SST QUESTIONNAIRE

Name: Ujjwal Shibu

Class: 9G
Exam no: 9721
Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs)(5x1m)
1. When was King Louis XVI executed?
(a) 23 January 1791
(b) 21 January 1793
(c) 26 January 1794
(d) None of the above

Ans: (b) 21 January 1793

2. Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all_______.
(a) Religions
(b) Races
(c) Castes
(d) Both (a) and (c)
Ans: (a) Religions
3. Who talked of revolutions that would create nations where all
citizens would have equal rights.
(a) Liberals
(b) Conservatives
(c) Nationalists
(d) Revolutionaries
Ans: (c) Nationalists
4. People of ages __ to __ are considered workforce population
(a) 15 to 59
 (b) 16 to 60
(c) 18 to 65
(d) 15 to 60
Ans: (a) 15 to 59
5. Robert Mugabe was President of which country?
(a) Chile
(b) Mexico
(c) Zimbabwe
(d) Fiji
Ans: (c) Zimbabwe
Assertion-Reason Questions(5x1m):
6. Assertion(A): Political instability led to rise of Napoleon
Bonaparte.
Reason(R): Robespierre’s views often clashed with those of the
Directors and Legislative Councils
(a) A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) A and R are true, but R is not correct explanation of A
(c) A is false, R is true
(d) A is true, R is false
Ans: (d)
7. Assertion(A): Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wanted the workers
to fight against capitalism
Reason(R): Workers’ conditions would never improve unless they
fight against capitalism
(a) A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) A and R are true, but R is not correct explanation of A
(c) A is false, R is true
(d) A is true, R is false
Ans: (a)
 8. Assertion(A): Liberals were against private property and saw it as
the root of all social ills.
Reason(R): Individuals who owned property were only interested
in making profit and not in welfare of workers.
(a) A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) A and R are true, but R is not correct explanation of A
(c) A is false, R is true
(d) A is true, R is false
Ans: (c)
9. Assertion(A): Unemployment tends to increase economic
overload.
Reason(R): Dependence on employed individuals increases.
(a) A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) A and R are true, but R is not correct explanation of A
(c) A is false, R is true
(d) A is true, R is false
Ans: (a)
10. Assertion(A): Pakistan cannot be called a democracy as final
decision power did not rest with those elected by people.
Reason(R): Decisions were made by national and provincial
assemblies who were elected by the people.
(a) A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) A and R are true, but R is not correct explanation of A
(c) A is false, R is true
(d) A is true, R is false
Ans: (d)
Competency-based(5x1m):
11. You are a citizen of Marseilles during the Reign of Terror. You
would have to call your fellow citizens as.
Ans) I would have to address male citizens as Citoyen and female
citizens as Citoyenne.
12. You are a worker during the Industrial Revolution in Europe.
Describe the problems you would face.
Ans) I would not be satisfied with the long hours of work and low
wages. The poor working conditions would also be dissatisfactory.
Sanitation and housing would also be problems.
13. Socialists was against the existence of private property. Do you
agree with them?
Ans) Opinion based
14. If you wanted to contest in the elections to the National People’s
Congress, what was the requirement to do so?
Ans) You had to get approval for the election by the Chinese
Communist Party ie. There is no real choice in the elections.
15. Your parents give you quality education and healthcare and you
in turn educate your own children. This creates a
______________.
Ans) Virtuous Cycle
2 Mark Questions(5x2m)
16. What was an Estates General? When was it held last time?
Ans) The Estates General, was a political body where representatives
from each estate are present to voice the concerns of their estate. The
monarch had to hold and Estates General to take an important
decision. The last time the Estates General took place was in 1614.
17. Write a very short note on
i) Robert Owen
ii) Louis Blanc
Ans) i) Robert Owen was a leading English manufacturer of his time
who sought to build a cooperative called New Harmony in
Indiana(USA).
ii) Louis Blanc was among the other socialists who thought
cooperatives could not be establish through individual effort. The
government had to support cooperatives. In France he demanded the
government to support cooperatives to replace capitalists.
18. Differentiate between revolutionaries and nationalists
Ans) Some nationalists, radicals and liberals wanted to put an
immediate end to the governments that existed in Europe(in 1815).
They were called revolutionaries.
Nationalists talked about revolutions that would create a new ‘nation’
where all citizens had equal rights.
19. List the features of a democracy?
Ans) The features of democracy are:
 Decision making power rests with those elected by the
people.
 Free and fair elections have to be held, where the current
rulers have an equal chance of losing.
 Every person has to have one vote and that vote should
count for one value.
 A democratic government rules within limits set by
constitution.
20. Explain paradoxical manpower situation.
Ans) A paradoxical manpower situation is created when surplus of
labour in certain categories coexist with shortage of labour in others.
There is unemployment among the technically qualified person on one
hand, while there is a dearth of technical skills required for economic
growth.
 3 Mark Questions(5x3m)
21. Explain how a subsistence crisis occurs.
Ans) A subsistence crisis is one in which basic means of living are
endangered.
The population of France exploded from 23 million in 1715 to 28
million in 1798.
This often coexisted with a bad harvest due to draught or severe
winters.
Since there was shortage of grains and high demand of grains at the
same time, the price of bread which was the staple diet, went up.
The poorest of the poorest in France were not able to buy bread as
their wages often did not keep up with the rising prices.
This created a subsistence crisis which was common in France of the
old regime.
22. Differentiate between radicals and liberals.
Ans) Radicals wanted a government based on the country’s majority
population whereas liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all
religions and an elected parliamentary form of government with an
independent judiciary.
Radicals were in support of women’s suffragette movements while
liberals did not want women to vote in their ideal form of
government.
23. What was the influence of industrialization on society.
Ans) Industrialization led to the expansion and development of cities
and railways.
It brought men, women and children to factories. The working hours
were long but wages short and often working conditions were poor.
Housing and sanitation were also a problem as cities were rapidly
expanding.
24. What are the effects of unemployment.
Ans) Unemployment lead to wastage of human resource. People who
could have been an asset to the country become a liability. There is a
feeling of hopelessness among the youth. The dependence of
unemployed people on employed persons increases. Inability of people
who are educate, able and willing to work to find employment implies
great social wastage.
25. Give three instances of denial of equal right to vote. What
feature of democracy do these countries oppose?
Ans) In Saudi Arabia until 2015 women were not allowed to vote.
In Estonia the citizenship rules are such that the Russian minority finds
it hard to vote.
In Fiji the vote of an indigenous Fijian has more value than that of an
Indian Fijian.
All these countries cannot be called a democracy because in their
countries not everyone has the right to vote, and all the people’s vote
does not have the same value.
Case Study Questions(5x4m)
26. The members of the first two estates, that is, the clergy and the
nobility, enjoyed certain privileges by birth. The most important of
these was exemption from paying taxes to the state. The nobles
further enjoyed feudal privileges. These included feudal dues,
which they extracted from the peasants. Peasants were obliged to
render services to the lord to work in his house and fields to serve
in the army or to participate in building roads. The Church too
extracted its share of taxes called tithes from the peasants, and
finally, all members of the third estate had to pay taxes to the state.
These included a direct tax, called taille, and a number of indirect
taxes which were levied on articles of everyday consumption like
salt or tobacco. The burden of financing activities of the state
through taxes was borne by the third estate alone.
 i) What were the taxes and other dues that peasants had to
pay?
Ans) Peasants had to pay the following taxes:
1. Tithes which was one tenth of the produce to
be payed to the church
2. Tailles which was a direct tax paid directly to the
state.
3. Number of indirect taxes levies on everyday
objects.
4. They also had to pay feudal dues to nobles.
ii) What were the privileges enjoyed by the first and second
estate?
Ans) The first and second estate had the following privileges:
1. They were exempted from paying taxes.
2. Nobles could collect feudal dues.
3. Peasants also had to work for nobles as their servants, or
to build roads or to join the army.
4. Churches collected tithes from the peasants.
iii) What was the feudal system. Explain in a sentence or two.
Ans) The feudal system was a system that existed in France of the Old
Regime. There were three estates, the first estate or the clergy, the
second estate or the nobles and the third estate which were mostly
peasants. The first and second estates enjoyed certain privileges.

