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TIFR 2021
Q1. A 3-dimensional view of a polygon, whose faces are either squares or isosceles triangles, is
sketched below.

Which of the following 2-dimensional figures represents it a er fla ening?

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

Topic-Mathema cal Physics

Sub-topic-Triangle
Ans. (a)
Solu on:
Q2. The intergral

3/ 4   1 
I dx exp   exp   
1/ 2   x 
Eveluates to I 

(a) 0.00215 (b) exp 2 (c) 1.762633 (d)  exp  1

Topic-Mathema cal Physics

Sub-topic-Numerical Analysis

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Ans.: (a)
3/ 4
1
Solu on: I   exp{ exp( x )}dx
1/ 2

We can solve this integra on by using Trapezoidal rule

b  a 3 / 4  1/ 2
h   0.05  1/ 20
n 10
x0  0.5 x3  0.65
x1  0.55 x4  0.7
x2  0.6 x5  0.75

 1 1 1 
3/ 4  exp{ exp( x )}  exp{ exp( x )}  2[exp{ exp( x )} 
1 h
I   exp{ exp( )}dx   
0 5 1

x 2 1 1 1 
  exp{ exp( x )}  exp{ exp( x )}  exp{ exp( x )}]
1/ 2

 2 3 4 

 1 1 1 
 exp{ exp( )}  exp{ exp( )}  2[exp{ exp( )} 
0.05 0.5 0.75 0.55
I  
2  1 1 1 
 exp{ exp( )}  exp{ exp( )}  exp{ exp( )}]
 0.6 0.65 0.7 

I  0.0215
Q3. A unitary matrix U is expressed in terms of a Hermi an matrix H , such that
U  ei H / 2
If the matrix H is given by

 1/ 3 0 2 / 3
 
H  3  0 1/ 3 0 
 
2/3 0 1/ 3 
 
Then U will have the form

 1/ 3 0 i 2 / 3   3 0 6 
   
(a)  0 i 0  (b)  0 3 3 0 
   
 i 2 0 i / 3   6 0  3 
 

 i 3 1/ 3 2 3  3 3i 3 3/ 2 
   
(c)  1/ 3 i 1/ 3  (d)  3 i 0 
   
 2 3 1/ 3 i 3   2/ 3 0 3 3i 
 

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Topic-Mathema cal Physics

Sub-topic-Matrix
Ans.: (a)
Solu on: U  ei H / 2
From the property of Unitary matrix, we can wrote

 1 2 
 0  1 2 
 3 3  i 0 i 
3 3 
 1  
U  Cos ( / 2)  iH sin( / 2)  iH  i 3  0 0  0 i 0 
 3   
  2 1 
2 1  i 0 i
 0    3 3 
 3 3
Q4. In a country, the frac on of popula on infected with Covid-19 is 0.2. It is also known
that out of the people who are infected with Covid-19, only a frac on 0.3 show
symptoms of the disease, while the rest do not show any symptoms.
If you randomly select a ci zen of this country, the probability that this person will
NOT show symptoms of Covid-19 is
(a) 0.94 (b) 0.56 (c) 0.86 (d) 0.80
Topic-Mathema cal Physics
Sub-topic-Probability
Ans.: (a)
Solu on: Let the popula on  100
Affected  100 0.2  20
Symptom show candidate  0.3 20  6
The probability that this person will NOT show symptoms of Covid-19 is
100  6
 0.94
100
Q5. In a futuris c scenario, an inter-planetary mee ng is arranged on planet Pegasus XIV, which
is 10 light years away from the Earth. The team of representa ves from Earth would like to take
a spaceship to Pegasus XIV that has a one-hour flight me according to the watches of the
passengers. The Team Leader from Earth would like to leave from the Earth half-an-hour later,
but taking a spaceship that has a half-an hour flight me according to the watches of the

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passengers. If the me taken for accelera on may be neglected for both spaceships, which of the
following statements
is correct?
(a) The Team Leader would reach Pegasus XIV before the commi ee members.
(b) The Team Leader would reach Pegasus XIV at the same me as the commi ee
members.
(c) The Team Leader would reach Pegasus XIV a er the commi ee members.
(d) The situa on described in the problem is not possible by the laws of physics.
Topic-Classical Mechanics
Sub-topic-STR
Ans.: (a)
Solu on:
Q6. A planet is moving around a star of mass M 0 in a circular orbit of radius R . The star

starts to lose its mass very slowly (adiaba cally), and a er some me, it reaches a
mass M  M  M 0  . If the mo on of the planet is s ll circular at that me, the radius

of its orbit will become

2 2 1/ 2
M   M  M  M 
(a) R  0  (b) R   (c) R  0  (d) R  
 M   M0   M   M0 
Topic-Classical Mechanics
Sub-topic-Kepler’s law
Ans.: (a)
M 0 v0 R
Solu on: From the conserva on of angular momentum M 0 v0 R  Mvr  v 
Mr

M 0v02 GM 0 M e GM e
For the first circular orbit  2
 v0 
R R R

M0R GM e
So v  
Mr R
For new orbit

Mv 2 GM e M GM e M 2 r 2GM e R M 02 R
  r    r 
r r2 v2 M 02 R 2GM e M2

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Q7. A star moves in an orbit under the influence of massive but invisible object with the
effec ve one-dimensional poten al

1 L2 L2
V r     2  3
r 2r r

Where L is the angular momentum of the star. There would be two possible circular orbits of
the star if
(a) L2  12 (b) L2  6 (c) L2  3 (d) L2  9

Topic-Classical Mechanics
Sub-topic-Central force problem
Ans.: (a)
1 L2 L2
Solution: The effective potential is given by V    
r 2r 2 r 3

dV 1 L2 3 L2  L2 3 L2 
For circular motion  0  2  3  4  0  1   2 0
dr r r r  r r 

r  rL  3L  0  r 
2 2 2 L2  L4  12 L2


L2 1  L2  12 
2 2
r must be real so L2  0
Q8. A par cle of mass m moves in a plane  r ,   under the influence of a force

 mk

F  3 xrˆ  yˆ
r

Where x  r cos  and y  r sin  while k is a constant. The Lagrangian for this system is

1  2 2  2 kx  1  2 ky 
(a) L  m  r  r   2  (b) L  m  x  y 2  2 
2  r  2  r 

1  r 2 kxy  1  2 kx 
(c) L  m   r 2   (d) L  m  x  y 2 2 
2  r r  2  r 

Topic-Classical Mechanics
Sub-topic-Mo on of par cle in plane

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Ans.: (a)

Solution: F 
mk
r 3  
mk

xrˆ  yˆ  3 r cos  rˆ  r sin ˆ
r

   V 1 V ˆ  mk
F  V   
 r
rˆ  
r   r 3

r cos  rˆ  r sin ˆ 
Comparing r̂ and ˆ both side
V mk mk
  2 cos   V  cos   f1  
r r r
1 V mk mk
  3 r sin   V  cos   f 2  r 
r  r r
mk mk
Equating both side V  2
r cos   2 x where f1    0, f 2  r   0,
r r
1 mk
So Lagrangian is given by L 
2
 
mr 2  mr 2 2  2 x
r
Q9. Consider a diatomic molecule of oxygen which is rota ng in the xy -plane about the z axis.
The z axis passes through the centre of the molecule and is perpendicular to its length. At room
temperature, the average separa on between the two oxygen atoms is
1.21 10 10 m (the atoms are treated as point masses). The molar mass of
oxygen is 16 gm / mol .

