SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK

MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025

BASIC CONCEPTS IN SW Social Work Helping Process

- Is not just a cognitive process since it
I. SOCIAL WORK involves a relationship between 2 parties
II. NEEDS (C – W system). Professional values and
III. PROBLEMS ethical principles guide this relationship
IV. ISSUES particularly in relation to the handling of
V. PROVISION feelings, attitudes that inevitably enter the
VI. PROGRAMS/SERVICES picture.
VII. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
VIII. HUMAN RIGHTS Steps in Social Work Helping Process
IX. CLIENTS 1. Assessment
X. SOCIAL WELFARE 2. Planning
XI. SCOCIAL AGENCY 3. Intervention
4. Implementation
▪ What is Social Work, Social Welfare, and 5. Evaluation
Social Services 6. Termination

▪ Concepts of Needs (how it relates to poverty) Social Welfare - An organized system of social
services and institutions, designed to aid individuals
▪ What is problem and social Problem and groups to attain satisfying standards of life and
health, and personal and social relationship which
▪ permit them to develop their full capacities and to
promote their well-being. (FRIEDLANDER)
Social Work, Welfare, and Services
“An organized concern of all people for all people”
Social Work - A profession which is concerned with (Gertrude Wilson)
man’s adjustment in his environment; a person in
relation to a person’s social situation. Social Services - Refers to the programs, services
- seeks to enhance the social functioning of and other activities provided under various auspices
individuals, singly, and in groups, by (support from an org), to concretely answer the needs
activities focused upon their social and problems of the members of the society.
relationship which constitute the interaction
between man and his environment. Need (in Connection to Poverty)

These activities can be grouped in three functions: Need & Poverty

1. restoration of impaired capacity
2. provision of individual and social resources What is need?
3. prevention of social dysfunction - The kinds of problem which people
experience;
The functions of Social Work - Requirements for some particular kind of
1. REHABILITATIVE FUNCTION - tries to put response;
back the person to a normal of healthy sate - A relationship between problems and the
of social functioning. Curative aspect –seeks responses available. A need is a claim for
to remove factors which have caused the service.
breakdown in the person’s social function.
2. PREVENTIVE FUNCTION – early discovery, 4 Categories of need (Bradshaw)
control and elimination of those conditions or
situations which may have harmful effect on 1. Normative needs - is need which is
social functioning. Identified according to a norm (or set
3. DEVELOPMENTAL FUNCTION - both to standard)
help the individual make maximum use of his such norms are generally set by experts.
own potentials and capacities as well as to Examples: benefit levels, standards of unfitness in
further the effectiveness of available social or houses, potable water.
community resources.
2. Comparative need – problems which
emerge by comparison with others who are
not in need.
-
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025

- Use comparison of social problems in SOCIAL SERVICES - Refers to the

different areas in order to determine which programs, services and other activities provided
areas are most deprived. under various auspices, to concretely answer the
needs and problems of the members
3. Felt Need – is need which people feel of the society.
- A need from the perspective of the people
who have it. Personal Social Services – service function which
has bearing on personal problems, individual,
4. Expressed Need – is the need which they situation of stress, interpersonal helping or helping
say they have. people in need. Examples are programs for
- People can feel need which they do not counseling, therapy and rehabilitation; programs for
express and they can express needs they do providing access, information and advice; institutional
not feel. services; child protection services; programs for the
treatment of deviants
What is Poverty?
• Material conditions – needing goods and Public Assistance – refers to concrete aids/materials
services, multiple deprivation, or a low supports provided usually by Government agency.
standard of living;

• Economic position – low income, limited VI. PROGRAMS/SERVICES

resources, inequality or low social class; and
Program - is a plan of action that is developed in
• Social position – of the poor, through lack response to a community need, problem or issue.
of entitlement, dependency or social Ideally, it takes into account the assets in the
exclusion. community, building on the strengths of its people,
institutions, organizations, informal groups and
associations to effect positive change in clients,
IV . Problem and Issues communities and or organizations, depending on the
target.
Problem
✓ It is connected with the word solution. VII. Social Responsibility
✓ A problem is something negative that needs
to be solved. Social responsibility - is an ethical concept in which
✓ Is something bad you have to deal with. A person works and cooperates with other people and
✓ Problems belong to people, so you can say organizations for the benefit of the community.
something is “my problem”, “your problem” - The practice of producing goods and
✓ MICRO services in a way that is not harmful to
society or the environment.
Trouble
✓ It is less connected to solutions. VIII. HUMAN RIGHTS
✓ It’s more connected to negative feelings that
you get when bad things happen. • Human rights are fundamental principles that
✓ You can be in trouble and get in trouble recognize and protect the inherent dignity of
✓ I’ve had similar trouble with this car before. every individual. They guide how people
should coexist in society and interact with the
Issue State, outlining the obligations the State has
✓ It is associated with difficult decisions and towards its citizens.
disagreements
✓ It is also can mean a topic that people are • Human rights laws require governments to
talking about or disagreeing on. take certain actions while prohibiting others.
✓ This issues keeps coming up again and At the same time, individuals must also
again respect the rights of others when exercising
✓ MACRO their own. No government, organization, or
person has the authority to violate another’s
V. Provision rights.

Provision – noun (supply) the act of providing

something
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
• We are entitled to the right to life, freedom, 2. Personal Social Services - service function
security, and property. Furthermore, we have in which has bearing on personal problems,
the right to a justice system that is individual situation of
stress, interpersonal helping or helping people in
transparent, credible, competent, and need.
impartial, free from any corruption or undue
influence, where wrongs are addressed, and 3. Public Assistance - refers to concrete
justice is delivered fairly, promptly, and aids/materials supports provided usually by
equitably (PHILCONS). Government agency

Principles of human rights and social justice are SOCIAL AGENCY

fundamental to social work. The primary mission of all
social workers is to enhance the well-being and to Social Agency - means an agency or organization that
help meet the basic human needs of all people, with provides services designed to enhance the physical
specific consideration to the empowerment of people and/or mental well - being of an individual; whose
who are vulnerable, disadvantaged and impoverished. services are treatment or preventative in orientation,
and recreation/ leisure are a tool used in treatment,
IX. CLIENTS E.G DSWD

