Calculations

1) Ca gluconate 3 grams , if each 1gram gives 4.5 m.Eq of Ca gluconate , how many m.mole of
Ca in the 3 grams ?
Answer :
1 gm ------- 4.5 m.Eq
3 gm ------- X m.Eq
X = 3*4.5/1 = 13.5 m.Eq
No. of m.mole = No. of m.Eq / Valency = 13.5 / 2 = 6.75 m.mole
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2) Addison disease, you have a chart with equivalence to methyl prednisone so methyl
prednisone was 4 and prednisone was 5 in the chart and there was dexamethasone (the
chart included their glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid levels) and he was taking methyl
prednisone 15 mg BID and he wanted to change it to prednisone so what the suitable dose
would you give?
Answer :
Methyl Prednisone : Prednisone
4 = 5
15 * 2 = X
X = 15 * 2 * 5 / 4 = 37.5 mg Daily
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3) 1000 ml of 10% dextrose w/v dextrose was prepared. How many Kilocalorie will this make
knowing that 1 gram of dextrose gives 3.4 Kilocalories ?
Answer :
10 gm ------- 100 ml
X gm ------- 1000 ml
X = 1000*10/100 = 100 gm
1 gm ------- 3.4 Kilocalories
100 gm ------- X
X = 100*3.4/1 = 340 Kilocalories
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4) 15 Kg patient taking medication with strength 20 % w/v & rate is 4ml / hr. what is the rate of
infusion per day in gm / Kg.
Answer :
20 gm ------- 100 ml
X gm ------- 4 ml
X = 4*20/100 = 0.8 gm
So 4 ml / hr. = 0.8 gm / hr. = 0.8 *24 gm / day = 19.2 gm / day
So 19.2 gm /Day /15 kg = 19.2/15 gm / Kg / Day = 1.28 gm / Kg / Day
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5) Calculation Aminoglycoside IV in a hospital where they approximate the dose to nearest 50 ...
dose is 420 mg Stock 80 mg/2ml how many ml will you take?
Answer :
Dose = 420 So be 400 to the nearest 50
80 mg -------- 2 ml
 400 mg ------- X ml
X = 400*2/80 = 10 ml
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6) Patient is getting IV Morphine (conc. 0.2mg/ml/hr) by a pump. Now the Dr. wants to increase
the conc. to (0.5mg/ml/hr). If you know that, the syringe used in the pump is 60 ml and the
Morphine stock conc. is 10 mg/ml. Calculate the amount of stock solution to be added to the
current conc. to get the desired conc.
Answer :
Change in rate = 0.5 - 0.2 = 0.3 mg/ml
Change in amount = 0.3*60 = 18 mg
10 mg ------- 1 ml
18 mg ------- X ml
X = 18*1/10 = 1.8 ml
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7) You have subs. A conc. is 4% to be added to subs B to have a final volume of 50 ml. After
mixing both subs. The conc. of subs. A in the final solution was 0.1 %, Calculate the amount
of subs. B in Mg in each dose if you divided the total solution to 5 small doses. Conc. of subs
B is 10% w/v.
Answer :
C1*V1 = C2*V2
4%*V1 = 0.1%*50
V1 = 0.1%*50/4% = 1.25 ml which is the final volume of subs. A
Volume of subs. B = 50 -1.25 = 48.75 ml
10 gm ------- 100 ml
X gm ------- 48.75 ml
X = 48.75 * 10/100 = 4.875 gm
4.875mg /5 doses = 0.975 gm in each dose.
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8) You have 89 % Camphour liquid & you want to prepare 60 ml of 2 % Camphour , So how
many ml of Camphour will you need ?
Answer :
C1*V1 = C2*V2
2%*60 = 89% *V2
V2 = 60*2%/89% = 1.348 ml
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9) You got the following Rx, what will be the final amount of Mometasone cream?
10% Drug X
1% Drug Y
0.05% Tretinoin cream aa Mometasone cream
M: 60 gm
Answer :
Drug X = 10 % * 60 gm = 6 gm
Drug Y = 1 % * 60 gm = 0.6 gm
Remaining = 60 - 6 - 0.6 = 53.4 gm
 Tretinoin cream = Mometasone cream
Mometasone cream = 53.4 gm / 2 = 26.7 gm
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10) Anorexic patient treatment BMI <18.5, 5ft, 7inches what is the minimum weight she should
be?
Answer :
BMI = Weigh"kg" / Height " m " * Height "m"
Height = 5 ft +7 inches =5*12 + 7 = 67 inch = 67*2.54 cm = 170.18 cm = 1.7018 m.
18.5 = Weight / 1.7018*1.7018
Weight < 18.5 * 1.7018 * 1.7018 < 53.57 Kg
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11) RRR Calculation with 10 event and 15 controlled and calculate NNT
Answer :
RRR = 15 -10 / 15 * 100 = 33.3 %
NNT = 1 / (15 - 10) * 100 = 1/5 * 100 = 20
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12) Patient with anorexia with a height of 6 feet and 5 inches. According to standard guidelines
BMI <18.5 is considered low weight. What is the minimum acceptable weight for this patient
