message
b.Organizing and aligning people d. Controlling
172. The nurses on a clinical nursing unit are frustrated with the number of client falls on the unit during the last
three months and a plan needs to be developed to reduce the unit’s fall rate. The staff has voiced a number
of ideas on how to accomplish this. Which situational leadership style would be best for the nurse leader to
use in this situation to support staff in meeting this goal?
a.Telling/ directing style c.Participating/ supporting style
b.Selling/ coaching style d.Delegating and monitoring style
173. A client experiences respiratory distress with shallow respirations at rate of 32/minute. The client has
assumed an orthopneic position and is pale and confused. Heart rate is 118 bpm and blood pressure is
90/40 mmHg. Which tasks should the nurse delegate to the charge nurse?
a. Completion of a head-to-toe c. Application of oxygen per protocol
assessment order
b. Insertion of a second IV line d. Paging of the respiratory therapist
174. A registered nurse (RN) delegates complicated wound care to a nursing aide. The nursing aide has only
changed this type of dressing once. Which component of delegation has the RN neglected?
a.Authority c.Communication
b. Competency d.Responsibility
175. A charge nurse must begin the shift overwhelmed by many nursing care activities that need to be
completed. The staff has been working short-handed for months, and the charge nurse has become
reluctant to delegate nursing activities such as checking the code cart and performing narcotic counts to
other qualified staff. When questioned by the nursing supervisor about insufficient delegation, the nurse
explains that which barrier is of key concern at this time?
a. Inadequate support c. Hostile environment
b. Disorganization d. Incompetence
176. A nurse assists a client in room A with lunch. The charge nurse calls the nurse and reports the client in
room C reports pain and is requesting pain medication. What is the nurse’s best action?
a.Finish feeding client in room A, then medicate client in room C for pain.
b.Stop feeding client in room A and medicate client in room C for pain.
c.Finish feeding client in room A and ask charge nurse to medicate client in room C.
d. Ask charge nurse to feed client in room A while nurse medicates client in room C for pain.
177. The care delivery system on a medical nursing unit is team nursing. On wing A, there is a registered nurse
(RN) and a licensed practical/vocational nurse team to care for eight clients. Which tasks should the RN
delegate to the nursing aide?
a.Vital signs and assessment on a postoperative client
b.Wound care and oral and intravenous (IV) medications for all clients
c.Vital signs and hygiene care on all eight clients
d.Assessments on two young, stable clients
178. A nurse receives a call from a client’s son who is requesting specific information about the client’s
diagnosis for “insurance purposes”. How should the nurse respond to the client’s son?
a.“Your mother is doing a lot better, she’ll be discharged within the last few days.
b.“You have no right to ask such questions about your mother’s care.”
c.Privacy regulations preclude me from disclosing information about our clients.”
d.“I can only provide you with your mother’s surgical procedures, but that is all.
179. After noting an increase in the number of medication errors on the night shift, the nurse manager wishes to
reduce them. The manager decides to review the processes used on the unit and the hospital from the time
an order is written until the medication arrives on the unit. A nurse who is assisting the manager
understands that what process is being used
a.Quality assurance c.Process management
b.Quality improvement d.Evidence-based research
180. A nurse manager is analyzing the nurse/client ratio and the process of client care assignments on the
nursing unit. A nurse working on the unit anticipates that which if the following is the best expected outcome
for this task?
a.Identification of errors due to poor staffing
b. Assessment of client falls and incidents
c.Identification of a new process of client assignments
d.Identification of a new process of client assignment.
181. A nurse leader plans to discharge a client and considers the reasons for the client’s admission and types of
treatment. Reasons for admission and types of treatment are data used in which of the following?
a.Risk management c.Quality assurance
b. Utilization review d.Benchmarks
182. The nurse attends a hospital in service program on customer relations as part of a major hospital effort at
improving the public image of the hospital. The nurse learns that which of the following is the best example
of an external customer?
a.Client c.Physician
b.Nurse in the emergency department d.Phlebotomist
183. A nurse manager surveys clients about their perception of services while receiving care on the nursing unit.
The nurse assisting with data collection understands that this activity represents which component of quality
improvement?
a.Intermittent analysis c.Error prevention
b.Process effectiveness d. Customer Satisfaction
184. A nurse who is the nursing unit representative to the hospital Nursing Practice Committee gathers
information about the frequency and severity of client falls on the assigned nursing unit. The nurse explains
to a new graduate nurse that this activity represents which step of the quality improvement process?
a.Priority setting c.Evaluation
b. Data collection d.Communication
185. A nurse manager of an orthopedic nursing unit clinical pathways to facilitate decisions for nursing care of
orthopedic clients. The nurse working on the unit is aware that a client pathway is an example of which of
the following?
a.Data collection tool c.Communication tool
b.Clinical outcome d.Benchmarking tool
186. Ms. Castro is newly-promoted to a patient care manager position. She updates her knowledge on the
theories in management and leadership in order to become effective in her new role. She learns that some
managers have low concern for services and high concern for staff. Which style of management refers to
this?
a.Organization Man c. Country Club Management
b. Impoverished Management d. Team Management
187. Harry is a Unit Manager I the Medical Unit. He is not satisfied with the way things are going in his unit.
Patient satisfaction rate is 60% for two consecutive months and staff morale is at its lowest. He decides to
plan and initiate changes that will push for a turnaround in the condition of the unit. Which of the following
actions is a priority for Harry?
a.Call for a staff meeting and take this up in the agenda.
b.Seek help from her manager.
c.Develop a strategic action on how to deal with these concerns.
d. Ignore the issues since these will be resolved naturally.
188. She knows that there are external forces that influence changes in his unit. Which of the following is NOT
an external force?
a.Memo from the CEO to cut down on electrical consumption
b.Demands of the labor sector to increase wages
c. Low morale of staff in her unit
d. Exacting regulatory and accreditation standards
189. After discussing the possible effects of the low patient satisfaction rate, the staff started to list down
possible strategies to solve the problems head-on. Should they decide to vote on the best change strategy,
which of the following strategies is referred to this?
a.Collaboration c.Dominance
b. Majority rule d.Compromise
190. One staff suggests that they review the pattern of nursing care that they are using, which is described as a:
a.job description c. manual of procedure
b.system used to deliver care d. rules to be followed
191. Julius is a newly-appointed nurse manager of The Good Shepherd Medical Center, a tertiary hospital
located within the heart of the metropolis. He thinks of scheduling planning workshop with his staff in order
to ensure an effective and efficient management of the department. Should he decide to conduct a strategic
planning workshop, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of this activity?
a.Long-term goal-setting d. Determines directions of the
b. Extends to 3-5 years in the future organization
c. Focuses on routine tasks
192. Which of the following statements refer to the vision of the hospital?
a.The Good Shepherd Medical Center is a trendsetter in tertiary health care in the Philippines in
the next five years
b.The officers and staff of The Good Shepherd Medical Center believe in the unique nature of the
human person
c. All the nurses shall undergo continuing competency training program.
d.The Good Shepherd Medical Center aims to provide a patient-centered care in a total healing
environment.
193. The statement, “The Good Shepherd Medical Center aims to provide patient-centered care in a total
healing environment” refers to which of the following?
a.Vision c.Philosophy
b. Goal d.Mission
194. Julius plans to revisit the organizational chart of the department. He plans to create a new position of a
Patient Educator who has a coordinating relationship with the head nurse in the unit. Which of the following
will likely depict this organizational relationship?
a.Box c.Broken line
b.Solid line d.Dotted line
195. He likewise stresses the need for all the employees to follow orders and instructions from him and not
from anyone else. Which of the following principles does he refer to?
a. Scalar chain c. Unity of command
b. Discipline d. Order
196. Julius orients his staff on the patterns of reporting relationship throughout the organization. Which of the
following principles refer to this?
a. Span of control c. Esprit d’ corps
b. Hierarchy d. Unity of direction
197. He emphasizes to the team that they need to put their efforts together towards the attainment of the goals
of the program. Which of the following principles refers to this?
a. Span of control c. Unity of command
b. Unity of direction d. Command responsibility
198. Julius stresses the importance of promoting ‘esprit d corps’ among the members of the unit. Which of the
following remarks of the staff indicates that they understand what he pointed out?
a. “Let’s work together in harmony; we need to be supportive of one another”
b. “In order that we achieve the same results; we must all follow the directives of Julius and not from
other managers.”
c. “We will ensure that all the resources we need are available when needed.”
d. “We need to put our efforts together in order to raise the bar of excellence in the care we provide to all
our patients.”
199. He discusses the goal of the department. Which of the following statements is a goal?
a. Increase the patient satisfaction rate
b. Eliminate the incidence of delayed administration of medications
c. Establish rapport with patients.
d. Reduce response time to two minutes
200. He wants to influence the customary way of thinking and behaving that is shared by the members of the
department. Which of the following terms refer to this?
a. Organizational chart c. Organizational structure
b. Cultural network d. Organizational culture
201. He asserts the importance of promoting a positive organizational culture in their unit. Which of the
following behaviors indicate that this is attained by the group?
a. Proactive and caring with one c. Powerful and oppositional
another d. Obedient and uncomplaining
b. Competitive and perfectionist
202. Stephanie is a new Staff Educator of a private tertiary hospital. She conducts orientation among new staff
nurses in her department. Joseph, one of the new staff nurses, wants to understand the channel of
communication, span of control and lines of communication. Which of the following will provide this
information?
a. Organizational structure
b. Policy
c. Job description
d. Manual of procedures
203. Stephanie is often seen interacting with the medical intern during coffee breaks and after duty hours. What
type of organizational structure is this?
a.Formal c.Staff
b. Informal d. Line
204. She takes pride in saying that the hospital has a decentralized structure. Which of the following is NOT
compatible with this type of model?
a.Flat organization c. Shared governance
b. Participatory approach d. Tall organization
205. Centralized organizations have some advantages. Which of the following statements are TRUE?
1. Highly cost-effective
2. Makes management easier
3. Reflects the interest of the worker
4. Allows quick decisions or actions.
a. 1 & 2 c. 2, 3& 4
b. 2 & 4 d. 1, 2, & 4
206. Stephanie delegates effectively if she has authority to act, which is BEST defined as:
a.having responsibility to direct others c. having legitimate right to act
b.being accountable to the organization d. telling others what to do
207. Regardless of the size of a work group, enough staff must be available at all times to accomplish certain
purposes. Which of these purposes is NOT included?
a.Meet the needs of patients c.Cover all time periods adequately.
b. Provide a pair of hands to other units d.Allow for growth and development of
as needed nursing staff.
208. Which of the following guidelines should be least considered in formulating objectives for nursing care?
a.Written nursing care plan c.Prescribed standards
b.Holistic approach d. Staff preferences
209. As a young manager, she knows that conflict occurs in any organization. Which of the following
statements regarding conflict is NOT true?
A. Can be destructive if the level is too high
B. Is not beneficial; hence it should be prevented at all times
C. May result in poor performance
D. May create leaders
210. Katherine tells one of the staff, “I don’t have time to discuss the matter with you now. See me in my office
later” when the latter asks if they can talk about an issue. Which of the following conflict resolution strategies
did she use?
A. Smoothing C. Avoidance
B. Compromise D. Restriction
211. Kathleen knows that one of her staff is experiencing burnout. Which of the following is the best thing for
her to do?
A. Advise her staff to go on vacation.
B. Ignore her observations; it will be resolved even without intervention
C. Remind her to show loyalty to the institution.
D. Let the staff ventilate her feelings and ask how she can be of help.
212. She knows that performance appraisal consists of all the following activities EXCEPT:
A. Setting specific standards and activities for individual performance.
B. Using agency standards as a guide.
C. Determine areas of strength and weaknesses
D. Focusing activity on the correction of identified behavior.
213. Which of the following statements is NOT true about performance appraisal?
A. Informing the staff about the specific impressions of their work help improve their performance.
B. A verbal appraisal is an acceptable substitute for a written report
C. Patients are the best source of information regarding personnel appraisal.
D. The outcome of performance appraisal rests primarily with the staff.
214. There are times when Katherine evaluates her staff as she makes her daily rounds. Which of the following
is NOT a benefit of conducting an informal appraisal?
A. The staff member is observed in natural setting.
B. Incidental confrontation and collaboration is allowed.
C. The evaluation is focused on objective data systematically.
D. The evaluation may provide valid information for compilation of a formal report.
215. She conducts a 6-month performance review session with a staff member. Which of the following actions
is appropriate?
A. She asks another nurse to attest the session as a witness.
B. She informs the staff that she may ask another nurse to read the appraisal before the session is over.
C. She tells the staff that the session is manager-centered.
D. The session is private between the two members.
216. Alexandra is tasked to organize the new wing of the hospital. She was given the authority to do as she
deems fit. She is aware that the director of nursing has substantial trust and confidence in her capabilities,
communicates through downward and upward channels and usually uses the ideas and opinions of her
staff. Which of the following is her style of management?