Client - Client systems in social work are the groups

of people (clients) served by a social worker. This Locus Of Practice: Indirect and Direct Practice
may encompass a number of prisoners, a group of
mentally ill people, or any other set of people in need What is Locus of Practice?
of help. - According to Prezi (2023) Locus of Practice
- A person who receives services describes the level at which a Social Worker
- Someone who is in need of help means a intervenes ranging from individual clients
client. (Micro) to entire communities (Macro). This
concept helps Social Workers choose the
X. SOCIAL WELFARE right approach and methods, like counseling
for individuals or policy advocacy for societal
Social Welfare issues.
- An organized system of social services and
institutions, designed to aid individuals and Social work, as a profession, is deeply rooted in the
groups to attain satisfying standards of life principle of empowering individuals, families, and
and health, and personal and social communities to achieve well-being and overcome
relationship which permit them to develop challenges. This mission is accomplished through a
their full capacities and to promote their well- diverse range of interventions, which can be broadly
being. (FRIEDLANDER categorized into two distinct loci of practice: direct and
- An organized concern of all people for all indirect practice.
people” (Gertrude Wilson)
Locus of Control – refers to a person's perception of
Two views or Conceptions of Social Welfare control or responsibility for his own life and actions.
1. Residual Formulations – conceives of the
social welfare structure as temporary, offered Types of Locus of Control:
during emergency situation and with drawn • Internal – higher developmental levels
when the regular social system
• External – lower develop mental levels
2. Institutional Formulations – sees social
welfare as proper, legitimate function of
modern society. II.Definition of Direct and Indirect Practice

Three Categories of Social Welfare Program Direct Practice - Direct social work practice involves
professional intervention intended to bring personal or
1. Social Security – compulsory measures interpersonal changes at the micro level.
instituted to protect the individual and his - Includes various range of practice modalities
family against the consequences of an that consists of common features:
unavoidable interruption. • Identified client system
• Interactions with the identified client system
• Assessment and intervention
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
V. ROLES AND SKILLS OF SOCIAL WORK IN
Indirect Practice - Indirect social work practice INDIRECT AND DIRECT PRACTICES
focuses on systematic changes in an organization,
community, or a larger social system. Direct Practices
Resource Provider
- Social work practice at this level involves • Knowledge of Community Resources
participation and consultation with • Assessment and Referral Skills
volunteers, client/consumer groups, or other • Communication and Collaboration
professionals, lastly the collaboration with
individuals and groups such as committees, Social Broker
boards, task forces, community groups, and • Resource Expertise
inter-agency networks or coalitions are also • Negotiation and Problem-Solving
included. • Ethical Considerations
Examples: Resource development, Policy formulation,
and Program planning and implementation Mediator
III. LEGAL BASIS • Communication and Active Listening
• Neutrality and Impartiality
✓ Direct practice that specializes on providing
• Empathy and Emotional Intelligence
personal and interpersonal interventions for
clients can be driven from the Republic Act
Advocator
No. 11036.
• build relationships with stakeholders
An act establishing national mental health policy. • knowledge of legal and policy frameworks
• strong communication skills
✓ Indirect practice specialized on macro level
of practice can be fallen under Republic Act. Enabler
No. 9418. • Empowerment and Self-Determination
• Active listening
An act institutionalizing strategies for rural • Build rapport
development and strengthening volunteerism.
Counselor/Therapist
IV. FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL WORK INDIRECT AND • Therapeutic Skills
DIRECT PRACTICES • Confidentiality
• Self-Care and Professional Development
Direct Practices
• Gather informations about the client's Indirect Practice
situation, needs, and goals. Program Evaluator
• Provide individual or group therapy to • Project management skills
address emotional, behavioral, or social • Data analysis skills
challenges. • Knowledge of program design and
• Coordinate services and resources to meet evaluation methods
the client's needs. • Work collaboratively with diverse
• Represent the client's interests and
advocating for their rights. Policy Advocate
• Provide information and skills training to • Research skills
empower clients. • Critical thinking
• Knowledge of policy processes
Indirect Practice • Mobilize communities
• Advocating for legislation and policies that
address social problems. Community Organizer
• Empowering communities to address their • strong communication skills
own needs and advocate for change. • facilitation skills
• Managing and evaluating social programs to • Conflict resolution skills
ensure they are effective and efficient. • build trust and relationships
• Gathering data and analyzing social issues
to inform policy and practice. Administrator
• Leadership skills
• Financial management skills
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
• Knowledge of organizational structures Ex. Social Watch Philippines
• Supervise staff
• Social Welfare Administration - This
Researcher method focuses on the planning, organizing,
• Cognitive skills and managing social services.
• Critical Thinking and Analytical Skills Ex. Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)
• Research Methodology Skills
VI. TRENDS • Social Work Research - This method
involves conducting research to develop new
Focus on Community-Driven Development in Various knowledge, evaluate interventions, and
Social Practice Areas improve the effectiveness of social work
practices and policies.
o Disaster Response Ex. Research for Policy Advocacy at Save the
o Community Organizing Children Philippines
o Livelihood Program

Globalization NGO, GO, CSO, & CORPORATION

Primary and Secondary Settings
What is an NGO?
Social Work is performed and exercised in different - Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are
settings. independent, nonprofit entities established to
Social Work practiced in either in a primary or a pursue public, social, or political goals at
secondary setting national or global levels. Operating
independently from the government, they
Primary Settings address social issues and help communities,
- Primary settings are those agencies whose including through clubs and associations.
programs and services are direct purview of The term 'NGO' was first used in the 1945
social work. United Nations Charter, Article 71.

