Diploma

Cloud Computing

ITBS 105

Chapter 1

Grid Computing
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Objectives

Dear student, at the end of this lecture you are expected to be able to:

1. Define the importance of grid computing.

2. Define of the concept of the distributed architectures and its utilities.
3. Explain the different characteristics of the distributed systems .
4. Explain the creation of grid computing on different levels.
5. Explain the different application areas of Grid Computing.

Objectives
--

--/-- 1
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Content

Introduction

Different types of grid computing

Grid computing
Application areas of grid computing
Distributed architectures

Conclusion
Characteristics of the distributed systems

Resources
Creation of grid computing

--/-- 2
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Mind-Map

Objectives
--

--/-- 1
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Grid Computing

Definitions: IBM, Fernando Corbató, Buyya, Plaszczak/Wellner, CERN

IBM defines grid computing as a method using a collection of standard protocols to access applications and data,
computing power, and storage capacity across a large network of computing resources across the Internet.

--/-- 3
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

➢ Problematic

• Computation complexity: a major problem

➢ A solution: distributed computing

• Every second of unused CPU is LOST forever!

--/-- 4
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Distributed systems

A distributed system is a set of independent, autonomous elements (machines) connected by a communication system equipped
with software dedicated to coordinating the system's activities and sharing its resources. The elements have processing
(processor) and storage (memory and disk) functions. These elements collaborate with each other as a single, coherent system to
meet the user's objectives.

5
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Characteristics of distributed systems

➢ Flexibility

➢ Transparence

➢ Reliability

➢ Performance

6
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Parallel architectures

a single instruction Multiple instruction

stream stream

a single data stream

Multiple data stream

7
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Advantages of distributed systems

➢ Low cost compared to supercomputer price

➢ Computing/storage power

➢ Computing/storage performance

➢ Reliability and fault resistance

8
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Definitions

➢ IT resources whose administration is not centralized,

➢ Methods used that are standardized,

➢ Resources whose quality of service is not assured.

9
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Caracteristics

➢ Shared

➢ Distributed

➢ Heterogeneous

➢ Coordinated

➢ Externalized

➢ Uncontrolled (or autonomous)

➢ Dynamic environment

10
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Creation of a Grid Computing

➢ One or more servers,

➢ One or more clients.

11
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Different types of Grid computing

➢ Information Grid

➢ Storage Grid

➢ Computing Grid

12
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Computing grid

➢ Virtual SuperComputing

➢ MetaComputing

➢ Internet Computing

13
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Virtual SuperComputing

14
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

MetaComputing

calculation query

Client
Demand Agent
A
Calculation
distribution
Response
F(A)

15
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Internet Computing

Data provider server

16
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Application areas of Grid Computing

➢ The industrial domain

➢ Image calculation (Animated films, etc.),

➢ Simulation of the use of materials (Airbus),
➢ Simulation of the use of electrical networks,
➢ Simulation of oil activities (French Petroleum Institute),
➢ Banking simulations (Banks, stock market intermediaries),
➢ Military simulations.

17
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Application areas of Grid Computing

➢ Scientific domain

Logo de SETI[AT]Home

By University of Berkeley
extraterrestrial intelligence research

Logo du World Grid Community

IBM
Calculations against disease resistance

18
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Advantages

➢ Grid computing allows multiple machines to work in parallel for the same problem.
➢ Clients participating in the grid computing can be located in completely different environments.
➢ Clients do not necessarily have to be connected to the server all the time.
➢ The principle of outsourcing/relocating computing power allows you to take advantage of exceptional computing
power.

19
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Disadvantages

➢ Customers do not have centralized administration.

➢ The impossibility of predicting in advance the actual resources that will be present and available at a given time.
➢ Slow access.
➢ Resource failure
➢ Unreliable environment

20
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Conclusion

In this lecture we mainly discussed about the essential and important topics related to grid computing such :

❑ The distributed systems and their impact on processing and storage tasks to collaborate with each other as a single,
coherent system.
❑ The main characteristics of distributed systems such flexibility, transparence, reliability and performance.
❑ The different types of Grid computing including information grid, storage grid and computing grid.
❑ Application areas of Grid Computing.

--/-- 21
 Lecture number Title of the lecture/lesson

Resources

• Gerardus Blokdyk. (2021). "Grid Computing A Complete Guide" - 5STARCooks edition, January 29, 2021.

• Thomas E. and E. Monroy. (2023). "Cloud Computing: Concepts, Technology, Security, and Architecture ", The
Pearson Digital Enterprise Series, 2nd Edition, 2023.

• Dan C. Marinescu. (2022). "Cloud Computing: Theory and Practice", Morgan Kaufmann ( 3rd edition), May 31, 2022.

--/-- 23