A. Benevolent –authoritative C. Exploitive-authoritative

B. Consultative D. Participative
217. She decides to illustrate the organizational structure. Which of the following elements is NOT included?
A. Level of authority C. Span of control
B. Lines of communication D. Unity of direction
218. She plans of assigning competent people to fill the roles designed in the hierarchy. Which process refers
to this?
A. Staffing C. Recruitment
B. Scheduling D. Induction
219. She checks the documentary requirements for the applicants for staff nurse position. Which one is NOT
necessary?

A. Certificate of previous employment

B. Record of related learning experience (RLE)
C. Membership to accredited professional organization
D. Professional identification card
220. Which phase of the employment process includes getting on the payroll and completing documentary
requirements?
A. Orientation C. Selection
B. Induction D. Recruitment
221. She tries to design an organizational structure that allows communication to flow in all directions and
involve workers in decision making. Which form of organizational structure is this?
A. Centralized C. Matrix
B. Decentralized D. Informal
222. In a horizontal chart, the lowest level worker is located at the

A. Leftmost box C. Rightmost box

B. Middle D. Bottom

223. She decides to have a decentralized staffing system. Which of the following is an advantage of this system
of staffing?

A. greater control of activities D. Promotes better interpersonal

B. Conserves time relationship
C. Compatible with computerization

224. Aubrey thinks about primary nursing as a system to deliver care. Which of the following activities is NOT
done by a primary nurse?
A. Collaborates with the physician
B. Provides care to a group of patients together with a group of nurses
C. Provides care for 5-6 patients during their hospital stay.
D. Performs comprehensive initial assessment
225. Which pattern of nursing care involves the care given by a group of paraprofessional workers led by a
professional nurse who take care of patients with the same disease conditions and are located
geographically near each other?

A. Case method C. Nursing case management

B. Modular nursing D. Team nursing

226. St. Raphael Medical Center just opened its new Performance Improvement Department. Ms. Valencia is
appointed as the Quality Control Officer. She commits herself to her new role and plans her strategies to
realize the goals and objectives of the department. Which of the following is a primary task that they should
perform to have an effective control system?

A. Make an interpretation about strengths and weaknesses

B. Identify the values of the department
C. Identify structure, process, outcome standards & criteria
D. Measure actual performances
227. Ms. Valencia develops the standards to be followed. Among the following standards, which is considered
as a structure standard?
A. The patients verbalized satisfaction of the nursing care received
B. Rotation of duty will be done every four weeks for all patient care personnel.
C. All patients shall have their weights taken recorded
D. Patients shall answer the evaluation form before discharge
228. When she presents the nursing procedures to be followed, she refers to what type of standards?

A. Process C. Structure
B. Outcome D. Criteria

229. The following are basic steps in the controlling process of the department. Which of the following is NOT
included?
A. Measure actual performance
B. Set nursing standards and criteria
C. Compare results of performance to standards and objectives
D. Identify possible courses of action

230. Which of the following statements refers to criteria?

A. Agreed on level of nursing care

B. Characteristics used to measure the level of nursing care
C. Step-by-step guidelines
D. Statement which guide the group in decision making and problem solving
231. She wants to ensure that every task is carried out as planned. Which of the following tasks is NOT
included in the controlling process?

A. Instructing the members of the standards committee to prepare policies

B. Reviewing the existing policies of the hospital
C. Evaluating the credentials of all nursing staff
D. Checking if activities conform to schedule

232. Ms. Valencia prepares the process standards. Which of the following is NOT a process standard?
A. Initial assessment shall be done to all patients within twenty four hours upon admission.
B. Informed consent shall be secured prior to any invasive procedure
C. Patients’ reports 95% satisfaction rate prior to discharge from the hospital.
D. Patient education about their illness and treatment shall be provided for all patients and their families.
233. Which of the following is evidence that the controlling process is effective?

A. The things that were planned are done

B. Physicians do not complain.
C. Employees are contended
D. There is an increase in customer satisfaction rate.

234. Ms. Valencia is responsible to the number of personnel reporting to her. This principle refers to:

A. Span of control C. Carrot and stick principle

B. Unity of command D. Esprit d’ corps

235. She notes that there is an increasing unrest of the staff due to fatigue brought about by shortage of staff.
Which action is a priority?

A. Evaluate the overall result of the unrest C. Develop a plan and implement it
B. Initiate a group interaction D. Identify external and internal forces.
236. He thinks of an appropriate theoretical framework. Whose theory addresses the four modes of adaptation?

A. Martha Rogers C. Florence Nightingale

B. Sr. Callista Roy D. Jean Watson

237. The nursing theorist who developed transcultural nursing theory is

A. Dorothea Orem C. Betty Newman
B. Madeleine Leininger D. Sr. Callista Roy

238. Which of the following codes of research ethics requires informed consent in all cases governing human
subjects?
A. Helsinki Declaration C. Belmont Report
B. Nuremberg Code D. ICN Code of Ethics
239. Which of the following ethical principles was NOT articulated in the Belmont Report?
A. Beneficence C. Justice
B. Respect for human dignity D. Non-maleficence

240. Which one of the following criteria should be considered as a top priority in nursing care?
A. Avoidance of destructive changes C. Assurance of safety
B. Preservation of life D. Preservation of integrity

241. Which of the following procedures ensures that the investigator has fully described to prospective subjects
the nature of the study and the subject's rights?

A. Debriefing C. Informed consent

B. Full disclosure D. Cover data collection

242. After the review session has been completed, Karen and the staff signed the document. Which of the
following is the purpose of this?
A. Agree about the content of the evaluation.
B. Signify disagreement of the content of the evaluation.
C. Document that Karen and the staff reviewed the evaluation.
D. Serve as basis for future evaluation.
243. Ensuring that there is an informed consent on the part of the patient before a surgery is done, illustrates
the bioethical principle of:
A. Beneficence C. Truth telling/veracity
B. Autonomy D. Non-maleficence

244. When a nurse is providing care to her/his patient, s/he must remember that she is duty bound not to do
doing any action that will cause the patient harm. This is the meaning of the bioethical principle:
A. Non-maleficence C. Justice
B. Beneficence D. Solidarity

245. When the patient is asked to testify in court, s/he must abide by the ethical principle of:
A. Privileged communication C. Solidarity
B. Informed consent D. Autonomy

246. When the doctor orders “do not resuscitate”, this means that
A. The nurse need not give due care to the patient since s/he is terminally ill
B. The patient need not be given food and water after all s/he is dying
C. The nurses and the attending physician should not do any heroic or extraordinary measures
for the patient
D. The patient need not be given ordinary care so that her/his dying process is hastened
247. Which of the following statements is TRUE of abortion in the Philippines?
A. Induced abortion is allowed in cases of rape and incest
B. Induced abortion is both a criminal act and an unethical act for the nurse
C. Abortion maybe considered acceptable if the mother is unprepared for the pregnancy
D. A nurse who performs induced abortion will have no legal accountability if the mother requested that
the abortion done on her.
248. The nurse has recently been assigned to manage a pulmonary progressive unit at a large urban hospital.
The nurse's leadership style is participative, with the belief that all staff members assist in decision making
and the development of the unit's goals. The nurse is implementing which leadership style?
A. democratic C. autocratic
B. laissez faire D. situational
249. A physician has written an order for a vest restraint to be applied on a client from 10:00 pm to 7:00 am
because the client becomes disoriented during the night and is at risk for falls. At 11:00 pm, the charge
nurse makes rounds on all of the clients with the vest restraint, which observation by the charge nurse would
indicate that the nurse who cared for this client performed an unsafe action in the use of the restraint?
A. a safety knot was used to secure the restraint
B. the client's record indicates that the restraint will be released every 2 hours
C. the restraint was applied tightly
D. the call light was placed within reach of the client
250. A new nursing graduate is attending an agency orientation regarding the nursing model of practice
implemented in the health care facility. The nurse is told that the nursing model is a team nursing approach.
The nurse understands that planning care delivery will be based on which characteristic of this type of
nursing model of practice?
A. a task approach method is used to provide care to clients
B. managed care concepts and tools are used in providing client care
C. an RN leads nursing personnel in providing care to a group of clients
D. a single RN is responsible for providing nursing care to a group of clients
251. The nurse manager has implemented a change in the method of the nursing delivery system from
functional to team nursing. A nursing assistant is resistant to the change and is not taking an active part in
facilitating theprocess of change. Which of the following is the best approach in dealing with the
nursing assistant?
A. ignore the resistance
B. exert coercion with the nursing assistant
C. provide a positive reward system for the nursing assistant
D. confront the nursing assistant to encourage verbalization of feelings regarding the change
252. A nursing instructor asks the nursing student to describe the definition of a critical path. Which of the
following statements, if made by the student, indicates a need for further understanding regarding critical
paths?
A. they are developed through the collaborative efforts of all members of the health care team
B. they provide an effective way of monitoring care and for reducing or controlling the length of hospital stay
for the client
C. they are developed based on appropriate standards of care
D. they are nursing care plans and use the steps of the nursing process
253. The nurse manager is planning to implement a change in the nursing unit from team nursing to primary
nursing. The nurse anticipates that there will be resistance to the change during the change process. The
primary technique that the nurse would use in implementing this change is which of the following?
A. introduce the change gradually
B. confront the individuals involved in the change process
C. use coercion to implement the change
D. manipulate the participants in the change process
254. When assessing a client, it is important for the nurse to be informed about cultural issues related to the
client’s background because:
A. Normal patterns of behavior may be labeled as deviant, immoral, or insane
B. The meaning of the client’s behavior can be derived from conventional wisdom
C. Personal values will guide the interaction between persons from 2 cultures
D. The nurse should rely on her knowledge of different developmental mental stages
255. A new head nurse on a unit is distressed about the poor staffing on the 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. shift. What should
she do?
A. Complain to her fellow nurses
B. Wait until she knows more about the unit
C. Discuss the problem with her supervisor
D. Inform the staff that they must volunteer to rotate
256. Which of the following theorists represents a traditional management viewpoint?
A. Fayol. C. Ouchi.
B. Hock. D. Hawthorne
257. The individual recognized as the “father of scientific management” is:
A. Fayol. C. Taylor.
B. Weber. D. Ouchi.
258. Max Weber is known for the development of which management theory?
A. Bureaucratic management. C. Humanistic management.
B. Scientific management. D. Transformational leadership.
259. Which of the following management theorists conducted the famous experiment at the Hawthorne Electric
Plant in which employee productivity increased regardless of the type of intervention implemented at the
plant?
A. Weber. C. McGregor.
B. Mayo. D. Hock.
260. Which employee is most likely to be a representative of Generation X?
A. Mary, who has worked at the hospital for 10 years and would not think of quitting.
B. Sue, who is motivated by money and will change jobs when she is no longer challenged.
C. Bill, who is a hands-on learner and likes teamwork.
D. Jeff, who always wants to know why an action is being taken.
 261. Which theory emphasizes the importance of cooperation and participation in the workplace?
a. Chaos Theory. c. Classical Theory.
b. Systems Theory. d. Neoclassical Theory.
262. When reviewing an organizational chart, what represents the formal line of authority and responsibility
within the organization?
a. Specialization of labor. c. Span of control.
b. Chain of command. d. Organizational structure
263. The basic concept behind a learning organization is:
a. The popularity to change. c. The adaptation to change.
b. The people change. d. The resources of change
264. Which one of the following sets the standards for behavior within the organization?
a. The mission. c. The philosophy.
b. The values. d. The vision
265. Line and staff positions are identified on the organization chart. What does the line position denote?
a. Who is responsible to whom within the organization.
b. Advisory relationships between employees.
c. The number of people reporting to each manager.
d. How the decisions are made by the employer.
266. Which type of structure has decision making and power being led by a few people?
a. Flat. d. Tall.
b. Integrated. e. Quarterly.
c. Matrix.
267. She tries to design an organizational structure that allows communication to flow in all directions and
involve workers in decision making. Which form of organizational structure is this?
A. Centralized C. Matrix
B. Decentralized D. Informal
268. In a horizontal chart, the lowest level worker is located at the
A. Leftmost box C. Rightmost box
B. Middle D. Bottom