- These are environments where social work is Role of a social Worker in NGO
the main function. • delivering services
• communicating with clients and
Primary Methods - These are the fundamental or stakeholders
core methods that social workers use to work directly • communicating with clients and
with individuals, groups, or communities. stakeholders
• also serves as clients advocate
• Social Case Work - This method involves
working with individuals to help them cope Examples of Non-government Organization
with personal and social problems. - Philippine Red Cross
Ex. DSWD’s Crisis Intervention Unit (CIU) - IBON Foundation
- ANGOC
• Social Group Work - This method involves
working with groups to help individuals in a What is GO?
group setting. - A government organization is a public entity
Ex. TESDA’s Livelihood Skills Training Programs responsible for exercising authority and
power to regulate social, economic, and
• Community Organization - This focuses on political aspects within a country.
working with communities to address broad
social issues. Roles of a social Worker in GO
Ex. Kabalikat ng Pamilyang Pilipino (KPP) Program • Example: in NCIP: A social worker employed
by the National Commission on Indigenous
Secondary Methods - These methods supplement Peoples (NCIP) might contribute to shaping
and support primary methods, often focused on policies that protect the rights and welfare of
macro-level interventions. indigenous communities. They provide data
and feedback based on their field experience
• Social Action - Social Action: This is used to to help create more effective and inclusive
bring changes in social policies, practices, policies
and institutions.
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
• Republic Act No. 7160 (Local Government
Examples of Government Organization: Code of 1991) specifies the structure and
- DSWD powers of local government units
- DOH • Republic Act No. 6713 (Code of Conduct
- NICP and Ethical Standards) sets ethical
standards for public officials
What is CSO?
- is a broad term that encompasses all non- CSO
governmental, non-profit organizations that • Philippine Constitution - The 1987
operate independently from the government Philippine Constitution, specifically Article II,
and advocate for public causes. Section 23, encourages non-governmental,
- CSOs include a wide range of organizations community-based, or sectoral organizations
such as community groups, professional that promote the welfare of the nation.
associations, trade unions, faith-based
organizations, and non-governmental • Republic Act No. 8425 - The Social Reform
organizations (NGOs). and Poverty Alleviation Act institutionalizes
the participation of CSOs in anti-poverty
What is Corporate? programs and defines them as key players in
- A corporation is a profit-driven business addressing social inequalities.
legally registered to engage in commercial
activities, aiming to generate profit for • Republic Act No. 11232 (Revised
shareholders by offering goods or services. Corporation Code of the Philippines): This
While corporations focus on business goals, law allows CSOs to be incorporated as non-
social workers may be employed in profit organizations, enabling them to register
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) or with the Securities and Exchange
employee wellness programs. Commission (SEC).
Legal Basis
CORPORATE
NGO • Republic Act No. 11232 (Revised
Corporation Code of the Philippines): This
• Article 1, Section 23 of the 1987 Constitution law governs the formation, organization, and
encourages NGOs and community-based regulation of corporate entities in the
organizations to promote national welfare, while Philippines, including how they are
Article XIII, Sections 15 and 16 recognize their role in structured and the responsibilities of
decision-making across social, political, and economic corporate officers.
spheres.
• Republic Act No. 9184 (Government
GO Procurement Reform Act): Although primarily
• The Philippine Constitution 1987, which related to public procurement, this law
establishes the structure and powers of ensures corporate compliance with
government branches and agencies. procurement processes when dealing with
• Article VI defines the Legislative Branch, government contracts.
detailing the powers of the Senate and
House of Representatives (Sections 1-3) • Republic Act No. 9510 (Credit Information
• Article VII outlines the Executive Branch, System Act): This law regulates how
specifying the President's and Vice corporations manage their financial
President's roles and appointment powers information for transparency and
(Sections 1-2). accountability.
• Article VIII establishes the Judicial Branch, ROLES in Society
including the Supreme Court's authority and
the power of judicial review (Section 1 and NGO
5). • NGOs advocate for social change by
• Article IX creates independent constitutional influencing policies and raising awareness
commissions like the Commission on on issues like human rights, environmental
Elections (COMELEC), Commission on Audit protection, and social justice. They aim to
(COA), and Civil Service Commission (CSC) address problems such as poverty,
(Sections 1-3). healthcare, education, and environmental
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
protection, driven by a commitment to social, organizing, program development, and policymaking,
environmental, or humanitarian causes. addressing issues at the systems level, in contrast to
micro and mezzo approaches that focus on
GO individuals and small groups, respectively.
• The GO aims to maintain national order and • Policy Analyst
promoting public welfare. These roles and • Social Work Administrator
functions are divided among various • Advocacy Director
branches and agencies, each with specific • Legislative Aide
responsibilities. • Community Development Specialist