27. Perhaps one of the most far-reaching visions of how society

should be structured was socialism. By the mid - nineteenth century
in Europe, socialism was a well-known body of ideas that attracted
widespread attention. Socialists were against private property, and
saw it as the root of all social ills of the time. Why? Individuals
owned the property that gave employment but the propertied were
 concerned only with personal gain and not with the welfare of
those who made the property productive. So if society as a whole
rather than single individuals controlled property, more attention
would be paid to collective social interests. Socialists wanted this
change and campaigned for it
i) Who were socialists? Why were they against private property?
What idea did they propose instead?
Ans) 1. Socialists were those who were against private property and
saw it as the root of all social evils.
2. Socialists were against private property as the property was owned
by individuals and they were only interested in making profits and thus
they exploit their workers.
3. They proposed that property was to be controlled by society as a
whole so that society’s collective interest would be considered.
ii) List 2 socialists and their respective idea.
Ans) 2 socialists were:
1. Robert Owens: Sought to build a cooperative society called New
Harmony in Indiana.
2. Louis Blanc: Demanded that governments recognise cooperatives
and replace capitalists.

28. By the 1870s, socialist ideas spread through Europe. To coordinate

their efforts, socialists formed an international body namely, the
Second International.
Workers in England and Germany began forming associations to
fight for better living and working conditions. They set up funds to
help members in times of distress and demanded a reduction of
working hours and the right to vote. In Germany, these associations
worked closely with the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and helped it
win parliamentary seats. By 1905, socialists and trade unionists
 formed a Labour Party in Britain and a Socialist Party in France.
However, till 1914, socialists never succeeded in forming a
government in Europe. Represented by strong figures in
parliamentary politics, their ideas did shape legislation, but
governments continued to be run by conservatives, liberals and
radicals
i) The Communist Manifesto was written by.
Ans) The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich
Engels
ii) When was the first time a socialist government was formed in
Europe?
Ans) The first socialist form of government was formed in 1914.
iii) Who were liberals, radicals and conservatives?
Ans) Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions and a
elected, parliamentary form of government with an independent
judiciary. They were not democrats as they did not want women to
vote.
Radicals wanted a government based on the country’s majority
population. They supported women’s suffragette movements. They
disliked the concentration of power in the hands of a few.
Conservatives disliked change. But in the nineteenth century htye
accepted that some change was inevitable and change was to be
brought about gradually.

29. Not only do the more educated and the healthier people gain
through higher incomes, society also gains in other indirect ways
because the advantages of a more educated or a healthier
population spreads to those also who themselves were not directly
educated or given health care. In fact, human capital is in one way
 superior to other resources like land and physical capital: human
resource can make use of land and capital. Land and capital cannot
become useful on its own!
i) Explain how health and education play an important role in
human capital formation.
Ans) Human resource when invested upon in terms of education and
health becomes human capital.
1. Health provides an individual the ability to perform to his/her full
potential. It also lengthens his/her life expectancy and his/her
productivity.
2. Education equips an individual with the skill and knowledge to
perform a given task. Education in the long run provides an individual
with a job and a salary. He/she is able to contribute to the national
income.
3. By investing in the population in terms of health and education,
makes the population an asset to the country.
ii) Explain the superiority of human resource.
Ans) Human resource is the most superior resource.
1. Physical capital and land resource are useless unless humans find a
need for such resources.
2. Human resources use other resources to prove fruitful to the
economy of a country.
3. Physical and land capital cannot become useful on its own.
4. Countries like Japan are developed although they don’t have much
resources. This is because they invested in the human resource who in
turn built a stable economy.