If the angular velocity of the molecule about the z axis is 2  1012 rad / s , its
rota onal kine c energy will be closest to
(a) 3.89  1022 Joule (b) 7.78  10 22 Joule
(c) 15.56  10 22 Joule (d) 1.95  10 22 Joule
Topic-Atomic, Molecular and Laser Physics
Sub-topic-Laser Physics
Ans.: (a)
16
Solution:   m / 2 
2 1000  N A
1 2 1 1 1 16
E I    r0 2 2   r0 2 2  (1.2  1010 ) 2 (2  1012 ) 2  3.89  10 22 J
2 2 2 2 2  1000  6.023 10 23

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Q10. A hydrogen atom in its ground state collides with an electron of energy 13.377 eV, absorbs
most of the energy of the electron, and goes into an excited state. The maximum possible frac on
R final  Rinitial
f 
Rinitial

By which its radius R would increase will be

(a) f  0.63 (b) f  0.48 (c) f  0.60 (d) f  0.07

Topic-Atomic, Molecular and Laser Physics

Sub-topic-Laser Physics
Ans.: (a)
13.6 13.6
Solution: En  13.377  13.6  0.23   2
 n2   n  7.8  8
n 0.23
R final  82 Rinitial  64 Rinitial

R final  Rinitial 64 Rinitial  Rinitial

f    0.63
Rinitial Rinitial

Q11. What are the energy eigenvalues for rela ve mo on in one-dimension of a two-body simple
quantum harmonic oscillator (each body having mass m ) with the following Hamiltonian?

p12 p22 1
 m 2  x1  x2 
2
H 
2m 2 m 2

 1  1 1  1 3 1
(a) 2  n    (b)  n    (c)  n    (d)  n   
 2  2 2 2 2 2
Topic-Quantum Mechanics
Sub-topic-Harmonic Oscilla on
Ans.: (a)
p12 p2 1
 2  m 2  x1  x 2 
2
Solution: H 
2m 2m 2
1 2 1 2 1
We can write Lagrangian of system is mx1  mx2  m 2  x12  x22  2 x1 x2 
2 2 2
m 0   k k 
The kinetic energy matrix is given by T    and potential energy is given by  
 0 m  k k 
where k  m 2
The normal frequency can be determined by

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k   N2 m k 2k
 0   k   N2   k 2  0   N  0,
2
V   N2 T  0   0, 2
k k  2
N
m

Only one degree of freedom is associated with oscillatory motion with frequency 2

 1
So, quantum mechanical energy related to oscillator is  n   2 where n  0,1, 2,3...
 2
Q12. An electron is confined to a two-dimensional square box with the following poten al
 0 for 0  x  L and  0  y  L
V 
 , otherwise

The probability distribu on of the electron in one of its eigenstates is shown below

How many total different eigenstates of the electron have the same energy as this
state?
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 1
Topic-Quantum Mechanics
Sub-topic-…………
Ans. : (a)

Solution: Two-dimensional square box from the given probability density nx  2, ny  3

 22
So, energy eigenvalue is 13E0 where E 0 
2 mL2
1
Hence electrons are spin fermions then given wave function nx , n y , sz is
2
1 1 1 1
2,3, , 2,3,  , 3, 2, and 3,2,  have same energy 13E0
2 2 2 2

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Q13. The par cle of mass m , confined in a one-dimensional box between x   L and x  L , is
in its first excited quantum state. Now, a rectangular poten al barrier of height V  x   1 and

extending from x  a to x  a is suddenly switched on, as shown in the figure below.

Which of the following curves most closely represents the resul ng change in average energy 
E of the system when plo ed as a func on of a / L , immediately a er the barrier is created?

 E  E
(a) 1.0 (b) 1.0
0.8 0.8
0.6 0.6
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2
a/L a/L
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
 E
1.0  E
0.8
0.6 1.0
(c) (d) 0.8
0.4
0.2 0.6
a/L 0.4
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.2
a/L
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Topic-Quantum Mechanics
Sub-topic-Par cle in a Box
Ans.: (a)
Solution: The wave function in of first excited state without barrier

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 2 2 x
 sin
2   2L 2L ,  L  x  L
 0, otherwise

The average value of energy of the barrier in this state is

1
a
x 2
a
x 1 2 2 a  a 1 2 a
 2V 2 dx   dx   sin 2   a  cos    cos
*
1sin 2

L a L L0 L 2 L L  L L L

This also change in energy. (check integration)

Q14. The pictures below are intended to a two-dimensioanl la ce with permi ve vectors
indicated by arrows and with the unit cell shaded. Which of the following pictures is correct?

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

Topic-Solid state Physics

Sub-topic-Crystal structure
Ans.: (a)
Solution: Primitive unit cell is smallest area of the parallelogram by repeating we should get
whole crystal without any void.
If we see the option (b), (c) and (d), Although their having small area but their reparation will not
provide whole crystal.
Q15. A boiler of volume 1.7m 3 , when filled with 1.0kg of steam at 1000 C , has a pressure of
1.0 atm . What will be the boiling point of water in this boiler when the pressure is 2.0 atm .

[The latent heat of vaporiza on of water is 2250  103 J / kg ; 1 atm  105 N / m 2 ]

(a) 1280 C (b) 1180 C (c) 780 C (d) 880 C

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Topic-Thermodynamics and Sta s cal Mechanics

Sub-topic- Thermodynamics
Ans.: (a)
Solution:

V  1.7 m3 , m  1kg , T  273  100 K  373 K , p1  1atm, p2  2 atm, L  2250 103 J / K

P L (2  1)  105 2250  103 373  1.7 105 373 1.7 105

    (T2  T )   T2  T 
T T V (T2  T ) 373 1.7 2250 103 2250  103

373  1.7  10 5
 T2  373   401 K  128 0 C
2250  10 3
Q16. Which of the following is the entropy generated when two iden cal blocks at temperatures
2T and T are brought into thermal contact and allowed to reach
equilibrium?
[Assume that the heat capacity of each block is C ]
3
(a) C  2ln 3  3ln 2  (b) Zero (c) 2C ln (d) C  2ln 2  3ln 3
2
Topic-Thermodynamics and Sta s cal Mechanics
Sub-topic- Thermodynamics
Ans.: (a)
Solution: Now the heat rejected = Heat absorbed
3T
c (2T  T f )  c (T f  T )  2cT f  c3T  T f 
2
Now the change in entropy can be written as follows
2
 3T 
Tf
dT
Tf
dT T T T 2  
2
s  c  c  c ln 2  c ln  2  c ln 32  c ln 23  2c ln 3  3c ln 2
f f f
 c ln  c ln
2T
T T
T 2T T 2T 2T

