Science6 q2 Mod1 Lesson6-7 Human-Body-System v1
Science6 q2 Mod1 Lesson6-7 Human-Body-System v1
Science
Quarter 2 – Module 1: (Part 4)
Human Body System
Science – Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Human Body System (Part 4)
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
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wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
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Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was created for the learners to deepen their understanding of the
different human body system and its importance.
What makes you move, stand, play, and perform activities? What part of your
body helps you breathe? How do you protect yourself from varied conditioned around
you? All these questions will be answered as you go along this module.
Performance Standard
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What I Know
Read each sentence carefully. Circle the letter of the correct answer.
3. It is the tiny hair in the nasal cavity that filters the dust and other solid particles
in the air.
a. alveoli b. cilia c. mucus
Before you proceed to this lesson, let us find out how far you will know about
the nervous system.
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Lesson
6 Respiratory System
Try to observe how you breathe. Try to breathe in and out naturally.
Which parts of your body do you feel responsible for being able to breathe?
Why do you think we must breathe?
We can survive without food but we may die without oxygen even in a
minute.
What’s In
Let us recall if you still remember our lesson about the excretory system.
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b. carbon dioxide and water
c. oxygen and water
What’s New
We need air to live and the air that gives us life is called oxygen.
How does oxygen get into our body? And how does carbon dioxide, the waste
produce by our body get off?
Let’s have some fun…..
Observe what will happen as you do this exercise…
1. Inhale as long as you can hold your breath then exhale slowly. Do it 3x
Question:
1. What happened to your ribs when you inhaled?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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4. What happened when you hold your breath?
___________________________________________________________________________
What is It
Nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
trachea
lungs bronchioles
bronchi
alveoli
diaphragm
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The air enters to your nose through your nostrils which is the opening into
the nasal passage that is lined with hair that filters the dust and other particles in
the air. Nostrils lead to a nasal cavity where the air gets moistened and warmed. It
is lined with glands and produced sticky mucus which has a tiny hair-like
structure known as cilia.
Pharynx is also known as throat, is the passageway of food, water, and air
and, below the epiglottis is the larynx or voice box that contains two vocal chords.
It is also the main site for sound production. The epiglottis closes the larynx to
prevent food to get into windpipe or trachea
Bronchi has two tubes that carry air into the lungs. Bronchial tubes
branches into small tubes called bronchioles attached with alveoli. Alveoli are
graped-like structures at the end of bronchioles. The bronchioles and alveoli
increase the surface of the lungs for a great exchange of gases to gain more oxygen.
Lungs located in the chest cavity and surrounded by the ribcage. It is also
the main organ of the respiratory system where the exchange of gases occurs. This
is the time where oxygen is taking in while carbon dioxide expelled out. Each lung
is covered with a pleural membrane that produces sticky fluid that allows them to
glide freely during breathing.
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What’s More
After learning the different parts of respiratory system and the function of each
organ, it is wise to keep the respiratory system healthy. How?
Give at least 5 do’s and don’ts to protect our respiratory system. Write your
answers inside the box
don‘ts
do’s
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What I Have Learned
nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
lungs
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Trachea or windpipe it
filters the air we inhaled
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What I Can Do
Procedure:
2. Observe the rising and falling of your chest and shoulder as you breathe
normally.
4. Pinch your nose and close your mouth. Hold your breath as long as you
can. Record the time
5. Jog at your place for 5 minutes then record your breathing rate after
doing it ( number of breath per minute)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Why do you think it is hard for you to breathe after doing the exercise?
__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Based on the activity, describe the breathing process that took place.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Assessment
Label the parts of the lungs with correct words inside the box.
1.
2.
3.
5.
4.
6.
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Larynx nasal cavity
Lung bronchus
Diaphragm trachea
B. Complete the sentences below. Choose your answer on the given words
inside the brackets.
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When you breathe your ______________________ moves downward and the rib
muscles pull the ribs upward and downward. The chest cavity makes bigger
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and it pulls the air through the _________________ into your __________________.
When you exhale your diaphragm moves upward then the chest wall muscles will
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relax, and it makes the chest cavity smaller and it push the air out of _______________
Nose
Lungs
Diaphragm
Respiratory System
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Additional Activities
Create a short jingle showing how organs of the respiratory system work
together.
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Lesson
7 Nervous System
Any changes inside or outside your body that brings about a response have
a connection to a nervous system. All the tasks and processes that your body
performs are controlled and coordinated by the nervous system.
Nervous system is a system wherein the messages from nerves are received
by the brain to coordinate all your actions and reactions. It plays an important role
in our life because it manages the activities doing by our bodies. The nervous
system also controls the thoughts, action, and vital signs as heartbeat and blood
flow thus, without this system we can’t live.
What’s In
Read the following sentences. Circle the letter of the correct answer
3. What organ in the nervous system controls bodily activities like breathing,
walking etc.
a. brain b. neurons c. spinal cord
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b. spinal cord, brain, cells
c. brain, spinal cord, nerve cells
8-10. The _____ send and receives messages through the ______. While the ________
receives and sends messages through the ______.