30. As protests and struggles against apartheid had increased, the

government realised that they could no longer keep the blacks
under their rule through repression. The white regime changed its
 policies. Discriminatory laws were repealed. Ban on political parties
and restrictions on the media were lifted. After 28 years of
imprisonment, Nelson Mandela walked out of the jail as a free man.
Finally, at the midnight of 26 April 1994, the new national flag of
the Republic of South Africa was unfurled marking the newly born
democracy in the world. The apartheid government came to an
end, paving way for the formation of a multi-racial government.
i) What was apartheid?
Ans) Apartheid was a racially discriminative system unique to South
Africa. It was particularly oppressive to blacks. The white Europeans
forced this upon South Africa. It divided people based on skin colour.
ii) What was segregation?
Ans) Blacks were not allowed to enter white residential areas without a
permit, there were separate buses, swimming pools, churches for
blacks and whites. Blacks were not allowed to worship the churches
where whites worshipped. This was segregation.
iii) Why is South Africa known as a ‘Rainbow Nation?’ How did
the world’s view on South Africa change over time?
Ans) 1. South Africa is known as a ‘Rainbow nation’ as there are people
of different races living in harmony in South Africa.
2. South Africa was known as the most undemocratic country because
of the racist rules during European rule.
4. After independence the oppressor and the oppressed sat together
and wrote a constitution that grants its people some of the most
extensive rights in the world.
5. Today, South Africa is a model nation for various other countries
around the world with one of the finest constitutions the world has
ever seen.
5 Mark Questions (5x5=25m)
31. Discuss the importance of the abolishment of censorship in
France.
Ans) Censorship was abolished soon after the storming of the Bastille
in July 1989.
1. In the Old Regime, all newspapers, books, pamphlets and plays had
to approved by the censors of the king before they could be published
or enacted.
2. But the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen proclaimed
Freedom of Speech and Expression.
3. Newspapers, pamphlets, books and printed pictures flooded the
towns of France.
4. They all described the events and changes taking place in France.
5. Freedom of the press also meant that opposing views of events
could be expressed.
6. Plays, songs and festive processions attracted large numbers of
people.
7. This was one of the ways they could grasp and identify with ideas
such as liberty or justice that philosophers often wrote about.

32. Write at length describing the liberals, radicals, conservatives,

nationalists and revolutionaries.
Ans) Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions. Liberals also
opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to
safeguard the rights of individuals against governments. They argued
for a representative, elected parliamentary government, subject to
laws interpreted by a well-trained judiciary that was independent of
rulers and officials. However, they were not democrats. They did not
believe in universal adult franchise, that is, the right of every citizen to
vote. They felt men of property mainly should have the vote. They also
did not want the vote for women.
In contrast, radicals wanted a nation in which government was based
on the majority of a country’s population. Many supported women’s
suffragette movements. Unlike liberals, they opposed the privileges of
great landowners and wealthy factory owners. They were not against
the existence of private property but disliked concentration of property
in the hands of a few.
Conservatives were opposed to radicals and liberals. After the French
Revolution, however, even conservatives had opened their minds to
the need for change. Earlier, in the eighteenth century, conservatives
had been generally opposed to the idea of change. By the nineteenth
century, they accepted that some change was inevitable but believed
that the past had to be respected and change had to be brought about
through a slow process.

33. Write the difference between democracy and dictatorship

Ans)
Democracy Dictatorship
The people are the real rulers as they choose Rulers impose themselves on the people.
the leaders who form the government. These They fight no elections and have no chances
leaders have fair chance of loosing in of loosing power hence they are not much
elections; this makes them more accountable accountable to the people.
to the people.

Democracy enhances the dignity of the In a dictatorial form citizens have basically no
citizens by making them the real rulers and rights and are left as subjects of the rulers.
not the subjects of the rulers. Fundamental Fundamental rights in a dictatorial form are
rights are guaranteed under democracy and non existent and the rulers or rulers have
the governments have to function with in the unlimited powers with no constitutional
constitutional limits. limitations.
Democracy wants all people to take part in Single party system like China or a dictator
political process. Citizen’s active does not want people to participate in the
participation in politics improves the quality political process. Single party system or
of democracy. No single party or individual dictator want to control power alone and want
can control the entire political process to reduce any chances of power sharing.
Democracy leads to equality in the society, as In this system equality can be achieved but
all right guaranteed by constitution are given chances of conflicts are more certain. A
with no differences to the citizens. Social section of society can feel more privileged
diversities are well accommodated in a then the others resulting in social diversity
democracy. with no chance of adjustments.

34. What efforts have been undertaken in the field of education in

India?

Ans) Many efforts have been undertaken in India in the field of

education –

i. More universities have been opened in India to facilitate higher

education in the country.

ii. Mid day meals scheme has been implemented to encourage

school attendance.

iii. Bridge courses and back to school camps have been started to
increase the enrolment in elementary education.

iv. Schemes like ‘Sarva Siksha Abhiyan’ are significant in providing

elementary education to children in age group 6 to 14 years.

v. Stress on imparting IT training has been initiated to encourage a

technically trained manpower in the country.