Q17. In a Universe with only two spa al dimensions, the total energy radiated by a perfect
blackbody across all wavelengths per unit surface area per unit me is propor onal to
(a) T 3 (b) T 4 (c) T 2 (d) T 3/ 2
Topic-Quantum Mechanics
Sub-topic-Black body radia on
Ans.: (a)

Solution:  T   T 21    T 3
d 1

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Q18. The lower half of a single slit of width d is covered with a half-wave plate P as shown
in the figure below.

As a result, a beam of coherent monochroma c light of wave vector k  2 /  incident on the

single slit, transmits with an amplitude and a Fraunhofer diffrac on pa ern is formed on a screen
S placed parallel to the slit.
The intensity at a point on the screen at an angle  measured from the centre of the
slit (see figure), is propor onal to

1 for 0  x  d / 2

T  x    1 for  d / 2  x  0
0 otherwise

1 1 1
(a) sin 2  where   kd sin  (b) sin 4  where   kd sin 
 2
2 2
1 1 1
(c) sin  where   kd cos  (d) cos 2  where   kd sin 
  2
2
Topic-Oscilla on, waves and op cs
Sub-topic-Diffrac on
Ans.: (a)
Solution: This is a single slit Fraunhoffer diffraction.
We know that the intensity distribution for single slit Fraunhoffer diffraction is having following
form

sin 2   1 2 1
I ; Where   d sin( )  d sin( )  kd sin( )
 2
 2  2

Q19. A collimated coherent light beam of wavelength  is incident normally on an assembly of

a mirror and a photographic plate as shown below. The photographic plate is placed at the
posi on A with a small angle  with respect to the mirror surface as shown in the figure below.
Assume that the photographic plate is almost transparent to the incident light and has a
negligible thickness. A er sufficient exposure, the plate is developed.

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Which of the following statements is true for the above experimental setup?

(a) The plate will show dark strips separated by distances with the first strip at a distance
2sin 

from the point of contact
4sin 

(b) The plate will show dark strips separated by distances with the first strip at the point of
sin 
contact.

(c) The plate will show dark strips separated by distances with the first strip at a distance
sin 

from the point of contact
2sin 

(d) The plate will show dark strips separated by distances with the first strip at the point of
sin 
contact.
Topic-Oscilla on, waves and op cs
Sub-topic-Diffrac on
Ans.: (a)
d ( x) n d ( x) 
Solution: d ( x ) sin( )    n   ; n 1  (Dark strip)
2 2 sin( ) 2 2 sin( )
d ( x) 
n  1/ 2   (first strip)
2 4 sin( )
Q20. In an experiment that measures the resis vity  of a substance it was observed that 
varies with temperature T and a parameter  , as
  0 e / T

Where  0 is a constant

In one measurement, made at T  100 K and   50 , the percentage error in  is

found to be 2% while the percentage error in T was 3% . What was the approximate
percentage error for the resis vity  ?
(a) 1.8% (b) 3.6% (c) 9% (d) 18%

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Topic-Experimental technique
Sub-topic-Error analysis
Ans.: (a)
     T
  ln( ) ln( ) 
Solution:   0e T  ln   ln 0    e T  e T e  T
T 

 502 100
3
e  1.1%  1.8%

Q21. Consider 6 charges fixed at the ver ces of a regular hexagon of side a , as shown in the
figure below.

The behaviour of the electrosta c poten al at distance r   in the xy plane is propor onal to

(a) 1/ r 4 (b) 1/ r 5 (c) 1/ r 3 (d) 1/ r 2

Topic-EMT
Sub-topic-Electrosta c
Ans.: (a)
Solution: Mono pole q
i
i 0

Dipole moment p   qi ri  0
i

Quadrupole moment tensor 𝑄 = ∑𝑞 3𝑥 𝑥 − (𝒓 ) 𝛿 =0

1
Thus the potential at large distance will vary V 
r4

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Q22. Consider an infinite uniform layer of point-like dipoles, placed in the y  z plane,

with a constant dipole strength p  pxˆ . per unit area, as shown in figure below.

Which graph best represents the varia on of poten al along the x direc on?

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

Topic-EMT
Sub-topic-Electrosta c
Ans.: (a)
p cos( )
Solution: V  k
r

At   0 , cos0  1
o

kp
V    =Constant
r
Thus, the correct plot is (a)

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Q23. An opera onal amplifier is configured as shown in the figure below. For an AC input
this circuit behaves effec vely as

(a) a capacitor with a nega ve capacitance.

(b) an inductor with a nega ve inductance.
(c) a resistor with a nega ve resistance.
(d) an inductor with a posi ve inductance
Topic-Electronics
Sub-topic-OpamP
Ans. (a)
0  Z1 Z1  V0 R
Solution: I    V0  Z1 (1  2 )
R1 R2 R1
Z1  V0
I  V0  Z 1  jI  c
j c

R2
Z1 (1  )  Z1  jIc, j  1
R1
Thus, this circuit behaves effectively as a capacitor with a negative capacitance.
Q24. A three variable (A, B, C) truth table has a high output for the input condi ons 000, 010,
100, and 110 and low otherwise. This effec vely means the circuit following this truth table is the
equivalent of
(a) C (b) A  A (c) A  B (d) C  A  B 

Topic-Electronics
Sub-topic-K-Maph
Ans. (a)
Solu on:

f  ABC  ABC  ABC  ABC

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AB AB AB AB

C 1 1 1 1

C 0 0 0 0

Output will be C
Q25. In an archery contest, the aim is to shoot arrows at the center of a board. Three
archers, Amar, Akbar and Anthony each shot 5 arrows at the board. The loca ons of
their arrow hits are shown in the figures with red stars. Which of the following
statements are true?

(a) Akbar has more precision than Anthony

(b) Amar has more precision than Akbar
(c) Akbar has more accuracy than Anthony
(d) Amar has more accuracy than Anthony

Topic-……..
Sub-topic-…..
Ans.: (a)
Solution: The variance of Akbar is less than Antony and variance of Antony is less than Amar.

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Sec on B
(Only for Integrated M.Sc.-Ph.D. candidates)
This Sec on consists of 15 ques ons. All are of mul ple-choice type. Mark only one op on on
the online interface provided to you. If more than one op on is marked, it will be assumed that
the ques on has not been a empted. A correct answer will get +5 marks, an incorrect answer
will get 0 mark.

