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Notes for 2nd year ECE students
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The Gitove 2. Ayromic Aypiorn as a munemat
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ulin Ynoulige & te tnpurs to, complelaly
© ouleruns i BePaoutewe Oy the ays whi? fox >to
vA Bok bh Vaiuctes suarutn desea bo the
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alt
Be dnt ty %e + /og hm 4 pi Lin-.
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ts : eae |
fe Am yg Ann JL bpy Pra Prm va
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Aloe Lauuclion
kl) 2 Atabe mecton (nx)
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up Cp, Cpa «+ OPP
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Vadioge: doxibys * | Cutwune t, ox 9
Cumsenk sthrcugn Lo 212 =x, Variawts
Voltage acHoss copaulor Ve = Xs.
Gin. difperernas ayiabons :
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Yi =P) y yo =AoRr -e; y
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Hap
Nee cussunt atv),
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Vo-Wy avo va _ vay =
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db R
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Ovo
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O> ©
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[33 =p sfa)
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Biptom aown betour-
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ae
| a
vu
Ay
Th
ho B Lo My o :
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Seuct we eno &
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~ 8 4 By ~ Mine) + Vreo,
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bo @ =d
Marky = Bi Ly +3 — Pree + bt Baty —ta%e-
Diy = — Bity + M2 itr, Ky _ Boxy 22g
"7 fee? ria meet eee =
power, aan 00>
6 > Soe HRs fe ~ Bate 4 Bit ae —O
Mr Mr M mM
2 = oe hy Hz) 4 BS oty [Bl _ Be
> Sh V4 (My me) wt)
6®
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dao = Aye =xy
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ty = dys =2y
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he = Ly >
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4 ; % i © ma o
fo |=] ° © ' a + 4 (
ts eyo Yat hay Yay 7 Ke
° ty Ky ee ee vm ;
oy Meer (a- 2) Ma (fe ms
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Abs 124.
Sh abs
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at faye
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= oe! hag
dy
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ay ig
dee
ub.
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Fat Wty a gor sy wrirtte. ‘qiben cam,
Ba = U-Batg- yoy
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: 240.5
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B Foxy —O
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CO ee |
Olp con k
[v= [ a Pepto ras
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lla Ip fina Vie ity « can
Ceugss- mutiny Lhe gubtn corn
Yes) [starsat] = 6 009)
S°yts) + byes) tyes) = Bus) fe 7)
av
i ,
Tokg The Loploce Dianspprun :
a 2 [ytsiJ= yw
LOM rE dy atytey seul \
aes a a 2 8
: : e [ussJ=uw
dok ylt) = 94
dyl) 8, <0
at
Byte). fy oes
aVige PY —cfy
ae
cfg th Xo +45 = 5 utes
og = “bat, -bto -pul —>O
do=xs oD
By =o ~O ; ON
2, Fe oe e\|s
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tH ~b °
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v(s)
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(D To pha tee oR. comms
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€ VES) FbS Ves) FAb8 YG) +A YES) = AULS)
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alt? dee at
colvot State Voxtables,
a yw = mH dy = SY =vo
dt
ea 2 i =
dt
PY oh3*
at
By th my tab te Wy A =a
:
% = sayny —Obio —bee +94u =O
a, =22 —>O
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Oudput cams
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Lontace Ubianyoumn usttr tose dnitiou
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ye de
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P=) $XUC) = AXES) 4 pysd ,
SXUS) ~ Axis) = BUG)
wisy [ $00) =/nve.
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usw (s3-8) \
>
76
2 ~ Mdenkiby matréee ,
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yisy = Ul) (’c [se-ay"') a)
| strounsfir flrneticn » .
| * vo
| us)
|
1) Obtath ite torapar fiunetidn of the eye
1-2 4g !
J) oho w
cc {er-al "pg +, eel
[co-n) = dd] [59-19
fe [3-8
(0. dof. [SP-A) = v
be. [s2-) [eo facts. [ix] a j
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op pocter ef (Sit) = (gat) (sta) 4 2 [: : ‘|
= ghaggd one ae |
i
=" 4 ase \
wo focior % b= ep” : |
to. factor Gl o- tN is4 = SH.
co pociee db = 8
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ESP astd
to . poets mls ast) asta.
to gous of 1 ~ CEMYEeymyvyt — C541) Jj foci y g = > (si
fs doctor of sag = CS4t)*-
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al 2S Hy stp
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= Barf tsa tsasy -atns)}4 Cs)
= SH Gan(sts) 4a) 454)
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= Certegy
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TS)
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Se Ax tbo fede
dt
t uufia Initial Cordtions »
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"
XID - AXED = ¥l0) 4 BULS
xt (sr-A)
"
= X(0)-4BuL9
xls) = Xl) ¢
(= Xto) Bus)
(89-0) (SpA)
U9 ler ay'xo) + ter-7y BU
Jobing Jannoce une
i ter-er' xt f+ xt] (sear! euesy
4
dot ux anwme (SI-A) =,
e'[pf ~ glo = eS ert [tr J
At ar :
How gp lt) = @ 4 Bion duandition mecbuta SS
Fond ii
A Blot tuansibion maltte tf the ‘austin
orftR gto matin a [1 0)
o1
State Unanaittin mabuie +
du. oM 1 if $1 al '\
(sry! ada} (99-0)
Bet (67-0)
spear eg Pak oer 27
a eae o
Sel
°
(0
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(3- gents Oo 4) Gypten. ub
on . : chasactertacd oy Wht ointe :
q my) fo
4 P
fc) | t | | [?]
