URIT

URIT-5250/5260/5261
5-Part-Diff Auto
Hematology Analyzer

Service Manual

URIT Me di ca l Ele ctr on ic Co .,L td .

 CONTENTS
COPYRIGHT AND DECLARATION...........................................................................................I

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 1

1.1 FRONT VIEW.................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 REAR VIEW...................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 FUNDAMENTALS OF TEST................................................................................................ 2
1.3.1 Cell Counting Principle of Electrical impedance................................................ 2
1.4 WBC CLASSIFICATION PRINCIPLE.................................................................................3
1.4.1 Optical Classification Principle.............................................................................4
1.5 RBC TEST PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE.................................................... 5
1.5.1 Test Principle of Total Number of RBC................................................................5
1.5.2 Test Principle of RBC Indexes...............................................................................5
1.6 TEST PRINCIPLE OF PLT.................................................................................................5
1.7 TEST PRINCIPLE OF HGB............................................................................................... 6

CHAPTER 2 PRECAUTIONS................................................................................................... 7

2.1 EXTERNAL FACTORS........................................................................................................7

2.1.1 VOLTAGE PROBLEMS...........................................................................................................7
2.1.2 Electromagnetic Interference........................................................................................7
2.1.3 Temperature....................................................................................................................7
2.2 DISPLAY REQUIREMENTS................................................................................................ 7
2.3 BOOT NOTES.................................................................................................................... 7
2.4 BLOOD SAMPLING AND TESTING.................................................................................... 8

CHAPTER 3 CIRCUIT............................................................................................................... 9

3.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 9
3.1.1 Circuit frames......................................................................................................... 9
3.1.2 Optical acquisition board.................................................................................... 12
3.1.3 CPU board.............................................................................................................13
3.1.4 AMP board............................................................................错误！未定义书签。
3.1.5 ADFIFO Board..................................................................................................... 15
3.1.6 Solenoid Valve Board........................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
3.1.7 Vacuum Board...................................................................................................... 17
3.1.8 MOTORDRIVE board........................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
3.1.9 PMT AMP board..................................................................错误！未定义书签。
3.1.10 LMS Counting Board...........................................................................................20
3.1.11 Amp Power Board (Analog Power Board).........................................................20
3.1.12 Power Adapter Board...........................................................................................21
3.1.13 Liquid Optocoupler Detection Plate...................................错误！未定义书签。

CHAPTER 4 FLOW SYSTEM.................................................................................................22

4.1 SYRINGE MODULE......................................................................................................... 22

4.2 SAMPLE CUP.................................................................................................................. 24
4.3 FLOW DIAGRAM.............................................................................................................25
 Contents

4.3.1 Flow System of Pressure Module........................................................................ 25

4.3.2 Optical Flow System.............................................................................................27
4.3.3 Impedance Flow System...................................................................................... 27

CHAPTER 5 OPTICAL SYSTEM........................................................................................... 29

5.1 OPTICAL STRUCTURE.................................................................................................... 29

CHAPTER 6 TEST.................................................................................................................... 30

6.1 VALVE TEST....................................................................................................................30

6.2 GAIN ADJUSTMENT........................................................................................................ 30
6.2.1 Gain Adjustment of RBC.....................................................................................31
6.2.2 PLT Gain Adjustment.......................................................................................... 32
6.3 MOTOR TEST..................................................................................................................33
6.4 VALUE MODIFICATION...................................................................................................34
6.5 OPTICAL DEBUGGING.................................................................................................... 34
6.6 SOFTWARE UPGRADE.....................................................................................................35
6.7 SOFTWARE RESTARTING................................................................................................35
6.8 SKIP SELF-CHECKING.................................................................................................... 36

CHAPTER 7 UPGRADE PROCESS....................................................................................... 37

7.1 UPGRADE PROCESS OF FLOW PROGRAM.....................................................................37

7.1.1 Upgrade Process................................................................................................... 37
7.2 BIOS UPGRADE............................................................................................................. 39

CHAPTER 8 TROUBLESHOOTING..................................................................................... 43

8.1 OPTICAL FAULT..............................................................................................................43

8.1.1 Stains on Sheath flow regulator.......................................................................... 43
8.1.2 Stains on Image Forming Lens............................................................................44
8.2 STAINS ON IMAGE FORMING LENS...............................................................................45
 Copyright and Declaration
We owns the copyright of this unpublicized issued manual, and has right to handle as
secret information. This manual just used as reference for operation, maintenance and
service of our product. Other personnel has no right to publish this manual.
This manual includes special information protected by copyright law. Copyright
reserved, prohibit copy and transmit any content of this manual against not through written
agreement by us.
We don’t make any formally guarantee for this manual, including (but not limit to)
implied guarantee responsibility on marketability and propriety lodged for certain purpose.
We without responsibility for the error included in this manual and indirectly & abiogenetic
damage that is caused by actual representation & usage provided by this manual.
Content in the manual can be changed without giving notice.
Applicable models: URIT-5250,URIT-5260,URIT-5261