Q26. A differen able func on f  x  obeys

x
f  y
x dy  f  x 
0
y2

If f 1  1 . It follows that f  2  

(a) 4 (b) 3/ 4 (c) 1 (d) 6

Topic- Mathema cal Physics
Sub-topic-Integra on
Ans.: (a)
x
f ( y)
Solution: x  dy  f ( x )
0
y2

Let x  f ( y)  y
2

x
y2
x 2
dy  x 2  f ( x )  f (1)  12  1 & f (2)  2 2  4
0
y

Q27. If y  x  sa sfies the following differen al equa on

dy
x  cot y  cos sec y cos x
dx
and we have
lim y  x   0
x 

Then y  / 2  

(a)  cos 1  2 /   2  (b) sin 1  2 /   (c)  / 2 (d) 0

Topic- Mathema cal Physics

Sub-topic-Differen al Equa on

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Ans.: (a)
dy
Solution: x  cot y  cos ecy cos x
dx
dy cos y 1 dy
x   cos x   x sin y  cos y  cos x
dx sin y sin y dx

d
 ( x cos y )  cos x
dx
By integrating both sides, we will get
sin x A
 x cos y  sin x  A  y  cos 1 (  )
x x
 2 2
y ( )  cos 1 (  A)
2  
By substituting
2
y   cos 1 (  2)

Q28. A body is dropped from rest at a height h above the surface of the Earth at a la tude
N . in the northern hemisphere. If the angular velocity of rota on of the Earth is  the lateral
displacement of the body at its point of impact on the Earth's surface will be
1/ 2 1/ 2
 8h3 2   8h3 2 
(a)   cos N (b)   sin N
 9g   9g 
1/ 2 1/ 2
 2h3 2   2h3 2 
(c)   cos N (d)   sin N
 9g   9g 
Topic- Mechanics
Sub-topic-Coriolis force
Ans. (a)
Solution: If the body has mass 𝑚, in the rotating frame of the earth, a Coriolis force −2𝑚𝝎 × 𝐫˙
is seen to act on the body. We choose a frame with origin at the point on the earth's surface
below the starting point of the body, with 𝑥-axis pointing south, 𝑦-axis pointing east and 𝑧-axis
pointing vertically up (Fig. below). Then the equation of the motion of the body in the earth frame
is
𝑚𝑟¨ = −𝑚𝑔k − 2𝑚𝜔 × ṙ

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i j k
= −𝑚𝑔k − 2𝑚 −𝜔cos 𝜆 0 𝜔sin 𝜆
𝑥˙ 𝑦˙ 𝑧˙

From the above, expressions for 𝑥¨, 𝑦¨ and 𝑧¨, can be obtained, which are readily integrated to give
𝑥˙, 𝑦˙ and 𝑧˙. These results are then used in the expressions for 𝑥¨ , 𝑦¨ and 𝑧¨. As the time of the drop
of the body is short compared with the period of rotation of the earth, we can ignore terms of
order 𝜔 and write the following:
𝑥¨ = 0,
𝑦¨ = 2𝑔𝑡𝜔cos 𝜆
𝑧¨ = −𝑔.
Integrating the above twice and using the initial conditions, we obtain
𝑥 = 0,
1
𝑦 = 𝑔𝑡 𝜔cos 𝜆 ,
3
𝑔𝑡
𝑧−ℎ =− .
2
The last equation gives the time of arrival of the body at the earth's surface 𝑧 = 0 :

2ℎ
𝑡=
𝑔

Then the lateral displacement of the body at impact is

/
1 8ℎ 8ℎ 𝜔
𝑦= 𝜔cos 𝜆 = cos 𝜆
3 𝑔 9𝑔

Q29. Three stars, each of mass M , are rota ng under gravity around a
fixed common axis such that they are always at the ver ces of an
equilateral triangle of side L (see figure).
The me period of rota on of this triple star system is

2 L3/ 2 2 L3/ 2  L3/ 2  L3/ 2

(a) (b) (c) (d)
3GN M 3 3GN M 3GNM 3 GN M

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Topic- Mechanics
Sub-topic-Rota onal Mo on
Ans.: (a)
Solution: For circular orbit centripetal force equal to external force

GMM L GMM 3 L
M  2r  2 2
cos 30  M  2  2. 2  where r 
L 3 L 2 3
1/ 2
2  3GM  2 L3/ 2
   T 
 3GM 
1/ 2
T  2 L3 

Q30. The wave func on of a one-dimensional par cle of mass m is shown below. The
average kine c energy of the par cle can be wri en as

3 2 2 2
(a) (b) 0 (c) (d)
2mb  3a  b  2mb 2 2mb  a  b 

Topic- Quantum Mechanics

Sub-topic-Postulates
Ans.: (a)
Solution:

Q31. Suppose a system is in a normalised state  . such that

  c   0  ei 1 
where 0 and 1 are the first two normalised eigenstates of a one-dimensional

simple harmonic oscillator of frequency  and c  0 is a real constant. If the expecta on value
of the posi on operator x̂ . is given by

1 
 xˆ  
2 m
The value of  must be
(a)  / 4 (b)  / 2 (c) 3 / 2 (d) 

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Topic- Quantum Mechanics

Sub-topic-Harmonic Oscillator
Ans.: (a)


Solution:   c   0  e i 1  & X
2m
 a  a† 

 X  1  1
X 


2m 2 c 2
 a  a†  
2m 2 c 2
 c*cei  c*cei  
2
 1c 1  1 
2 cos   cos    
2 m 2 c 2
2 m 2 4

Q32. A very sensi ve spring balance with spring constant k  2  108 Nm 1 is opera ng at a
temperature of 300K . The thermal fluctua ons can lead to an error in the measurement of mass.
If you are trying to measure a mass of 1mg , the rela ve error in the measurement is closest to
(a) 0.9% (b) 10.0% (c) 20.0% (d) 0.01%
Topic- Oscila on, Waves and Op cs
Sub-topic- Oscila on
Ans.: (a)

k k k 2 k 2 k 2 2 108 2
Solution: k  m  mO   mO       
2
m m
2 E2
O
E2
O
kB 2T 2 T 2 kB 2 3002 kB 2
2
mN  1mg  106 kg
Now, percentage of relative error

 2  108 (1.05 1034 ) 2 

 23 2
 106 
 300 (1.38 10
2
)   100  0.9%
6
 10 
 
 
Q33. A pulsed laser beam has photon number density n in each pulse. The photon number
density n inside each pulse, when measured from a frame moving in a direc on perpendicular
to the beam with velocity v is given by

[Assume the usual nota on   v / c,   1   2 

1/ 2
]

n n
(a) (b)  1    n (c) n (d)
 