NURSING ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT

Situation : In her first day of orientation, Nurse Dorina was oriented on the basic concepts of
organization, the administration and management of nursing service department. The following
questions pertain to these basic concepts.
269. The over-all direction of the organization with the aim of efficiency, effectivity, economy and productivity is
termed:
a. Organization c. Management
b. Administration d. Supervision
270. The nature of the tasks of each organization of the hospital may be learned from the following, EXCEPT:
a. Job, description c. Policies, procedures
b. Goals, objectives d. Group norms, values
271. Nurse Dorina must be well versed with the styles and techniques on how to influence others to seek
defined objectives which she has to discover from her nurse managers, which is:
a. Administration c. Leadership
b. Management d. Motivation
272. For Nurse Dorina to understand the organizational structure and design of the organization, she has to
study the hospital’s:
a. Manual of procedures c. Organizational chart
b. SOP’s d. Mission and vision
273. There are things that Nurse Dorina must know before she signs the Contact of Employment. Which of the
following is not a must for her to know;
a. Fringe of benefits c. Job functions
b. Salary and wages d. Problems of fellow workers

Situation : Nursing Management process consists of planning, organizing, directing and controlling. All
nurse managers must be knowledgeable on the basic concepts of these four processes. The following
questions pertain to these concepts:

274. Basic to sound management is:

a. Controlling c. Planning
b. Directing d. Organizing
275. The objective, policies, procedure which gives the direction to the nursing personnel are derived from the
institution’s:
a. Philosophy-vision-mission-goals c. Performance criteria
b. Orientation syllabus d. Employees handbook

276. To implement policies, series of steps with rationale are followed by the nurse manager. This process
describes:
a. Her unit profile c. Cues from the environment
b. Targets d. Procedures

277. The nurse manager wishes to change the modality of nursing care whereby a professional nurse leads
non-professional personnel to provide acre for a group of patients known as:
a. Progressive nursing care c. Functional nursing
b. Team nursing d. Total patient care

278. Altering the modality of care in her unit, the nurse leader would necessitate change that is deliberate well
thought as in the case of:
a. Change strategist c. A change agent
b. Change by drift d. Planned change

279. The nurse manager supportive and motivating role would be built on Mc Gregor’s:
a. Two-factor theory c. X-Y theory
b. Needs theory d. Theory Z

280. It would be best for the nurse manager to be aware of rifts that may arise from difference in value, feelings
of other people and which could lead to:
a. Strike c. Conflict
b. Collective bargaining d. Unionism

281. Choosing from set of alternatives based on needs and problems is a process of:
a. Decision making c. Negotiation
b. Problem solving d. Conflict resolution

282. As head nurse of the unit, Miss Paloc, RN must target a degree of excellence in the provision of nursing
care through a:
a. Staff development program c. Rational staffing plan
b. Quality assurance d. Quality control

283. Such program will require a process of evaluation of the degree of attained desired excellence through:
a. Nursing audit c. Nursing standard
b. Validity d. Reliability test

284. This activity in no. 48 may be done through:

a. Performance appraisal c. Performance interview
b. Job induction/ orientation d. Appropriate selection
285. The above activity in number 47-49 is dimensions of what process in management?
a. Directing c. Organizing
b. Planning d. Controlling
286. As head nurse, Miss Paloc must have the ability to stir subordinate into action which is referred to as:
a. Organization
b. Motivation
c. Leadership
d. Management

Situation : Pilar, a community health nurse manager in Barangay Rosal needs to plan for the meaningful
activities of the municipal health unit. The following matters pertain to planning;

287. The basic tools of management planning includes the following;

a. SWOT analysis
b. Pilot testing
c. Statement of policy
d. All of the above
288. Unionization, legislative change, economic drawbacks must be considered in planning as;
a. Strengths c. Opportunities
b. Weaknesses d. Threats
289. The statement of philosophy in planning tells us about;
a. Values or beliefs of the organization c. Concrete statement of objectives
b. Reason why the organization exists d. All of the above
290. The objectives, goals, purposes of the organization are statements of:
a. Values or beliefs of the organization c. Policies to be implemented
b. Major accomplishments d. Reason why the organization exists
291. Budgeting is one of the activities of planning. The concept related to budgeting is;
a. Value for time c. Value for people
b. Value for money d. All of the above

Situation : Directing, Controlling, Change, Conflict and other basic concepts of the organization: As a
nurse manager, Mrs. Reyes, reviewed several concepts of Nursing Management and Leadership and
encountered the following pertinent questions;

292. When the head nurse was asked how she organizes nursing activities, she told the nurse supervisor that,
she gather her team members, and formulate goals and targets on how often it will concur, thus, she is
managing by:
a. Objectives c. Situation
b. Contingency d. Exception
293. She was asked to be task-oriented by the chief nurse in dealing with her subordinates for her to be:
a. Machinist c. Theory X
b. Nomothetic d. All of the above
294. Major elements of directing activities include the following except:
a. Motivation c. Leadership
b. Quality assurance d. Communication
295. When the head nurse has evaluated the staff nurses in terms of her impression and close relationship with
the staff nurse, she is affected by:
a. Hawthorne effect c. Both A and B
b. Halo effect d. None of the above
296. The last and final step when introducing change in the organization is;
a. Moving on c. Unfreezing
b. Refreezing d. A and B only
297. Resistance to change can set aside if:
a. Members are not left out c. It is introduced gradually in a
b. Force field analysis are done collaborative manner
d. All of the above
298. Quality assurance program involves the following;
a. Programs to determine compliance with standards
b. Avenue to determine excellence
c. Continuous action to improve deficiencies
d. All of the above
299. In the resolution of the problems of the organization, various modalities of care are implemented to attain
such goals, which describes the characteristics of organization such as;
a. Negative entropy c. Throughput
b. Equifinality d. Integration and coordination
300. When the nurse manager, resolves conflict by liability ad his own accountability, the conflict resolution
style is;
a. Friendly helper c. Compromiser
b. Avoider d. Problem-solver
301. When the nurse manager, prioritizes and makes big decisions above anything is observing the principles
of:
a. Exception c. Delegation
b. Decision-making d. Planning
SITUATION – Effective management is achieved through planning, organizing, directing or controlling
and is impacted by variety of organizational and people-centered characteristics.
302. The purpose of management is to coordinate and direct actions and assign resources in order to:
a. Achieve the organization’s objective
b. Receive promotion
c. Develop high quality staff
d. Keep staff turnover as low as possible
303. Which of the following statements about management is true?
a. It focuses on clinical excellence
b. It tends to attract people who like quite, routine work without interruptions
c. It focuses on issues such as cost, productivity, effectiveness and staffing
d. It is synonymous with leadership
304. The management function that involves determining the objectives of an organization and asks needed to
complete objectives is:
a. Staffing c. Planning
b. Directing d. Controlling
305. When a person internalizes a set of standards or codes of behavior, this is called:
a. Decision making c. Productivity
b. Managerial surveillance d. Socialization
306. A manager with a narrow span of control will:
a. Directly supervise more than 10 staff members
b. Have greater opportunities for direct observation and control of staff
c. Tend to oversee staff with a high level of training
d. Be unable to motivate staff members
307. Identifying problems, establishing criteria, seeking and evaluating alternatives, and selecting the best
choice are steps in management function of:
a. Controlling c. Staffing
b. Decision making d. Directing
308. MBO stands for management by:
a. Organization c. Objectives
b. Opposition d. Oversight
309. The time and motion studies developed by ___________resulted in “ one best way” of carrying out
specific task:
a. Fredrick Taylor c. Henri Fayol
b. Max Weber d. Abraham Maslow
310. According to bureaucratic theory, which of the following is true?
a. Efficiency is achieve through personal relations between an employee and supervisor
b. There is no need for hierarchy, as all workers have a key role in the organization
c. Employees should be hired based on their relationship with the owner
d. Effective organizations are rational and orderly
311. Maslow, Herzberg, McGregor, and Ouchi developed theories about worker behavior, based on which
school of thought?
a. Scientific theory c. Administrative theory
b. Motivational theory d. Socialization theory

THEORIES, PRINCIPLES AND STYLES OF LEADERSHIP

Situation : In her first unit of assignment, Jennifer Jones, RN, MAN was assigned to care of 10 patients
from admission to discharge. She makes the nursing care plan and decides on clinical pathways of the
patient. She is assisted by three associate nurses, but she stays in the unit for 24 hours;

312. Which of the following care modalities is exemplified by the situation?

a. Case method c. Team nursing
b. Functional Nursing d. Primary Nursing
313. In a situation where Ms Jones assigns other tasks to associate nurses, the fact that she is still accountable
for the outcome of the delegated tasks is a management principle called?
a. Delegation of authority
b. Command responsibility
c. Unity of command
d. Scalar principle
 314. Which of the following principles confirms specialization of functions?
a. Homogeneity of assignment c. Scalar principle
b. Span of control d. Delegation of authority
315. When Ms Jones makes clinical decisions independent from that of the attending physician, she
possesses?
a. Authority c. Accountability
b. Autonomy d. Ability
316. Which of the following must be the key person in Nursing Leadership which Ms Jones shall assume before
any case manager position?
a. Head Nursing c. Chief Nursing
b. Charge Nursing d. Senior Supervising

Situation 5: Your head nurse called that she cannot report today because of the emergency that happened
in their family. You are designated as acting head nurse by the nurse supervisor;
317. You do not welcome the assignment but under the circumstances, what is the best thing to do?
a. Take an emergency leave too
b. Recall the staff nurse who are off duty
c. Utilize the team method of modality
d. Explain to the patient the situation of understaffing
318. You had no choice but to delegate some nursing tasks to the nursing attendants. In assigning the tasks,
which of the following should you consider most?
a. Performing the head nurse according to standards
b. Making sure that the attendant is capable of doing the task
c. Supervising her as close as possible
d. Let her make a periodic report on task assigned
319. You noted that a medication dose prescribed for a patient is unusually large. You verified this with the
doctor who got angry. Which of the following is the best response?
a. “Doctor, I know my pharmacology.”
b. “Doctor, I refuse to give the medication unless clarified.”
c. “Doctor, I am just verifying the order.”
d. “Doctor, I am accountable for my patients.”
320. You suggested to your supervisor the use of the team nursing method in the unit. Which of the following is
applicable to team nursing?
a. Promote sharing of ward resources
b. Makes the nurse accountable for group of patients
c. Implies ward manager responsibilities
d. Establishes superior-subordinate relationship
321. After performance appraisal conducted in your unit, your supervisor cites a long list of behaviors that you
need to improve. What is your best response?
a. “Please tell me how to improve my performance.”
b. “I did not know I should behave that way.”
c. “You expect me to do everything?”
d. “I need to work on those weaknesses.”