CSO Functions of a Social Work

Gawas Kalinga - is a prominent CSO in the Micro – Level Social Workers

Philippines dedicated to eradicating poverty by • Clinical Social Worker – provides therapy
empowering poor communities. and counseling services to individuals and
- Its mission is to build sustainable families
communities through housing projects, • School Social Worker - Works with
livelihood programs, education, and health students, parents, and teachers to address
initiatives for marginalized sectors. personal and social issues affecting learning.
• Substance abuse Counselor - Helps
CORPORATE individuals struggling with addiction through
counseling and support services.
Ayala Corporations - one of the largest conglomerates
• Mental Health Counselor - Provides
in the Philippines, is involved in various industries
therapeutic services to individuals dealing
such as real estate, banking, and telecommunications
with mental health disorders.
- The foundation focuses on education, youth
• Case Manager - Assists individuals in
development, sustainable livelihood, and
accessing social services, healthcare, and
disaster relief.
other support systems.
LEVELS OF SOCIAL WORK: Micro, Mezzo, and
Mezzo – Level Social Workers
Macro
• Community Organizer - Works with
Micro – Level Social Work - the individual level of communities to develop programs, initiatives,
social work involves smaller units, such as families or and services that address local issues.
relationships, and is considered the most intimate of • Group Therapist - Facilitates therapy
the three levels, typically focusing on very small sessions for small groups of individuals with
groups or one-on-one interactions with clients. similar challenges.
• Clinical Social Worker • Rehabilitation Coordinator - Works within
• School Social Worker hospitals or rehabilitation centers to support
patients’ transitions back into the community.
• Substance abuse Counselor
• Youth Services Coordinator - This role is
• Mental Health Counselor
specifically geared toward working with
• Case Manager
Indigenous communities to provide culturally
relevant services. Indigenous social workers
Mezzo – Level Social Work - The group level, or
may work in a variety of settings, including
mezzo approach, involves helping communities,
health, education, child protection, and
schools, teams, or organizations by using a 'mixed
justice, ensuring that Indigenous
method' that combines micro and macro skills, with a
perspectives are integrated into social
primary focus on problem-solving for groups, though
service practices.
individual services may also be provided.
• Indigenous Social Work - Manages
• Community Organizer
programs and activities for at-risk youth in
• Group Therapist schools or community centers.
• Rehabilitation Coordinator
• Youth Services Coordinator Macro – Level Social Workers
• Indigenous Social Work • Policy Analyst - Analyzes and develops
policies that address social issues such as
Macro – Level Social Work - The community or poverty, healthcare, and housing.
governmental level, known as macro social work,
involves roles such as advocacy, community
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
• Social Work Administrator - Manages Qualities
social service organizations and oversees 1. Acceptance - respecting the client whatever
their operations at a high level. the circumstances, which will lead the
• Advocacy Director - Leads advocacy efforts counselor to an understanding of the
for specific social issues or causes on behalf meaning and causes of his behavior.
of organizations or marginalized 2. Individualization - recognizing that each
communities. individual is unique and has his own reality;
• Legislative Aide - Works with lawmakers to the social worker needs to know the specifics
develop policies related to social welfare and in every client's situation.
justice. 3. Controlled emotional involvement - The
• Community Development Specialist - counselor is sensitive and responsive to the
Focuses on improving societal structures, client's feelings without being emotionally
such as housing, healthcare, and education, involved in order to maintain objectivity.
through large-scale community projects. 4. Self-determination - This is the client's
sense of empowerment in determining his
needs and how to address them. The
III. Legal Basis counselor does not decide or manipulate but
guides the client to look at the problem
• Republic Act No. 11036 (June 21, 2018) objectively, to understand the choices or
"Mental Health Act" alternatives open to him, their implications
- An Act establishing a national mental health and consequences.
policy for the purpose of enhancing the 5. Non-judgmental attitude - The counselor
delivery of integrated mental health services, should not have pre-conceived notions or
promoting and protecting the rights of premature judgments about the client nor
persons utilizing psychiatric, neurologic, and allow personal prejudices to affect the
psychosocial services, appropriating funds professional relationship.
therefor and for other purposes. 6. Confidentiality - protecting the client's
privacy; includes all information obtained
• Republic Act No. 1123 (February 20, 2019) from the client and other sources of
"Universal Health Care Act" information. However, it is important for the
- An Act instituting universal health care for all counselor to explain to the client that there
Filipinos, prescribing reform in the health are limits to confidentiality, e.g., information
care system, and appropriating funds on the client may have to be shared with
therefor. other professionals who are involved in the
case.
• Republic Act No. 8371 (October 29, 1997)
"The Indigenous People's Rights Act (IPRA)" Must have skills of Mezzo – Level Social Worker
- An act to recognize, protect and promote 1. Leadership - Inspiring and guiding groups or
rights of indigenous cultural communities, organizations toward common goals.
creating a National Commission on 2. Mediation and Conflict Resolution -
Indigenous People, establishing Helping groups resolve conflicts or
implementing mechanisms, appropriating disagreements, fostering cooperation.
funds therefor, and for other purposes. 3. Program Development and Management -
Designing, implementing, and managing
programs or initiatives to support community
• Republic Act No. 7610 (June 17, 1992)
needs.
- An act Providing Strong Deterrence and
4. Collaboration and Teamwork - Ability to
Special Protection of Children against Child
work effectively with different stakeholders
Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination, and
such as other professionals, community
for other purposes.
members, or organizational staff.
5. Cultural Competence - Understanding the
IV. Role and Skills of a Social Worker
diversity within communities and being able
to work effectively across different cultural
Role of a Micro – Level Social Worker
and social backgrounds.
Direct Practitioner - Social workers at this level work
Must have skills of Mezzo – Level Social Worker
directly with individuals, couples, and small groups to
1. Policy Analysis and Development -
address personal issues.
Understanding and interpreting social
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
policies and their impact on communities, from various ethnic, cultural, and gender
and contributing to policy creation or reform. backgrounds.
2. Advocacy - Championing the needs of ➢ Policy Advocacy - Aims to influence laws,
marginalized or underserved populations to regulations, and government actions to
influence legislation or public policies. create systemic change. Social workers
3. Research and Data Analysis - Conducting engage in policy advocacy by lobbying
research to understand social problems and legislators, participating in policy
using data to support systemic change. development, and providing testimony for
4. Public Speaking and Persuasion - marginalized groups. The goal is to create
Communicating ideas and advocating for policies that advance social justice and
social change through presentations, safeguard the rights of vulnerable
speeches, or media engagements. populations.
5. Strategic Planning and Organization -
Ability to plan, organize, and execute long-
term campaigns or initiatives to create Various Setting of Social Work
societal change.
V. Trends in Social Work Social Work is either Practiced in:
▪ Primary Setting
➢ Mental Health and Substance Abuse - ▪ Secondary Setting
Social workers work with clients who have
mental conditions and/or addictions. Often it School Setting - School is an important setting for
is an “and”– in schizophrenia and bipolar social work intervention. Most of the private and public
disorder, rates of substance abuse are well schools today employ school social workers to assist
above the norm. Trauma disordered the students to develop their personality. Social work
individuals also turn frequently to alcohol and intervention by applying groupwork and casework
other drugs of abuse. Social workers, with methods are very popular in this particular setting.
their knowledge of humans systems, can be The social workers in school setting basically deal
especially effective at addressing co- with the students who fail to accomplish the
occurring disorders. developmental tasks and cannot fulfil the social
➢ Community-Based Interventions - Refer to expectations of parents and teachers as a pupil due to
programs and initiatives that aim to improve various reasons.
the health and well-being of specific
population groups within a defined local The SCHOOL SOCIAL WORKER usually engages in
community. Social workers are focusing the following activities which focus on particular
more on creating community-led initiatives children:
that empower local residents to address • Provision of counseling services to selected
issues like homelessness, poverty, and children and/or parents in case where the
healthcare access. This involves partnering children manifest certain problems in school
with community members to create such as negativism, isolation, bullying other
sustainable change. children, etc.
➢ Collaboration with other Disciplines - As a
social worker, you frequently help people in • Meeting regularly or occasionally with groups
vulnerable populations and communities. of parents of schoolchildren to discuss/find
Many aspects of this work are complex and solution to their children’s/family’s problems
challenging, often requiring collaboration which affect the former’s performance in
from interdisciplinary teams. In social work, school.
interdisciplinary collaboration involves
gathering a team of specialists with multiple Hospital/Health Care Setting - is also an institutional
skills to provide solutions. setting of social work profession. In this setting,
➢ Cultural Competence and Diversity - welfare services are provided to patients and his
Social workers should have a knowledge family members.
base on their clients' cultures and be able to
demonstrate competence in the provision of Specific SOCIAL WORK Activities
services that are sensitive to clients' cultures In HOSPITAL SETTING Include the following:
and to differences among people and cultural • Eligibility/Social Case Studies (this is done
groups. during admission since there is a need to
➢ As societies become more diverse, social determine whether a patient should begiven
workers are expected to develop greater free or partly free medical treatment)
cultural competence to better serve clients
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
• Assisting the diagnosis by assessment of family members who have court cases, or
social and economic background of the have financial and other problems.
patients, counselling the patients, providing • Engaging in information and educational