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Topic- Classical Mechanics

Sub-topic- STR
Ans.: (a)
N N
Solution: n  
V A.L
N N
n   n
V v2
AL 1  2
c
Q34. A spherical balloon of radius R is made of a material with surface tension  and filled with

N par cles of an ideal gas. If the outside air pressure is P , the pressure Pb inside the balloon is

given by
(a) Pb  P  2 / R (b) Pb  P (c) Pb  P  2 / R (d) Pb  P  3 / R

Topic- Classical Mechanics

Sub-topic- General Proper es of ma er
Ans.: (a)
Solution: Pressure inside (𝑃 ) balloon is larger than outer pressure (𝑃 ) of atmosphere

∴𝑃 −𝑃 =

Where,
𝜎 = surfaace tension in membrane of balloon
R = radius of balloon.
According to given parameter
𝑃 = 𝑃 + 2𝛾/𝑅
The excess pressure inside balloon is due to surface tension.
Q35. For a pure germanium semiconductor, cooled in liquid nitrogen, the average density
of conduc on electrons is about n  1012 cm 3 . At this temperature, the electron and hole
mobili es are equal and have the common value   5.0 103 cm 2V 1s 1 . If a poten al of 100V is
applied across opposite faces of a cube of this cooled germanium sample having side 1 cm, the
current through the sample can be es mated as
(a) 160mA (b) 16mA (c) 8mA (d) 80mA
Topic- Solid state Physics
Sub-topic- Semiconductor Physics

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Ans. : (a)
Solution:   ne( e   p )  1012  1.6  1019  2  5  103  1.6 103 cm 1V 1 A

V VA VA 1.6 103 11100

I     1.6 101 Amp  1.6 102 mA
R l l 1
Q36. Three concentric spherical metallic shells with radii c  b  a (see figure) are charged with
charges ec , eb and ea respec vely. The outermost shell (of radius c ) is at a poten al Vc0 . Now,

the innermost shell (of radius a ) is grounded, and the poten al of the outermost shell becomes
Vc9 . The difference Vcg  Vc0 will be

1 a  ea eb ec 
(a)     
4 0 c  a b c 

1 c  ea eb ec 
(b)     
4 0 a  a b c 

1 c  ea eb ec 
(c)     
4 0 a  c b a 

1 c  ec e 
(d)    b
4 0 a  c  a b 

Topic- EMT
Sub-topic- Electrosta c
Ans.: (a)
kea keb kec
Solution: V o c   
c c c
Now when a shell is grounded
kq keb kec e e
Va     0  q  a( b  c )
a b c b c
kq keb kec
V gc   
c c c

 kq ke ke   ke ke ke  k  e e  ke k  e e  e 
V g c  V oc    b  c    a  b  c     a( b  c )   a     a( b  c )   a 
 c c c   c c c  c b c  c c  b c  c 

ke e e  1  eb ec ea 
 a  b  c  a    a    
c b c a  4 0 c  b c a 

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Q37. Two posi ve charges Q and q are placed on opposite sides of a grounded sphere of
radius R at distances of 2R and 4R respec vely, from the centre of the sphere, as shown in the
diagram below.

The charge q feels a force AWAY from the centre of the sphere if
q 25 q 25 q 25 q 49
(a)  (b)  (c)  (d) 
Q 144 Q 16 Q 36 Q 144
Topic- EMT
Sub-topic- Electrosta c
Ans.: (a)
Solution:

Induce charge inside sphere is

RQ Q Rq q
Q'    &q'   
2R 2 4R 4
R2 R R2 R
  & ' 
4R 4 2R 2

FQ  FQ '  Fq '

q q
kq   kQ  
kQq kqq ' kQq ' kQq 4 4
  , 
(2 R  4 R)2 (4 R  R )2 (4 R  R )2 (6 R)2 (15R )2 R 2
(9 )
4 2 4 2

After solving we will get, <

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Q38. Consider the following circuit with an op-amp.

If the output voltage V0 is measured to be V0  V , then the value of the feedback

Resistance R f must be

6R 3R
(a) R f  (b) R f 
n  n  1 2n  1 n  n  1 2n  1

(c) R f  nR (d) R f  R / n

Q39. In an amplifier circuit, an input sine wave of amplitude 5V gives a sine wave of amplitude
25V as an output in an open load configura on. On applying a 20k load resistance, the output
drops to 10V . This implies that the output resistance of the amplifier must be
(a) 30k (b) 20k (c) 10k (d) 2k
Topic- Electronics
Sub-topic- Op-AmP
Ans.: (a)
Rf
Solution: Vo  (1  )Vin
Rin

Where Vo  25V , Vos  10V and Rin  10 k

Vo R R V V 
 (1  f )  f  o  1  R f   o  1  Rin
Vos Rin Rin Vos V
 os 

V   25 
 R f   o  1  Rin    1   20  1.5  20  30 k 
 Vos   10 

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Q40. In an experiment, a coun ng device is used to record the number of charged par cles
passing through it. Once this counter records a charged par cle, it does not respond for a short
interval of me, called the 'dead me' of that counter. This device is used to count the charged
par cles emi ed by a par cular radioac ve source. It is found that if the source emits 20,000
counts/second at random intervals, the counter records 19,000 par cles per second on an
average. It follows that the counter dead me must be
(a) 2.63 microseconds (b) 2.63 nanoseconds
(c) 50.0 milliseconds (d) 2.63 seconds
Topic: Nuclear Physics
Sub-topic: Nuclear counter and detector
Ans.: (a)
Solution: N  20, 000 counts / s; n  19 000 particles / s
n N  n 20, 000  19000
N  T    2.63  s
1  nT Nn 20, 000  19000

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Sec on B
(Only for Ph.D. candidates)
This Sec on consists of 15 ques ons. All are of mul ple-choice type. Mark only one op on on
the online interface provided to you. If more than one op on is marked, it will be assumed that
the ques on has not been a empted. A correct answer will get +5 marks, an incorrect answer
will get 0 mark.
Q41. How many dis nct values can the following func on take at a given value of z ?

z 2 1
f  z   z  i
1/ 3

z
(a) 12 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 24
Topic- Mathema cal Physics
Sub-topic- Complex analysis
Ans. : (a)
Solution:
Q42. Given the following x  y data table

𝑥 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

𝑦 0.602 0.984 1.315 1.615 1.894 2.157

which would be the best-fit curve, where a and b are constant positive parameters?

