CE2420/CE2400: Fluid Mechanics
Assignment no.4
September 30, 2024
Instructions:
• Deadline for online submission is 21st October 11:59 PM
• Present your answers clearly and in detail, writing all the involved steps and assumptions.
• Total marks: 100
Questions:
1. Consider a steady, two- dimensional, incompressible flow in which the velocity field is known: u =
→2xy, w = y 2 → x2 . (a) Does this flow satisfy the conservation of mass? (b) Find the pressure field
p(x, y).
2. For the velocity field given in question.1, determine the angular rotation of a fluid element located at
x = 0.5 m, y = 1.0 m. The velocity is in m s−1 when x and y are in meters.
~3. Adatum.
point A on the free surface of a free vortex is at a radius rA = 200 mm and a height zA = 125 mm above
If the free surface at a distance from the axis of the vortex, which is sufficient for its effect to be
negligible, is 180 mm above datum, what will be the height above datum of a point B on the free surface
at a radius of 100 mm?
4. A hollow cylinder of 1 m diameter, open at the top, spins about its axis which is vertical, thus producing
-
a forced vortex motion of the liquid contained in it. Calculate the height of the vessel so that the liquid
just reaches the top when the minimum depth is 15 cm at 150 rev min−1 .
~
5. A closed cylinder of diameter 200 mm and height 150 mm is completely filled with water. Calculate the
total pressure force exerted by water on top and bottom of the cylinder, if it is rotated about its vertical
axis at 200 r.p.m.
~
6. In a free cylindrical vortex flow, at a point in the fluid at a radius of 200 mm and at a height of 100 mm,
−1 −2
the velocity and pressures are 10 m s and 117.72 kN m absolute. Find the pressure at a radius of 400
mm and at a height of 200 mm. The fluid is air having a density equal to 1.24 kg m−3 .
7. A three-dimensional velocity field is given by
u(x, y, z) = cx + 2w0 y + u0
v(x, y, z) = cy + v0
w(x, y, z) = –2cz + w0
where c, w0 , u0 , and v0 are constants. Find the components of (a) rotational velocity, (b) vorticity and
(c) the strain rates for the above flow field.
~
8. The velocity components for a fluid flow are: u = a + by → cz, v = d → bx → ez, w = f + cx → ey
where a, b, c, d, e and f are arbitrary constants. (a) Show that it is a possible case of fluid flow, (b) Is
the fluid flow irrotational? If not, determine the vorticity and rotation.
9. For a three-dimensional flow field given by
V = (y 2 + z 2 )î + (x2 + z 2 )ĵ + (x2 + y 2 )k̂
find the (a) components of acceleration and (b) components of rotation at (1,2,3).
1
CE2420/CE2400 Fluid Mechanics
~ 3 2 →
→ 2 2
10. A two-dimensional pressure field p = 4x → 2y is associated with a velocity field by V = (x → y +
x)î → (2xy + y)ĵ. Determine the rate of change of pressure at a point (2,1).
2
so : -a) # Conservation of Ms
++
Su
0 + 0 +0
y +
=
= This doesn't
satisfy conse
of .
mass
b) * Pressure Field
From Navier-Stokes Ea",
70
utu) pu
(
-
- + :
is
How
steady ,
-.
o
*
J (n . u) = -
<
p + Mu
>[Ezy)4 (52x)
=
+ ·
(G-
sol : Guin
# 18m
ra = 0 21 .
= 0 .
Za = 0 125m
.
B = 0 .
1m
*
For Vorte Motion
=
= +
& = 0
=>
(a (+ = mc
>
-
lvr : mc
& v =
r
*
energy E
+
sub V =
4r
-
- r(H-z)
At point -
= 0 .
2 (0 . 18-0 .
12
= 2 . 2x10-3 m3
of point B
,
=
H-
= 0 .
18-10-0 . 0 km
40mm below the datum live
ze
=
sol ! -Giver
h = 0 15 m
150 x2
.
15 7
W = = .
rad/s
60
V = 0 .
5m
*
Highto the verse
~ min 0 5 15 7
x 7
85m/s
. .
= .
=
7 . Em/s
15
Vmax = 1 x 15 .
=
From Bernoulli's ,
CV-Viniu) g(hmax-hmin)
↓
=
Wmax Wmis
1 (Vmax-Venies
=> =
+
(15 7 -7 852) Im
Wma 1
:
0 15 +
.
.
= .
Im
* Wmax =
sol - Given
25
0 Im W = 200 X
r = .
To
U = 0 15m
rad/s
.
= 20 .
93
* Pressure Force
Z =
on Top
#T =
I
F+ 103x 932 14x0 14
:
20 3
34 4N
. .
.
= .
* Pressures
Force on bottom
z
FB xR F
IgH
= +
+
= 10x9 .
81x0 15x3 14 x0
.
. .
E+ 34 4 .
80 6N
FB
=
.
sol : -Given
r 0 Mun
r, 0 2m =
.
= .
0 zu
N
.
= 0 . Im We =
.
U
, = 10m/s
S = 1 . 24
kg/m3
P
, = 117 .
72 x103 N/m >
*
WOf
V2
= =
102s
*
Bernoulli's E
+
=>
lo
on
solving P2 = 117 765
.
N/m2
soI : a) * Rotational Velocity
Wa
- =
Wy
: .
Wz
=-=
sor a) From
ty Equ
+
b)
(-) = (e +
Wh
:
(b )
Wy = -) =
-
Wy = -) : (b)
Wx +
Wy
+
We = 0 +
b+ =
0
- Fluid is irrational
*
Vortiity
= DXv
= -I
1
2/2 aky 2127
U V w
&
d
:
Y J
You Clay 2157
artby-c8d-bx-cz f +
cy-ey
Vorticity =
-zcI-Lb
sol : -a) Aceteration
of
components
0
an p
U +We
=
, +
: (n z2)(2y)
+ + (x+ yz)(2z)
an = 2
((n +
zz)y + ( +
yz)z] =
70m/s2
( yz)z] 56m/s
Illy ay [(y2 z2x + +
= 2 +
=
z4)n 2+ z4y7 66m/s
az =
z((yz + + :
b) components of Rotation
sol : -
P = 4x3 =
Vn = (2) - 13 + 2) =
5m/s
p 1),
Vy (11) = -
(4 + 1) = -
5 m/s
= d =
1 (4x zy4-
at It
124d-by t
=
1242Vn-4y Vy
=
12x22 (5) -
4(1)( b) -
= 260
Thank you