wee UBM unit Atop signal - Compute “he
a of dhe Gtole equatton wlan cenit ee
mf
ye et [terns J te a0! [tse-0] Bus
ww > S$ rooyT fie
ae
I $ ol, fo
o Ss had
einer | Santa cay Aol (ST-M = ae
ri ! gel
g$-l
(or-w! = aaj (ata) put (gra = (5-0-0
pur (SP-A) ~ (o-0?
$-l i]
HSA
5
ts)?
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he $l
oh hist ital
trl? (6-10? (6+) ( a pee ee
SP-Ay XO) = eo
! t
rata)
| 7
~t
(ST Ad xte =
=a [x]
Lt
S-1
i
(Sr-ay Bow - i 6
$-l
U0) = IK ' t
Gar 3
—t
(st-ay Buy [2
%,
S(S-1)
= le
= (STAY Xt0) + Usr-ay! Bue
fils °
fy! + ‘
ep lane
Gaye Sis)
rl weet? + o : t
‘ st | ‘4 ' F'[t) =e
+, 5) ; 4
G0 aft ae]
- (hi)
7 -
we sela{? AGB
' ree sev 5 *
to 7
et :
ylt) =
tet pret
py $1) Systorn Gs supncnter by Kee
Rp: J) Ghd he olution g the Sie
‘|
equations
o -2}| a
win curublau Lenclibions x10) = | y
of,
yls) = (Sr-Ay! xl0)+ Usr-ay' Bvls)
sume visd= Ys
mwa [is | ae
sw asf? ef] > '
6 1 o -2
si opi fe tl
7 | o -2
leony PS oo!
0 4R
tear! Bula)
" (sp-ny) . Adj (srw
Dut (67-0)
6 s
wd} lorpy - a |
Ret (sr ay. $0542)
a a)
(stay! _ [% ‘)
Slst2)
[ foo
. [seen Sls42)
: 6 ae
EAD |
7 tke
(stay! | os $0649)
. ai
S4h
2x. |
: S buy
(stay xr. |, gin: '
$ Sei !
: bs: *
(S49)
(Sr—Ay" x00) | %
. h °
Stay
($m ous = -[ He 12] oy &
StS4a9
poe,
Sta a a
(cr-a5° Buss =p gy (sp ny) ~ Ad} (a1-n9
Dat (ora)
stat
o 8
Ret (St-A) greasy
terns! pee Hl
wel} (gay
os
~ s(si99
Sh de
. [te 5
7 au.
SHa
2
4 — *
(STA) xt09, _ Y t +
$ Stes || |
. ! e |
(843) |
(Sr-ay xe Ys |
oh,
4
($E-A) ous 2 -[ mB 12] to & |
88.429 |
oes
Sta
(sr-a5* BULs) = 0. d x15) - | ey
©
cpntrottatilety vand Ohbounbility
(on et
tutoot aystem = AK ABU wand ¥ =
aid a be comptetely conbielable lf teu geist
ap wenput Verde U, Lonth efaarrafes che Sysiern pee”
inguin State KUlo) Ao The deyteccl dtoe x leg) dh 4
onto
aim -
. parma ( aratipee 7?
viman's vos comeuabye NT patna a
A gpamat min quan mimo syste & comp Letty
feraoottabte tf and only dp ae seank of the Comnestie
mote Qe = [p: ABT PBt eer pre] bin!
Obyerabibaby + | iat
A tureon yee ge nvpy Per tPY & computtly
pus yond
diyuis yp, ver a ple gpa ty 2 oe auygies oP
detrmins wrery Bion 110°
alroann's se 40% obseunbtbil
"dh gencsat’ nin ordes MIMo atyrtem us
fee 3 i
ee and pnly J the stank Of ste mo Matta sp Re po | Bn
| r}
| AD ATL austem ts chasactortzed Py Uke Blot meeiy
[2 SJE [os me apy
A e
Chuck wrath cane ceystirn dh contiettalste Land
Obs aNabd
feb ’
Koltmann's test for Corbenaviliy » om <2 (eves of-ng
. : Ayptan)
Re -Te: ABS Bas oc. AMA) mle Rie
A'8 = ap
R= [or an)
ae. fo 6
[78
Dat Be = le) =P
A Gtepwaners ape wane a tie mews
not eqpat tee .
se se em, mas : ;
yenann's dest $er Control ably Y pen
pa rae
; 1 =on
ez fo) tweft ve i avo Ov2
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ay) a
Go* [- |
-)-¥
fie Go = [Pol= Ey 43)=|-2) = 2.