Answer :
BMI = Weigh"kg" / Height " m " * Height "m"
Height = 6 ft +5 inches =6*12 + 5 = 77 inch = 77*2.54 cm = 195.58 cm = 1.9558 m.
18.5 = Weight / 1.9558*1.9558
Weight < 18.5 * 1.9558 * 1.9558 < 70.76 Kg
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13) Dose 2mg BID for 10 days & you have stock solution of 10mg/ml . how many ml will you
dispense ?
Answer :
Dose = 2mg*2 times/day * 10 days = 40 mg
10 mg ------- 1 ml
40 mg ------- X ml
X = 40*1/10 = 4 ml
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14) Calculation about camphor 5%, menthol 5%, basic cream 454 gm, the jar of cream is 454 gm,
the Pharmacist want use the full amount of cream jar, and how much should you add from
Camphor.
Answer :
5 gm ----- 100 gm
X gm ----- 454 gm
X = 454*5/100 = 22.7 gm
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15) Daily dosage of product X is 11mg/Kg for 3 days .How many ml of stock solution of product X
containing 50mg/ml should be given for a patient weighting 100 Ibs.
Answer :
Weight = 100 Ibs = 100 / 2.2 = 45.45 Kg
 Dose = 11 mg / Kg = 11*45.45 = 500 mg/Patient /Day = 500*3 = 1500 mg / Patient / 3 Days
Now i have : 50 mg ------- 1 ml
1500 mg ------- X ml
X = 1500*1/50 = 30 ml
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16) Ampicillin 5,000,000 units when added to 23 ml of water yield 200,000 units / ml.how much
water needed to make it 250,000 units /0.5 ml .
Answer :
200,000 Us ------- 1 ml
5,000,000 Us ------- X ml
X = 1*5,000,000/200,000 = 25 ml
amount of Ampicillin = 25 - 23 = 2 ml.
250,000 Us ------- 0.5 ml
5,000,000 Us ------- X ml
X = 5,000,000*0.5/250,000 = 10 ml
amount of water = 10 - 2 = 8 ml
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17) Phenytoin dose for a child was 100 mg & the serum level was 5 nm , it was not effective So
the Dr. decided to increase the dose to 200 mg . assuming first order kinetic what will be the
serum level ?
Answer :
100 mg ------- 5 nm
200 mg ------- X nm
X=200*5/100 = 10 nm
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18) Patient weight 55 Ibs was prescribed Amoxicillin which comes in 2 concentrations 125mg/5ml
(3.2 $ /100 ml bottle)& 250mg/5ml(5.4 $ /100 ml bottle).the Dr. prescribed 7.5 mg/Kg to be
given TID for 10 days.how many bottle will be more economic to dispense this prescribtion ?
Answer :
Weight = 55Ibs/2.2 = 25 Kg
Dose = 7.5mg/Kg*25*3times/day*10days=5625 mg
125 mg ------- 5 ml
X mg ------- 100 ml
X = 125*100/5 = 2500 mg
250 mg ------- 5 ml
X mg ------- 100 ml
X = 250*100/5 = 5000 mg
So to get 5625 mg It's better to get a bottle of 125mg/5ml & a bottle of 250mg/5ml
Cost = 3.2+5.4 = 8.6 $
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19) Preparation of 5% stock solution, you want to make 0.0125% so you use.
5 ml in 2 liter Or
5 ml in 1 liter Or
2.5 ml in 2.5 liter
Answer :
C1*V1 = C2 * V2
0.0125% * V1 = 5 % * V2
V1/V2 = 5%/0.0125%=5/0.0125=400
So 5 ml in 2 L= 5 / 2000 = 1/400
5 ml in 1 L= 5 /1000 = 1/200
2.5 ml in 2.5 L= 2.5 /2500 = 1/1000
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20) Rifampin provided in the market as 5mg/5ml . adult dose is 300 mg BID , Child dose 10
mg/Kg.you have 4 adults & 20 children weight 20 Kg & 10 Children weight 30 Kg.How many
ml of Rifampin will be needed to dispense these doses ?
Answer :
Adult : 4 adults * 300 mg * 2 per day = 2400 mg/day
Chilrends :
10 mg ------- Kg
X mg ------- 20 kg
X = 20*10/1 = 200 mg
20 Children = 20*200 = 4000 mg
Y mg ------- 30 kg
Y = 30*10/1 = 300 mg
10 Children = 10*300 = 3000mg
Total = 2400+4000+3000 = 9400mg
5 mg ------- 5 ml
9400 mg ------- X ml
X = 9400*5 / 5 = 9400 ml
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21) Patient takes 5mg prednisone tab. She is taking 10mg/day for the 1st week then dose
decreased by half tab every week. Calculate total tab required
Answer :
1st week: 10 x 7 = 70 mg
2nd week: 7.5mg x 7 = 52 mg
3rd week: 5mg x 7 days= 35 mg
4th week: 2.5 mg x 7 day = 17.5 mg
Total =70+52+35+17.5 = 174.5 mg / 5mg per Tablet = 35 tablets
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22) A physician prescribed a fortified eye drops for a patient Tobramycin 13.5mg /ml gtt ou twice
daily. How much of the 40 mg/ml stock solution should be added to 5ml of 0.3% to get the
desired concentration?
Answer :
0.3 % means 0.3 gm ------- 100 ml
X gm ------- 1 ml
X=1*0.3/100=0.003 gm = 3mg
So 0.3%=3mg/ml
By allegation method :
 40mg/ml 10.5 =X