Situation :
Nurse leaders must not only evaluate the available research to guide care planning. They also have to
coordinate interdisciplinary teams carrying out and documenting evidence- based care
322. Which of the following is true about the evidence-based care?
a. It supports doing above knowing
b. It sees the best evidence if the evidence fits the current protocol
c. It uses outcomes of research to develop care strategies and delivery
d. It requires nurses to conduct their own research
323. Which of the following is true about evidence- based practice
a. It uses information derived from theory or research to shape nursing care
b. It does not include health professionals from other disciplines
c. It embraces the medical model of the disease
d. It requires an organization to have a department of nursing research
324. This practice model begins with three questions - What are we trying to accomplish? How will we know
that change is an improvement? What change can we make that will result in an improvement?
a. Model of improvement c. AHRQ clinical practice guideline
b. Braden scale d. University of Colorado Model
Situation :
The nurse leaders who lead teams use a variety of skills to facilitate teams so that they function to the
best of their ability.
325. The key difference between the leader and the group is?
a. The number of members
b. The level of formality
c. Whether they have specific goals
d. The length of the time it was active
326. Which is true about the interdisciplinary team?
a. It is composed of members from one organizational area only
b. It works best when everyone is heard and able to contribute
c. Team leader’s role is to ensure that team members do not spend too much time on meetings
d. It is seldom an ongoing entity
327. In this stage of the team development process, members defined their goals and rules of behaviour?
a. Norming c. Performing
b. Storming d. Reforming
328. Some conflict or competition may occur in this stage of team development?
a. Norming c. Performing
b. Storming d. Forming
329. The negative team behaviour, which involves not letting other team members participate is called?
a. Dominating c. Detailing
b. Clowning d. Information giving
330. A team member who uses humor, listening or other skills to decrease conflict or refocus the team on its
task is called?
a. Dominator c. Information seeker
b. Criticizer d. Tension breaker
331. This team building tool assesses behaviours
of people used in groups:
a. Myers- briggs type indicator c. Hermann brain Dominance Model
b. DISC model d. Gregorc Style Delineator
332. An effective team facilitator manages team dynamics by?
a. Taking sides to settle conflicts
b. Allowing the group of indirectly reach its purpose or objective
c. Encouraging the group to stay on task and continue towards its objectives
d. Excluding difficult people from the group

Situation :
One of the key skills of an effective nurse leader is delegating tasks effectively, so that health care team
members can provide optimum care for the patients
333. Transferring the authority to perform a selected nursing task to a competent individual in a selected
situation is called?
a. Evaluation c. Feedback
b. Promotion d. Delegation
334. The first step to successful delegation is?
a. Planning c. Evaluation
b. Intervention d. Assessment
335. The registered nurse who is deciding which task can be appropriately delegated to a nursing aid is
engaging in which part of the delegation process?
a. Assessing c. Intervening
b. Planning d. Evaluating
336. A registered nurse who is prioritizing patient outcomes that are most important is engaged in which part of
the delegation process?
a. Assessing c. Intervening
b. Planning d. Evaluating
337. Which of the following is not one of the 5 rights in delegation?
a. Right task c. Right direction
b. Right person d. Right experience
338. Which of the following is true about delegation to a novice?
a. Should not be delegated because they have insufficient experience
b. Novices need rules to guide their actions
c. Novices are able to recognize patterns in their work and can thus handle delegation
d. Novices are able to see the big picture as well as the individual situation
339. Feedback that restates instruction and make sure there is no confusion is called?
a. Clarifying c. Judgmental
b. Interpretive d. Personal feedback

Situation :In one’s professional nursing journey, being knowledgeable of the key concepts of Nursing
Leadership and Management is a great skill.
340. A process by which people use a variety of methods to achieve their goals is called?
a. Empowerment c. Patient advocacy
b. Demographics d. Politics
341. A political arena that nurses may operate to influence public health or advocate for underserved
population is?
a. The workplace c. The community
b. Health care financing d. The government
342. This gives people a better chance of getting a share of or control of distribution of resources
a. Empowerment c. Patient advocacy
b. Demographics d. Politics
343. Which of the following is a way of acting as a nurse leader and advocate?
a. Lobby only at the national level so as to achieve the greatest influence
b. Encourage payors and providers top make changes in service delivery
c. Avoid punitive actions when legislation is not enforced
d. Educate consumers to follow the policies of the third party payors
344. A nurse manager has collected data for the budget, developed a plan and allocated money to priorities.
Which step should the nurse manager take next?
a. Implement the approved budget
b. Develop a secondary or back- up if the budget proposal is denied
c. Plan for the subsequent year’s budget
d. Evaluate the current budget
345. The nurse manager who is managing fiscal resources would consider which of the following to be a
variable cost?
a. Lease c. Electricity
b. Medication d. Telephone service
346. The nurse manager considers that which of the following item represents an output factor of resource
allocation?
a. Staff experience c. Client age
b. Supplies d. Client satisfaction
347. A nurse overhears a nurse manager request information by telephone about the average daily census.
The nurse is aware that the manager is most likely using this information to do which of the following?
a. Determine staff development and training
b. Project the number of staff needed to work
c. Calculate the types of client’s supplies needed
d. Assist with electronic claims and reimbursements needed
348. The nurse manager would include allocations for vacation time and sick time when preparing which type of
budget?
a. Personnel budget c. Cash budget
b. Operational budget d. Capital expenditure budget
349. Which primary element should a nurse manager on a medical nursing unit use to calculate for staffing
patterns
a. Client care requirements c. Number of outpatient surgeries
b. Physician rounds d. Vacation time
350. Clients are grouped by which of the following according to the complexity of their condition and the amount
of care required by the nursing staff?
a. Third- party payers c. Classification system
b. Provider system d. Staffing model
351. When determining the number of Full time Equivalents (FTE) needed for the unit, the nurse manager
should start with?
a. The number of hours of work for the staff
b. Client safety factors
c. The time needed to account for staff breaks
d. The currently used client classification system

352. A nurse manager needs to determine the staff mix for the unit. What should the manager do first?
 a. Schedule staff to work when the needs are more critical
b. Consider mandated staff ratios
c. Identify staff competency to meet the needs of the client
d. Assess the type of care required by the client
353. A nurse manager uses the same staffing pattern schedule over the period of two months and the pattern
repeats. Which staffing model does this represents?
a. Flex- time c. Cyclic model
b. Fix staffing d. Rotating schedule
354. A nurse signs up to work 10 hours shifts in one week, three 12- hour shifts in another week and 12 two 8
hour shift the following week. Which type of staffing model is this?
a. Flex- time c. Cyclic model
b. Fix staffing d. Rotating schedule
355. In working to prepare nursing staff for change that will soon be occurring in the nursing unit, the nurse
leader is aware that change is a process that which of the following?
a. Dynamic and fluid c. Unavoidable and easy
b. Constant and predictable d. Difficult and misleading
356. A nurse who wishes to complete a graduate degree in critical care to increase the annual income is
contemplating to which of the following types of change?
a.Personal change c.Organizational change
b.Professional; change d.Forceful change
357. A chief executive officer plans major changes in the medical units. He assigned the nurse leader as an
implementer of the change. The administration presents which of the following types of forces for change?
a.Driving force c.Refreezing force
b.Restraining force d.Unfreezing force
358. A manager implements change in the unit. The manager observes the desired behaviour in the staff.
Which stage of Lewin’s change process does the nurse manager observes?
a.Stagnation c.Moving
b.Unfreezing d.Refreezing
359. A nursing unit shows little time for orderly change and order comes in the form of rapid and unplanned
fluctuations. The nurse leader understands that this unit experiences change that is best described as?
a.Lewin’s change theory c.Havelock model of change
b. Chaos theory d.Roger’s Innovation- diffusion process
360. The duty of the nurse leader filling the role of the change agent revolves around which process?
a. Client safety issues c. Staff safety issues
b. Organizational structures d. Work force culture
361. The nurse leader who is working to be a change agent on the nursing unit would be sure to do which of
the following?
a. Have firm, inflexible thoughts about how the change should progress
b. Communicate in the staff in a vague manner in case the plan for change needs to be adapted
c. Aggressively pursue getting buy-in from the staff
d. Articulate to the staff the vision for change
362. A nurse leader is actively carrying out the plan for change. Which of the change process does this
present?
a. Evaluation c. Planning
b. Implementation d. Organizing
363. What strategy should the nurse leader use to help develop critical thinking skills in the nursing staff?
a. Coach nurses to think about care measures
b. Role model the use of biases in decision-making
c. Reward the ability to memorize and recall information
d. Foster the effective use of the nursing process
364. A nurse responds to change by being open and receptive to the new process. The nurse leader
implementing the change recognizes that this nurse is a/ an?
a. Innovator c. Laggard
b. Early adopter d. Early majority
365. A nurse reports in the staff about being unaware of the status of a planned change on the nursing unit.
What strategy should a nurse leader use to resolve this problem?
a. Communicate with the staff properly
b. Acknowledge negative consequences to resisting the change
c. Maintain close contact to the resisters to facilitate buy- in change
d. open and flexible to hearing the staff’s concern about the change
366. A nurse leader provides orientation to an upcoming change in the wound care procedures. The leader
builds relationships and supports the staff in implementing the new procedures. Which type of approach
does the leader using to manage resistance to change?
a. Rational- empirical c. Normative- reeducative
b. Power- coercive d. Country club
367. The nurse leader of the nursing unit would like to pilot the new automated medication dispensing system
on the nursing unit. Which of the following roles does the nurse leader needs to focus on to facilitate this
option?
a. Communication liaison c. Unit manager
b. Care manager d. Change agent
368. The nurse leader determines the effectiveness of the plan of change and modifies plan .Which step of the
change process does this represent?
a. Evaluation c. Planning
b. Implementation d. Organizing
369. The nurse leader who is contemplating change would recall that the first step of the change process is to?
a. Identify the problem in the need of a change
b. Fractionize the problem for clarification
c. Provide ongoing rationale about the change
d. Build relationships and partnerships
370. A nurse stays well- informed in issues involving client’s care. The nurse is aware of personal biases and
asks many questions. The nurse leaders interpret that this nurse exhibits which of the following?
a. Cultural sensitivity c. Critical thinking skills
b. Leadership d. Research ability
371. A nurse leader observes behaviour and hears words that indicate anger and bitterness in a nursing
assistant who opposed the use of new computerized documentation system. The nurse manager recognizes
that the aid’s expression of anger.
a. Also represents the feeling s of other staff members about the new system
b. Is likely a coping mechanism in response to change
c. Is the unfreezing of the current behaviour and the nursing aid will make adjustment
d. Is an aggressive behaviour which must not be tolerated

SITUATION – Nurse leaders must deal with the constant change that is now a normal part of working in
health care. However, with change comes conflict --- the differences in values, goals, or actions between
people or groups of people.
372. Which of the following is a true statement about conflict?
a. It seldom occurs as part of change process in health care setting
b. It highlights differences in values, beliefs, or action
c. It is automatically negative
d. It discourages creativity and innovation
373. Conflict that occurs between groups or teams is called:
a. Interpersonal c. Organizational
b. Intrapersonal d. Dysfunctional
374. In this conflict resolution method, a person ignores his or her own feelings about an issue in order to agree
with the other side:
a. Collaborating c. Accommodating
b. Confronting d. Withdrawing
375. With this method of conflict resolution, each side gives up something as well as gets something:
a. Negotiating c. Avoiding
b. Competing d. Compromising
376. Difficult people who are often demand that others listens to them while they ventilate their viewpoint
referred to as:
a. Attackers c. Victims
b. Sneaks d. Withdrawers
377. A person who readily agrees to do work, then never completes it may be a (n)
a. Approval seeker c. Chronic complainer
b. Negator d. Egotist
378. Which of the following would be an effective action to help resolve conflict?
a. Set ground rules c. Blame the problem on the participants
b. Discourage interruptions d. Limit feedback
379. In this conflict resolution method, both sides in a conflict work to develop the outcome that is best for both
sides:
a. Confronting c. Compromising
b. Collaborating d. Negotiating
380. In conflict management, the win-win approach occurs when:
a. There are two conflicts and the parties agree to each win one
b. Each party gives in one 50% of the disagreement making up the conflict
c. Both parties involved are committed to solving the conflict
d. The conflict is settled out of court so the legal system and the parties