Our obligation
We only responsible for instrument security, reliability and capability under following
condition
Performed assemble, extend, re-debugging, improve and repair by our authorized
personnel.
Relevant wiring equipment accord with national standard.
Use the analyzer according to this service manual.
NOTE
This analyzer cannot be used in family.
WARNING
If each hospital or institution that is responsible for using this instrument cannot
realize a set of satisfactory service procedure, will cause deviant invalidation of instrument,
even jeopardize to health of human body.
Nowadays, We provide relevant technical information conditionally when customer
request. In addition, narrate calibration method and other information through list to help
eligible technician to repair our instrument.

I
 Copyright and Declaration

Guarantee
Manufacturer techniques and material
We guarantees automated hematology analyzer no techniques and material problem
within one year from shipping day if under normal use and maintenance.
Free service
Our obligation under this guarantee not include freight and other fare, not responsible
for direct, indirect and ultimate damage & delay caused by following condition: improper
use, replaced accessories or repaired by personnel not authorized by us.
This guarantee is not applicable for following items: instrument which is not through
maintenance or already broken, We original nameplate or is replaced or tore off, our other
product.
Security, reliability and run status
If following conditions occur, We are not responsible for the security, reliability and run
status of the analyzer
Disassembly, stretch and re-debugging,
Serviced or changed not by our authorized personnel .
Send back instrument
If it’s needed to send back the instrument, please contact with distributor to get
detailed information, inform the analyzer serial number which marked on nameplate, we
will not accept if S/N cannot be identified. Please mark instrument No. and S/N, briefly
state the reason on sending back instrument.
Freight: if send back instrument for service, purchaser bears the freight (including
custom fare)

Version: 04/2015

II
 Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Front View

Indicator:
Blue: whole blood
standby
Green: diluent
standby
Orange: work
Red: Fault

Figure1-1 Front View

Count key switch
1.2 Rear View

internal structure of the rear panel

Cooling fan

nameplate

Figure1-2 Rear View Ground column

1
 Chapter 1 Introduction

1.3 Fundamentals of Test

URIT-52 series analyzers achieve WBC differential count with 4 angle laser light
scattering technique and obtains the blood cell analysis via three independent detection
channels.
1) WBC/DIFF channels: achieves WBC count and classification with laser light
scattering technology in the WOC. Complete WBC count and classification in
one channel.
2) HGB channels: Hemoglobin testing by Colorimetry
3) RBC/PLT channels: RBC and PLT counting by Electrical impedance

1.3.1 Cell Counting Principle of Electrical impedance

Electrical impedance of red blood cells (RBC) count principle which is based on the
principle of non-conductive causes resistance change when blood cell granules in diluents
go through the aperture. Take it as the basis for testing to count RBC and determine its
column.

Constant current source

Counting chamber

External electrodes
Internal electrodes
Outer chamber
Inner chamber

Cell suspension Aperture

Figure1-3 Electrical impedance

Inner and outer electrodes are placed inside and outside the room in the counting
chamber. The two chambers are separated by a ruby aperture with a diameter of 68μm.
The rear chamber is filled with a certain concentration of cell suspension, and the front
chamber is filled with diluents.
The cell conductivity which is lower than diluents conductivity is the relative poor
conductor. When a cell granules in front chamber goes through the aperture, it generates
an instantaneous pulse voltage between inner and outer electrodes. The number of
pulses is proportional to the number of cells. Pulse height is proportional to the size of

2
 Chapter 1 Introduction

the cell volume. Under the influence of negative pressure, a certain capacity of the cells
will continue through the aperture, thereby generating a series of pulses. Send to count for
obtaining a certain volume of total cells by pulse signals amplification, threshold
adjustment, identification, shaping and A / D conversion. (See Figure 1-3)）

1.4 WBC Classification Principle

URIT-52 series analyzers not only calculate the overall amount of WBC, but also offer
graphics leukocyte distribution - the scatter plot.（See Figure 1-4）

Monocytes
Neutrophils

Hidden Eosinophils
Cells Eosinophils

Basophils
Lymphocytes

Figure1-4 Scatter Plot

When doing a normal human blood test by URIT 5-Part-Diff Auto Hematology
analyzer, scatter plots of most of samples should be like the above figure. There’s clear
cell grouping. In DIFF channel, the gray part which is the shadow cell area is the reflection
in the scatter plot after the RBC dissolved in the sheath. (some people has it and some do
not have it.) the green is the lymphocytes, pink area is the mononuclear cells, blue area is
the neutrophils, white area is the basophils group and the red area is the eosinophil group.
There are obvious visible boundaries between each area. Cells with the same color come
into group, and cells with different color separates.

