HYGIENE and SANITATION The science of using measure that prevent
diseases and to promote individual health
SCOPE
Hygiene Field Sanitation
Sanitation The prevention of diseases by
Diseases Acquired eliminating or controlling factors which may
Control Measures form links in disease transmission
Waste Disposal
Rules in Construction of all Types of Factors
Latrine Food supplies
Care of feet during the Marches and Patrols Wastes
Health maintenance & sanitary practice. Insects
Types and treatment of communicable Housing etc. . .
diseases. Water
Measures to protect and improve health Prime necessity and one of our basic needs
responsibility for military sanitation. for existence of life
No man can last more than 4 or 5 days
Hygiene without drinking water
The science that deals with health and its Water is utilized as bathing, cooking,
prevention and maintenance washing chemical agents used in the TX of
water impurities
Personal Hygiene Impurities of water can be treated by
Measure taken by individual to - Use of Chloride - powerful
preserve his own health germicide
Health - 8-10 drops of Iodine per one (1)
State of individual who enjoys gallon of water
physical, mental and social well - Boiling for at least 30 minutes
being
Surface water
Importance of Personal Hygiene - almost dirty contaminated except those
It protects individual or group against running and stream and spring in which
diseases there are residents
It promotes sound and positive total Rain water
health - as directly collected from roof
It improves of even best one’s morale Underground water
- wells, springs
Personal Hygiene Public water supplies
- government supply or private
Personal Cleanliness (Hair, Skin, corporation
Hands & Clothing)
Daily bath Diseases Acquired/Acquired Diseases
Special care of foot Insect bite diseases
Care of mouth and teeth - Transmitted to man through insect bites
Food and Drinks ( Malaria, Dengue, Typhoid fever)
Origin of food and drinks taken and
properly prepared awareness of food VD or STD
sanitation - Sexually transmitted diseases
Proper exercise
Relaxation and Recreation Other acquired diseases
- Dermatologists or athlete foot
Cultivation of healthy mind
- Preserve and established a healthy Five faactors in the transmission of intestinal
mental attitude and emotional reaction diseases
Exercise Food
- to condition body and to wear out Fingers
that unnecessary fat’s calories Flies
Healthy Minds Fluid
- react naturally and facing reality Feces
Sanitation Control Measures
Avoid close physical contact to positive It should be all least 100 yards away from
identified carrier of disease the unit mess from nearest water services to
Proper ventilation of quarters ensure free from contamination
Water purification A screen should be place around the latrine
Careful selection and preparation of food Installed a hand wash device
Maintenance of mess sanitation It should be kept clean & polished 4 times a
Prepare waste disposal day
Personal hygiene Always treat it with chemical disinfectant
spray inside to prevent multiclicaltion of
Waste vermin
A general term covering all types of refuse
resulting from the living activities of human or HYGIENE & SANITATION
animals Personal hygiene & sanitation is every
soldier responsibility. a command is the
System mirror-image of its comdr, the state of the
Straddle Trench Latrine health of men & the condition they work in,
Used: reflect the leadership, discipline &
Short bivouac and FTX supervision in the unit.
Approx 4 X 6 trenches per 10 square
meters It is important to practice hygiene &
sanitation not only to serve as an example,
Deep Pit Latrine but also to impart others the need for clean
& healthful living to support our primary
Used: objective that is the accomplishment of the
Longer period of time in build up areas mission.
Bore Hole or Cat Pit Latrine Rules of hygiene & sanitation are simple &
Used: easy to follow but some carelessly
March and patrol disregard them. it is for this reason that
Covered immediately with dirt after everybody should sometimes go out of
used their way to remind & see to it that rules of
good hygiene & sanitation are followed.
Pail Latrine
Used: BASIC HEALTH GUIDELINES
Ground is to hard for digging 1. always keep your body clean. take a bath
Water table is too high once everyday. as minimum, bathe your feet,
hands & private parts. if possible, cange your
Urine Soaked Pit underwear & socks after bathing. when water is
Used: scarce, you may bathe twice a week. if water
Prevent accumulation of liquid waste availability is worst, scrub your body regularly
Water from shower with clean wet cloth.
Sinks 2. change your underclothing daily if
Field kitchen possible,iif not, at least twice a week. inspect
them for lice, fleas or other bug that may keep
Care of feet during marches and patrol you itchy.
Bring at least five (5) pairs of issued socks 3. change clothing, shoes or socks immediately
with you after they are get wet to avoid getting colds,
Keep socks clean and dry athletes foot & other illnesses.
Change wet or damp socks as soon as 4. brush your teeth at least twice a day,
possible preferably after waking up & before going to
Wash your feet daily bed. brush your teeth on the inside & outside,
Avoid tight socks and boots away from the gums & towards the cutting
Wear the shoes to keep boots dry, beware surface of the teeth.
of wet socks from sweating 5. always wash your hand with soap & water
Sweating -avoid unsanitary condition after doing fatigue duty, after engaging
strenuous exercise, before eating & after coming
General rules in construction of all types of out of the conforr room.
latrine 6. use only your own eating & dringking
utensils if possible. you may contact disease
from infected mess gear of personal articles of
others. for the same reason, avoid borrowing &
lending your own pipes, towels, shoes, etc.
7. when mosquitos & other flying insects are
present in your area, be sure to use your
mosquito net. tuck it well around your bedding
& ensure that there are no holes before sleeping.
take your anti-malaria tablets regularly, many
soldiers became fatal casulaties due to their
indifference to this tiny but effective anti-
malaria tablets.
8. never drink water from any untreated source
until has been declared safe for drinking by your
medical officer. when purificaton tablets (such
as halazone) are avialable, use them to threat
your dringking water. if there are none, you may
consider boiling your water at least fifteen
minutes to kill the harmful bacterias that may be
present.
9. releive yourself on an area which is
designated as the head area for your unit.
10. exercise your muscle & joints regularly,
inactivity may do equal damage to your health as
extreme exertion or fatigue.
11. avoid venereal diseases. do not associate
with infected woman who may be carries of
these diseases. if you think you have caught any
of these sexually transmitted diseases report yo
tour mdical officer at once. any venereal
diseases can be cured much easier & quickly on
its early stage. untreated vd may result to death
or permanent damage to your body.
12. as a leader, you must set an example of
personal cleanliness & sanitary discipline to
your man. if possible, bathe, shave & wear
clean clothes daily. observed all the precuation
mentioned above & require everybody do
likewise.
Camp Sanitation – refers to the rules of
cleanliness and sanitation which soldiers should
follow to keep & maintain camps.
1. when putting-up camps & bivouacs,
build them around a sanitary pla. make
provision for sanitation requirements, such as the
location of the galley, the head & the billeting
areas of the men.
2. control your water supply. purify
drinking water in a manner approved by the
medical officer. when water source is a stream
or a river, mark separate water points for
washing, cooking & human consumption.
washing & bathing points must always be
downstream from points used for human
consumption. of course in this case of tactical
camps, these watering points must be well
secured against enemy harassment.