SITUATION – Nurse leaders are often called upon to be change agents who see the need for change,
assess how it can be done, and deal effectively with the normal human resistance that always seems to
accompany change.
381. A voluntarily and planned changed in a job position or obtaining credentials such as training or education
is an example of
a. Personal change c. Organizational change
b. Professional change d. Resistance to change
382. When people in control enforce changes in an organization and others in the organization have no input in
these changes, this is an example of which of the following change strategies?
a. Normative-reeducative c. Change-stabilization
b. Power-coercive d. Rational-empirical
383. The change strategy that assumes that people act more in accordance with social values and are less
likely to change based on information or rational arguments is called the:
a. Stabilization-evaluation strategy c. Normative-reeducative strategy
b. Power-coercive strategy d. Rational-empirical strategy
384. Unfreezing, moving to a new level, and refreezing are steps that make up which of the following theories/
models of change?
a. Lewin’s Force Field Model c. Havelock’s Six-step Change Model
b. Lippit’s Phase of Change d. Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations
385. According to this change theory, efforts to implement change maybe rejected at first and accepted later;
thus an initial rejection is not the final word. Which theory is this?
a. Lewin’s Force Field Model c. Havelock’s Six-step Change Model
b. Lippit’s Phase of Change d. Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations
386. In Bushy’s theory about people reaction to change, the people who enjoy the status quo but who will adopt
change earlier than average to avoid being left behind are called:
a. Innovators c. Early majority
b. Laggards d. Early adopters
387. Identifying the problem or opportunity and collecting or analyzing data about a possible change are
activities of which step of the change process?
a. Assessment c. Implementation
b. Planning d. Stabilization
388. The final step needed to complete the change process is called:
a. Assessment c. Implementation
b. Planning d. Stabilization
389. The “7 x 7 rule” of communicating a message about change means:
a. Send the message seven different times in seven different ways
b. All memo should be 7 x 7 inches
c. There should be no more than 49 messages in any change process
d. Send seven messages a day for seven days

SITUATION – In most organizations, leaders and managers are seen as having different roles, with
leaders focusing on skills that develop people and their abilities, while managers are more concerned
with keeping the organization running as efficiently as possible.
390. Which of the following characteristic of an effective nurse leader?
a. Following rules precisely
b. Developing strong and trusting relationship with staff
c. Withholding strategic information for long periods of time
d. Focusing on the business of healthcare
391. A nurse manager who spends 90% of his or her submitting time schedules for nursing shifts and assigns
teams and patients is at what level of management?
a. First-line nurse manager
b. Middle-level manager
c. Chief nurse executive
d. Vice president and patient care services
392. The advantage of nurse leader being both a generalist and a specialist is that the nurse can:
a. Delegate all task to others
b. Operate effectively without input to staff members
c. Choose not to be part of management team
d. Be an expert on a topic as well as communicate with a variety of other specialists
393. Which of the following is true about the nurse leader’s trait of self-reliance?
a. It prevents the nurse leader from working effectively in a team
b. It is characteristics only of a nurse manager, not a nurse leader
c. It balances the nurse’s personal abilities with the needs of the organization
d. It allows the nurse leader to accomplish multiple tasks without any assistance
394. A focus on meeting an organization’s financial or business goals is a function of:
a. Management c. Problem solving
b. Leadership d. Coaching
395. The level of nursing manager that spends the least time directly supervising certified and noncertified
nursing staff is:
a. Nurse executive c. First-level manager
b. Middle- level manager d. Charge nurse
396. A staff nurse with some increased managerial responsibilities is usually called a (n)
a. Nurse executive c. Nurse assistant
b. Charge nurse d. Associate director of nursing
397. According to Mintzberg model of managerial work, effective managers:
a.Act first and the communicate
b.Are seldom involved in leading people or forming networks
c.Manage action by doing, for example, directing change or negotiating
d.Lead at the first level, act at the second level, and communicate in summary form

SITUATION – Leadership is not limited to people who occupy traditional positions in authority. Any
person in an organization can be a leader. The following questions apply to the concept of leadership.
398. Leadership is best defined as the process of:
a.Coercion c.Influence
b.Interpersonal dynamics d.Passive learning
399. A person who is a leader but does not have a sanctioned role within the organization is what kind of
leader?
a.Formal c.Situational
b. Informal d.Traditional
400. The leadership trait defined as self-knowledge or self-awareness and the ability to receive feedback and
learned from mistakes is called:
a.Passion c.Curiosity
b.Vision d. Integrity
401. The trait that allows leaders to adapt rapidly to changes in the organization’s environment is called:
a. Support c. Self-confidence
b. Intelligence d. Flexibility
402. A leader who defers decision making to his followers is called:
a. Autocratic c. Contingency
b. Laissez faire d. High task
403. Which group of leadership theories states that the leader’s style has less impact on outcomes than on
certain environmental and other factors?
a. Contingency theory c. Charismatic theory
b. Democracy theory d. Goal-setting theory

404. According to House’s path-goal theory, which of the following is true?

a. Effectiveness of leadership style depends more on the follower than the leader
b. The leader’s effective leadership style helps the worker remain on the appropriate path
c. The leader’s charisma or personal appeal helps workers remain on the appropriate path
d. Workers are empowered to achieve a common purpose
405. The theory that maintains the followers and the leaders influence each other to increase their motivation
and performance to higher levels is called:
a. Reinforcement theory
b. Equity theory
c. Goal setting theory
d. Transformational leadership theory
406. The concept of valence is defined as:
a. The perceived probability that a certain effort will lead to a desired action or behavior
b. The belief that the certain effort will lead to a desired action
c. Perceived value of an outcome
d. Behavior that is repeated because it is positively or negatively reinforced
407. The “new leadership” theory was proposed by:
a. Skinner c. Locke
b. Wheatly d. Bennis

SITUATION – Role of positive power as a key component of nursing leadership is necessary for the
empowerment of leaders and staff.
408. A nurse who has power is able to:
a. Make staff do anything the nurse wants c. Avoid engaging in organizational
b. Make or prevent change politics
d. Avoid decision making
409. According to this author, power includes the capacity to culture more effective habits:
a. Nicolo Machiavelli c. Stephen Covey
b. Warren Bennis d. Eleanor Sullivan
410. A characteristic of a “power over” strategy is that it makes the receiver feel:
a. Empowered c. Incompetent
b. Collaborative d. Secure
411. A nurse’s clinical abilities, education, and knowledge of systems are part of the power source known as:
a. Legitimacy c. Connection
b. Charisma d. Expertise
412. The source of power known as” connection power” is best described as:
a. Power that equates with the degree of the nurse’s personal or organizational authority
b. Power that is based on people’s respect for ort trust in a particular person
c. Based on honor, respect, loyalty, and integrity
d. Power that derives from awareness of the networks that exist between people in an
organization
413. Leaders who make all their decisions based on their own ethical values (honesty, integrity, respect, etc.)
are engaged in what kind of power?
a. Expertise c. Legitimacy
b. Principle-centered d. Charisma
414. An effective use of reward power would include:
a. Giving bonuses for future performance c. Rewarding total performance
b. Using money as the primary reward d. Giving incentives every day
system
415. Preserving credibility, staying current with the technology, and acting decisively in crises are positive ways
of using what type of power?
a. Expert c. Authoritative
b. Reward d. Charismatic
416. A person who effectively uses connection power would:
a. Do a lot of name dropping to emphasize connections
b. Continually return to the same person for favors to build a network
c. Build a group of networks based on different affiliations
d. Understand that reciprocity is unimportant
417. Which of the following is true about punishment or coercive power?
a. Penalties do not change people’s behavior
b. People appreciate being the recipient of this type of power
c. This type of power can include docking a person’s pay, reprimands, or termination
d. This type of power should never be used in an organization
418. Which of the following is true about empowerment?
a. It establishes an atmosphere that discourages risk taking
b. It is clearly preferred by managers in health care organizations
c. It allows flexibility to adapt to changing priorities, needs, and situations
d. It encourages competition over cooperation
419. Effective political behavior in an organization is characterized by the ability to:
a. Appeal to other people’s needs and interest
b. Delay decision making for as long as possible
c. Avoid competing for resources
d. Validate all information from the organization’s “grapevine”
SITUATION – Communication is how people exchange information and ideas. Knowledge about
communication and developing the skill of communicating help leaders understand, analyze, and use
communication skills effectively.
420. The exchange of information and opinion is referred to as:
a. Feedback c. Information system
b. Sender d. Communication
421. Which of the following is an element of Laswell’s communication process model:
a. Interference c. Message
b. Culture d. Hierarchy
422. A nurse who initiates a conversation becomes which part of the communication process?
a. Feedback c. Sender
b. Receiver d. Message
423. The new message that is generated by the receiver in response to the original message from the sender is
called:
a. Clarity c. Feedback
b. Nonverbal communication d. Interruption
424. Which of the following principle about effective communication is true?
a. Giving information is the same as communication
b. Communication requires inactivity
c. The receiver is responsible for message clarity
d. Feedback is essential even if it is not positive
425. When a receiver is distracted and does not fully receive the sender’s message, this is called:
a. Inattention c. Interaction
b. Indirect communication d. Interference
426. Three types of communication channels are:
a. Television, radio, and e-mail c. Sender, message, receiver
b. Visual, auditory, kinesthetic d. External, internal, and interactive
427. This communication channel uses touch or other physiological responses to convey meaning:
a. Visual c. Auditory
b. Mass d. Kinesthetic
428. The model used to help leaders understand the complexities of communication in leadership settings is
called:
a. Strategic choice model c. Nonverbal communication model
b. Cognitive management apparatus d. The time and space link model
429. In the Targowski-Bowman model, the link that accounts for the effect of the surroundings on
communication is the:
a. Environmental link c. Physical link
b. Functions/ role link d. Systems link
430. According to the storage-retrieval link of the Targowski-Bowman model,
a. Deals with speakers who use verbal and nonverbal language differently
b. An individual’s personal and cultural values affect how they process information
c. Previous experiences of sender and receiver influence how they evaluate the messages
d. Deals with whether the communications are exchanged in real time or on a delay
431. The overall impression that words give is the definition of:
a. Word choice c. Gesture
b. Tone d. Pace
432. Which of the following is true about nonverbal communication?
a.It includes more conscious and deliberate than nonverbal communication
b.It includes vocabulary, pace, and tone
c.It is the same across most culture
d. It includes the issue of personal space
433. A nurse supervisor’ communication with her staff in an organization is called:
a.Downward c.Lateral
b.Upward d.Diagonal
434. Which of the following is true about lateral communication?
a. It only includes people from the different departments, not from the same department
b. It requires little effort since people at the same level seldom share common knowledge and
experience
c. It cannot be used in diverse environments
d. It requires attention to the basics of the communication process
435. Which of the following is not an electronic communication tool?
a.Internet/web page c.Voice mail
b. A brochure d.E-mail
436. An information system that manages information from clinical and administrative services such as
accounting, pharmacy, laboratory, etc, is called:
a.hospital information system c.nursing information system
b.decision support system d.executive information system
437. An executive information system would:
a.collect, store, and process classification and discharge planning data
b.allow data for operating such as case mix and marketing
c.provide data for indicators such as capital expenditures and staffing levels
d.distribute information about salaries of all supervisors

SITUATION – All leaders must make decisions and the most effective leaders have a strategic plan for
gathering information, evaluating information, and deciding a course of action, based on critical thinking.
438. Which of the following is a characteristic of decision making?
a.It only involves logical, rational thought
b.It is often the result of many incremental steps rather than one large step
c. It must always be done quickly in a health care setting
d.It is done from the top-down
439. Which of the following is true about effective critical thinkers?
a.They seldom generate new ideas and alternatives
b.They often say “We’ve always done it this way, so let’s do it this way again”
c.They tend to analyze the components of a problem
d.They generally do not assume another person’s point of view
440. Which of the following is a strategic step in decision making process?
a.Maximax approach c. Delphi group
b.Brainstorming session d.Determining goals
441. The likelihood that something will occur is called:
a.Risk c. Maximax approach
b.The Pareto principle d.Probability
442. A visual decision making tool that graphically illustrates a project from the start to finish is called:
a.Decision tree c.Gantt chart
b.PERT flowchart d.Electronic organizer
443. In group decision making, consensus means:
a.All group members can live with and support the decision
b.Members are not requires to meet face to face
c. All group members agree to think alike, no matter what the evidence
d.The group uses the Delphi technique
444. A critical outcome deals with activities that are:
a.Essential for patient safety and care
b.Life threatening or potentially life threatening
c. Needed to complete the plan of care
d.Essential for determining staffing of shifts to provide patient care
445. Which of the following is an effective way of keeping a meeting on track?
a.Send an agenda after the meeting
b.Avoid setting meeting time limits as they decrease attendees’ creativity
c.Start and stop on time
d.Encourage full discussion so as to avoid follow-up meetings
446. Which of the following is a strategy for using downtime effectively?
a.Arrives 10minutes early for all appointment
b.Call ahead to verify appointments
c. Avoid carrying reading materials around as they are heavy and slow you down
d.Return phone calls only from the privacy of your office

SITUATION – Nurse leaders facilitate communication for patients, families, and nursing staff, other nurse
leaders and members of the health team.

