King Saud University
CE 378: Reinforced Concrete Design I
Tutorial 4
Use SBC 304 to:
a) Design a simply supported rectangular RC beam with tension reinforcement only to carry a
superimposed dead load of 10 kN/m (excluding beam’s self-weight) and live load of 6 kN/m. The
span of the beam is 5.0 m.
b) Sketch the final designed cross-section of the beam.
Design data
Compressive strength of concrete, 𝑓’𝑐 = 28 MPa
Yield strength of reinforcing steel, 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa
Concrete cover 40 mm
Size of stirrups 8 mm
Size of main reinforcement 16 mm
Maximum size of aggregate 19 mm
Concrete density (γ𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 ) 24 kN/m3
Note. Assume single layer of tension reinforcement
Solution:
a) Design a simply supported rectangular RC beam
Step 1. Estimate h, d, b and to self-weight of the beam
𝐿 5000 ℎ
Assume ℎ = 10 = = 500 𝑚𝑚; 𝑏 = 2 = 250 𝑚𝑚, 𝑑 = ℎ − 65 = 435 𝑚𝑚 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟)
10
Self-weight (wt.) of the beam, 𝑤𝑡. = 𝑏ℎ × γ𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 = 0.5 × 0.25 × 24 = 3 kN/m
Step 2. Compute total factored load and design moment
𝑤𝑢 = 1.4𝑤𝐷 + 1.7𝑤𝐿 = 1.4(10 + 3) + 1.7(6) = 28.4 kN/m
𝑤𝑢 𝐿2 28.4 × 52
⟹ 𝑀𝑢 = = = 88.75 kNm
8 8
Step 3. Compute 𝑅𝑛 and 𝜌 and 𝜌 > 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑀𝑢 88.75 × 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 2.085
∅𝑏𝑑 2 0.9 × 250 × 4352
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 4𝑅𝑛 0.85 × 28 4 × 2.085
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ′
]= [1 − √1 − ] = 0.0052
𝑓𝑦 1.7𝑓 𝑐 420 1.7 × 28
1.4 √𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 √28
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = Max [ , ] = Max [ , ] = Max[0.0033,0.0031] = 0.0033
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4 × 420
∴ 𝜌 > 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 (OK)
Step 4. Determine 𝐴𝑠 and select reinforcing bars
𝜋
𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0052 × 250 × 435 = 566 mm2 ; 𝐴𝑏 = 4 (162 ) = 201 mm2
𝐴 566
Number (𝑁) of bars of 16 mm size, 𝑁 = 𝐴 𝑠 = 201 = 2.8
𝑏
Use 3∅ 16 bars, 𝐴𝑠 = 3 × 201 = 603 mm2
Step 5. Design checks
I. The adequacy of the beam’s width.
𝑏min = 𝑛𝑑𝑏 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑆𝑏 + 6𝑑𝑠 − 𝑑𝑏 + 2Clear Cover
𝑆𝑏 = 𝐿𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 (25, 𝑑𝑏 , 1.33 × 𝐴𝑔𝑔. 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒) = 𝐿𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 (25, 16, 1.33 × 19) = 25.3 mm
∴ 𝑏min = 3 × 16 + 2 × 25.3 + 6 × 8 − 16 + 2 × 40 = 210.5 < 𝑏 = 250 mm (OK)
II. Effective depth
𝑑𝑏 16
𝑑𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 − 𝑑𝑠 − = 500 − 40 − 8 − = 444 mm
2 2
∴ 𝑑𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 > 𝑑𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 = 435 mm (OK)
III. Tension-control condition
𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 603 × 420 𝑎 42.6
𝑎= ′
= = 42.6 mm → 𝑐 = = = 50 mm
0.85𝑓𝑐 𝑏 0.85 × 28 × 250 𝛽1 0.85
𝑑−𝑐 444 − 50
𝜀𝑠 = 0.003 × [ ] = 0.003 × [ ] = 0.024
𝑐 50
𝜀𝑠 > 0.005 (OK section is tension − control)
IV. Design moment capacity
𝑎 42.6
∅𝑀𝑛 = ∅𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − ) = 0.9 × 603 × 420 (444 − ) × 10−6 = 96.3 kNm
2 2
∴ ∅𝑀𝑛 > Mu = 88.75 kNm (OK)
b) Sketch the final designed cross-section of the beam
∅8 stirrups
500 mm 3∅16 mm bars
250 mm
Final design of the beams’ section