3
 Chapter 1 Introduction

1.4.1 Optical Classification Principle

Figure 1-5 Optical Schematic

Classification principles
0 ° rake angle light scattering (1 ° ~ 3 °) Roughly determine cell size
90 ° polarization extinction scattering (70 ° ~ 110 °), based on the characteristics of
polarized laser vertical angle depolarization, separates the eosinophils from neutrophils
and other cells.
10 ° narrow angle light scattering (7 ° ~ 11 °) tests cell structure and relative
characteristics of complexity.
It can be simply understood as: 0 ° reflects the volume, 90 ° reflect lobocytes situation,
10 °reflects both of above mentioned information.

Figure 1-6 WBC Feature Comparison

Steps of WBC classification
STEP 1: with a 90 ° angle to distinguish lobocytes cells and monocytes get two
categories, namely, 1 neutrophils and eosinophils (lobocytes cells) 2 monocytes and
lymphoid and basophils (monocytes).
4
 Chapter 1 Introduction

STEP 2: With a 90 ° polarization distinguish eosinophils and neutrophils.

STEP 3: According to the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and cell size, with 0°and
10°distinguish basophils from lymphoid and mononuclear cells.
STEP 4: According to the size, with 0 °distinguish monocytes and lymphatic.

1.5 RBC Test Principle of Electrical Impedance

1.5.1 Test Principle of Total Number of RBC

In RBC count chamber as shown in Figure1-3, cells arranged in a certain capacity go

through aperture (68μm) under the negative pressure. Pulse is formed during this
process. The total number and average volume of RBC are obtained according to pulse
size and height. The RBC volume distribution histogram is shown in Figure 1-7.
Normally, ratio of number of RBC and WBC is approximately 750:1, so it can ignore
factors caused by WBC as testing the RBC. However, in some special pathological
conditions, such as leukemia simultaneously with blood disease, may cause abnormal
RBC count.

Figure1-7 RBC Atlas

1.5.2 Test Principle of RBC Indexes

HCT=(MCV × RBC) /10. According to the relevant algorithm, the MCH and MCHC
can be derived by RBC, MCV and HGB. RDW is obtained as testing RBC number and
volume differences, which reflects the outer periphery of RBC volume heterogeneity.
RDW which reflects the extent of RBC sizes has clinical significance for diagnosis of
anemia.

1.6 Test Principle of PLT

Platelet (PLT) and RBC are tested in the same counting chamber. The analyzer
respectively counts it according to different thresholds. (See Figure 1-8)
PLT data stores in 64 channels in 2 ~ 30fL.

5
 Chapter 1 Introduction

Figure1-8 PLT Atlas

PDW is obtained according to the histogram and computer processing. MPV is the
groups arithmetic average volume of PLT histogram curve. Normal MPV and PLT
amounts is non-linear negative correlation. PCT is drawn through the MPV and PLT.

1.7 Test Principle of HGB

Hemoglobin (HGB) and WIC counts in the same cup. Lyse destroys RBC and the
HGB is dissolved out. Colorimetric assay in specific wavelength (540nm) in counting
chamber, absorbance change is proportional to HGB content in liquid. HGB test results is
obtained by correlation algorithm.

6
 Chapter 2 Precautions
2.1 External Factors

2.1.1 Voltage

To ensure the normal work and stable test, the analyzer uses 220V power input.
High-precision automatic AC power supply should be installed as the electric supply is
unstable. If intermittent power outages happens frequently, please install the UPS
uninterruptible power supply, so as to avoid damage to the power and circuit board.

2.1.2 Electromagnetic Interference

Acquisition signal is very weak, external interference may cause abnormal data
Therefore, it’s recommended connecting with ground wire to avoid affecting the test
results by interference signal. Away from the equipments generated interference signals,
such as monitors, copiers, centrifuges and X-ray detector.

2.1.3 Temperature

The required operating temperature is 15 ℃ ~35 ℃ . Temperature is too low which

affects the reagents and test data. The most common is that hemolysis becomes slow
because of low temperature, resulting in unusually high of WBC and HGB. PLT
aggregates together because of low temperature, which makes low PLT data.

2.2 Placement Requirements

1、 Place the analyzer and reagents in the same horizontal plane to ensure reagent
can be quickly added into the analyzer.
2、 Waste containers should be placed on the ground. (Avoid waste overflowing)
3、 Insert the reagent connectors. Diluents connect with the blue one, lyse connects
with the red one, detergent connects with the green one and sheath connects
with the yellow one.
Note: The analyzer is a precision optical instruments, pay attention to dust
when used.

2.3 Boot Notes

1. Check whether the tubing connector of flow system looses or cracks. If so,
please deal with it before boot.
2. After boot, check whether there’s abnormal sound or smell, the screen display is
7
 Chapter 2 Precautions

normal or not. If so, please shut down the analyzer immediately and check it.