What’s New
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1. What are the different body movements shown in the illustrations?
2. How do you think they can do the following movements?
3. What do you think is their purpose in doing such activities?
4. Is it the nervous system that helped them do the different kinds of activities?
You will know the answer to these questions as you study these lessons.
What is It
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brain
Spinal cord
nerves
The brain is the master organ of the nervous system and control center of the body.
It is where the messages are sent and processed. The brain has major parts which are the
cerebrum the largest part of the brain and receives sensory messages. It is also divided into 2
hemispheres, the right hemisphere which controls the left side of the body; the left
hemisphere which controls the right side of the body. Cerebellum the 2nd largest part of the
brain and it coordinates voluntary muscular action like sports. It also maintains balance in
the body. Brain stem the center for the involuntary functions like breathing, alertness, and
eye movement. It is also associated with blood pressure and heart rate. The lower part of the
brain stem is called the medulla oblongata. Hypothalamus which controls deep-seated
emotions also regulates body temperature that is why it is also referred to as temperature
regulator.
cerebrum
hypothalamus
cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
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Nerves basic units of the nervous system and also known as nerve cells or
neurons. The transmitters of messages from different parts of the body to the brain
and vice versa is the nerve cells.
Nerves to rest of
Nerve cells or neuron is the basic unit of the nervous system which is long
and thin cells. Neurons are also responsible for producing and transferring electrical
signals or nerve impulse all over the body. The body is made up of different neurons:
The sensory neuron that is responsible for perceiving different sensations and
motor neurons tells about the different movements of the body. The neurons have
different parts: a cell body (central part of the neuron) which contains the nucleus
and nerve fibers (threadlike extension) an axon is composed of one nerve fiber and it
is responsible for carrying messages from a nerve cell to receptor. Dendrites are a
small nerve fiber that brings messages towards the cell body. The main responsibility
of dendrites is to give information that collected from other nerve cells.
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dendrites
Cell body Axon terminal
nucleus
axon
Spinal cord
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You already know the different parts of the nervous system and how
important it is to our body. This chart will show you some healthful habits on how
to take care of the nervous system
Do’s
Don’ts
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Always remember that we need to be physically and mentally healthy to
avoid accidents. It also contributes to having a healthy nervous system
What’s More
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What I Have Learned
The nervous system acts as the center of messages because it integrates and
coordinates all body activities. Recalling is one of the functions of the nervous system
• Brain is the master organ of the nervous system and has 4 major parts
a. cerebrum – the largest part of the brain and center of emotion. It also divided
into two hemispheres the right which controls the left side of the body and left
hemisphere which controls the right side of the body.
b. cerebellum – the second largest part of the brain and maintains the balance
of the body.
c. brain stem – elongated part at the base of the brain. The lower part of the
brain stem is called the medulla oblongata which also associated with blood
pressure and heart rate.
d. hypothalamus – located beside the brain stem and also known as
“temperature regulator of the body” because regulates the body temperature.
• The nervous system, just like other body systems it needs to be taken
care of like:
a. Avoid smoking and drinking
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What I Can Do
Procedure:
2. Next, squeeze the fist of your other hand over and over while you are still tapping
3. While you are tapping and squeezing, add this… shaking your head back and forth
4. Can you all three, if you can add the last task… tapping a foot
Question:
What have you noticed when you are doing the activity? ______________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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Assessment
Identify the following. Pick out the correct answer inside the box and write
your answer on the blank.
________ 1. Part of the brain which is the smallest
________ 2 It connects the brain to the nerves found in the different parts of the body
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Additional Activities
1. You are walking then suddenly a mad dog appeared. What would
you feel?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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Assessment:
Additional Activities: 1. nose
The answer is based 2. larynx
on children 3. trachea What’s more:
4. bronchus The answer is
based on children
5. lung
6. diaphragm
7. diaphragm
8. nose
9. Lungs
10. respiratory
What I Know:
What I Can Do:
1. c
The answer is based What’s In:
on children 2. a
1. a
2. a 3. b
3. b
4. b 4. c
5. c
5. a
1. a brain
b. Spinal cord
c. nerves
2. The answer is
based on
children
3. Based on the
answer of
children
Answer Key
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Assessment: What’s more:
1. medulla 1. do
oblongata
2. do
2. spinal cord
Additional Activities: 3. do
3. cerebrum
The answer is based 4. donts
on children 4. hypothalamus
5. donts
5. brain
6. do
6. brain stem
7. cerebellum
8. left hemisphere
9. nervous system
What’s In:
1. c
2. b
What I Can Do:
3. b
The answer is based 4. a
on children 5. c
6. c
7. a
8.c
9.c
10.c
Answer Key
References
Real-Life Science 6 Kto12 Book 2016 by ABIVA Authors : Jovita H. San Pablo
and Rosalinda M. Cupcupin (Coordinator) Copyright 2016
The New Science Links 6 by Rex Bookstore Incorporated Author :Evelyn Castante-
Padpad, Nenita A. Apolinario (Coordinator) and Gil Nonato C. Santos,PhP.
(consultant) Philippine Copyright 2017
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