moral support to the patients and family. programs to maximize employee and
• Individual counseling as well as group company services
treatment activities with his family and/or
together with other patients. Military Setting - Military social workers help
members of the armed forces reintegrate into
• Social worker can also provide group therapy civilian or professional life after a deployment,
to persons with mental illness, chronic illness injury, or personal crisis. These professionals
and their families. Social worker also also provide social service support to families of
educates the patients and their caregivers veterans and active-duty military personnel.
about the illness and treatments.
Welfare Institution Setting - Represents the public
Court Setting - COURT SOCIAL WORKER /social pursuit and extension of social values through specific
work practitioner :work in victim, children in conflict welfare programs that impose social values
with the law and family benches and give mediation, concerning people’s right to certain minimum standard
intermediary, guidance and case management of living
services for client and give expert support the court in
promoting best interest of the child.
Legal Basis
Social Workers in COURT SETTING, the following
are the expected roles of social workers under Republic Act No. 4373 - An Act to Regulate the
different benches: Practice of Social Work and the Operation of Social
• CASE MANAGER - social workers on Work Agencies in the Philippines and for Other
custody bench are expected to provide Purposes
detailed information about both parents and
children based on the assessment they Education
make through interviews conducted with the ➢ 1987 Philippine Constitution: Article XIV,
parents and the child / children, and if Sections 1-5 mandate the State to provide
necessary, through home and school visits. quality education and establish an
educational system.
• INTERMEDIARY - social workers in victim ➢ Republic Act No. 9155 (Governance of Basic
benches serve as intermediary agents Education Act of 2001): Provides for the
between the court, and children who are governance of the basic education system,
victims of a crime. Social workers attempt to including public and private schools.
make the court ‘child friendly’ to children who
come before the court of law as witnesses. Hospital
➢ 1987 Philippine Constitution: Article II,
Church Setting - It includes working for a church that Section 15, states that the State shall protect
hamper success and develop programs that help and promote the right to health.
move families forward. Certain groups focus on ➢ Republic Act No. 11223 (Universal Health
helping veterans or the elderly deal with Care Act): Strengthens the provision of
unemployment or mental health issues. Addressing health services to all Filipinos, including
the spiritual needs of a persons in crisis and relating hospital care.
personal faith to professional action.
Court
Industrial Setting ➢ 1987 Philippine Constitution: Article VIII
SOCIAL WELFARE IN THE FIELD OF MODERN establishes the judicial branch and grants the
INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS ARE GENERALLY Supreme Court the power to oversee all
CONCERNED WITH THE FOLLOWING: courts.
➢ Civil Code of the Philippines: Governs civil
• Counseling employees on work and/or non- law, including family, property, and
related problem obligations, and is the basis for many court
• Providing counseling and other forms of help cases.
to the families of employees, like family
planning motivation, interceding on behalf of Church
➢ The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines
declares: The separation of Church and
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
State shall be inviolable. (Article II, Section inputs were so expensive. Compounding this
6), and, No law shall be made respecting an is the low palay prices that could be
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the expected after harvesting, which keeps many
free exercise thereof. The free exercise and farmers in a perpetual state of struggle and
enjoyment of religious profession and often in serious debt.
worship, without discrimination or 3. CLIMATE CHANGE - Many Filipino farmers
preference, shall forever be allowed. No are unable to increase their productivity
religious test shall be required for the because the essential inputs were so
exercise of civil or political rights. (Article III, expensive. Compounding this is the low
Section 5) palay prices that could be expected after
harvesting, which keeps many farmers in a
Industrial perpetual state of struggle and often in
Republic Act No. 11904, July 28, 2022 - AN ACT serious debt.
PROVIDING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND
PROMOTION OF THE PHILIPPINE CREATIVE PROGRAMS AND SERVICES PROVIDED BY
INDUSTRIES, AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS SOME AGENCIES AND GOVERNMEN FOR
THEREFOR FARMERS
1. RICE FARMERS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
Military (RFFA) - The Department of Agriculture is
Commonwealth ACT No.1 - AN ACT TO PROVIDE continuously distributing an amount of 5000
FOR THE NATIONAL DEFENSE OF THE pesos of cash assistance to rice farmers that
PHILIPPINES, PENALIZING CERTAIN VIOLATIONS are under the RFFA or the Rice Farmers
THEREOF, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, Financial Assistance and the FSRF or the
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. Financial Support to Rice Farmers.
Smallholder rice farmers who are impacted
Welfare Institution by instances of a severe decline in palay
Republic ACT No. 5416, June 15, 1968 - AN ACT farmgate prices are intended to receive cash
PROVIDING FOR COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL subsidies under this program.
SERVICES FOR INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS IN
NEED OF ASSISTANCE, CREATING FOR THIS 2. CONVERGENCE ON LIVELIHOOD
PURPOSE A DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE. ASSISTANCE FOR AGRARIAN REFORM
BENEFECIARIES PROJECTS - The
SECTOR – BASED CLIENT POPULATION: Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR)
FARMERS, FISHERFOLKS, WOMEN, PEASANTS, signed a livelihood program partnership
LABORERS, OFW & MIGRANT WORKERS, agreement with the Department of Social
URBAN POOR Welfare and Development (DSWD) to
increase the household income of farmers by
FARMERS developing and improving their agri-business
▪ Farmers are those individuals whose primary enterprises. “Convergence on Livelihood
occupation is farming and plant growing or Assistance for Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries
animal production. Majority of them are Project” (CLAAP)
poor with low education, vulnerable to
physical and economic risks and financially 3. ROLL ON ROLL OFF TERMINAL SYSTEM
stressed with zero saving or worse, (RORO) - The RORO Terminal System, also
indebtedness. known as Roll-On Roll-Off, was first
introduced in the Philippines in 2003. In
PROBLEMS/ISSUES FACED order to facilitate direct trade and make it
FARMERS simpler for farmers to carry their goods, the
1. HIGH INPUT COST - Many Filipino farmers RORO initiative strategically connected ports
are unable to increase their productivity with main roadways. The RORO program
because the essential inputs were so was launched in 2003 with a total of 36
expensive. Compounding this is the low routes; by 2016.
palay prices that could be expected after
harvesting, which keeps many farmers in a FISHERFOLKS
perpetual state of struggle and often in
serious debt. FISHERFOLKS
2. LACK OF POST – HARVEST FACILITIES - ▪ Many Filipinos have relied on fishing as a
Many Filipino farmers are unable to increase major source of income for many years.
their productivity because the essential
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
▪ For Filipinos, fishing has significance from a dams, and reservoirs to replenish the
cultural, economic, social, and ecological country’s inland waters with both indigenous
perspective. They make major contributions and commercially available non-invasive fish
to the Philippines' stability in terms of species and freshwater aquatic resources in
income, employment, foreign exchange support to biodiversity conservation in order
earnings, and nutrition. The sea is a large to alleviate poverty and achieve food
food basket that contributes to the country's sufficiency.
overall food security and supports the
livelihood of about 2 million people. 3. DSDWD STRENGTHENS EFFORTS TO
SUPPORT LOCAL, FISHERFOLK,
PROBLEMS/ISSUES FACED BY FISHERFOLKS FARMERS - The DSWD is mandated to
develop a social protection system, which
1. MISUSE OF TECHNOLOGY includes an income support program for the
ADVANCMENT - Through time, technology fisherfolk whose livelihoods are negatively
has improved. More and more municipal affected during periods of closed seasons for
fishing boats became motorized. A lot of fishing as declared by the Bureau of
commercial fishing vessels became bigger Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), as
and more powerful. Fishing gears have well as during calamities and lean or typhoon
evolved from simple tools to highly months. The DSWD continues to innovate
sophisticated fishing gadgets that could ways to assist small-scale farmers and
sweep the bottom of the fishing grounds of fisherfolk, who serve as the backbone of the
almost everything, including the precious country’s economy, through its partnership
coral reefs. with different agencies.
2. POPULATION GROWTH - The Philippines'
population has increased dramatically, which
has led to a rise in the need for necessities. WOMEN
The demand for fish, both for food
consumption and other uses, has increased WOMEN
correspondingly. ▪ Before, only men had this privilege and
3. DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE women were confined to their own homes.
MANAGEMENT - Fish kills due to the But because of the law, they can now do so.
disposal of solid wastes by the local Women also now have access to education.
populace and discharges of chemical wastes We can now have the same rights as men
by some manufacturing plants is also a when it comes to education. Furthermore,
serious concern that puts the country’s decades ago, women were seen as less
fishery resource in danger. powerful and authoritarian than men, but
today, women are more protected than men,
PROGRAM AND SERVICES PROVIDED BY but today, women were seen as less
GOVERNMEN AGENCIES FOR FISHERMEN powerful and authoritarian than men, but
today, women are more protected than men
1. CASH AND FOOD SUBSIDY FOR in a variety of context as a result of laws
MARGINAL FARMERS AND FISHERFOLK securing women’s rights, welfare, and other
(CFSMFF) - The Cash and Food Subsidy for aspects of their lives.
Marginal Farmers and Fisherfolk or CFSMFF TYPICAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF
aims to provide secure and direct cash and SOCIAL WORKERS SPECIALIZING IN WOMAN’S
food assistance to eligible smallholder ADVOCACY
farmers and fisherfolk affected by the 1. CASE MANAGEMENT OR OTHER ROLES
pandemic through the Development Bank of WITHIN COMMUNITY AND GOVERNMENT
the Philippines (DBP). Therefore, three AGENCIES – case management is a
thousand pesos (Php 3,000) shall be given in particular skill set of social workers that uses
the form of cash and two thousand pesos established protocols to identify clients in
(Php 2,000) via e-voucher for the purchase need of assistance the services they need to
of rice, chicken, and egg. obtain stability and security. It is a process
2. BALIK SIGLA SA LAWA AT ILOG (BASIL) practiced by social workers, that guides the
- The Balik Sigla sa Ilog at Lawa (BASIL) delivery of social service support to
Program is among the banner programs of vulnerable individuals in need.