» Pank= 9,
J. The Suyatero ub ed Obseivabte .
4 cortetittity sy Gitberts etna,
D When Eigen Vatu aw algetner
(Consider the canenlen fom og State mantel
Broun folour wrth ub obtained ig vag te
‘tonstowration .
mam!
X=ME
Oe
x2 Antu ®- ew
y= Gx 4ou Ete Ob whon eigen: vouues Aout Prualtiy 4
‘Th this tie ctote modet ecm be Convttea 4.
Joudon canentoa foun -
X= x4Bu
Y=txanv
oldvantoge th kalmenn's vst {= controuatiitg _
TR Catleutations aue Sumplor . |
Pbadvantage uh Kalra s Las!
Te cont fehl he eit, Vorfable eonton us
Concertollable
Pout oh GfLbatts: methed ok ean forte
tntormiollebl tate Vaulables |
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é ie [WJ
we} * f-a -3 6 | foo 2
Xs, 0 2 ~3} [ex °
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ey
S oO o 1 oO
A B- vefie 8)
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o Qf -3% b i mer” ]
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Jo pera Figon Vatues
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» 6 6 o 6 |
t 6 eoteotie 6
6 o pies
fx o =)
a waarre fared
oh MS
a[ (nagy oJ ~ 6 4 L-D(-4-9 =0
dC 49)? 4 4.20
x Cab eA) +4 °°
PAR APART EO
docs dosnt vage7 ; |
Sikee , lk conteuns sepeciad exjen Valuts, S0
xe use Tovdon danorteat fer: en)
O
chess “the atmature euseent? Ta the
angular displacement g ghoft ©, and the 4
ib
AO tate Vosfalle ang. © a5 - eutpue Yantdlve
ee ae ola +E, whee Ep Gs He back
: “amg
de
E,aw Arne Fo = Kp Se j er
Vo faRa 3 dts PENG
TA Ea Tin = Krofa
Fon = Te 45 do
ee Z
Kyo ty = ee : c
dt™ 2
tas eae
De Xia tare + ke ms
: ae
ee ar,
Vor |
4 = - Py,
1 da =
oe °
Xe 2X3 4
"Yn has TX at fxg
‘
xe = Km x) ot Xs
xy oF
Vr 6 4Xo
: 3 - t
fs fen 1 |
; J Ms
we of :
xs
Kaif, o VY
ye fo 7 fen
a)
sah Guptre san alate equations
a7 fe [-per™
tle topt
;
oe
4 ms.
Selest| era I
& aes x3). é
Bs eg
4
cine dystero * ‘
conrsthabdry *
n=3
nels B=?
annals 20st
oe MA
b= [ian sd et
Arp, Bee: ° °
| ° ° ig 6
b uoonb '
Ae! |!
6
an
Q& = o Oo )
oN Ie =,
ee ee
pet las Oc O+IED
1c) =|
| = -I Fo
| DL Gopseserts the Sank of the matic
Ge =% jl
5 The yotem, fs Completety Cortvottabte.
Wa. tac 4 1
mp ° t
ws je
vefi 0 of [™!
wo
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alr Us
' fe coutnolladl Luly ne Bl e2
0 [® AB; 48)
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roa | oe [te
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to
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‘
° Io 30
to -30 4
fale = to (0 — te)
1G) = -t000 7°
a o ithe mater Us 2.
the ssyptin ie Controtiaste ee een ae
Obsevability |
ot
G+ [ ¢
CA
on
e 7 ‘ :
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Sey
h
o~2.,]
omefo i |
care |
= ° o i |
fo oJ |
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eto
o es
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Io) =) Fo
2 The sank i 3
fThe ctuyptor, L comps | cal
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e |= ;
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Bs 1-8 tS [ots iy
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ay lt
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6
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Sefton A The
Systm LB characteetzed bY tne dt
funceon yee 2 "
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Yo) { SHS vusaty wis a
Syee
VES) ABC Yes) ans Yeey Abyte) © RUE
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at av alt
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at av?
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yes
ney
2 pe, ag a7"
By Caaeer yest) 25 7
°
ds ~b ont ne | fee
wy
Kalenann's tose ‘fo Abrivcuabeidy ;
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o © Ii}fe
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ho
ae o bk
0 a Hla
2 -12 50.
ost [Ql = @(o-k) =-40
pank =3 :
fore cayptim, os completely Contromabte .
|
ine
Det [Qo] = 1 #2
fank 33
Tha gysten comportery cena j |
\
Obtatr up, 4 uvodae. |} 274 st
ny a
ves)
va
SHasane yt
ay dy ag y 10 2 by iro
de® ae
V vi
» W W\——7-——__
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ww Zz te y
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Hy VY ay dy 4tby e120
ata
ee ientiuas
mo SM4as24ys-Hil
’
Yoo [.
Fraays wi) Ny UCs>
SYD +48? Ves) 4H YES) AYE) =H UL
FY yh any Say
a at i
Yrs, ay =X
dt &
=Xy
; ey =o, , #4 928 |
alt ce dt! |
°
Le tRl3 + Hx He) =yv
°
Xo = HU —aceg ht — By [101
o —IINy
Xs = Ay - NX —2%, +hu 30
2
fe oe op +
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