3. Check whether the screen display and program initialization is normal. Enter
sample test interface if it’s normal.

2.4 Blood Sampling and Test

There are two sample test modes, which are whole blood and diluent.
1. Whole blood sampling: collecting human blood by vacuum blood collection. The
anticoagulant in the collection tube anticoagulats the blood sample.
2. Diluent sampling: collecting human peripheral blood with blood collection, such
as fingers, ears and so on.
3. Whole blood test: in Test interface, inject sample probe into the anticoagulant
tube and then click START to test.
4. Diluent test: diluent is discharged from sample probe into tube. Collect and inject
20μL peripheral blood into the tube and mix it. Place this tube under the sample
tube and click START to start testing.

※Note: avoid squeezing when collecting peripheral blood so as not to extrude tissue
fluid or aggregate PLT, which may affects PLT counting. Needle goes a little bit
deeper when collecting peripheral blood. Do not collect first drop of blood as
sample.

8
 Chapter 3 Circuit
The circuit consists of switch mode power supply (SMPS), CPU board, ADFIFO
board, AMP board, MOTORDRIVE board, VAC board, photovoltaic acquisition board,
power adapter plate, SENSOR board, Amp Power board (analog power supply board),
COM_USB INTERFACE board, MRFC500 board, PMT AMP board, LMS board, VALVE
DRIVE board, PMT-HV board and LED_LOCK board.

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Circuit frames Optical module

Card reader

Sampling
unit

Count button
Syringe

Figure3-1 Front View

9
 Chapter 3 Circuit

Card
reader

Sampling LMS board

unit

Syringe
assembly

transducer
Reagent
interfaces

Figure3-2 Right Side View

VAC
board CPU
board
Reserved USB port

Reserved COM2 port

COM1 port

Connect the
power supply

Dual Power
Switching Power
Supply

Figure3-3 Left Door

10
 Chapter 3 Circuit

Laser
PMT AMP board

Photovoltaic
panel

Sheath flow regulator

Figure3-4 Plan View

Optical module
Samplin
VALVE
g unit
MOTORDRIVE board DRIVE board

ADFIFO
board

Power
adapter
plate

Amp Power board AMP board

Figure3-5 The Front

11
 Chapter 3 Circuit

internal structure of rear

panel

Cooling fan

Nameplate Ground column

Figure3-6 The Rear

P2 pressure
chamber

PS1(Positive
pressure 1)

Syringe
module

Vacuum Vacuum Vacuum

pumpV31 pumpV19 pumpV30

Figure3-7 Internal Structure of Rear Panel

3.1.2 Photovoltaic Acquisition Board

Collect optics 0 ° and 90 ° laser signal and convert it into an analog signal to ADFIFO
board.

12
 Chapter 3 Circuit

Voltage detection
point in blank test

Figure3-8 Photovoltaic Acquisition Board

3.1.3 CPU board

CPU board which is responsible for system logic control provides various parameters
and executes the command. See Figure3-9.

13
 Chapter 3 Circuit

LED_LOCK board Connect AMP board Connect ADFIFO board

Connect
D+5V

V17-V24
COM1
port
V25-V32

Connect
reagent sensor
V9-V16
board

V1-V8

MOTORDRIVE
board

SENSOR board（SEN） LMS board VAC board（SV）

Figure3-9 CPU board

3.1.4 AMP board

AMP board amplifies and processes weak cellular signal of sample cups and adjusts
it to the appropriate signal to the ADFIFO board for data conversion.

14
 Chapter 3 Circuit
Connect ADFIFO
CPU board
board

Offer +/-12v,5V

HGB
Interface
Offer AC100V
burning, DC100V
constant current
source
WBC
transducer
Figure3-10 AMP board RBC
transducer
3.1.5 ADFIFO Board

It’s mainly used for A / D digital-analog conversion. Analog signals connected by AMP
board and optical system is converted to a digital signal via ADFIFO board transferring to
the CPU board.

0° 10° 90° 90°D

Connect AMP Interface
Interfac Interface Interface
board
e

Flashing lights in
normal work

Connect CPU board

Connect ±
12V

Figure3-11 ADFIFO Board

Connect D+5V
15 Connect A+5V
 Chapter 3 Circuit

NOTE: D+5V refers to the 5V offered via power adapter plate, A+5V refers to the 5V
offered via Amp Power board, and A+/-12V refers to the 12V offered via Amp Power
board.

3.1.5.1 ADFIFO Board Test Points

3
13
4

5 12

7
11
8

9 10

Figure3-12 Test Points of ADFIFO Board

1. WBC test point 2. HGB test point 3. RBC test point 4. PLT test point
5. 0°test point 6. 10°test point 7. 90°test point 8. 90°D test point
9. A+12V test point（the lights lit on standby） 10. AGND test point
11. A-12V test point 12. A+5V Indicator 13. D+5V Indicator

3.1.6 VALVE DRIVE board

VALVE DRIVE board controls valve switches in flow system and changes flow
direction, which ensures unblocked flow system.