the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources. It aims to rehabilitate or restore 2. ADVOCACY AND SUPPORT VIA THE
the physical conditions of rivers, lakes, CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM,
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
PROTECTING WOMEN WHO ARE tenure improvement, agrarian justice, and
VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE – it is coordinated delivery of essential support
establish to support services for individual services to client-beneficiares.
women and participate in coordinating Aim to help the peasant farmers acquire land for them
community responses to domestic violence to till and own.
that included the criminal justice system so
as to improve women’s safety. 2. KILUSANG MAGBUBUKID NG PILIPINAS
(KMP) – These are also some democratic
3. Community education to prevent human movements that fight to help the voiceless
trafficking – labor trafficking, such as those peasants and protect their rights and
involved in hotel or farm employment, interests, such as the Kilusang Magbubukid
domestic slavery, and sex trafficking are all ng Pilipinas (KMP), which continues to
examples of human trafficking. Social consolidate and defend its gains and
workers have critical roles in both the victories while advancing the peasant
prevention of this crime and the intervention struggle against class exploitation and
of both individuals who are victims and those national oppression.
who victimize.
- It aims in raising awareness, and 3. AMIHAN – AMIHAN is a peasant women’s
empowering individuals through educating organization and federation of peasant
the community about the human trafficking. women’s rights groups that push for real
agricultural reform, national modernization,
4. MANAGEMENT FOR ANTITRAFFICKING and the abolition of all forms of exploitation
PROGRAMS – Social workers also have a and discrimination, notably against rural
role in the management of the anti-trafficking women.
program. Since we are advocates, we are AMIHAN was founded in response to the
and should be knowledgeable about human need to offer a collective voice to peasant
trafficking. From the perspective of women, the Philippines’ most numerous and
intervention, social workers can assist those discriminated-against group of women.
who have been affected by advocating,
making psychoeducational and clinical LABORERS
interventions, educating the public and
service providers about the needs of those LABORERS
who have been victimized, and advocating ▪ The Labor sector is one of the most
for the development of infrastructure and important sectors in a society. These are the
funding for intervention and treatment people who work in order that the system of
programs. life moves, or the economy of a society will
work and function. In our country, the Labor
PEASANTS sector is facing some challenges and
problems. The labor force in our country is
PEASANTS so immense but the opportunity to have
▪ They are farmers who do not have their own decent and sustainable work or jobs is so
land to cultivate, even though they have scarce. The biggest employer in our country
been working with their landlord for a long is the Philippine government. However, the
period of time. Many of farmers in our nation government cannot cater to all the labor
are still classified as peasants. force in our country, it needs the help of the
private sector to create more work
PROBLEMS/ISSUES FACED BY PEASANTS opportunities
1. Use of traditional agricultural tools
2. Abusive Land Owners PROBLEMS/ISSUES FACED BY LABORERS
3. Inflation 1. UNDEREMPLOYMENT – a person who is
4. Lack of awareness of the government’s underemployed is working, but they are not
various agriculture development initiatives working or earning as much a they would like
to or to their full abilities.
PROGRAMS AND SERVICES PROVIDED 2. UNEMPLOYMENT – is simply not having a
PEASANTS job but wanting to work. This is a person that
1. COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM may be having a hard time finding a position
LAW OF 1988 (REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6657) he or she qualifies for. They may be looking
– The government through the Department for opportunities, but failing to land a job.
of Agrarian Reform (DAR), through land
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
3. HIGH LABOR COST - labor-cost-rise laws basic rights as workers because they came
can either increase overall employment or from other countries. The migrant workers
increase hours per worker, but not both. are treated like slaves or low class humans.
Employees in the country are demanding 2. SEXUAL HARASSMENT - Some of our
greater salaries owing to inflation and the migrant’s worker, specially the women, have
consequences of the epidemic, regrettably gruesome experience with their employer.
the circulation of money in our nation is not Rape, physical and verbal abused,
as rapid as we believe it is, there are certain impregnation and even death. This barbaric
firm that cannot cope up instantly with these act is still existing even in modern time and
changes and instead of employing more some of our poor migrant workers has
people for greater man strength they start experience this gruesome act.
lowering their employment. As a result, 3. MALNUTRITION AND CRIME - most of the
normal laborers have less opportunities to migrant workers who work as domestic
obtain suitable employment. helpers, have suffered from this kind of
maltreatment. They experienced hunger,
PROGRAMS AND SERVICES FOR LABORERS overworked, physical abuse and deprivation
1. TUPAD OR TULONG PANGHANAPBUHAY in basic needs. Some of them were accused
SA ATING DISADVANTAGED/DISPLACED of crime and incarcerated in their workplace.
WORKERS - is a community-based package
of assistance that provides displaced PROGRAMS AND SERVICES FOR OFW &
workers, underemployed workers, and MIGRANT WORKERS
seasonal workers with emergency 1. BALIK PINAS, BALIK HANAPBUHAY -
employment for a minimum of 10 days and a This program was conceptualized in order to
maximum of 30 days, depending on the help and provide technical and financial
nature of the work. This is a program from assistance to OFWs who decided to go back
the Department of Labor and Employment home to our country
(DOLE). Based on what I've observed in our 2. THE MIGRANT WORKERS AND
neighborhood, this program has helped a lot OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS ACT OF
of individuals since it is simple to apply for. 1995 (Rep. Act 8042) - This law mandated
The issue of laborers and employment the Department of Social Welfare and
should be handled soon; as our globe Development (DSWD)to deploy social
changes to more contemporary technologies, workers in different countries in order to
our country must likewise keep up. Providing provide the Migrant Workers or Overseas
a sustainable employment or programs to an Filipino Workers with social welfare services
individual can improve their way of life in
society; as a change agent, social workers URBAN POOR
should always prioritize those who are in
need in order for them to function well in the URBAN POOR
society ▪ Urban poverty, unlike rural poverty, is
complex and multifaceted. It goes beyond
OFW AND MIGRANT WORKERS the lack of income or resources and
encompasses the vulnerability of the poor
OFW AND MIGRANT WORKERS due to limited access to land, housing,
▪ The migrant workers or the overseas Filipino livelihood opportunities, healthcare,
workers is one of the main employment education, social security, and their inability
opportunities of the Filipino people. Many to voice concerns. The rapid urbanization in
have tried luck in working foreign countries in the Philippines, particularly in Greater Manila
order to seek greener pasture and improve over the past decade, has led to a significant
their living conditions. Millions of Filipino rise in the urban poor population, now
workers are not working abroad and sending estimated at 14 million. This has resulted in
their money or earnings to their families that the growth of slums and informal
somehow help our economy to function and settlements, with problems like
grow. overcrowding, insufficient social services,
unsanitary conditions, and hunger.
PROBLEMS/ISSUES OF AN OFW & MIGRANT
WORKERS PROBLEMS/ISSUES OF URBAN POOR
1. RACIAL DISCRMINATION - many of our 1. LIMITED ACCESS TO SERVICES - Due to
migrant workers had experienced racial their socioeconomic status, the urban poor
discrimination. They were deprived of their may have limited access to essential
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
services like healthcare, education, and non-profit organization that operates on a
social welfare programs. regional, national, or international scale
2. HOUSING AND SHELTER - One of the based on its reach and connectivity.
most significant issues facing the urban poor
is the lack of adequate housing. Many live in GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION (GO)
informal settlements, characterized by ▪ A government organization, often known as
substandard structures, overcrowding, and a public agency, is a government appointed
lack of basic amenities. These settlements entity that might be permanent or semi-
are often located in hazardous areas, such permanent and is funded by the government.
as floodplains or landfills, making them
vulnerable to natural disasters. CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION (CSO)
▪ A civil society organization (CSO) is a
PROGRAMS AND SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE collection of people who operate in the
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES FOR URBAN POOR community independently of government and
1. DEPARTENT OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS business. The basis for civil society in the
AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT (DHSUD) - Philippines comes from the Filipino concepts
Under Republic Act 11201, The Department of pakikipagkapwa (holistic interaction with
is the sole and main planning and policy- others) and kapwa (shared inner self).
making, regulatory, program coordination, Voluntary assistance or charity connotes for
and performance monitoring entity for all Filipinos an equal status between the
housing, human settlement, and urban provider of assistance and the recipient,
development concerns, primarily focusing on which is embodied in the terms damayan
the access to and affordability of basic (assistance of peers in periods of crisis) and
human needs. pagtutulungan (mutual self-help). The
2. PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO Western notion of kawanggawa (charity) may
PROGRAM (4Ps) - A conditional cash have been introduced to the Philippines by
transfer program that provides financial Catholic missionaries. Strive to improve
assistance to poor families in exchange for certain sectors to uplift the standard of living
compliance with health and education for citizens.
conditions.
PEOPLE’S ORGANIZATION (PO)
TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONS: WORK WITH LGU’s, ▪ People's organizations are legitimate
NGO’s, GO’s, CIVIL SOCIETY, AND POs associations of citizens with a proven
capacity to promote public interest, as well
Organizations as identifiable leadership, membership, and
▪ A group of people who work together to structure. A group of people, which may be
achieve a shared goal is represented. by an an association, cooperative, federation, or
organization. An organization is formed when other legal entity, established by the
a group of people who are in communication community to undertake collective action to
and relationship with one another and are address community concerns and need, and
willing to contribute to a common goal or mutually share the benefits from the
objective. endeavor.