(a) y  bx11 a  (b) y  ax  b (b) y  a  ebx (b) y  a log10 bx

Topic- Mathema cal Physics

Sub-topic- Curve fi ng
Ans.: (a)
Solution:

𝑥 1.0 ( x1 ) 2.0 ( x2 ) 3.0 ( x3 ) 4.0 ( x4 ) 5.0 (x5 ) 6.0 ( x6 )

𝑦 0.602 ( y1 ) 0.984 ( y2 ) 1.315 ( y3 ) 1.615 ( y4 ) 1.894 ( y5 ) 2.157 ( y6 )

x2  x1  x3  x2  x4  x3  x5  x4  x6  x5  1
y2  y1  0.382; y3  y2  0.33, y4  y3  0.3; y5  y4  0.28; y6  y5  0.26

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y j 1  y j
  const.
x j 1  x j

Thus, y2  y1  y3  y2  y4  y3  y5  y4  y6  y5

y j 1  y j
If y  ax  b   const.  not possible
x j 1  x j

dy dy
If y  a  ebx   bebx   ebx
dx dx
y j 1  y j
 Will be increasing if we go to higher j which is not possible.
x j 1  x j

bx2
If y  a  log bx  y2  y1  log  log1  0 not possible
bx1
So the correct option will be (a). I.e.

y  bx1/(1a)
Q43. A particle of mass m , moving in one dimension x satisfies the Lagrangian

1 2 2 kx
L mx e
2

where k is a constant.
If H is the Hamiltonian of the system, the canonical equations of motion are

p 2 kx p 2 kx
(a) x  e , p  2kH (b) x  e , p  2 H
m m

p 2 kx 1 p 2 kx
(c) x  e , p   kH (d) x  e , p  2 H
m 2 m

Topic-Classical Mechanics
Sub-topic- Lagrangian and Hamiltonian
Ans.: (a)
1 2 2 kx L p
Solution: L  mx e   2 kx  p  x  exp 2 x
 p  mxe
2 x m
1 p2 1 p2
Hamiltonian of system H  x , p   xp
  L  xp
  mx 2 e 2 kx  exp  2 kx  m 2 e 4 kx e 2 kx
2 m 2 m

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p2
H  exp   2 kx 
2m

H p H p2
 x  exp   2 kx  and   p   2 k exp   2 kx   p  2 kH recheck
p m x 2m

Q44. A s ck S of uniform density of mass M , length L and negligible width, is constrained

to move such that its two ends always stay on the inside of a fixed ver cal, circular ring of inner
radius R , as shown below.

If the s ck S is displaced by a small angle  0 from its equilibrium posi on and then

allowed to oscillate freely, the angular frequency  of oscilla ons will be

[Ignore the fric on between the s ck and the ring.]
1/ 2 1/ 4 1/ 2 1/ 4
 6g   2 L2   4g   2 L2 
(a)  2 2  R   (b)  2 2  R  
 6R  L   4  6R  L   4
1/ 2 1/ 4 1/ 2 1/ 4
 6g   2 L2   4g   2 L2 
(c)  2 2  R   (d)  2 2  R  
 3R  L   4  2R  L   4

Topic-Classical Mechanics
Sub-topic- Lagrangian and Hamiltonian

Ans.: (a)
Solution:
  
Q45. The Hamiltonian of a spin 1/ 2 particle in a magnetic field B is given by H    S  B ,

where the components of the spin operator S have eigenvalues  / 2 . The spin is pointing in

the  x̂ direction, when a magnetic field B  Byˆ is turned on. After a time t   / 2  B , the spin
will be pointing along the direction
(a)  ẑ (b)  ẑ (c)  x̂ (d) xˆ  zˆ
Topic-Quantum Mechanics
Sub-topic- Spin

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Ans.: (a)

1 1
Solution: Initial state of spin is  x     when field is in on in ŷ direction the
2 1
   B  0 i 
Hamiltonian is given by H    S .B    S y B     the eigen value of Hamiltonian
2 i 0 

 B  B 1 1 1 1
is  , with respective eigen state is  y     and  y    
2 2 2 i 2  i 

1 i 1 i
At t  0  x    y ,   y ,
2 2
Time evolution in state is given by

1 i   Bt  1  i   Bt 
x , t  y, exp  i  y , e xp  i 
2  2  2  2 

1 i  i Bt  1  i  i Bt 
x  , t  y , exp   y , e xp  
2  2  2  2 

 1 i  i  1 i  i  1  i 1 i
Put t  ; x  y , exp   y , e xp     y ,    y ,
2 B 2 4  2  4 2 2

1 i  i  1  i  i 
x  y, exp    y, e xp   
2 4 2  4
1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i 1 1
  y ,   y ,   y ,   y ,
2 2 2 2 2 2

Q46. An electron moves in a hydrogen atom potential in a state  that has the wave function

  r ,  ,    NR21  r   2iY11  ,     2  i  Y10  ,    3iY11  ,   

where N is a normalization constant, Rnl  r  is the radial wave function and the Yl m  ,   are

spherical harmonics.

The expectation value of Lˆz , i.e. the ẑ -component of the angular momentum operator is

5 4 9 13
(a)  (b)  (c)  (d) 
18 18 18 18
Topic-Quantum Mechanics
Sub-topic- Angular momentum

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Ans.: (a)
4 5 9
Solution: P  1   , P  0   , P 1  
18 18 18

1  2i  0   2  i  1  3i
2 2 2
   4  0    9 5
Lz   mP  m    
m
2
2i  2  i  3i
2 2
459 18

Q47. Consider a one-dimensional simple harmonic oscillator with frequency 0 in its ground

state. An external wave passes through this system, crea ng a small me-dependent poten al
of the form V  x, t   Ax3 cos t where A and  are constants. If the absorp on rate of the

wave is measured as a func on of  , which of the following graphs is the likely result of such a
measurement?

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

Topic-Quantum Mechanics
Sub-topic- Time dependent Perturba on theory
Ans. (a)
it it
Solution: V ( x)  Ax cos(t )  V{e  e
3
}
Putting this perturbation into the expression for 𝑐 (𝑡), we get
1
𝑐 (𝑡) = ∫ 𝑒 𝒱 (𝑡 )𝑑𝑡
𝑖ℏ
1
= 𝑉 ∫ 𝑑𝑡 𝑒 𝑒 +𝑒
𝑖ℏ
1 ( ) ( )
= 𝑉 ∫ 𝑑𝑡 𝑒 +𝑒
𝑖ℏ

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Note that the terms in the time integral will average to zero unless one of the exponents is nearly
zero. If one of the exponents is zero, the amplitude to be in the state 𝜙 will increase with
𝜔 = −𝜔
𝐸 −𝐸
𝜔 =−
ℏ
ℏ𝜔 =𝐸 −𝐸
𝐸 = 𝐸 + ℏ𝜔
This is energy conservation for the emission of a quantum of energy ℏ𝜔.
𝜔 =𝜔
𝐸 −𝐸
𝜔 =
ℏ
ℏ𝜔 =𝐸 −𝐸
𝐸 = 𝐸 − ℏ𝜔
1 ( )
𝑐 (𝑡) = 𝑉 ∫ 𝑑𝑡 𝑒
𝑖ℏ