13.5mg/ml X = 5*10.5/26.5 = 1.98 ml

3mg/ml 26.5 = 5ml

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23) In order to weigh a compound that that has 5% accuracy on a balance that has sensitivity
error of 4.5 mg. What is the minimum weighable amount?
Answer :
Sensitivity = Weight * error
4.5 = Weight * 5%
Weight = 4.5*100/5 = 90 mg
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24) drug X /drug Y /drug Z , Ratio is 1:2:2 and he total quantity mitte 150g, What is the
percentage of the drug X?
Answer:
X:Y:Z
1 :2:2
X = 1 / 5 = 20 %
25) If Con. of the total mix is 1% , what is the Con. of X ?
Answer:
1 % *20 %=0. 2 %
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26) You have compound A which is 20% w/w Salicylic acid, you also have compound B which is
10% w/v Salicylic acid. You want to prepare a 2% Salicylic acid solution in which you end up
using 1% of each of the above compounds (A and B). You will use
Answer :
Compound A : 20 mg ------- 100 mg
1 mg ------- X mg X= 1*100/20 = 5 mg of compund A
Compound B : 10 mg ------- 100 ml
1 mg ------- Y ml Y = 1*100/10 = 10 ml of Compound B
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27) A physician prescribed potassium supplements 20 m.Eq TID to patient but this patient does
not want to take supplements. He asks the physician if he can eat bananas instead. If each
large banana has 602 potassium. How many bananas should the patient eat each day?( M.wt
K = 39).
Answer :
20 m.Eq TID = 60 m.Eq per day
m.Eq = M.Wt * Valency = 39 * 1 = 39 mg
Each day = 60mEq = 60*39= 2340 mg
Each banana contain 602 mg
No. of banana = 2340/6002 = 3.88
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28) Atrial for a new drug was conducted Vs placebo , the new drug was tried on 5265 patient and
placebo on 5000 patient . from the new drug group 28 get side effect compared to 7 in the
placebo group . what is the odd ratio ?
Answer :
Drug Placebo
Total 5265 5000
Affected A 28 D 7
Not-Affected C 5237 B 4493
Odd ratio = AB/CD = 28*4493 / 7*5237 = 3.8
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29) Ferrous gluconate TID, contains , One tablet contains 300 mg Iron. How much elemental iron
daily?
Answer :
Ferrous gluconate contains 11.7 % elemental iron.
3 Tabs/day = 900 mg Iron.
Elemental iron = 900 * 11.7 % = 105.3 mg
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30) You have a stock solute of 10% W/V you are required to dilute it as 1:5 by adding suitable
diluent, the total final volume of solution is 5 ml. what is the appropriate volume of diluents
and stock solution you need to make the required solute & what would be the amount of drug
in the final solution ?
Answer :
10 % Soln. diluted as 1:5 become 2 %
C1*V1 = C2*V2
2%*5=10%*V2
V2=2%*5/10%=1ml So 1 ml stock solution & 4 ml ( rest of 5 ml needed ) diluent
Final solution : 2% means 2 gm ------- 100 ml
X gm ------- 5 ml
X=5*2 /100 = 0.1 gm = 100 mg
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31) Dr. presribed for a 7 years old boy 16 ml/hr. from the following formula
Na 40 m.mole/ L
K 40 m.mole / L
then he wanted to give him 14ml/hr. of the formula . How many m.mole of K the boy will get
daily .
Answer :
Rate = 14ml / hr =14*24 ml/ Day = 336 ml / day
40 m.mol ------- 1000 ml
X m.mol ------- 336 ml
X =336*40/1000 = 13.44 m.mole / Day
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32) 6 years old child the Dr. ordered a loading dose of Phenytoin 20mg/Kg infused with a rate of
0.5 mg/Kg/min. If you've it in 100 ml bag . what is the rate of pumb that you must be adjusted
in ml/hr. ?
Answer :
0.5 mg ------- 1 kg ------- 1 min
20 mg ------- 1 kg ------- X
X = 1*20/0.5 = 40 min.
100 ml ------- 40 min
Y ml ------- 60 min
Y = 60*100/40 = 150 ml
So rate = 150 ml/ hr
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33) What is the time to reach 94% Css for a product have T1/2 = 18 hr. ?
Answer :
Css = 4.5 T1/2 = 4.5*18 = 81 hr. = 3.375 Days
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34) Drug with seum con. 45mg/L & T1/2 24 hr. , when the conc. will be 22.5 mg/L .
Answer :
Log C = log Cₒ - k*t /2.303
k =0.693 / t1/2
C=22.5
C0= 45
T1/2 = 24
