LESSON 6.
ZOOMING & PANNING
Topics covered in this Lesson:
Zoom | Pan
So far the tutorials have dealt with drawing and modifying objects. This lesson will be a primer on how to move around in your
drawing. With simple drawings like the assignments in Level 1, you didn't have much need for moving around or zooming in your
drawing. The more complex your drawing is, the more you will need to master the power of zooming and panning. Mastering these
techniques will enable you to be more productive in your drawings and life will be better.
EFFECTIVE ZOOMING CAN DRAMATICALLY
INCREASE YOUR SPEED
One single command will give you the versatility to move around your drawing. This is the ZOOM command. Another useful
command is PAN. These are both quicker than using the scroll bars on the side of the drawing area, unless you have a very short
distance to move your drawing (you can make your scroll bars obsolete and thereby create more drawing space).
Start the Zoom command by typing Z <ENTER>. When you do this, you will see the following options on the command line:
Command: Z <ENTER> ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>:
Below are some of the command line options explained in more detail.
COMMAND
DESCRIPTION
OPTION
Zoom This option will display all the graphics that are contained in the drawing (referred to as the drawing
Extents extents) with the largest image possible.
Zoom This option (also a 'hidden' default) prompts the user to pick two corners of a box on the existing view
Window in order to enlarge that area to fill the display.
This option restores the displayed view prior to the current one. For the purpose of this option, up to
Zoom
10 views are saved so that the last ten views can be recalled. This option includes every time you use
Previous
the scroll bar, which is one reason to avoid the scroll bars for panning a lot in your drawing.
Zoom Realtime provides interactive zooming capability.
Pressing <ENTER> (after entering zoom) on the command line automatically places you in
Realtime mode. Hold the left mouse button down at the midpoint of the drawing and move the cursor
vertically to the top (positive direction) of the window to zoom in up to 100% (2x magnification). Hold
Zoom the left mouse button down at the midpoint of the drawing and move the cursor vertically to the
Realtime bottom (negative direction) of the window to zoom out to100% (.5x magnification). You cannot zoom
out beyond the extents of the current view.
When you release the pick button, zooming stops. You can release the pick button, move the cursor
to another location in the drawing, and then press the pick button again and continue zooming from
that location. To exit Realtime Zoom mode, press <ENTER> or (ESC).
Zoom All This option causes AutoCAD to display the whole drawing as far as its drawing limits or drawing
extents (whichever is the greater of the two).
This is a very useful ZOOM option once it is understood. It permits very quick movement around the
drawing. Once selected, this option redraws the graphics area of the screen and displays two
rectangles. The larger box shows the extents of the current drawing. The smaller box shows the
current view with an "X" in the middle. This moves with the mouse. This view box should be
Zoom positioned so that its lower left corner is at the lower left corner of the view required. By pressing the
Dynamic left button on the mouse, the "X" is replaced by an "> " pointing to the right side of the view box. This
allows you to change the magnification. As the mouse is moved, the view box shrinks and expands
so that the size of the required view can be set. The left mouse button toggles between PAN "X" and
ZOOM "> " mode so that fine adjustments can be achieved. When the view required has been
selected, press <ENTER> or right click to cause AutoCAD to display it.
This is another default option. You do not have to type "S" to choose this option. It simply requires the
entry of a number that represents a magnification factor. Note that the factor is applied to the entire
drawing (as defined by the drawing's limits). Numbers less than 1 will reduce the displayed size of the
drawing, while numbers greater than 1 will enlarge it. If "X" is inserted after the number (e.g. 0.8x)
Zoom Scale
then the factor is applied to the current view. If "XP" is inserted after the scale factor, then the view is
scaled relative to paper space. This is useful for zooming a view within a paper space viewport to a
specific scale, for example, "1/48XP" will produce a view of model space at a scale of ¼" = 1' relative
to paper space.
This option requires two things: a point that is to be the center of the new display and a value to be its
new height in drawing units. The existing height is the default for the new height to allow for panning
Zoom Center across the drawing. If the new height value is followed by "X" (e.g. 2x), then it is taken as a
magnification factor relative to the current height. If followed by "XP", then it is taken as a scale factor
relative to paper space and can be used for scaling the contents of paper space viewports.
This option asks you to select an object or objects, then press <ENTER> and the screen will zoom
Zoom Object
to those objects only. This is great for when you want to work on (or find) the last object you created.
Clicking this menu item will zoom in to the drawing by about 50%. This option is only available as an
Zoom In
icon and cannot be invoked by the command line.
Similar to 'Zoom In' - this menu item will zoom out of your drawing and allow you to see about 50%
Zoom Out
more of your drawing space.
If you have a scrolling wheel on your mouse, you can use it to zoom in and out of your drawing. Scroll
Mouse Scroll towards you to zoom out and away from you to zoom in. You have the option to change the amount
Wheel of zoom per wheel click with the Zoomfactor system variable. Keep in mind that you will zoom
in and out using your mouse location as a 'center point'.
Aerial View is a zooming tool that displays a view of the drawing in a separate window so that you
can quickly move to that area. If you keep the Aerial View window open as you work, you can zoom
and pan without choosing a menu option or entering a command. You can change the view by
Aerial View
creating a new view box in the Aerial View window. To zoom in to the drawing, make the view box
command: .DSVI
smaller by left clicking a rectangle. To zoom out of the drawing, make the view box larger. As you
EWER
zoom in or out of the drawing, a real-time view of the current zoom location is displayed in the
graphics area. The screenshot shows how the view box looks. Right click in the box and you can
move the box to where you want to zoom to.
Panning allows you to quickly move around the drawing area at the same magnification you currently
PAN have set. Type in PAN (or P) <ENTER> and a hand will appear on the screen. Left click and hold to
move around your drawing.
As you can see there are quite a few options. To begin with I would strongly recommend getting really good at these 3:
Use the Zoom > Extents whenever you want to see all objects.
Use the Zoom > Window option to 'close-in' on one area.
Use the Zoom > Previous option to return to where you were.
I generally use them in conjunction with each other. I'll do a zoom extents to see what state the drawing is in, then perform a Zoom
Window to get to the area I need to work in, then do a Zoom Extents when I am done in that area. In between, I may need to use a
combination of Zoom Window and Zoom Previous.
Additionally, using your mouse wheel to zoom can be very fast for moving in and out of an area - practice this technique as well.
The zoom command can also be invoked transparently. This means that you can start it up in the middle of a command. For
example, if you are in the trim command and want to see a bit more of your drawing, just type 'Z (note the apostrophe) at the
command line and you can then zoom using any of the available options. Press <ENTER> to get back to your command.
Recent versions of AutoCAD have replaced the old Zoom icons with a Navigation bar. By default, this will be on the right
side of your AutoCAD screen. This has replaced any toolbars and icons that you might be used to.
On the other hand, it's faster to use the keyboard to navigate around the drawing.
Remember that to invoke any option, just type the capital letter of your choice. (e.g.: type: E <ENTER> for "zoom extents".
The default is "Realtime" which you invoke by pressing <ENTER>.
If you click on the down arrow of the icon show in the image to the left, you'll see that you can find the options for zooming
that I described earlier. This is another, slower way to get to them.
Also, right clicking while in the zoom command gives you options. Try this and see which choices are available with this.