16
 Chapter 3 Circuit

Connect CPU board

Connect
DC12V

Figure3-13 VALVE DRIVE Board

3.1.7 VAC Board

VAC board which is responsible for controlling the vacuum pump tests reservoir, the
waste chamber, vacuum accumulator and internal pressure of pressure tank. （ See
Figure3-14）

17
 Chapter 3 Circuit

W1（Waste 1）

PS1（Positive pressure 1）

P2 pressure chamber

Connect CPU board

Connect DC12V

Figure3-14 VAC Board

3.1.8 MOTORDRIVE board

MOTORDRIVE board is mainly responsible for the movement of each syringe

movement and sampling unit, and testing whether the syringes and sampling unit are in
place.

18
 Chapter 3 Circuit

Optocoupler SF

Optocoupler SE

Optocoupler SD

Optocoupler SC

ME Longitudinal motor of sampling Optocoupler SB

unit
Optocoupler SA

MA MB MC MD Traverse motor of MF Motor

Motor Motor Motor sampling unit

Figure3-15 MOTORDRIVE Board

3.1.9 PMT AMP board

PMT AMP board which provides DC600V hypertension to photomultiplier (PMT) has
a direct affect towards classification of optics 90 ° and 90 ° D. Measurement method is to
measure interface voltage of PMT directly (DC600V), or measure shield voltage of last
stitch of ADFIFO board connector interface (DC6V). (See Figure3-16)

shield voltage of
last stitch of
ADFIFO board
connector interface
(DC6V)

DC600V ， connect
PMT
Connect
PMT base

Figure3-16 PMT AMP Board

19
 Chapter 3 Circuit

3.1.10 LMS Board

start optocoupler in
start optocoupler in RBC
WBC count
count

End optocoupler in RBC adjustable potentiometer

count in whole blood and
diluent

End optocoupler in WBC

count in whole blood and
diluent

Figure 3-17 LMS Board

NOTE: as there no liquid in the glass tubes, the test point voltage TEST1-TEST4 should
be adjusted within the range DC2.9V ± 0.1V, otherwise it may give a false alarm of
plugging, bubbles or no reagents.

3.1.11 Amp Power Board (Analog Power Board)

Offer +/-12V Offer +5V

+12V input Offer +/-12V, 5V Offer AC100V Cauterize,

DC100Vconstant current source
Figure 3-18 Amp Power Board
20
 Chapter 3 Circuit

3.1.12 Power Adapter Board

24V/12V

5V/12V input 5V input GND 12V input

Figure 3-19 Power Adapter Board

3.1.13 SENSOR Board

SEN

S1 S11 S1 S9 S8 S7

Figure 3-20 SENSOR Board

21
 Chapter 4 Flow System
Frame diagram of flow system in front view is shown as below.

Diluents reservoir
Syringe module
Interfaces
of optical
system

syringe Reagents
Interfaces

LMS board

Sampling unit
Sample cup

Figure4-1 Frame diagram of flow system

4.1 Syringe Module

As shown in Figure 4-2, the main function of it is cleaning, counting, priming, sample
dilution and offering diluents and power sources. The circuit board provides DC12V to
the motor.
Syringe module consists of a small syringe, sampling syringe, dilution syringe, motors,
seals and other components. Three kinds of syringe can be individually disassembled for
easy replacement of the entire syringe, or replace seals.
Motor of syringe module is installed in the rear of the syringe, which avoids electrical
corrode damaged caused by syringe leak.

22
 Chapter 4 Flow System

Sampling and
distinguishing

Prime detergent

Prime lyse

Prime sheath

Figure4-2 Front View of Syringe Module

Figure4-3 Rear View of Syringe Module

NOTE: sampling and distinguishing syringe and lyse syringe use a same motor MA.

23
 Chapter 4 Flow System

4.2 Sample Cup

As shown in Figure 4-4, sample cup components which is the counting sensor of the
analyzer is the most front-end detection element of data acquisition.
Functionally, the sample cup consists of inner and outer electrodes, front and rear
chambers and ruby aperture.
Measure RBC and PLT parameters via Coulter principle (electrical impedance
principle). In the sample cup, the circuit provides a constant current through diluted
conductive liquid in cell counting. As cells go through aperture, the loop resistance
changes. Cells with different volume produce electrical pulses with different amplitudes,
so cells volume and numbers can be calculated.
WOC mixing cup which is used to mix the sample and sheath inject the mixed liquid
into the Sheath flow regulator via syringe for optical WBC 5-diff- part counting.

WBC Cup

RBC Cup
WOC Mixing
cup

HGB test

Figure4-4 Sample Cup

24
 Chapter 4 Flow System

4.3 Flow Diagram

Figure4-5 Flow Diagram

4.3.1 Flow System of Pressure Module

Flow system of pressure module is responsible for providing pressure of 160KPa and
78KPa, pumps reagent to the liquid reservoir and supplies it to the analyzer for cleaning
25
 Chapter 4 Flow System

and counting and form sheath flow effect. See Figure4-6.