447. Which of the following is a component of active listening:

a.paying close attention to the speaker
b.providing advice to help the speaker solve his or her problem
c. inviting others to join the communication to clarify issues
d.focusing on the words spoken
448. The active listening skills of clarifying allows the listeners to:
a.Tell the speaker what o do
b.Restate what the speaker previously said
c.Accurately process information that maybe disorganized or confusing
d.Interrupt the speaker
449. The three essential steps in dealing with the conflict are:
a.Identify, understand, and resolve the problem
b.Listen actively, provide solution, and suppress any anger
c.Restate, question, and clarify the speaker’s statement
d.Identify, negotiate, and rephrase the listener’s response
450. Putting yourself in another person’s place is called:
a.Delineation c.Feedback
b.Active listening d. Empathy
451. The advanced communication skill of keeping a conversation on track is also known as:
a.Rephrasing c.Humor
b. Focusing d.Reassuring
452. Assertive behavior is characterized by:
a.Apologizing frequently c.Standing up for one’s rights
b.Sarcasm d.Blaming others
453. Communication barriers can be consisted of:
a.Cultural, emotional, or gender issues
b.Overuse of “I” statements
c.Following and respecting other peoples cultural preferences
d.Paying attention to what people say
454. The communication barriers that occurs when a person is categorized according to his or her gender,
cultural, or racial traits is called:
a.Blaming c.Inattention
b.Conflict d. Stereotyping

SITUATION – Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other.

455. Leadership gap exists when:
a.Leaders are able to carry out their task effectively.
b. Growing demand of nursing application for the delivery of quality care is not met
c.Goals for providing comprehensive care is attained
d.Less qualified personnel are providing the care.
456. Which of the following statement is a goal?
a.To ensure common understanding
b. To provide safe and quality care to patients
c.To prevent error in medication
d.to allow verbalization of feelings
457. Criteria for setting goals includes the following, except
a.Specific c.Relevant
b.Measurable d. Resistive
458. Effectiveness means:
a.Doing the things right c.Performing task and the risk
b. Doing the right thing d.Maximizing resources
459. Management resources include the following, except:
a.Money c.Machine
b. Membership d.Materials
460. A good leader is all of the following except:
a.able to inspire followers c.able to lift staff morale
b. able to judge people d.able to motivate people
461. A manager is all of the following except:
a.Officially appointed c.Relates to people personally
b.Relates to people according to their d.Implement predetermined policies
roles
462. Pointers to leadership path include the following, except:
a.Evaluate your gains and reflect on the c.Change yourself
losses d.Begin with yourself
b.Gather your resources
463. The following statements are true of leadership, except:
a.Leadership and management are just the same
b.Leadership is an act of influence
c.Leadership is a very challenging endeavour
d.To be a leader is indeed a privilege
464. The following statements are true of management, except:
a.Management is the art of getting things done through people
b.Managers relate to people according to their roles.
c.Managers are interested in risk taking and exploring new ideas
d.Managers are vested with power and authority
465. A nurse leader audits clients’ charts to identify documentation errors. After analyzing the data gathered,
which action should the nurse take to prevent documentation errors?
a.Educate nursing staff on documentation techniques.
b.Reinforce importance of proper documentation.
c.Identify nurses who made documentation errors.
d.Develop a documentation quick reference sheet for nurses.
466. A nurse identifies a client at high risk for development of pressure ulcers and orders on air mattress for the
client. This nurse is attempting to accomplish which of the following?
a.Risk management c.Quality Assurance
b.Culture of safety d. Risk reduction
467. The nurse attends a hospital inservice program on customs relations as part of a major hospital effort at
improving the public image of the hospital. The nurse learns that, in addition to clients, which of the following
is an example of an internal customer?
a.Nurse working on labor and delivery unit d.Blue Cross/ Blue Shield Insurance
b.Philippine National Red Cross Company
c.Vascular Surgeon
468. An accrediting body has guidelines that “healthcare facilities must run controls on blood glucose monitors
once daily.” The nursing representative to the hospital nurse practice committee explains to coworkers that
this guideline is an example of which of the following?
a.Quality Assurance c.Standards of care
b.Risk management d.Utilization review
469. The nurse manager who is conducting a staff development program on improving client care explains that
which of the following best represents quality nursing care?
a.Clients with histories of pressure ulcers will receive an air mattress within 6 hours of admission.
b.Clients with heart failure will have a urinary drainage catheter inserted to measure output precisely.
c.A chemistry panel will be drawn daily on clients with peripheral edema.
d. All clients will be screened for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
470. A nurse leader persuades other staff nurses to buy into the agency’s vision, mission, and special projects
and to embrace change. The nurse working with this leader concludes that these characteristics are
consistent with those expected of a
a.Case manager c.Nurse manager
b. Chief operating officer d.Chief financial officer
471. A nurse leader openly shares clinical expertise with staff nurses and provides learning opportunities for
these nurses. The staff nurse concludes that this nurse leader is using which strategy to improve staff
members?
a.Personal attention c.Precepting
b.Role modeling d. Mentoring
472. An interim nurse manager has been given authority to schedule the work of employees and reprimand staff
as needed. The nurse manager is aware that the type of leadership that results from this situation is which of
the following?
a.Formal c.Compassionate
b.Informal d.Shared

473. A nurse leader seeks to gain respect of the staff by providing rewards and supporting each staff member’s
personal goals. Which of the following rationale is the nurse leader likely using to support these actions?
a.A good leader must gain the respect of others.
b.A leader should use the “country club” approach of leadership
c.A leader should be able to identify with the simple individual.
d.Socialization will boost support from the staff.
474. A nurse leader would draw on which management skill set to identify goals that must be accomplished and
encourage staff to apply for positions suited to their wok ability?
a.Planning and setting direction. c. Getting others to believe in the message.
b.Organizing and aligning people. d.Controlling
475. A nurse leader has been appointed as the manager of the Quality Improvement Department by the Chief
Operating Officer (COO). In thinking about the skills needed to fulfill the responsibilities of this position, the nurse
leader first considers that the type of leadership associated with this position is
a.Informal c. Charismatic
b.Formal d.D. Compassion
476. A nurse leader needs to restructure the units of an acute care medical center as determined by executive level
management. In considering how to design the restructuring, the nurse leader should base the restructure which
of the following primary goals?
a.Focusing on nurse safety d.Revising inadequate policies and
b.Rewarding success procedures
c.Improving client care outcomes
477. A nurse has been employed by a healthcare facility for 20 years. The nurse is knowledgeable, has excellent
ideas, and actively participates in meetings. The nurse manager submits the nurse’s name for an agency award to
reward which type of leadership exemplified by the nurse?
a.Informal c.Charismatic
b.Formal d.Compassionate
478. The vision statement of a healthcare system is: “Provide quality, cost-effective care to clients in our region.” The
nurse manager best demonstrates this vision statement by:
a.Instituting a cost-center checklist containing the unit’s direct care costs to assist charge nurses.
b.Instituting care maps for clients with diabetes mellitus.
c. Purchasing fewer personal items and eliminating office supplies.
d.Providing a series of in-services dedicated to cost containment.
479. A nurse leader has the authority to assign beds on all the units, transfer clients, and respond to “codes.” This
nurse leader functions in which role?
a.Unit manager c. Chief Operating Officer
b.Supervisor d.Charge nurse

480. The nurse leader in a healthcare facility works with organizational leaders to requests input from staff on the
nursing unit, explaining that the mission statement should do which of the following?
a.Provide direction and keep the group focused
b.Foster open communication between members
c. Increase amount and diversity of problem solving
d.Promote team building and personal bonding.
481. A nurse leader collaborates with team members to establish new goals. Which of the following is the best action
for the nurse leader to take to foster success in this project?
a.Establish “buy-in” from other team members.
b.Only supervise when necessary.
c.Analyze the structure of the organization
d.Reorganize the group.
482. The nurse leader develops a plan with the nursing staff about how to best reduce the number of client falls on
the unit. Several nurses have ideas about the best actions to take. Which approval should the nurse take to
achieve consensus with the team?
a.Change the rules for decision making according to how the conversation progresses.
b.Pay special attention to the details of what is being discussed.
c. Use firm words when communicating with each staff member.
d.Encourage continued discussion and point out areas of agreement.
483. A nursing assistant reports clients’ complaints to the nurse manager. The nurse manager understands that this
represents which type of organizational communication?
a.Upward communication c. Lateral communication
b.Downward communication d.Horizontal communication
484. A nursing team implements an agreed-upon plan of action, and most goals are achieved. The nurse leader
concludes that this team is in which phase of team development?
a.Forming c. Storming
b.Performing d.Norming
485. A nurse team member consistently refuses to follow up on assignments and questions the purpose of the team.
Which strategy represents the best action the team leader should use to coach the team member?
a.Allow the member to write an action plan.
b.Ask the nurse to listen attentively.
c.Focus on the problem and behavior
d.Listen to the team member’s excuses.
486. The nurse who is a chairperson of an agency committee recognizes that the committee is collaborating
after noting which of the following behaviors in the group?
a.A compromise occurs between two of the committee members.
b.One member stands firm by preset goal.
c.There is an effective negotiation among the committee members.
d.All members uphold goals created by the administration
487. A nurse leader reviews the work of the team. The nurse leader interprets that which attribute of the group
is consistent with effective collaboration?
a.Independent work c.Decision making
b. Setting goals d.Delegating responses
488. Which of the following strategies would be best for the nurse leader to use when communicating with team
members at the beginning of a team project?
a.Give clear directions about the nature and scope of the project.
b.Start with constructive criticism.
c.State that something isn’t working and needs to be fixed.
d.Take ownership of the project.
489. A nurse communicates changes in practice to the nursing assistant (CNA). The nurse is aware that the
direction of this communication is considered to be:
a.Upward flow c.Lateral flow
b.Downward flow. d.Horizontal flow