Local Government Unit (LGU) ELEMENTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF

▪ The lowest administrative level within a ORGANIZATION
government state, such as a municipality of
district. The Department of the Interior and Elements of Organization
Local Government (DILG) envisions Local People
Government Units (LGUs) that self-sufficient, - All organizations require human members.
development-oriented, safe, peaceful, While the organization will likely have other
socially protective, business-friendly, forms of resources, such as capital and
environmentally protective, transparent, equipment, the involvement of human beings
accountable, and participatory. is essential.

NON – GOVERNMENT UNIT (NGO) Distinct Purpose

▪ It refers to a citizen-led organization that - The members of the organization collaborate
operates fully independently of the to achieve a distinct purpose. The
government to provide a wide range of organizational purpose generally includes
services and humanitarian functions. It is a the accomplishment of tasks or obtaining the
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
desired result. This purpose is typically
expressed in terms of a goal or a set of goals Types of Organization work with LGUs, NGOs,
that the organization hopes to accomplish. GOs, CSOs, and POs

Deliberate Structure LGUs Organization

- The organization has a structure that is Department of the Interior and Local Government
commonly recognized and adhered to by all (DILG) – Provides guidance and Oversight to ensure
members. An organization may assume a effective governance.
legal business entity status that controls its
organizational structure. Means lacks are Local Government Academy (LGA) – offers training
divided and responsibility for their and capacity-building programs for local officials
performance is assigned to organization
members. EFFECTIVENESS. The degree to League of Cities of the Philippines – advocates for
which the organization achieves a stated the interests of cities and provides a platform for
goal or succeed in accomplishing what it collaboration
tries to do.
Philippine Councilors League (PCL) – supports
Dynamic Processes councilors in their legislative duties and promotes best
- Organizations comprise people and expand practices.
their knowledge and experience over time.
Changes can influence various functions of Various NGOs and International Organizations –
an organization. As a result, organizations these included the United Nations Development
may not behave or function same way for Program (UNDP), which assist in local development
extended periods of time, Successful initiatives
organizations evolve in response to changing
consumer demands and business situations. Local Government Support Fund (LGSF) –
provides financial assistance for various local
Hierarchy projects.
- An organization comprises several positions
in a hierarchy with well-defined powers and Organizations that are under NGOs
responsibilities for each. A central authority Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism
is typically present, from which a chain of (Founded in 1989) - A non-profit, independent media
authority extends throughout the organization. It focuses on investigative journalism,
organization. routes of communication and aiming to uncover corruption, abuse of power, and
patterns of interaction follow the relative other critical issues in the Philippines. PCIJ is known
hierarchy of organizational positions or for its in-depth reporting and efforts to promote
designations. transparency and accountability in governance.