K = 0.693/24 = 0.028875
Log 22.5 = log 45 - 0.028875 t / 2.303
t = 2.303 / 0.028875 *(log45-log22.5)
t=24 hr.
Another way:
You notice it decreased from 45 to 22.5 (i.e. half the conc.) so it have to take a T1/2 which is
24 hr.
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35) 30 gm of cream enough to cover the whole body , we need to cover 10 % of the body BID for
a week , how many gream do we need ?
Answer :
30 gm ------- 100 %
X gm ------- 10 %
X = 10%*30/100%=3 gm
3 gm * 2 times/day * 7 days = 42 gm
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36) a hypokalemic patient his K level is 2.3 m.mole/L so he is in need to K supplement . If the
maximum amount allowed per day is 3 L.given at the rate of infusion of 60m.mole/L. find the
rate of infusion in m.mole/hr.
Answer :
60 m.mole ------- 1L.
X m.mole ------- 3L.
X= 3*60/1 = 180 m.mole
180 m.mole ------ 24 hr.
Y m.mole ------- 1 hr.
Y = 1*180/24 = 7.5 m.mole / hr.
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37) You've 20 ml ampoule of a conc. 0.75 %, if you need to prepare 250 ml solution have conc. of
0.125 % so what is the volume of diluent needed to dilute soln.
Answer :
C1*V1 = C2*V2
0.125*250 = 0.75 * V2
V2 = 0.125*250/0.75 = 41.6 ml
So diluent = 250 - 41.6 = 208.4 ml
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38) Patient take Morphin SR 30 mg BID , Dr. has switched him to liquid Morphin 5mg/ml every
4hr.Calculate how many ml /dose he will take .
Answer :
Dose 30 * 2 = 60 mg Daily
5 mg ------- 1 ml
60 mg ------- X ml
X= 1*60/5 = 12 ml
12 ml divided on 6 doses( every 4 hr.)
Dose = 12/6 = 2 ml
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39) 2 gm of Ampicillin dissolved in 19 ml water "specific gravity = 1 " to form 20 ml , what is Conc.
in w/w & w/v .
Answer :
2 gm ------- 20 ml
X gm ------- 100 ml
X =100*2/20 = 10 gm
So 10 gm in 100 ml = 10 % w/v
19 ml water = 19 mg water ( Density = W/V )
2 gm ------- (2+19) gm
Y gm ------- 100 gm
Y = 2*100 / 21 = 9.52 gm
So 9.52 gm in 100 gm = 9.52 % w/w
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40) Vitamin D capsule contain 1.25 mg , each 100 microgram = 400 IU. if you want to prepare 60
gm containing 10000 IU .How many capsule will you need ?
Answer :
100 microgram ------- 400 IU
X microgram ------- 10000 IU
X = 10000*100/400 = 2500 microgram
Capsule = 1.25 mg = 1250 microgram
2500 microgram = 2500/1250 = 2 Capsules
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41) Ketoconazole 200 mg 1%
Clindamycin 2%
Camphor 0.25 %
Cetaphil lotion 120 ml
 how many mg of Ketoconazole & Clindamycin needed to dispense this formula ?
Answer :
Ketoconazole = 1%*120 ml = 1.2 mg
Clindamycin = 2%*120 ml = 2.4 mg
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42) Patient in hospital is taking IV Cotrimoxazole (each ml contain 80 mg SMT / 16mg TMP) 0.5
ml Q6hr. Dr. want to shift him to liquid ( 200 mg STM / 40 mg TMP ) in each 5 ml , how many
of liquid is needed to provide the equivalent dose as was taken IV.
Answer :
0.5 ml Q6hr = 0.5 * 4 = 2 ml /Day
SMT : 80 mg ------- 1 ml
X mg ------- 2 ml
X= 2*80/1 = 160 mg
Liquid 200 mg ------- 5 ml
160 mg ------- Y ml
Y = 160*5/200 = 4 ml/Day
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43) 95 gm NaCl dissolved in 2 L. dextrose 5 % calculate m.Eq /L.
Answer :
95 gm ------- 2 L
X gm ------- 1 L
X = 1*95/2 = 47.5 gm
M.Wt = 58.5
Valency = 1
m.Eq = M.wt
47.5 gm = 47.5/58.5 m.Eq = 0.8 m.Eq/L.
Or 2L. of 95 % NaCl , what is the m.Eq/L.
95 mg ------- 100 ml
X mg ------- 1000 ml
X = 1000*95/100 = 950 mg
M.Wt = 58.5
Valency = 1
1900 mg = 950 / 58.5 m.Eq = 16.24 m.Eq/L
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44) To make 100 gm of ointement we need 60 ml mineral oil , how much mineral oil needed to
make 480 mg of ointement " specific gravity 0.9 "
Answer :
60 ml ------- 100 gm
X ml ------- 480 gm
X = 480*60/100 = 288 ml
Density = W/V
0.9 = W / 28.8
W = 0.9*288 = 259.2 mg
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45) What would be the volume of 60 gm of glycerine " Specific gravity = 0.928 "
Answer :
Density = W/V
0.928 = 60 / V
V = 60/0.928 = 64.65 ml