Used to mix
the blood
sample and
diluent

Sample cup

Figure4-6 Flow System of Pressure Module

1) PS1 and P2 are positive pressure tanks. PS1 which offers 160KPa pressure is used to
form sheath flow effect and discharges waste. P2 which offers 110KPa pressure is used
to release bubble and mixes liquid. W1 negative pressure tank （waste tank） which
offers 78KPa is used to count dynamics of passing through ruby aperture and drain
liquid in the cups. S12 liquid reservoir is used to store diluents.
2) E1, E2 and E3 respectively connect with pressure sensor for controlling and monitoring
the pressure of tank (110KPa, 160KPa and 78KPa).
3) V14 is used to provide positive pressure, P1(V30) is used to provide negative
pressure.
4) V15, when the pressure in PS1 positive pressure tank or in P2 mixed pressure
chamber is not enough, the negative pressure pump starts to work for pressure
supplement.
5) V20 is used to switch tubing for P1(V30) absorbing liquid for S12, or draining waste in
W1.
6) V23 is used to adjust pressure (110KPa) in P2.

26
 Chapter 4 Flow System

4.3.2 Optical Flow System

Figure4-7 Optical Flow System

Process explanation on sheath liquid channel (optical flow system)

1) Absorb 24μl whole blood sample via MA syringe, sample probe moves to the top of the
WOC transducer and discharges 14μl blood. MF syringe drops down, V9 opens, MF
syringe is pushed up and inserts sheath. V4 makes bubble making the sheath and
blood mix together.
2) Open V3 and V7, W1 absorbs mixed sample in WOC transducer and filled with tubing
of V3 and V7.
3) Open V6 and V2 and close V8. PS1 pushes the diluent in S12 into the sheath flow
regulator.
4) Close V3 and V7, MC syringe pushes liquid between V3 and V7 into sheath flow
regulator.
5) V2 is used to drain the tested mixing liquid.
6) V1 opening is used to drain diluent.

4.3.3 Impedance Flow System

Process explanation on impedance flow system ( see Figure4-8）

1) Absorb 24μl whole blood sample via MA syringe, sample probe moves to the top of the
WOC transducer and discharges 14μl blood. Discharge 10μl blood in WBC cup. MB
motor drops down and absorbs diluent. V11 and V13 open, MB syringe moves
upwards and inserts diluent into WBC transducer.
2) V21 opens and mixes blood in WBC transducer. MA syringe drops down and absorbs
the 18μl diluted blood in WBC into RBC transducer. V11 opens, MB syringe moves
upwards and inserts diluents into RBC transducer, making the blood double diluting.
27
 Chapter 4 Flow System

3) V24 opens and mixes the double diluted blood. V27 and V28 open and connect with
78KP negative pressure, and start to count WIC and RBC.
4) V22 and V29 start to work and connect with waste pump, cleaning rear chamber via
negative pressure.
5) V10 and V29 are used to clean outer-wall of sample probe.
6) V23 is used to release pressure in waste chamber.
7) V17 and V18 simultaneous opening is to drain liquid in glass tubes.

Figure4-8 Impedance Flow System

28
 Chapter 5 Optical System
5.1 Optical Structure

Components of the optical system is shown below.

Figure5-1 Components of the Optical System

NOTE: please refer to Optical module installation file (2014.09.01) for details.

29
 Chapter 6 Test
6.1 Valve Test

Click ‘Service’ in Count interface, click ‘1111’ and ‘OK’ to enter valve test interface.
click valve number shown in below figure, the corresponding valve makes action. V24,
V25, V28 and V29 cannot be test.

Constant
current
source
switch

Figure6-1 Valve Test

6.2 Gain Adjustment

Click ‘Service’ in Count interface, input ‘4444’ to enter gain adjustment interface.
Input the value in the box at the right side of the need-to-be changed item and
press ’Enter’. Click ‘Save’ at the bottom lest corner and exit. Please see the following
figures for details.

30
 Chapter 6 Test

Two pages

The larger the value is, the

smaller the gain is.

HGB Voltage adjustment

press ‘Ctrl+H’ to see HGB voltage,

press it again to shut it up.

Figure6-2 the First Page of Gain Adjustment

The larger the

value is, the
stronger the
force is.

Figure6-3 the Second Page of Gain Adjustment

6.2.1 Gain Adjustment of RBC

Check the RBC gain after testing by control material ( see Figure 6-4), if it’s within QC
requirements, there’s no need to adjust it. If not, please adjust it in gain adjustment
interface. Click ‘Service’ in Test interface, input ‘4444’ and click first page （see Figure6-2
RBC_AMP_SET）. Input those needed-to-be-changed value in the blank box at the right
side and press ‘Enter’. Click ‘Save’ before exit. Then do QC and check whether the RBC
31
 Chapter 6 Test

gain is within reference range. If not, please modify it again till the gain in the reference
range.