490. Team members working on a quality improvement project for the nursing unit debate among themselves
about the direction of the team. The nurse leader of the team interprets that this behavior indicates which
phase of team development?
a.Norming c.Storming
b.Forming d.Performing
491. A staff nurse who volunteers to records minutes for a staff meeting uses the agency intranet to inform the
nursing staff of outcomes from a staff meeting. The nurse reading this communication understands that the nurse
who recorded the minutes has used the computer to facilitate which type of communication?
a.Upward communication c. Distant communication
b.Downward communication d.Horizontal communication
492. A nurse leader attempts to resolve conflict between two nurses. Which communication should the leader use
first?
a.Clarification c. Nonverbal acknowledgment
b.Confrontation d.Active listening
493. A charge nurse explains a new procedure to a staff nurse; however, the staff nurse is upset about working
understaffed. The charge nurse recognizes that which barrier to communication is influencing this dialogue?
a.Distracting noise c. Structure
b.Emotions d.Space
494. The nurse leader is starting to work on a team project with members of a diverse agency workforce. The nurse
is aware that which of the following will primarily influence communication among group members because they
have different beliefs, practices and assumptions?
a.Gender c. Time orientation
b.Culture d.Ethnicity
495. The nurse leader who is a unit manager would take which action with a staff nurse who has one year of
experience to best assist this nurse with performance improvement?
a.Review the original orientation documentation for any gaps.
b.Document and review with the nurse any errors or client complaints.
c. Review the original job description and point out areas of strength and weaknesses.
d.Collaboratively develop behavioral objectives with target dates for reevaluation.
496. A nurse leader needs to notify staff registered nurses (RNs) about a change in the staff RN position description.
Which method should the nurse leader use to communicate the change?
a.Announce the change in a staff meeting.
b.Post a notice on the bulletin board in the nurse’s lounge.
c. Speak to each nurse individually.
d.Provide notification and a copy of the changes in writing.
497. The nurse leader evaluates the staff nurse’s performance by narrating a detailed description of the nurse’s
performance after making a decision to use which of the following types of performance evaluation tool?
a.Essay evaluation c. Forced distribution
b.Traditional rating scale d.Behavior orientation scale
498. Which strategy should the nurse leader use to facilitate the performance appraisal conference?
a.Refrain from adding comments to the evaluation form.
b.Include personal feelings in the comments section of the tool for clarity.
c.Begin the evaluation interview with an open-ended question.
d.Interview other staff about the employee’s performance before meeting with the employee.
499. A nurse manager overrates a staff nurse on the performance evaluation. The chief nurse officer counsels the
manager about which type of performance evaluation error?
a.Ambiguous c. Leniency
b.Recency d.Halo
500. The nurse is assigned to work for the shift with a nursing student. In planning to work with this student, the nurse
who uses Benner’s model of nursing practice anticipates that the student is at which stage of practice?
a.re-novice c. Beginner
b.Novice d.Advanced beginner
501. Which resource is best used to foster an atmosphere of professional growth in staff?
a.Electronic medical record c.Resource management
b.Information technology d.Resource allocation
502. Health care demand determines which services and/or products customers want and will pay for. Which of the
following is the health care industry’s ability to produce or provide the services and products?
a.Insurance c. Efficiency
b.Reimbursement d.Supply
503. The nurse leader expects that under the managed care system:
a.Some clients “fall through the cracks” created by the system
b.Clients may not receive the necessary care to prevent the onset of illnesses.
c.Health care providers must document reasons for extended length of stay.
d.Health care providers might not be able to order the necessary treatments for clients.
504. A director of a radiology department plans to include a positive emission radiological device in the budget; the
cost of this equipment is $150,000. To which budget should the director add this piece of equipment?
a.Personnel budget c. Cash budget
b.Capital budget d.Operating budget
505. One leadership theory states that “leaders are born and not made,” which refers to which of the following
theories?
a. Trait c. Great Man
b. Charismatic d. Situational
506. She came across a theory which states that the leadership style is effective dependent on the situation. Which of
the following styles best fits a situation when the followers are self-directed, experts and are matured individuals?
a. Democratic c. Laissez faire
b. Authoritarian d. Bureaucratic
507. She surfs the internet for more information about leadership styles. She reads about shared leadership as a
practice in some magnet hospitals. Which of the following describes this style of leadership?
a.Leadership behavior is generally determined by the relationship between the leader’s personality and the
specific situation
b. Leaders believe that people are basically good and need not be closely controlled
c. Leaders rely heavily on visioning and inspire members to achieve results
d.Leadership is shared at the point of care.
508. Ms. Castro learns that some leaders are transactional leaders. Which of the following does NOT characterize a
transactional leader?
a.Focuses on management tasks c. Uses trade-offs to meet goals
b. Is a caretaker d.Inspires others with vision
509. Which of the following is TRUE about functional nursing?
a.Concentrates on tasks and activities
b.Emphasizes use of group collaboration
c. One-to-one nurse-patient ratio
d.Provides continuous, coordinated and comprehensive nursing services
510. Functional nursing has some advantages, which one is an EXCEPTION?
a.Psychological and sociological needs are emphasized.
b.Great control of work activities.
c. Most economical way of delivering nursing services.
d.Workers feel secure in dependent role
511. He raised the issue on giving priority to patient needs. Which of the following offers the best way for setting
priority?
a.Assessing nursing needs and problems
b.Giving instructions on how nursing care needs are to be met
c. Controlling and evaluating the delivery of nursing care
d.Assigning safe nurse: patient ratio
512. Which of the following is the best guarantee that the patient’s priority needs are met?
a.Checking with the relative of the patient
b. Preparing a nursing care plan in collaboration with the patient
c. Consulting with the physician
d. Coordinating with other members of the team
513. When Harry uses team nursing as a care delivery system, he and his team need to assess the priority of
care for a group of patients, which of the following should be a priority?
a.Each patient as listed on the worksheet
b. Patients who needs least care
c. Medications and treatments required for all patients
d.Patients who need the most care
514. She is hopeful that her unit will make a big turnaround in the succeeding months. Which of the following
actions of Harry demonstrates that he has reached the third stage of change?
a.Wonders why things are not what it used to be
b. Finds solutions to the problems
c. Integrate the solutions to his day-to-day activities
d. Selects the best change strategy
515. Stephanie considers shifting to transformational leadership. Which of the following statements best
describes this type of leadership?
a. Uses visioning as the essence of leadership.
b. Serves the followers rather than being served.
c. Maintains full trust and confidence in the subordinates
d. Possesses innate charisma that makes others feel good in his presence
516. As a manager, she focuses her energy on both the quality of services rendered to the patients as well as
the welfare of the staff of her unit. Which of the following management styles does she adopt?
a.Country club management c. Team management
b.Organization man management d.Authority-obedience management
517. Katherine is a young Unit Manager of the Pediatric Ward. Most of her staff nurses are senior to her, very
articulate, confident and sometimes aggressive. Katherine feels uncomfortable believing that she is the
scapegoat of everything that goes wrong in her department. Which of the following is the best action that
she must take?
a. Identify the source of the conflict and understand the points of friction
b.Disregard what she feels and continue to work independently
c. Seek help from the Director of Nursing
d. Quit her job and look for another employment.
518. Her former manager demonstrated passion for serving her staff rather than being served. She takes time
to listen, prefers to be a teacher first before being a leader, which is a characteristic of
a.Transformational leader c. Servant leader
b. Transactional leader d.Charismatic leader
519. On the other hand, Ms. Castro notices that the Chief Nurse Executive has charismatic leadership style.
Which of the following behaviors best describes this style?
a. Possesses inspirational quality that makes followers gets attracted of him and regards him
with reverence
b. Acts as he does because he expects that his behavior will yield positive results
c. Uses visioning as the core of his leadership
d. Matches his leadership style to the situation at hand.
520. Which of the following conclusions of Ms. Castro about leadership characteristics is TRUE?
a. There is a high correlation between the communication skills of a leader and the ability to get the job
done.
b. A manager is effective when he has the ability to plan well.
c. Assessment of personal traits is a reliable tool for predicting a manager’s potential.
d. There is good evidence that certain personal qualities favor success in managerial role.
521. She reads about Path Goal theory. Which of the following behaviors is manifested by the leader who uses
this theory?
a.Recognizes staff for going beyond expectations by giving them citations
b.Challenges the staff to take individual accountability for their own practice
c. Admonishes staff for being laggards.
d. Reminds staff about the sanctions for non performance.
522. She finds out that some managers have benevolent-authoritative style of management. Which of the
following behaviors will she exhibit most likely?
a.Have condescending trust and confidence in their subordinates
b.Gives economic or ego awards
c.Communicates downward to the staff
d.Allows decision making among subordinate
CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
Situation :
To facilitate effective administration and management of nursing service in ay health care facility, a
nurse must be knowledgeable of the institution as an organization

523. To guide their professional relationship with other department, she must be aware of the organizational
structure of her institution. The purpose of an organizational structure is to?
a.Have a written plan of an organization to share with the governing bodies
b.Explain to each member the line of authority.
c.Inform all the staff members of the philosophy and goals of the institution
d. Provide the mechanism through which tasks are distributed among the members for goal
realization
524. One of the things that nurse A noticed when she entered the office of the chief nurse is the organizational
chart. Formal authority in the chart is indicated by a?
a.Broken line c.Straight line
b.Box d.Rectangle
525. Ms. Nelia Hizon has recently been designated as adviser on nursing matters to the Secretary of the
Department of health. This relationship is indicated in the organizational chart by?
a.Rectangle c.Box
b.Straight line d. Broken line
526. Unity of command in an organization denotes which of the following?
a.There should be one goal at a time to avoid conflict
b.Staff nurse work with other nurses to accomplish one goal
c.Subordinate like staff nurses allowable only to one person
d.Staff nurses support to two supervisors in one department
527. The hospital where you are working is celebrating its golden Jubilee Foundation. Three of the nurse
supervisors were assigned to be the head of different committees. The principle of management used here
is?
a.Delegation of authority c.Unity of command
b.Channel of communication d.Command responsibility
528. A nurse manager employs a leadership style in which decisions regarding the management of the nursing
unit are made without input from the staff nurse. The type of leadership style used is?
a.Autocratic c.Democratic
b.Situational d.Laissez- faire
529. A nurse manager is planning to implement a change in the method of documentation in the nursing unit.
Many problems have occurred as a result of the present documentation system as the nurse manger
determines that the change is required. The initial step in the process of change for the nurse manager is
which of the following?
a.Plain strategies to implement change
b. Identify potential solutions and strategies for the change process
c.Set goals and priorities regarding the change process
d.Identify the inefficiency that needs improvement or correction
530. There are things that the nurse must know before she signs a contract of employment. Which of the
following is not a must for her to know?
a.Fringe benefits c.Job functions
b.Salary and wages d. Problems of the fellow workers
531. What is the role of the associate nurse in primary nursing?
a.Acting as the patient advocate in the health care team
b.Coordinating a comprehensive care plan to the client
c.Caring for a small group of patients when the primary nurse is not on duty
d.Assisting with problem- solving and decision- making in management of the client
532. Which of the following persons provide the supportive role as a resource person, teacher, coordinator and
quality control agent in the unit
a.Primary care nurse c.The director of nursing
b.Hospital administrator d. The head nurse
533. It is the policy of the nursing service department that every six months, staff nurses are evaluated. The
right action to take is?
a.Share her feelings with her peer group
b.Keep quiet and accept the head nurse’s decision
c.Clarify from the head nurse the basis of her appraisal
d.Complaint to the chief nurse of the hospital
534. For the nurse to understand the organizational structure and design of the organization, she has to study the
hospital’s?
a.Manual of procedures c.organizational chart
b.SOP’s d.Mission and vision
535. Which of the following is the most traditional and oldest modality of nursing care?
a.Team c.Case
b.Primary d.Functional
536. A modality of nursing whereby the nurse manager makes all clinical protocols and decision?
a.Case c.Primary
b.Team d.Functional
537. When a professional nurse leads non professional nurses, the modality of care is?
a.Case c. Primary
b.Team d.Functional
538. A nurse is in charge in preparing the assignments for the day. The nursing assistant is assigned to make bed for
the patient while the other one is to fill in the pitchers of water. Another RN administers meds to all the patients.
This kind of nursing modality is?
a.Functional nursing c. Primary nursing
b.Team nursing d.Case method
539. In this kind of nursing modality a case manager is needed?
a.Functional nursing c. Primary nursing
b.Team nursing d.Case method
540. Formal authority in the organizational chart is depicted by?
a.Broken line c.Boxes
b.Solid line d.Arrows
541. What type of communication exists between nurses from different departments?
a.Lateral c.Diagonal
b.Vertical d.circular
542. A registered nurse is planning for the client assignment for the day. Which of the following is the most
appropriate assignment for a nursing assistant?
a. a client requires tap water enemas
b. a client requiring colostomy irrigation
c. a client requiring continuous tube feeding
d. a client with difficulty swallowing food and fluid
543. A registered nurse has received the assignment for the day shift. After making initial rounds and checking all the
assigned clients, which will the RN plan to care for first?
a. a client who is ambulatory
b. a client who has fever and who is diaphoretic and restless
c. a client scheduled for physical therapy at 1:00 pm
d. a post-operative client who has received pain medications
544. A nurse is assigned to care for four clients. In planning client rounds, which client would the nurse assess first?
a. a client receiving oxygen via nasal cannula who had difficulty breathing the previous shift
b. a post-operative client for discharge
c. a client scheduled for x-ray
d. a client requiring daily dressing changes