𝑉 𝑒( )
=
𝑖ℏ 𝑖(𝜔 + 𝜔)

This is energy conservation for the absorption of a quantum of energy ℏ𝜔. We can see the
possibility of absorption of radiation or of stimulated emission.
For 𝑡 → ∞, the time integral of the exponential gives (some kind of) delta function of energy
conservation. We will expend some effort to determine exactly what delta function it is.
Lets take the case of radiation of an energy quantum ℏ𝜔. If the initial and final states have
energies such that this transition goes, the absorption term is completely negligible.
The amplitude to be in state 𝜙 as a function of time is
1 ( )
𝑐 (𝑡) = 𝑉 ∫ 𝑑𝑡 𝑒
𝑖ℏ

𝑉 𝑒( )
𝑉 𝑒( )
−1
= =
𝑖ℏ 𝑖(𝜔 + 𝜔) 𝑖ℏ 𝑖(𝜔 + 𝜔)
( ) /
𝑉 ( ) /
𝑒 −𝑒 ( ) /
= 𝑒
𝑖ℏ 𝑖(𝜔 + 𝜔)
𝑉 ( ) /
2sin (𝜔 + 𝜔)𝑡/2
= 𝑒
𝑖ℏ 𝑖(𝜔 + 𝜔)
𝑉 4sin (𝜔 + 𝜔)𝑡/2
𝑃 (𝑡) =
ℏ (𝜔 + 𝜔)

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In the last line above we have squared the amplitude to get the probability to be in the final state.

The last formula is appropriate to use, as is, for short times. For long times (compared to

which can be a VERY short time), the term in square brackets looks like some kind of delta
function.
We will show that the quantity in square brackets in the last equation is 2𝜋𝑡𝛿(𝜔 + 𝜔). The
probability to be in state 𝜙 then is
𝑉 2𝜋𝑉 2𝜋𝑉
𝑃 (𝑡) = 2𝜋𝑡𝛿(𝜔 + 𝜔) = 𝛿(𝜔 + 𝜔)𝑡 = 𝛿(𝐸 − 𝐸 + ℏ𝜔)𝑡
ℏ ℏ ℏ
The probability to be in the final state 𝜙 increases linearly with time. There is a delta function
expressing energy conservation. The frequency of the harmonic perturbation must be set so that
ℏ𝜔 is the energy difference between initial and final states. This is true both for the (stimulated)
emission of a quantum of energy and for the absorption of a quantum
Since the probability to be in the final state increases linearly with time, it is reasonable to
describe this in terms of a transition rate. The transition rate is then given by
𝑑𝑃 2𝜋𝑉
Γ→ ≡ = 𝛿(𝐸 − 𝐸 + ℏ𝜔)
𝑑𝑡 ℏ
We would get a similar result for increasing (absorbing energy) from the other exponential.
2𝜋𝑉
Γ→ = 𝛿(𝐸 − 𝐸 − ℏ𝜔) … … . . (1)
ℏ
Vni  n Ax 3 i  n Ax3 0  n (a  at )3/ 2 0

Γ → 𝛼 ⟨𝑛|(𝑎 + 𝑎 ) |0⟩ 𝛿(𝐸 − 𝐸 − ℏ𝜔)

Now 1 (a  at )3 0  0 So there will be possible absorption at  / 0  1

But 2 (a  a ) 0  0 So there will not be possible absorption at  / 0  2

t 3

Now 3 (a  at )3 0  0 So there will be possible absorption at  / 0  3

Q48. A certain system has one state with energy E , two states with energy 2E , three states
with energy 3E and so on, where E  0 . The par on func on Z . of the system at
temperature T is given by
1 E 1 E 1 E 1 E
(a)  4sinh 2 (b)  2 cosh 2 (c)  4 coth 2 (d)  2 tanh 2
Z 2T Z 4T Z 2T Z 4T
Topic-Thermal and Sta s cal Mechanics
Sub-topic- Partition function

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Ans.: (a)
Solution: From the given information we can write the partition function as

Z  eE /T  2e2E /T  3e3E /T ............................

Z  eE /T (1 2eE /T  3e2E /T  ............................)
Z  e  E / T (1  e  E / T ) 2

e E / T e E / T 4 4
  E / T 2
  E /T  E / 2 T 2
 E / 2T  E / 2T

(1  e ) e (e E / 2T
e ) e e 2
sinh ( E / 2T )
( ) 2
2
1 1
 sinh 2 ( E / 2T )
z 4
Q49. The temperature dependence of specific heat of two metals A and B, both with
quadra c dispersion rela ons are shown in the figure below.

Which of the following statements is necessarily false?

(a) The density of states at Fermi energy of A is smaller than that of B.
(b) The effec ve mass of B is larger than that of A.
(c) The effec ve mass of A is smaller than that of B.
(d) The density of states at Fermi energy of B is smaller than that of A.
Topic-Solid state Physics
Sub-topic- Properties of solid
Ans.: (a)
Solution:

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
Q50. The Cartesian components of the electric field E   Ei i  1, 2,3 in a charge-free region of

space are

Ei  Ci   rj D ji
j

where Ci and D ji 's are constant. The matrix of constants D ji is

(a) Symmetric and traceless (b) Symmetric but not traceless

(c) Anti-symmetric and traceless (d) Anti-symmetric but not traceless

Topic-EMT
Sub-topic- Electrostatic
Ans. : (a)
Solution:

Q51. An oscilla ng point dipole of moment p  t   zp
ˆ 0 cos t , generates me-dependent

electric and magne c fields. At distances r far away from the dipole, the vector poten al due to
this dipole, in SI units, is
  p  r
A  zˆ 0 0 sin   t  
4 r  c
The total power radiated from this dipole is
0 p02 4 0 p02 4 0 p02 4 0 p02 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
12 c 8 c 16 2 c 24 c
Topic-EMT
Sub-topic-Radiation
Ans.: (a)

Solution: p (t )  p0 cos(t ) z
[ ( / )] [ ( / )]
𝑉(𝐫, 𝑡) = − ,

𝑟± = 𝑟 ∓ 𝑟𝑑cos 𝜃 + (𝑑/2) .
approximation 1: 𝑑 ≪ 𝑟.
Of course, if 𝑑 is zero we get no potential at all; what we want is an expansion carried to first
order in 𝑑. Thus

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𝑑
𝑟± ≅ 𝑟 1 ∓ cos 𝜃 .
2𝑟
It follows that
1 1 𝑑
≅ 1 ± cos 𝜃 ,
𝑟± 𝑟 2𝑟

And cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟± /𝑐)] ≅ cos 𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐) ± cos 𝜃

= cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)]cos cos 𝜃 ∓ sin [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)]sin cos 𝜃

