Computer Networks
Salha Bujazia 2192 | Introduction to Information System | PBL 2
Define Computer Network, Describe Network
Topologies, and Network Types
Computer Network
• A computer network consists of communications media, devices, and software connecting two or more computer systems or
devices.
• The computers use common communication protocols over digital interconnections to communicate with each other.
Network Topologies
• Network topology is the shape or structure of a network, including the arrangement of the communication links and hardware
devices on the network.
• The transmission rates, distances between devices, signal types, and physical interconnection may differ between networks,
but they may all have the same topology.
Network Types
• A network can be classified as personal area, local area, metropolitan, or wide area network depending on the physical
distance between the nodes on the network and the communications and services it provides.
Network Topologies
1 Star Topology
2 Bus Topology
3 Mesh Network
Network Types
1 Personal Area Network (PAN)
2 Local Area Network (LAN)
3 Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
3 Wide Area Network (WAN)
Identify Different Types of
Communication Media
Transmission media can be divided into
two broad categories:
• Guided (also called wired) transmission
media, in which communications
signals are guided along a solid
medium
• Wireless, in which the communications
signal is broadcast over airwaves as a
form of electromagnetic radiation.
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Guided Transmission Media
Types
Wireless Transmission Media Types
Wireless
Technologies
Near field
communication
(NFC)
Bluetooth
WI-FI
Microwave
5G
Transmission
Define The Internet and
Web Technologies
The Internet is the infrastructure on which the Web exists.
The Internet is made up of computers, network hardware such as
routers and fibre-optic cables, software, and the TCP/IP protocols.
The Web is a hyperlink-based system that uses the client/server
model. It organizes Internet resources throughout the world into a
series of linked files, called pages, which are accessed and viewed
using Web client software called a Web browser.
Explain how to Access the Internet
Connecting via a LAN Server:
• This approach is used by businesses and organizations that manage a local area network (LAN). By connecting a server on
the LAN to the Internet using a router, all users on the LAN are provided access to the Internet. Business LAN servers are
typically connected to the Internet at very fast data rates, sometimes in the hundreds of Mbps.
Connecting via Internet Service Providers:
• Companies and residences unable to connect directly to the Internet through a LAN server must access the Internet through
an Internet service provider (ISP).
• ISP is any organization that provides Internet access to people. To connect to the Internet through an ISP, you must have an
account with the service provider along with software and devices that support a connection via TCP/IP.
Wireless Connection:
• In addition to connecting to the Internet through wired systems such as phone lines and fibre optic cables, wireless Internet
service over cellular and Wi-Fi networks has become common. Thousands of public Wi-Fi services are available in coffee
shops, airports, hotels, and elsewhere, where Internet access is provided free for a small subscription fee.
Discuss Different Web Applications
in the WEB 2.0
Blogging,
Job Information Microblogging, and
Podcasts
Search Engines and Conferencing
News
Web Research
Education
and Instant Messaging Shopping Online
Training
Define Intranet, Extranet,
and Cloud Computing
Intranet: An intranet is an internal corporate network built using Internet and World
Wide Web standards and products.
Extranet: An extranet is a network built using Web technologies that links selected
resources of the intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or other
business partners.
Cloud Computing: The delivery of computing services including servers, storage,
databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the Internet to
offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.
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Thank you!
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Reference
Principles of Information
Systems 13th Edition by
George Reynolds &
Ralph Stair
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