Situation : As Nursing Service Director, Mila Gains, considers the organizing function in the organization. She
has the ability to organize all the different elements of the organization in order to function as organized
whole which pertains to the following:
545. Organizing involves the following concepts, EXCEPT;
a.Establishment of formal authority
b.Process of designing the machine
c.Formulating assignments and follow-up
d.None of the above
546. The Nurse manager, must analyze hierarchy of positions which is a natural result of;
a.Specialization c.Unity of command
b.Span of control d.Homogeneity of assignment
547. The father of Bureaucracy, in organizing nursing tasks and positions is;
a.Elton Mayo c. Frederick Herzbergs
b.Max Weber d.Henry Fayol

548. Organizational Development includes all of the following, EXCEPT;

a.People development c. Financial management
b.Profit development d.Job analysis
 549. In analyzing organizational structure and design, the nurse manager, must be aware that the lines that
connect, the dietitian and the head nurse is;
a.Broad vertical line c.Broken lines
b.Horizontal straight line d. All, Except A
550. In job analysis program, the position by which a person is applying for is termed;
a.Job title c.Job functions
b.Description d.Job duties
551. As part of the organizing human resources, staffing patterns should be designed in such a way that, more
professional staff shall be assigned in what shift:
a.Morning shift c.Evening shift
b.Afternoon shift d.It does not matter what shift
552. When giving assignment to staff nurses, the head nurse must ensure that
a.Related nursing experience is c.Difficulties are encouraged
considered d. All except C
b.Based on the need of the individuals
553. Which of the following does not characterize a bureaucratic organization?
a.Personal considerations are c.Routines are assigned
encouraged d.Task are specialized
b.Formalizations are observed
554. If the nurse manager is a believer of Theory Y, the symptoms of management, includes all of the following,
EXCEPT;
a.Authority are shared c.Centralization of functions
b.Progressive discipline is done d.Open communication

PATIENT CARE CLASSIFICATION

Situation : The Nursing Service Director wants all patients to get the care they rightly deserve. With the
permission of administration, she asked the head nurse to organize the unit in such a way that the
patients are segregated or assigned the health personnel to meet the needs of the patients accordingly.
555. In the above situation, which of these patterns of nursing care will the head nurse use in classifying the
patients?
a.Progressive nursing care c.Primary nursing
b.Case method d.Modular nursing

556. The importance of this modality in the nursing viewpoint is that;

a.Overtime work is avoided c.Nursing care are better planned
b.Staffing requirements are met d.Functions are determined

557. A style of leadership in case of cardiac arrest in this situation, that may be utilized by the head nurse shall
be;
a.Autocratic c.Laissez-faire
b.Bureaucratic d.Situational
558. A nurse manager can obtain cooperation of the group by:
a. Issuing orders and memorandum c. Giving rewards
b. Asking suggestions d. Formulating policies
559. When a leader is assigned for the first time, the first thing he is expected to do is to;
a. Direct nursing care activities c. Organize patient care assignment
b. Plan with her members d. Evaluate the needs of the patient
560. The morning supervisor receives complaint from a doctor about a staff nurse who did not carry out his
order of Demerol to patient in severe pain. The nurse supervisor should first;
a. Ask the staff nurse to explain the incident
b. Talk to the head nurse about the complaint
c. Assess the patient f he really is in pain
d. Report the incident to the chief nurse
561. There are patients who need to be classified according to their needs, to better assist them in the
resolution of their needs. Patients who are recovering and are ready for discharge shall be classified in what
area?
a. Level I- supportive- educative
b. Level II- partially compensatory
c. Level III- wholly compensatory
d. Level IV- ambulatory
562. The basis for patient classification system includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
a. Patient’s needs c. Degree of dependency
b. Acuity of illness d. Classification of illness
563. The major proponent of the patient classification system was?
a. Florence Nightingale c. Lydia Hall
b. Dorothea Orem d. Martha Rogers
564. When a combination of team and functional nursing is supplemented with case method of nursing delivery,
the modality of nursing used by the nurse is:
a. Team c. Modular
b. Functional d. Progressive

565. Under conditions that vary, a nurse manager shall be adaptive to the prevailing status of the organization
utilizing what style of leadership?
a. Democratic c. Autocratic
b. Laissez-faire d. Situational
566. Dealing with old, trained and mature employee, may be a managerial dilemma, such that the nurse may
use any of the following styles of leadership, EXCEPT:
a. Coaching c. Participating
b. Delegating d. Consulting
567. When the nurse share ideas, gives directives and memorandum present to the group nursing needs and
problems and maintain two way communication to deal with the situation, utilizes what ability to enforce
authority:
a. Reward c. Information
b. Legitimate d. Referent

Nursing Care System

Situation : A general ward located in the third floor has the following characteristics: average daily
census of 46 patients; 4 sophomores, 2 juniors and 2 senior student nurses who are on duty in the
morning from Monday to Friday. The central supply room and pharmacy are located n the first floor. The
clinical instructor usually assigns one to two patients to each student. The C.I. together with the head
nurse from the group, form the available personnel (including the students) and specific number of
patients was assigned to each of the group. The seniors were designed as leaders. Each category of
personnel contributes to patient’s care according to skills and capabilities. During the weekends the
head nurse assigns specific task to be done to be able to deliver nursing care.

568. The method of nursing care delivery used by the CI is the:

a. Case c. Team approach
b. Functional d. Primary
569. The method used by both HN and CI on week days is the:
a. Case c. Team approach
b. Functional d. Primary
570. The method used by HN on weekends is the:
a. Case c. Team approach
b. Functional d. Primary
571. The factor that the HN was able to determine the appropriate method of nursing care delivery for the
weekend is the:
a. Available number of personnel c. Functionality of machines
b. Available facilities d. Geographical location
572. The principle of management used by both the CI and HN when assigning group is the:
a. Proper channeling of communication c. Scalar principle
b. Unity of command d. Division of labor
573. Regardless of the method of delivery the HN in her ward, which principle dictates that she will still be
answerable:
a. Command responsibility d. Function determine tasks
b. Unity of command
c. Scalar principle

574. The concept of management used by the HN and CI when the personnel were grouped with specific patient
assignment is:
a. Group management c. Participatory management
b. Division of labor d. Management by group
 575. The leader of the group on this method of delivery utilizes which styles of leadership:
a. Laissez faire c. Autocratic
b. Participative d. Bureaucratic
576. When the HN decides to use the functional method of nursing care delivery, this type of decision is called:
a. Satisfying c. Optimizing
b. Muddling through d. Maximizing
577. When the team leader decides on a patient’s problem regarding watcher, based on existing policies, this
type of decision is:
a. Satisfying c. Optimizing
b. Muddling through d. Maximizing
578. When the senior nurses were designed as leader of their respective groups, the principle of management
used is:
a. Unity of command c. Proper channeling
b. Command responsibility d. Delegation of responsibility

DELEGATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY

Situation : The Division Chief Nurse is often busy. She is required to participate in several committees and
meetings. She brings her assistant to some of these, assigns and orients her to the committee’s tasks:
579. Which of the following directing activities is the Chief Nurse primarily confirming?
a. Communication c. Training
b. Delegating d. Motivating

580. Effective leadership as well as management requires:

i. Understanding of self
ii. A well prepared instructor
iii. Knowledge of the basic theories on leadership and management
iv. Systematic use of self
a. 2,3 c. 2,3,4
b. 1,4 d. 1,3,4

581. A nurse who is tasked to decide on the number of staff needed to provide quality care for a particular
shift, possesses:
a. Power c. Knowledge
b. Managerial skills d. Authority
582. Leadership style may be aptly described by the following EXCEPT:
a. A formed behavior c. How a manager works
b. A role or title d. The manager of doing things
583. Formal authority in an organizational chart is indicated by:
a. Vertical straight line c. Broken line
b. Dotted lines d. Rectangle
584. A system used to deliver nursing care is known as:
a. Modalities of nursing c. Patterns of nursing care
b. Manual of procedures d. All except B
585. One on one nursing is also known as:
a. Hospital nursing c. Case method
b. Team nursing d. Primary nursing
586. The functional method nursing:
a. Relieves the head nurse of administrative responsibility
b. Concentrates on task and activities
c. Maximizes nursing resources
d. Pinpoints nurse’s liability
587. Primary Nursing:
a. Depends on physician for the initial assessment of patients
b. Provides continuity and comprehensive care
c. Maximizes nursing resources
d. Pinpoint’s nurse’s liability
588. Control of evaluation is best defined as:
a. Telling nursing personnel how well or how much improvement has been done
b. A continuous process of seeing that performance meets goals and targets
c. Obtaining commitment to do better
d. Follow-up of activities that have been started
589. In the lower level of nursing management, Directing means:
a. Overseeing and ascertaining the work of others
b. Accomplishing and ascertaining the work of others
c. Leading, motivating, communicating
d. All of the above
590. The efficient coordination of activities in departments like X-ray, laboratory, etc is the responsibility of the:
a. Nurse supervisor c. Head nurse
b. All nurse managers d. Charge nurse
591. Conflict is best described as:
a. Internal/external struggle about c. Visible strain between individuals
thoughts and feelings d. Verbal tussle between individuals
b. Violation of rights
592. When a nurse manager resolves conflict by defining values and goals openly, reasonably in a climate of
trust, her approach is said to be:
a. Integrative c. Smoothing
b. A compromise d. County club
593. When the nurse manager expresses her feelings, needs, ideas and stands for her rights while considering
the rights of others he is being:
a. Assertive c. Aggressive
b. Passive d. Non-assertive

SITUATION – Accountability and responsibility are key qualities for nurses and nurse leaders as they
provide care for patients and act as members of teams, organizations, communities and countries.
594. Accountability is defined as:
a. Being reliable, dependable, and obliged to accomplish work at an acceptable level
b. Justifying actions to supervisors
c. Being responsible and liable for decisions and actions
d. Knowing how to move up the chain of command
595. Which of the following is true about accountability?
a. It is a hallmark of healthcare professions
b. It seldom involves legal liability
c. It is separate from achieving care objectives
d. It must involve shared leadership
596. For all care scenarios, nurses are accountable for all the following, EXCEPT:
a. Exhibit ethical behavior c. Demonstrating intuitive thinking
b. Providing competent care skills
d. Practicing leadership
597. Nurses are accountable for maintaining quality-of-life issues such as stress management to which of the
following constituent?
a. Patients c. Community organizations
b. Government d. Themselves
598. Nurses are accountable to the government agencies that regulates health care by:
a. Holding colleagues accountable for the following codes of conduct
b. Working for continuous improvement of the health care system
c. Helping underserved populations access health care
d. Providing ways for health care professional to enhance their skills
599. An organizational structure in which several individuals jointly hold responsibility for achieving the
organization’s goals called:
a. Shared leadership c. Chain of command
b. Hierarchy d. Authority-responsibility matri
600. Which of the following is true about an organization’s chain of command:
a. It allows nurses to question orders and consult with the hierarchy of the organization
b. It is used only for nursing issues and does not apply to physicians
c. It prevents nurses from moving more than one level above the nurse’s level of employment
d. It does not require that the nurse reveal specific patient information
e.