Target value of
RBC gain
adjustment

Figure6-4 RBC Gain Adjustment

6.2.2 PLT Gain Adjustment

The specialized PLT QC is needed in PLT gain adjustment. The analyzer has been
adjusted before it leaves the factory.
Adjust the PLT gain as changing the AMP board. Do a sample test and adjust the PLT
gain which should be the same as it before changing.
Test with specialized PLT QC as debugging, press “CTRL+F6” to pop up the dialog
box of PLT adjustment. Enter 4444 to adjust PLT gain value, making the peak of PLT is
7.4-8.0. See figure 6-5.

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 Chapter 6 Test

Peak of PLT: 7.4-8.0

Figure6-5 PLT Gain Adjustment

6.3 Motor Test

Click ‘Service’ in software count interface and input ‘5555’ to enter motor test.

Probe distance in Horizontal motor steps from

WOC transducer sampling to WOC transducer

Horizontal motor steps from

Probe distance in
WOC transducer to WIC
RBC transducer
transducer

Probe distance in
WIC transducer

Horizontal motor steps

from WIC transducer to
RBC transducer

Figure6-6 Motor Test

If motor parameter modification is needed, please input the value in the blank

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 Chapter 6 Test

box at the right side of corresponding parameter. Press ‘Enter’ to make your
modification succeed.
If motor test is needed, please input your value to the left side box and press ‘Enter’,
then the motor starts to work.

6.4 Value Modification

Choose and double click the value in Test or Query interface to pop up the interface
shown as in Figure6-7, and input new value in the chosen box.

Figure6-7 Value Modification

6.5 Optical Debugging

Click ‘Service’, input ‘3333’ and press ‘Enter’ to go into optical debugging interface.
See Figure 6-8.

Figure6-8 Optical Debugging

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 Chapter 6 Test

NOTE: please take reference to Optical Module Installation & Debugging

(2014.09.01) for details.

6.6 Other Calibration

Click ‘Service’, input ‘3333’ and press ‘Enter’ to go into “Others”. The P_LCR, MON%,
EOS% and BASO% can be calibrated here.

Figure 6-9 Others

6.7 Software Upgrade

Software installation procedure is as Figure6-8：

Figure6-10 Software Installation

Double-click to run the installation program, install the software to the path in
Figure6-9. In most cases, this default path is appropriate.（D：\Program Files\UT5250）

Figure6-11 Installation Path

6.8 Software Restarting

Click ‘ ’ to pop up dialog box as shown in Figure 6-12. Click ‘Exit’ to exit the
program. Click software icon on your desktop to restart the software.

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 Chapter 6 Test

Figure6-12 Exit the Program

6.9 Skipping Self-checking

It’s usually needed to restart the computer, the analyzer and the software in
maintenance. Press ‘Ctrl+F12’ as the interface shown in Figure6-13 comes out to skip
self-checking.

Figure6-13 Skipping Self-checking

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process
7.1 Upgrade Process of Flow Program

7.1.1 Upgrade Process

1、 Copy the flow process folder to the computer.

2、 Double click ‘HCL_MODEL’, see Figure 7-1.

Figure7-1 Upgrading Software Icon

3、 Double click this icon and pop up the following interface. click ‘Download’.

Figure7-2 Upgrading Interface

4、 Choose right serial, then the indicator on the right lights, or, it’s grey. （ See
Figure7-3）

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

Right serial, indicator lights, or it’s grey

double click
upgrading
Input the ID of
program
upgrading program

Figure7-3 Download Interface

5、 Click ‘Batch Download’ to upgrade all programs. Do remember to backup
parameters of ‘4444’ and ‘5555’. If upgrading signal program, click ‘Query’ to
find it’s ID and then click ‘Cancel’ to exit. Double click the upgrading program,
input found ID, click ‘Download’ and then restart the analyzer.

Files name and

corresponding

Figure7-4 ID Query Interface

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

7.2 BIOS Upgrade

Double click and the dialog box（see Figure7-5） pops up. Click
‘Configuration’ , the baud rate should be 115200, and the COM port should match with
the computer. Click ‘OK’ and exit.（See Figure7-6）

Figure7-5 BIOS Upgrade

Figure7-6 Baud Rate and Serial Selection

Choose ‘Connect’ in , and then choose ‘ASC mode’ in .

（See Figure7-7）

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

Figure7-7 BIOS Upgrade

Press ‘1’ to choose , and choose ‘Transmit’ in

（ see Figure7-8 ） to find ‘UT5500_BIOS’. Double click it and pop up the

following interface.

Figure7-8 BIOS Files Selection

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

Double click ‘UT5500_BIOS’ to see Figure7-9.

Figure7-9 Downloading

comes out as downloading finished . Pressing

‘N’ means no running. Input ‘2’ and choose ,
see following figure.

