Structural Analysis and Design Program

STEEL
Bar Size No Dia (in) Area (in2) Dia (mm)
2 1
#2 =
8 4 0.05 7
3
#3 8 0.11 10
4 1
#4 =
8 2 0.20 13
5
#5 8
0.31 16
6 3
#6 =
8 4 0.44 19
7
#7 8 0.60 22
8
#8 8
=1 0.79 25
9
#9 8 1.00 29
10 5
#10 8
=
4
1.27 32
11
#11 8 1.56 36
14 7
#14 8
=
4 2.25 43
18 9
#18 8
=
4 4.00 57
 Structural Analysis and Design Program

𝐷𝑖𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑚 2

Weight of Specific Size Bar Per Unit Length (kg/m) =
162

For example
162
Weight of #5 (16 mm) Bar = = 1.5802 𝑘𝑔/𝑚
162
 Structural Analysis and Design Program
Ribbed/Deformed Bar
A deformed bar is a bar whose
surface is provided with ribs and lugs
which inhibit longitudinal movement
of the bar relative to the concrete
which surrounds the bar.

Plain Bar
A plain bar is a bar without any deformation or
surface irregularity over the surface and with
uniform area of cross section throughout the
length.
 Structural Analysis and Design Program

Industrially Manufactured Rebar Code

Ribbed Bar
Weldable
Ductility Class C
Yield Strength = 500 Mpa = 500 x 0.145 = 72.5 Ksi
Steel Stands for Reinforcement of Concrete
Dia = 32 mm
Manufacturer Sign

Class A – Low Ductility Steel TS/TY ≥ 1.05

Class B – Medium Ductility Steel TS/TY ≥ 1.08

Class C – High Ductility Steel TS/TY ≥ 1.15

Class D – Highest Ductility Steel TS/TY ≥ 1.25

 Structural Analysis and Design Program

Thermo-Mechanically Treated
TMT bar can withstand high temperatures for prolonged period without losing it’s
structural strength. TMT bar can survive temperatures between 400-600 degree
Celsius.

Yield Strength = 500 Mpa = 500 x 0.145 = 72.5 Ksi

Weldable

Dia = 12 mm
 Structural Analysis and Design Program
Increasing carbon
content increases
hardness and
strength and
improves
hardenability
 Structural Analysis and Design Program

Proportional Limit
The point in the stress strain graph up to which stress is directly proportional to strain.

Elastic Point
The elastic limit of steel is the point at which the steel will permanently deform when an external
load is applied.

Yield Point
The point at which the material transforms from elastic to plastic is known as the yield point.

Ultimate Tensile Strength

The maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking.

Fracture/Breaking Point
The fracture or breaking point of a material refers to the instant at which steel reaches its maximum
stress/strain resilience and suffers fracture or failure.
 Structural Analysis and Design Program

CONCRETE
Concrete Grades
The minimum compressive strength the concrete must posses after 28 days of
construction with proper quality control.
 Structural Analysis and Design Program

STAAD Pro
Find true or false
 You can not edit the floor load from the data area (False)
 You can not assign a prismatic cross section to steel beam(False)
 If you delete nodes, the beams and plates attached to them will be intact (False)
 You can also edit the parameters in structure wizard models (True)
 Dead loads are self weights of material, equipment, or components that are relatively constant throughout the structure’s life
(True)
 In concrete design parameter, by default, value for clear cover top is
A) 25 mm B) 12 mm C) 30 mm D) 20 mm
 Pinned support will have ____ reactions
A) 2 B) 6 C) 4 D) 3
 To add roller support you need to use
A) Fixed B) Fixed But C) Pinned D) None
 The _____ group allows you to change the display of load arrows
A) Modeling Scale B) Loading Scale C) Displacement D) Result Scales
 In floor load, Y is the
A) Effective height B) Floor height C) Building height D) All of the above
 By default, response reduction factor value for special RC Moment Resisting Frame is
A) 1 B) 3 C) 6 D) 5
 With the help of which of the following functions, you can duplicate nodes, beams, and plates, in the direction of X, Y, Z?
A) Circular Repeat B) Mirror C) Translational Repeat D) Insert Nodes
 In concentrated load, P is
A) Value of load B) Force direction C) Perpendicular distance from the member D) All of the above
 How many types of meshing we have in STAAD Pro?
 Structural Analysis and Design Program

 Model in STAAD Pro can not be created by

A) Grid B) DWG file C) Excel Input D) Space
 Click on button ________ to define plate thickness
A) Specification B) Load C) Property D) Support
 Staad Pro software is related with
A) Mathematical B) Analysis &Design C) CAD Drawing modelling
 Staad Pro software used the technique
A) Approximate methods B) Finite Element C) Finite Strip D)Folded Plate
 Finite Element Analysis is a
A) Exact method B) Numerical Method C) Approximate Method
 Staad Pro import the Auto CAD file of type
A) DXF B) dwg C) bmp
 Staad Pro software not related with
A) Foundation B) Statistical C) Bridge Deck D) Steel Design Analysis
 STAAD Pro analysis is
A) taking into consideration the displacement of nodes B) taking into consideration the stiffness correction
C) multi iteration analysis D) none of the above
 STAAD Pro
A) has the facility to declare truss members B) in space model can’t differentiate between truss and beams
members
D) all of the above
 Structural Analysis and Design Program

 The new generation of STAAD is

A) STAAD-III for windows B) STAAD-III for dos C) STAAD Pro for dos D) STAAD Pro V8i
 What is structure wizard?
A) Allows user to import DWG files B) A library of predefined structural shapes C) Brings excel sheet to STAAD Pro
B) All of the above
 How many types of Models are available in the structure wizard?
 How many types of meshing we have in STAAD Pro? 5
 Which method will create the structure data?
A) Using the STAAD Pro Physical Modeler interface
B) using the command file
C) All of these
D) using the traditional STAAD Pro analytical modeling interface
 In how many ways can we assign support to Nodes?
A) 5
B) 2
C) 4
D) 1
 Which of the following sub-pages are in Foundation Plan Pages?
A) Radial Grid Setup
B) Linear Grid Setting
C) Column Positioning
D) Column Dimension and width
 Structural Analysis and Design Program
 Which structure type is a 3D framed structure with loads applied in any plane
A) TRUSS
B) PLANE
C) FLOOR
D) SPACE
 Pick the structure type which a 2D or 3D structure having no horizontal (global X or Z) movement of the structure [FX,
FZ, and MY are restrained at every joint]
A) TRUSS
B) PLANE
C) FLOOR
D) SPACE
 During the curve beam in Staad Pro, is possible by
A) Radius and Skew Angle
B) Radius and Gamma Angle
C) Diameter and Skew Angle
D) Diameter and Gamma Angle
 Beta Angle is present under?
A) Support
B) Property
C) Geometry
D) Node
 Structural Analysis and Design Program
 For Plates, Which one of the following is true?
A) You can release the Nodes of the Plates.
B) Options A & C.
C) You can release more than one Nodes of the Plates.
D) In order to release a plate you can release the Beams holding the plate
 Which of the following sub-pages are in Foundation Plan Pages?
A) Column Dimension and width
B) Linear Grid Setting
C) Column Positioning
D) Radial Grid Setup
 In the mirror function which of the following statements is true?
A) I can mirror around any of the three main planes
B) I can define a user defined plane to mirror around it
C) I can only mirror around X-Z plane
D) There is only copy mode in mirror