Characteristics of an Organization Habitat for Humanity Philippines (Established in

1988) - A non-profit organization, it works to provide
Clear Division of Work affordable housing and improve living conditions for
- Involves separating a complex work process low-income families through construction, repair, and
into several components or tasks, each of disaster response initiatives. HFHP also engages in
which a different individual or group of community development and advocates for housing
individuals may perform. By dividing labor rights.
among two or more Individuals or groups of
employees, an organization can function Philippine Red Cross (Established in 1947) - A
more efficiently and effectively. humanitarian organization that provides emergency
assistance, disaster relief, and education in the
Cooperative Relationships Philippines. It operates under the principles of the
- An organization fosters cooperative International Red Cross and Red Crescent
relationships among its members. Movement, focusing on helping those affected by
Organizations rarely consist of a single crises and improving community welfare.
individual. They typically involve the
participation of at least two people. The Haribon Foundation (Established in 1972) - A
organizational structure may be in such a Philippine non-profit organization dedicated to
way that it encourages individuals to work environmental conservation. It focuses on protecting
together to complete their tasks. and restoring natural habitats, promoting biodiversity,
and advocating for sustainable development through
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
research, community involvement, and policy CPTCSA aims to support survivors in their recovery
advocacy. and work towards reducing the incidence of child
sexual abuse through community outreach and
Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS founded advocacy.
in 1954) - A non-profit organization dedicated to
promoting animal welfare in the Philippines. It focuses Organization under GOs
on rescuing and rehabilitating abused animals, Department of Social Welfare and Development
advocating for animal rights, and educating the public (Founded in 1975) - A government agency in the
on responsible pet ownership. Philippines responsible for implementing social
welfare programs and services. It aims to improve the
Philippine Business for Social Progress quality of life for marginalized and vulnerable sectors
(Established in 1970) - It serves as a corporate-led through various programs, including financial
foundation that mobilizes resources from the business assistance, disaster relief, and community
sector to support social development programs, development.
including education, health, and livelihood initiatives.
PBSP aims to address poverty and improve the The Overseas Workers Welfare Administration
quality of life in marginalized communities through (OWWA established in 1977) - An agency attached
collaborative efforts with various stakeholders to the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE),
It began operations in 1982. They provide welfare
The Tribal Development Foundation in the assistance to registered overseas workers and their
Philippines (Founded in 1986) - Focuses on dependents, as well as ensure the viability of the
improving the lives of indigenous communities. They overseas welfare fund.
work on various fronts, including education, health,
and economic development. TDF aims to preserve The World Health Organization (WHO established
indigenous cultures while enhancing self-sufficiency in April 7, 1948) - A specialized agency of the United
through sustainable projects. Nations responsible for international public health.
Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, it has six
SOS – Children’s Villages (Founded in 1941) - A regional offices and 150 field offices worldwide. WHO
global non-governmental organization dedicated to works all around the world to promote health, keep
supporting orphaned and vulnerable children. It the world safe, and help the most vulnerable people.
provides family-like care in SOS Children's Villages, Our goal is to ensure that a billion more people
where children live with SOS mothers in a supportive, receive universal health care, to prevent a billion more
stable environment. The organization also focuses on people from health emergencies, and to improve the
education, healthcare, and community development to health and well-being of another billion people.
help children build a better future. SOS Children's
Villages operates in numerous countries worldwide, A Disaster Assistance Response Team (IDART) -
addressing both immediate needs and long-term well- Formed to assist communities with floodplain
being. management obligations following a natural disaster,
DART members are all skilled floodplain managers
The Women’s Crisis Center (Founded in 1983) - An from a variety of industries. DART members are fully
organization dedicated to supporting survivors of trained and have disaster response expertise.
domestic violence, sexual assault, and other forms of
abuse. It provides a range of services including crisis The United Nations (Founded in Oct. 24, 1945) - It
intervention, counseling, legal advocacy, and is an international organization created in 1945 by 51
emergency shelter. The center aims to empower countries dedicated to maintaining informational
women and children, helping them to regain stability peace and security, creating cordial relations among
and independence while working to raise awareness states, and promoting social progress, higher living
and prevent violence. WCC operates with a focus on standards, and human rights.
providing a safe, confidential space for survivors to
seek help and support.
Organization Under CSO
The Center for the Prevention and Treatment of ChildFund Philippines - Is a member of ChildFund
Child Sexual Abuse (founded in 1995) - An International, one of the world's largest and most
organization dedicated to addressing and preventing respected development organizations. The mission of
child sexual abuse. It provides specialized services ChildFund is to help deprived, excluded, and
such as counseling, therapy, and support for survivors vulnerable children living in poverty develop the
and their families. The center also engages in capacity to become young adults, parents, and
education and training programs to raise awareness leaders who bring lasting and positive change to their
and prevent abuse. By offering these services, communities: and to promote societies in which
SW 102 – B1 FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
MIDTERM REVIEWER

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK

1st SEMESTER S.Y 2024 - 2025
individuals and institutions value, protect, and It establishes the framework for the civil
advance the worth and rights of children. service system in the Philippines, aiming to
promote meritocracy and efficiency in
Action Against Hunger - Is a global humanitarian government service.
organization which originated in France and is
committed to ending world hunger. The organization People’s Organization (Pos)
helps malnourished children and provides - Republic Act No. 9520. The Cooperative
communities with access to safe water and Code of the Philippines .
sustainable solutions to hunger. The organization This act provides the legal framework for the
helps malnourished children and provides formation and operation of cooperatives,
communities with access to safe water and which are often considered POs
sustainable solutions to hunger.
TRENDS
Watchlist on Children and Armed Conflict - Strives
to end violations against children in armed conflicts Digital Transformation – Increasing use of
and to guarantee their rights. As a global network, the technology for service delivery, communication, and
Watchlist builds partnerships among local, national, governance.
and international non-governmental organizations,
enhancing mutual capacities and strengths. Community Engagement – Greater Emphasis on
Participatory governance, with more involvement of
Organizations under Pos citizens in decision-making process.
Jalaud Fisherfolk’s Association - A community
organization based in Jaluad, a coastal area in the Sustainability Initiatives – Focus on environmental
Philippines. The association primarily serves local sustainability and climate action, with programs
fishermen and their families, focusing on improving addressing local ecological challenges.
their livelihoods through various initiatives. These may
include promoting sustainable fishing practices, Capacity Building – Enhanced training and
providing training and resources, and advocating for development for staff and volunteers to improve
the rights and welfare of the fisherfolk. effectiveness and responsiveness

Community – Based Mangrove Seedlings Growers Collaborative Networks – strengthening partnership

Association - A grassroots organization focused on among LGUs, NGOs, and CSOs to address complex
the propagation and planting of mangrove seedlings. social issues collectively
This initiative typically involves local communities
working together to grow and transplant mangroves, Policy Advocacy – Increased efforts to influence
which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, legislation and policy to better address community
and environmental sustainability. needs and rights.

LEGAL BASIS

Local Government Units (LGUs)

- Republic Act No. 7160, Local Government
Code of 1991.
This law outlines the structure, powers, and
responsibilities of LGUs, enabling them to
exercise local autonomy and governance.

Non - Government Organization (NGOs)

- Corporation Code of the Philippines (Batas
Pambansa Blg.68) and the Civil Code
For registration and Regulation, NGOs
typically register with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC)

Government Organization (GOs)

- Republic Act No. 2260, Civil Service Act of
1959.