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46) Phosphorus dose is 0.24 m.mole /Kg, weight of patient 60 kg . stock soln. 5ml vial contain
15m.mole of phosphorus , How much stock soln. neeede .
Answer :
Dose = 0.24 m.mole / Kg = 0.24 * 60 Kg = 14.4 m.mole
15 m.mole ------- 5 ml
14.4 m.mole ------- X ml
X = 14.4*5/15 = 4.8 ml
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47) Patient weight 13.5 Kg need Amphotericin B 0.25 mg/Kg/hr.Vial of 50 mg diluted to 10ml,
How many ml of Vial needed ?
Answer :
0.25 mg ------- Kg
X mg ------- 13.5 Kg
X = 13.5 *0.25 /1 = 3.375 mg
Vial : 50 mg ------- 10 ml
3.375 mg ------- Y ml
Y = 3.375*10/50 = 0.675 ml
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48) Amphotericin Bdosing 250 microgram /Kg/Day,Dose is increased by 250 microgram/Kg /every
other day .what would be the dose for a child weight 20 Kg on the 5th day .
Answer :
Dose 250 microgram ------- 1 Kg
X microgram ------- 20 Kg
X =20*250/1 = 5000 microgram
Increase in the dose 250microgram/Kg = 5000 microgram / 20 Kg
1st day ------- 5000 microgram
2nd day ------- 5000 microgram
3rd day ------- 5000 +5000 = 10000 microgram
4th day ------- 10000 microgram
5th day ------- 10000+5000 = 15000 microgram
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49) Dr. want to add a certain amount of Na & K to IV soln. as follow : 60m.mole Na Cl & 40
m.mole KCl, the available stock soln. are :4 m.Eq/ml Na & 20 m.Eq/10 ml K. how many ml
needed from stock soln.
Answer :
For Na : Since Valency = 1
M.mole = m.Eq
60 m.mole = 60 m.Eq
 4 m.Eq ------- ml
60 m.Eq ------- X
X = 1*60/4 = 15 ml
For K : Since Valency = 1
M.mole = m.Eq
40 m.mole = 40 m.Eq
20m.Eq ------- 10 ml
40m.Eq ------- Y
Y = 40*10/20 = 20 ml
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50) Drug X cause S.E in 50 patient out of 500 & Drug Y cause the same S.E in 25 out of 500 ,
what is NNT ?
Answer :
X = 50/500 *100% = 10%
Y = 25/500*100% = 5%
ARR=10-5 = 5 %
NNT = 1/ARR* 100 = 1/5 * 100 = 20
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51) Solution contain 5,000,000 unit diluted by 8 ml of water yield 500,000 unit / ml.how much
water needed to make it 125,000 unit/0.5 ml .
Answer :
500,000 U ------- 1 ml
5,000,000 U ------- X ml
X = 1*5,000,000/500,000 = 10 ml
amount of Substance = 10 - 8 = 2 ml.
125,000 U ------- 0.5 ml
5,000,000 U ------- X ml
X = 5,000,000*0.5/125,000 = 20 ml
amount of water = 20 - 2 = 18 ml
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52) Formula contain 15 m.Eq of NaCl & 20 m.Eq of KCl in 500 ml , how many m.Eq of Cl in 1 L.
Answer :
Total m.Eq of Cl = 15 + 20 = 35 m.Eq ------- 500 ml
X m.Eq ------- 1000 ml
X= 1000*35/500 = 70 m.Eq / L.
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53) Drug X 85% bioavailability in oral form. Complete serum concentration if IV dose is 500mg.
How much is oral dose to reach similar serum conc.?
Answer :
Bioavailability 85 % means 100 mg Oral ------- 85 mg in serum
IV 500 mg means 500 mg in serum
X mg Oral ------- 500 mg in serum
X = 500*100/85 = 588.2 mg
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54) Methadone 8.1 gm
Na Benzoate 1.15 gm
Liquid qs 810 ml
What is the amount of Methadone & Na benzoate to prepare 900 ml?
Answer:
Methadone = 8.1/810 * 900 = 9 gm
Na Benzoate = 1.15/810 * 900 = 1.27 gm
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55) A drug is given in a dose of 1 gm IV Q12hr., the desired therapeutic level of the drug in the
serum is 15-20 mg/L. , When blood drown just before the next dose the serum conc. was
found 10.57 mg/L. , what is the appropriate dose of drug to maintain the therapeutic serum
level
Answer:
10.57 mg/L ------- 1gm (100 mg) of drug
15 mg/L ------- X
X = 15*1/10.57 = 1.419 gm (1419 mg)
So the dose must be more than 1.419 gm.
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56) Tobramycin IV 400 mg/24 hr was given to a patient, peak conc. is > 20mg & rough conc.
required is < 0.5 mg. post dose peak was 28 mg/L.& after 10 hr. was 7 mg/L. find the T1/2 &
the correct dose.
Answer:
Log C = Log Cₒ - (k*t /2.303)
Log 7 = Log 28 - (10K /2.303)
k=0.14
T1/2= 0.693 / K = 0.693 / 0.14 = 4.99 hr (5 hr.)

