Medical terminology:
The Integumentary System
Presented by:
Mark Jayson Gutierrez, RRT, MAEd
THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM:
Basic structures and combining forms
Major Structures Related Combining Primary Functions
Forms
Skin cutane/o, Intact skin is the first line of defense
dermat/o, derm/o for the immune system. Skin
waterproofs the body and is the
major receptor for the sense of
touch.
Sebaceous Glands seb/o Secrete sebum (oil) to lubricate the
skin and discourage the growth of
bacteria on the skin.
THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM:
Basic structures and combining forms
Major Structures Related Combining Primary Functions
Forms
Sweat Glands hidr/o Secrete sweat to regulate body
temperature and water content,
and these glands excrete some
metabolic waste.
Hair pil/i, pil/o Aids in controlling the loss of body
heat.
Nails onych/o, ungu/o Protect the dorsal surface of the last
bone of each finger and toe.
Medical specialties related
to the Integumentary System
Dermatologist (der-mah-TOL-oh-jist)
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
(dermat means skin, and -ologist means specialist)
Plastic surgeon
a physician who specializes in the surgical restoration and reconstruction of
body structures.
Cosmetic surgeons
plastic surgeons who perform operations such as breast augmentation,
liposuction, and facelifts that are usually done for aesthetic rather than
medical reasons.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
The Sebaceous Glands
Acne vulgaris
(ACK-nee vul-GAY-ris)
Commonly known as acne, is
a chronic inflammatory
disease characterized by
pustular eruptions of the skin
caused by an overproduction
of sebum around the hair
shaft.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
The Sebaceous Glands
Comedo
(KOM-eh-doh)
a noninfected lesion
formed by the buildup
of sebum and keratin
in a hair follicle (plural,
comedones) often
associated with acne
vulgaris.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
The Sweat Glands
Anhidrosis (an-high-DROH-sis)
abnormal condition of lacking
sweat in response to heat
Hyperhidrosis (high-per-high-DROH-sis)
a condition of excessive sweating in
one area or over the whole body
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
The Hair
Folliculitis
(foh-lick-you-LYE-tis)
An inflammation of the hair
follicles
Trichomycosis axillaris
(try-koh-my-KOH-sis ak-sih- LAR-is)
Superficial bacterial infection of the
hair shafts in areas with extensive sweat
glands, such as the armpits
Trichomycosis axillaris
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
The Nails
Clubbing
abnormal curving of the nails
that is often accompanied
by enlargement of the
fingertips.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
The Nails
Onychocryptosis
(on-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis)
Commonly known as
an ingrown toenail
The edges of a toenail,
usually on the big toe,
curve inward and cut
into the skin.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Skin Pigmentation
Albinism
(AL-bih-niz-um)
genetic condition characterized by a
deficiency or the absence of pigment
in the skin, hair, and irises of the eyes
Chloasma
(kloh-AZ-mah)
Aka melasma or the mask of
pregnancy, is a pigmentation
disorder characterized by melasma on cheek picture
brownish spots on the face.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Bleeding into the Skin
Contusion Purpura
(kon-TOO-zhun) (PUR-pew-rah)
an injury to underlying tissues the appearance of multiple purple
without breaking the skin and is discolorations on the skin caused by
characterized by discoloration bleeding underneath the skin
and pain
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Fluid-Filled Lesions
Purulent
(PYOU-roo-lent)
means producing or
containing pus.
Exudate
(ECKS-you-dayt)
a fluid, such as pus, that
leaks out of an infected
wound.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Fluid-Filled Lesions
Pustule (PUS-tyoul) Bulla (BULL-ah)
a large blister that is usually more than
also known as a pimple, is a small, 0.5 cm in diameter
circumscribed lesion containing
pus
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Lesions Through the Skin
Abrasion (ah-BRAY-zhun)
an injury in which superficial
layers of skin are scraped or
rubbed away
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Lesions Through the Skin
Pressure sore
previously known as a
decubitus ulcer or bedsore
an open ulcerated wound
that is caused by prolonged
pressure on an area of skin.
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Birthmarks
Capillary hemangioma (KAP-uh-ler-ee hee-manjee-OH-mah),
also known as a strawberry birthmark,
is a soft, raised, pink or red vascular birthmark
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
General Skin Conditions
Psoriasis
(soh-RYE-uh-sis)
common skin disorder
characterized by flare-
ups in which red
papules covered with
silvery scales occur on
the elbows, knees,
scalp, back, or
buttocks
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
General Skin Conditions
Xeroderma
(zee-roh-DER-mah)
also known as xerosis,
is excessively dry skin
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Parasitic Skin Infestations
Pediculosis
(pee-dick-you-LOH-sis)
an infestation with lice
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Parasitic Skin Infestations
Scabies
(SKAY-beez)
skin infection caused by an
infestation of itch mites
Scabies mite infestation on wrist and arm
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Skin Growths
Keloid (KEE-loid) Nevus (NEE-vus)
an abnormally raised or thickened also known as a mole, is a small,
scar that expands beyond the dark, skin growth that develops from
boundaries of the original incision melanocytes in the skin
Pathology of the Integumentary System:
Skin Cancer
Basal cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the basal cell
layer of the epidermis.
Squamous cell carcinoma
(SKWAY-mus)
Originates as a malignant tumor
of the scaly squamous cells of the
epithelium; however, it can
quickly spread to other body
systems.
Diagnostic Procedures of the
Integumentary System: Biopsy
A biopsy (BYE-op-see) is the removal of a small piece of living tissue for
examination to confirm or establish a diagnosis
Incisional biopsy
a piece, but not all, of the
tumor or lesion is removed.
Excisional biopsy
the entire tumor or lesion and
a margin of surrounding tissue
are removed
Treatment Procedures of Integumentary System:
Tissue Removal
Cauterization Cryosurgery (krye-oh-SIR-jur-ee)
(kaw-ter-eye-ZAY-zhun)
the destruction or elimination of
the destruction of tissue by abnormal tissue cells, such as warts or
burning. tumors, through the application of
extreme cold by using liquid nitrogen
Treatment Procedures of Integumentary System:
Cosmetic Procedures
Blepharoplasty (BLEF-ah-roh-plas-tee),
also known as a lid lift, is the surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids
by removing sagging skin
Treatment Procedures of Integumentary System:
Cosmetic Procedures
Liposuction (LIP-oh-suck-shun)
also known as suction-assisted lipectomy, is the
surgical removal of fat beneath the skin with the
aid of suction.
Liposuction aspirate
Treatment Procedures of Integumentary System:
Cosmetic Procedures
Rhytidectomy
(rit-ih-DECK-toh-mee)
also known as a facelift,
the surgical removal of
excess skin and fat from
the face to eliminate
wrinkles
Treatment Procedures of Integumentary System:
Cosmetic Procedures
Sclerotherapy (sklehr-oh-THER-ah-pee)
the treatment of spider veins by injecting a saline sclerosing solution into the
vein. This solution irritates the tissue, causing the veins to collapse and
disappear.
END OF LECTURE
