Ans. An object is in motion when it changes it’s position in relation to the surroundings .
2. What is the condition for an object to be at rest ?
Ans. The condition required for an object to be at rest is that the position of the object should not change in relation to it’s surroundings.
3. What are the different kinds of motion ? Give examples .
Ans. Rectilinear motion Ex: A car moving on a straight road
Circular motion Ex: The movement of the blades of a fan
Periodic motion Ex: The motion of a simple pendulum , swing
4. What is speed ? Give it’s SI unit .
Ans. The distance covered by an object in unit time is the speed of that object .
Speed = Distance Time The SI unit of speed is metre per second (m/s) .
5. What does 80km per hour imply (mean) ?
Ans. It means an object will cover a distance of 80km in one hour.
6. What do you mean by average speed ?
Ans. Average speed is the total distance covered divided by the total time taken .
Average Speed = Total distance covered
Total time taken 7. Differentiate between uniform and non- uniform motion .
Ans. UNIFORM MOTION NON – UNIFORM MOTION When an object moves with a constant speed When an object moving in a straight line along a straight line, it is said to be in uniform changes it’s speed, it is said to be in non motion . uniform motion. The distance- time graph for a uniform motion The distance – time graph for a non uniform is a straight line. motion is not a straight line 8. What do you mean by oscillation ?
Ans. One complete to and fro motion of a simple pendulum is called oscillation .
9. What is time – period ?
Ans. The time taken by the pendulum to complete one oscillation is called it’s time – period .
Time period = Time taken
No: of oscillation 10. Give examples of time measuring devices used before pendulum clock .
Ans. Sundial , Water clock , Sand clock , Candle clock .
11. Name two devices that measures the speed ? How is it measured with these devices ?
Ans. I) Speedometer - It records the speed directly in Km/hr.
ii) Odometer – It measures the distance moved by vehicles . Using the time taken to cover that distance , speed can be calculated .
12. The distance between two stations is 400Km. A train takes 5hrs to cover this distance . Calculate the speed of the train .
Time taken 13. A train travelling at a speed of 60Km/hr takes 8hrs to travel from Delhi to Amritsar . Find the distance between Delhi and Amritsar .
Ans. Speed = 60Km/hr
Time = 8hrs
Distance travelled = Speed x Time = 60 x 8 = 480 Km
14. A car is running at a speed of 90Km/hr . What time does it take to cover a distance of 720Km?
Ans. Speed = 90Km/hr
Distance = 720Km
Time taken = Distance
Speed
= 720/90 = 8hr
15. Convert 360Km/hr to m/s.
Ans. 360Km/1hr = 360 x 1000
60 x60
= 360000/3600 = 100m/s
16. A pendulum takes 48seconds to complete 20 oscillations. Calculate it’s time – period .
Ans. Time period = Time taken ÷ No: of oscillations
= 48/20 = 2.4s ASSIGNMENTS
1. A man riding a scooter travels a distance of 50m in 20 sec. What is the speed of the scooter?
2. A car travelling at a speed of 45m/sec takes 20sec to reach it’s destination. What distance has the car travelled?
3. A bus is running at a speed of 60km/hr. How much time will it take to cover a distance of 270km?
4. A train is running at a speed of 60km/hr. Calculate the speed of the train in m/sec. 5. In an experiment to measure time period of a simple pendulum, the time for 20 complete oscillations was found to be 36sec. What is the time period of this pendulum? 6. State the type of motion exhibited by the following:-
a) motion of a child in a merry-go-round
b) motion of the Earth around the Sun
c) motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road