400 mg / 24 hr ------- 28 mg/ L

X mg / 24 hr ------- 20 mg / L
X = 20*400 / 28 = 285.7 mg

285.7 mg ------- 24 hr
400 mg ------- Y
Y = 400*24/285.7 = 33.6 hr.
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57) Dr. prescribed ferrous sulphate 20mg/Kg/Day for a patient weighs 20 Ib, you have Ferrous
sulphate 300mg/5ml solution is stock, how many ml of stock soln. you'll need?
Answer:
Weight = 20 / 2.2 = 9.09 Kg
Dose = 20mg*9.09 Kg =181.8 mg/ Day
300 mg ------- 5 ml
181.8 mg ------- X
X = 181.8*5/300 = 3.03 ml
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58) Capsule contain 20 microgram = 400 IU. Capsule contain 1.25 mg .patient need 100000 IU
.How many capsule will you need ?
Answer :
20 microgram ------- 400 IU
1250 microgram ------- X IU
X = 1250*400/20 = 25000 IU / Capsule
100000 IU = 100000/25000 = 4 Capsules
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59) 30 gm of cream enough to cover the whole body , we need to cover 20 % of the body BID for
a week , how many gream do we need ?
Answer :
30 gm ------- 100 %
X gm ------- 20 %
X = 20%*30/100%=6 gm
6 gm * 2 times/day * 7 days = 84 gm
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60) Clinical trial report show that in the control group 338 patients out of 9332 patients died & in
the drug group 320 out of 9650 patients died , find RRR ?
Answer:
Control = 338 / 9332 *100% = 3.62 %
Drug = 320 / 9650 *100 % = 3.31 %
RRR = (3.62-3.31) / 3.62 * 100 % = 8.5 %
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61) Patient who weight 1.64 Kg require a dose of Ferrous sulphate 4 mg/kg/Day .you have stock
solution contain 20mg/ml , how many stock solution for this patient for a month of treatment ?
Answer:
Dose = 4 mg*1.64 Kg *30 Day = 196.8 mg
20 mg ------- ml
196.8 mg ------- X
X = 196.8*1/20 = 9.84 ml
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62) Drug X is not metabolized & excreted unchanged from kidney it's given IV in dose of 100
mg,give AUC = 150 , Dr. want to switch to an oral form which give AUC = 100 so what is the
approbriate oral dose to get the same effect ?
Answer :
IV Dose* AUC = Oral Dose * AUC
100*150 = Oral Dose * 100
Oral dose = 100*150/100 = 150 mg
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63) How much cool tar powder you should add to 120 gm of 5 % cool tar to make conc. of 20 % ?
Answer :
Allegation Method
100 % 15 ---------- X
20 % X = 15*120/80 = 22.5 gm
5% 80 ------- 120
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64) 3% NaCl ( 0.9 % = 135.8 m.mol )
How many of 3% added to 5L of 110m.mol /l to prepare 140 m.mol /l
Answer:
0.9 % ------- 135.8 m.mol / l
3 % ------- X m.mol / l
X = 3*135.8 /0.9 = 452.6 m.mol / l