𝑝 cos 𝜃 𝜔 1
𝑉(𝑟, 𝜃, 𝑡) = − sin [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)] + cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)] .
4𝜋𝜖 𝑟 𝑐 𝑟
In the static limit (𝜔 → 0) the second term reproduces the old formula for the potential of a
stationary dipole
𝑝 cos 𝜃
𝑉=
4𝜋𝜖 𝑟
This is not, however, the term that concerns us now; we are interested in the fields that survive
at large distances from the source, in the so-called radiation zone: 6
𝑐
approximation 3: 𝑟 ≫
𝜔
(or, in terms of the wavelength, 𝑟 ≫ 𝜆 ). In this region the potential reduces to
𝑝 𝜔 cos 𝜃
𝑉(𝑟, 𝜃, 𝑡) = − sin [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)
4𝜋𝜖 𝑐 𝑟
r
 0 p0 sin  (t  )
A (t )  z c
4 r
∂𝑉 1 ∂𝑉
∇𝑉 = 𝐫ˆ + 𝜽ˆ
∂𝑟 𝑟 ∂𝜃
𝑝 𝜔 1 𝜔
= cos 𝜃 − sin [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)] − cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)] 𝐫ˆ
4𝜋𝜖 𝑐 𝑟 𝑟𝑐
sin 𝜃
− sin [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)]𝜽ˆ
𝑟
𝑝 𝜔 cos 𝜃
≅ − cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)]𝐫ˆ.
4𝜋𝜖 𝑐 𝑟
(I dropped the first and last terms, in accordance with approximation 3.) Likewise,
∂𝐀 𝜇 𝑝 𝜔
= cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)](cos 𝜃𝐫ˆ − sin 𝜃𝜽ˆ),
∂𝑡 4𝜋𝑟
and therefore

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1 𝜇 𝑝 𝜔 sin 𝜃
𝐒(𝐫, 𝑡) = (𝐄 × 𝐁) = cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)] 𝐫ˆ
𝜇 𝑐 4𝜋 𝑟
The intensity is obtained by averaging (in time) over a complete cycle:
𝜇 𝑝 𝜔 sin 𝜃
⟨𝐒⟩ = 𝐫ˆ.
32𝜋 𝑐 𝑟
Notice that there is no radiation along the axis of the dipole (here sin 𝜃 = 0 ); the intensity
profile takes the form of a donut, with its maximum in the equatorial plane . The total power
radiated is found by integrating ⟨𝐒⟩ over a sphere of radius 𝑟 :
𝜇 𝑝 𝜔 sin 𝜃 𝜇 𝑝 𝜔
⟨𝑃⟩ = ⟨𝐒⟩ ⋅ 𝑑𝐚 = 𝑟 sin 𝜃𝑑𝜃𝑑𝜙 = .
32𝜋 𝑐 𝑟 12𝜋𝑐
∂𝐀 𝜇 𝑝 𝜔 sin 𝜃
𝐄 = −∇𝑉 − = cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)]𝜽ˆ
∂𝑡 4𝜋 𝑟
1 ∂ ∂𝐴
∇×𝐀= (𝑟𝐴 ) − ˆ
𝝓
𝑟 ∂𝑟 ∂𝜃
= sin 𝜃cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)] + ˆ.
sin [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)] 𝝓

The second term is again eliminated by approximation 3

𝜇 𝑝 𝜔 sin 𝜃
𝐁=∇×𝐀= ˆ
cos [𝜔(𝑡 − 𝑟/𝑐)]𝝓
4𝜋𝑐 𝑟
Q52. A radioac ve tri um atom in its ground state undergoes a beta decay
3
1 H 32 He   e 

where the 32 He nucleus is stable. The probability that this beta decay will be

followed immediately by emission of a photon is

(a) 0.3 (b) Zero (c) 0.7 (d) 0.5
Topic-Nuclear and Par cle Physics
Sub-topic- Particle Physics
Ans.: (a)
Solution: The given interaction is given as

 d  nn
The total parity of reaction

 (1) L  Intrisic partity of dueteron×Intrisic partityof pion  (1)0  (1) 1  1 [Sine s wave
for that L=0]

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The parity of product

 (1) L  Intrisic partity of neteron×Intrisic partity of neteron  (1) L  (1) 1  (1)L [Sine s wave
for that L=0]
The pion -Deuteron interaction is always strong interaction. So the parity is conserved
The total parity of reaction = The parity of product

(1) L  1  L  1,3,5....

In the product two neutrons. For two identical nucleons we will always have following states
1
S0 and 3 p0,1,2

We already have seen that L=1 of the product. Thus, 1S0 is not possible.

Thus, 3 p0,1,2 is possible. 3  2s  1  s  1

Thus, s  1, L  1

Q53. Consider the s -wave capture of a pion   by a deuteron d in its ground state,
which then produces two neutrons, i.e.
 d nn
If we consider the two neutrons in the final state, they will sa sfy
(a) L  1, S  1 (b) L  0, S  1 (c) L  1, S  0 (d) L  0, S  1

Topic-Electronics
Sub-topic- Op-AmP

Ans.: (a)
Solution: Applying KVL we can write
V  0 2V  0 3V  0 nV  0 0  V0
  .................  
R R/2 R/3 R/n Rf

V V
(12  22  32  ..........................n2 )  V0  V 
R Rf

n(n  1)(2n  1) 1 1 6R
  Rf 
6 R Rf n(n  1)(2n  1)

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Q54. A sealed box containing a digital circuit has a circuit diagram pasted on its lid as
shown below.

However, the output of the circuit is not as per this diagram. Some of the outputs
actually obtained were as shown below

Based on this we can conclude that the actual circuit inside has
(a) OR gates instead of AND gates ( X 1 and X 2 )

(b) NAND gate instead of NOR gate ( X 3 )

(c) OR gate instead of NOR gate ( X 3 )

(d) AND gate instead of NOR gate ( X 3 )

Topic-Electronics
Sub-topic- Logic gate
Ans. (a)
Solution:

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Q55. The following picture shows the cross-sec onal view of an apparatus used to
detect O  ions produced in an experiment. The en re apparatus is kept in vacuum.

F is a conduc ng cylinder with a small aperture at its entrance. The electric

poten als between various electrodes (except the detector D ) are shown in the
figure. The O  ions are generated in its ground state at point A with negligible
kine c energy. The wire mesh on the electrode Q allows ions to pass through,
and also maintains a uniform electric field in the PQ region. The dimensions of
the spectrometer are shown in the figure.
The ions are detected by the detector D situated at the end of the flight tube. If
the detector can only detect ions with kine c energy more than 550eV , the
poten al on the detector to detect the O  ions must be
(a) more nega ve than 500V
(b) more posi ve than 500V
(c) zero, as the ions already have enough energy to be detected
(d) more posi ve than 500V
Topic-………..
Sub-topic- ….
Ans. : (a)
Solution:

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