Figure7-10 BIOS Upgrade

Press ‘0’ to choose , input ‘Y’ to finish

upgrading（see Figure7-11）, exit and then restart the analyzer.

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

Figure7-11 BIOS Upgrading

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting
8.1 Optical Troubleshooting

8.1.1 Stains on Sheath Flow Regulator

Wrong optical classification, it cannot be clearly classified the blood sample to 3 cell
populations. Please measure the 0°optical background voltage. Measurement method
please see Figure8-1.

Connect the
Connect black pen of
the red pen multimeter
of
multimeter

Figure8-1 Measurement method

Connect with multimeter and use DC, if the displayed voltage is within 1V, it’s
considered to be qualified. The background voltage may be a little bit high because of
stains on the lens. Remove the Sheath flow regulator so as not to irradiated by laser.（See
Figure8-2） If the voltage is over 300mV, for example, the voltage is 2.3V as laser going
through the Sheath flow regulator, and voltage is 800mV as moving the Sheath flow
regulator away. Therefore, the outer-wall or inner-wall of Sheath flow regulator is
determined to be stained. Wipe around with a clean cloth and place it back and check the
voltage again. If it’s within 1.1V, which can be determined the outer-wall stained. If it has
not obvious changes, it may inner-wall stained. Open the green and black connectors of
optical flow interface, drain liquid in Sheath flow regulator via syringe inserted into green
connector and inject probe detergent which flows out from black connector, soak it for a
while and then do the background voltage test till getting approximately same voltage.
（See Figure8-3）

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure8-2 Remove Sheath flow regulator

Figure8-3 Soak Inner-wall of Sheath Flow Regulator

8.1.2 Stains on Image Forming Lens

Make optical background voltage test, if it’s pretty high ( 5.6V in multimeter and 5.4V
as moving the Sheath flow regulator away), it can be determined to be image forming
mirror stained. Remove the image forming mirror, screw down the socket head cap
screws, unscrew the clamping ring, take the lens out and wipe it. Do not unscrew the set
screw and adjusting nut. (see Figure8-4)
Clean up the two lens and put them face to face (convex to convex). Then place lens
into lens barrel and tighten the clamping ring. Test the background voltage till it drops to
1V. As installing the image forming lens, please making it as close to the Sheath flow
regulator. The light spot falls onto the strip light bar which is behind the WOC, when
laser passing through the image forming lens. (See Figure8-5) Fine tuning the mirror 1
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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

level knob (lower left corner), multimeter voltage displays maximum value is better. Fine
tuning the mirror 2 level knob (top right corner), multimeter voltage displays minimum
value is better.

Figure8-4 Optical Assembly Structure

Figure8-5 Strip-type Diaphragm

8.2 Stains on Image Forming Lens

When the sheath flow regulator loosens or falls off, please open the front shell and
the shield. If there’s liquid in the sheath flow regulator, please change the sheath flow
regulator or bond it again. Unplug the tubing of sheath flow regulator, unscrew the fixing
screw, move the sheath flow regulator away and take it out. Change a new sheath flow
regulator and make the reflected light (the highlight) shining into the laser transmit
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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

aperture. Make sample test in 3333. Fine tuning 0° and 10° knobs to make cell test
value maximum. (see Figure8-6）

Figure8-6 Total Number of Signal

Adjust to direction of 90 °, unplug 90 °, 90 ° D signal lines in the ADFIFO board or
open PMT tube shield. Irradiate vertically against sheath flow regulator by the flashlight
after turning off the power. There shall be two large black vertical lines onto the slit.（see
Figure8-7）

Figure8-7 Slit Straight Line Projection

Irradiate towards left or right 15 ° angle, the straight lines become arcs, just like
"brackets" shape. These two arcs should be tangent.（see Figure8-8）

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure8-8 Brackets Projection

If not, please loosen the cut-nail of microscope and turn the knob, making them
tangent.（see Figure8-9）

Figure8-9 Cut-nail of Microscope

Adjust sheath flow regulator 90 ° knob, making the slit being in the middle of straight

lines.（see Figure8-10）

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure8-10 Center the Slit

Cover the PMT tube shield, turn on the power and make sample test. Please take

reference with the Optical Module Installation to debug.

Example that shows a poor optical debugging

Figure8-11 Optical Debugging 1

Figure8-12 Optical Debugging 2

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure8-13 Optical Debugging 3

NOTE: there’s smear when testing old blood, which is normal. Cells shape changes and
forms smear after placing in a long time.

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Manufacturer Name:URIT Medical Electronic Co.,Ltd.
Address: No. D-07 Information Industry District, High-Tech Zone, Guilin, Guangxi
541004, P.R.China
Tel:+86(773) 2288555 2288558
Fax:+86(773) 2288559 2824559
Web:www.urit.com
E-mail:sales@uritest.com

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