452.6 30 ---------- X ml
140 X = 5000*30/312.6= 479.84 ml
110 312.6 ---- 5000 ml
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65) Patient was given Drug X 08:00. At 10:00, levels were 60. At 22:00, levels were 45, what is
T1/2?
Answer :
Log C=log Cₒ - KT /2.303
Log 45=log 60 - K*12/ 2.303
k= 0.02397
T½ = 0.693/0.02397=28.9 hr .
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66) Patient receives 1 gm Vancomycin IV, T ½ of Vancomycin is 3 days. After 3 days later, he
received 1 gm Vancomycin IV, the blood concentration was 15mmol/L what is the steady
state trough concentration of Vancomycin
Answer:
After 3 days ( 1 T1/2) the conc. was 15 m.mole/L. So at time of adminstration it was 30 m.mole/L.
30 45 52.5 56.25 58.12 59 ( Peak )

15 22.5 26.25 28.12 29 ( Trough )

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67) Pharmacist has received a Rx consists of Hydrocortisone ,Zn Oxide, Nitroglycerine 0.2 % mitt
30 gm , he has nitroglycerine ointment 60 gm (2%) to prepare this Rx , how much
nitroglycerine will remain in the tube .
Answer:
C1*V1 = C2*V2
0.2%*30= 2%*V2
V2 = 0.2*30/2 = 3 gm
The remaining = 60-3 = 57 gm
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68) Rx 2mg BID for 10 days. You have stock of 10mg/ml, how much will u need to dispense this
Rx?
Answer:
Dose 2 * 2 * 10 = 40 mg
10 mg ------- ml
40 mg ------- X
X = 1*40/10 = 4 ml
69) Child needs TPN with 0.5 micromole/L of Selenium, your stock is 0.25 micromole/L & 40
microgram /ml, how much of 40 µg/ml of selenium would you add if you want to make 482mL
(M.Wt of selenium is 79).
Answer:
40 microgram ------- 1 ml
X microgram ------- 1000 ml
X = 1000*40/1 = 40000 microgram / L.
No. of m.mole = 40000 / 79 = 506.32 m.mole /L.
0.25 505.82 ------- X
0.5
506.32 0.25 -------- Y
X+Y = 482 ml
Y = 0.25/ (505.82+0.25) * 482 = 0.238 L.
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70) Comparison between drug A & drug B where done at ER (Emergency Room). Calculate the
number will benefit from the drug A compared to B when treating 1000 patients
Drug A Drug B
Cardiac events 15 300
Death events 35 25
Calculate ARR & NNT for each drug?
Answer:
Drug A EER = 50 / 1000 = 5 %
Drug B EER = 325 / 1000 = 32.5 %
ARR = 32.5 - 5 = 27.5 %
NNT = 1 / ARR = 1 / 27.5 * 100 = 3.6.
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71) A female patient weight is 138 bound and 57 years old, her serum creatinine level is 150.
what is her Cr.Cl
Answer:
1.2*(140 -age)* Weight in Kg
Cr.Cl (ml/min) =
Serum Creatinine

= 1.2*(140-57)* (138 /2.2) / 150 = 41.65 ml/min

Female C. Cl = 0.85 * Cr.Cl
= 0.85 * 41.65 = 35.4 ml/min
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72) Given lipid% amino acid 7% dextrose 20% at a rate of 62.5ml/hr and dextrose 4% at rate
42ml/hr, weight 65kg
Calculate total protein/kg daily?
Calculate total carbohydrate daily (1g=3.4kcal)
Answer:
Protein is in amino acid, rate 62.5 ml ------- 1 hr
X ml ------- 24 hr (day)
 X = 24*62.5/1 = 1500 ml
Amino acid conc. is 7 gm ------- 100 ml
Y gm ------- 1500 ml
Y = 1500 * 7 / 100 = 105 gm
105gm / 65 kg = 1.6 gm/ Kg / Day
Carbohydrates are in Dextrose
62.5 ml ------- 1 hr 42 ml ------- 1 hr
X ml ------- 24 hr X ml ------- 24 hr
= 1500ml = 1008 ml
20gm ------- 100 ml 4 gm ------- 100 ml
X gm ------- 1500ml X gm ------- 1008ml
= 300gm = 40.32gm
Total = 300+40.32 = 340.32g daily x (3.4 Kcal) = 1157 kcal/day
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73) Dose to be given as an infusion 900mg, 50mg/hr initially then increase by 50 mg/hr every 30
min until maximum 400mg/hr. how many hours needed
Answer:
50 ml /hr = 25 ml/ 30 min
0.....25 ....50.....75....100...125....150....175...200
Total = 900
8*30 min = 4 hr
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74) You have 1% Atropine sulphate solution. How much Nacl USP should be added to the
formula to be isotonic (1% atropine is isotonic)
R/ Atropine sulfate 1% 7.5 ml
Sterile water DS 15 ml
Answer :
Since Atropine Sulfate 1 % is isotonic , we have to confirm that sterile water is isotonic too.
Water used = 15 - 7.5 = 7.5 ml
Isotonic means 0.9 gm ------- 100 ml
X gm ------- 7.5 ml
X = 7.5*0.9 / 100 = 0.0675 gm = 67.5 mg
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75) Doctor is starting a patient who is 60 kg on Isotretinoin ,he wants to start at 0.5 mg/kg/day for
4 weeks . after the 4 weeks he wants to increase the dose to 1 mg/kg/day . the total
cumulative dose is 120-150 mg/kg . if he starts with 30 mg daily for 4 weeks , what is the next
step ?
( 30mg BID for 3 months - 4 months - 5 months or 60 mg BID for 3 months - 5 months )
Answer :
minimum cumulative dose = 120mg*60Kg=7200 mg
taken dose = 30mg/daily *28 days = 840 mg
So the dose should be taken = 7200 - 840 = 6360 mg
If patient takes 30 mg BID = 30mg *2 = 60 mg Daily
No. of days = 6360 / 60 = 106 days = 3.5 months
as this is the minimum cumulative dose So the dose should be used for more than 3.5 month
the answer is 30 mg BID for 4 months
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76) In hospital patient has received 1 gm Vancomycin after 2 hr the blood conc. was 35 m.mol/L
.after 72 hr the conc. was 17 m.mol/L & he has received a second dose of 1 gm Vancomycin.
Peak conc. is 20 m.mol/L, trough 15 m.mol/L when should he take the third dose?
( 1 day - 2 days - 3 days - 5 days after the second dose )
Answer :
Log C = log Cₒ - k*t /2.303
k = (2.303 / t) * log( Cₒ / C)
k = (2.303/70)*log(35/17) = 0.010 hr-1

Log C = log Cₒ - k*t /2.303

Log 35 = log Cₒ - (0.010*2) / 2.303
log Cₒ = 1.544+0.008 = 1.552 ---------------- Cₒ = 35.7 m.mol/L

So upon the second dose :

Cₒ = 35.7 + 17 ( remains from the 1st dose ) = 52.7 m.mol /L
C = 15 m.mol / L. ( trough conc. at which the 3rd dose has to be taken )
k = 0.010 hr -1
Log C = log Cₒ - k*t /2.303
t = (2.303 / k) * log( Cₒ / C)
t = ( 2.303/0.010)* log ( 52.7/15) =125.679 hr = 5.23 days
So the 3 rd dose has to be taken 5 days after the 2nd dose
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77) Patient receives 1 gm Vancomycin IV, T ½ of Vancomycin is 3 days. After 3 days later, the
blood concentration was 15mmol/L , he received 500 mg Vancomycin IV, what is the steady
state trough concentration of Vancomycin
Answer:
After 3 days ( 1 T1/2) the conc. was 15 m.mole/L. So at time of adminstration it was 30 m.mole/L.
1 gm = 30 m.mole/L So 500 mg = 15 m.mole/ L.
30 30 30 30 30 30 ( Peak )

15 15 15 15 15 ( Trough )
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78) Syrup 85%w/v solution of sucrose in water it has a density of 1.313g/ml .how many millilitres
of water should be used to make 125ml of syrup
Answer:
As syrup density is 1.313 so this means that weight of 100 ml syrup is 131.3 gm and
as it is 85 % w/v so it contains 85 gram sucrose and 46.3 gm water
so to prepare 125 ml syrup we need (46.3*125/100) = 57.6 ml
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Body Surface Area = √HW / 3600 . H= Height in Cm , W= Weight in Kg.
Body Mass Index = W/H2 . W=Weight in Kg , H = Height in M.
Density " Specific Gravity " = W/V. W=Weight ,V=Volume .
Vd = D/CP , Vd = Volume of Distribution , D =Dose , Cp = Conc. in Plasma.
Css = R / Cl = K*Vd*Css /K*Vd , Css = Steady state Conc. , R = , Cl =Clearance , K Constant
Loading Dose = Css *Vd .
Cl = K*Vd K = 0.693 / T1/2
Children Dose = Age " year " / age + 12 * Adult's Dose
= Age " Months " / 150 * Adult's Dose
= BSA / 173 * Adult's Dose
= Weight " Pound " /150 * Adult's Dose