P510/1

PHYSICS
Paper 1
AUGUST, 2019
2½ hours

Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education

MOCK EXAMINATIONS – AUGUST, 2019

PHYSICS

Paper 1

2 hours 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
Attempt not more than five questions including at least one but not more than two from each of
the sections A, B and C.
Any additional question(s) answered will not be marked

Where necessary, assume the following constants:

Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.81 m s – 2
Electronic charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19C
Electronic mass = 9.11 x 10-31kg
Avogadro’s number, NA = 6.02 × 10 23 mol – 1
Mass on earth = 5.97 x 1024kg
11 −1
Charge to mass ratio of an election = 1.8 x 10 CK g
One electron volt, eV = 1.6 × 10 – 19 J
Planck’s constant, h = 6.6 × 10 – 34 J s
Radius of the earth = 6.4 x 106m
Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 × 10 3 J kg – 1 K – 1
Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.36 x 103JKg-1K-1
Stefan’s – Boltzmann’s constant, δ = 5.67 × 10 – 8 W m – 2 K – 4
Speed of light in Vacuum, c = 3.0 × 10 8 m s – 1
Unified mass unit, U = 1.66 × 10 – 27 kg
Universal gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 10-11NM2Kg-2
Gas constant, R = 8.31Jmol-1K-1
Permittivity of free space, ∈o = 8.85×10-12Fm-1

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SECTION A
1. (a) State Newton’s laws of motion. (3 marks)
(b) (i) State the principle of conservation of linear momentum. (1 mark)
(ii) Use Newton’s laws of motion to verify the principle of conservation of linear
momentum. (4 marks)
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(c) A steel ball of mass 0.1kg moving with a speed of 10ms collides with an identical steel
ball at rest. After collision the direction of each ball, makes an angle of 30o with the
original direction.
(i) Calculate the velocity of each ball after collision. (5 marks)
(ii) Is this collision elastic? (4 marks)
(d) Explain what is meant by weightlessness. (3 marks)

2. (a) (i) What is a planet? (1 mark)

(ii) State Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. (3 marks)
(b) An artificial satellite of mass m is in a circular orbit of radius, ro round the earth of mass
M.
(i) Derive an expression for the total energy of the satellite in the orbit. (4 marks)
(ii) Explain why the speed of the artificial satellite orbiting the earth increase
progressively as it comes closer and closer to the earth. (4 marks)
(c) A satellite of mass 300kg orbits the earth at a height of 500km from its surface.
Find the total energy of the satellite. (5 marks)
(d) Explain why the gravitational force of attraction between two bodies of ordinary mass is
not noticeable in everyday life. (3 marks)
3. (a) (i) Define surface tension in terms of work. (1 mark)
(ii) Explain why it is easier to wash clothes with a hot soap solution than a cold soap
solution. (3 marks)
(b) (i) Define angle of contact. (1 mark)
(ii) Describe an experiment to determine the surface tension of a liquid by capillarity
method. (6 marks)
(c) Derive an expression for the excess pressure in an air bubble formed inside a liquid.
(3 marks)
(d) A soap bubble of diameter 1cm is formed at the top of a capillary tube of diameter 1mm
dipping into a beaker of water. If the coefficient surface tension of water and soap
solution are 7.0 x 10-2 and 3.0 x 10-2Nm-1 respectively. Calculate the height of the water
in the capillary tube above the water in the beaker and state any assumptions you have
made.
(6 marks)
4. (a) (i) What is meant by the terms streamline flow and turbulent flow? (2 marks)
(ii) Describe an experiment to illustrate the two types of flow. (5 marks)
(b) (i) Define the coefficient of viscosity and hence deduce its dimensions. (4 marks)
(ii) Water of negligible viscosity flows steadily through a pipe of varying cross-
sectional area. At a point A of cross-sectional area 10.0cm2, the velocity is 0.2ms-1.
What is the pressure difference between A and B if the cross-sectional area of point
B is 2.5cm2? (4 marks)
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(c) (i) State Bernoullis principle. (1 mark)
(ii) Explain why we should blow over a piece of paper not under it to keep it horizontal.
(4 marks)
.
SECTION B
5. (a) Define the following quantities.
(i) Thermometric property (1 mark)
(ii) Fixed point (1 mark)
(b) (i) Describe the steps taken to set up a celcius scale of temperature for a platinum
resistance thermometer. (4 marks)
(ii) State two advantages and two disadvantages of a resistance thermometer. (2 marks)
(c) Describe with aid of a diagram, how a constant-volume gas thermometer is used to
measure temperature. (6 marks)
(d) The resistance R of the wire of an electrical resistance thermometer at a temperature toC
is given by R=Ro(1+∝t ¿
Where Rois the value of R at 0oC and ∝ is a constant of the wire. The resistance at the
triple point of water is 101.6Ω and that at 600.5K IS 165.5Ω. What is the temperature
when the resistance is 123.4Ω?
(6 marks)

6. (a) (i) Define specific latent heat of vaporization of a liquid. (1m ark)
(ii) With the aid of a labeled diagram, describe an experiment to measure the specif
latent heat of vaporization of a liquid using an electrical method. (7 marks)
(b) (i) What is the boiling point of a liquid? (1 mark)
(ii) Explain the effect of reducing external pressure on boiling point of a liquid.
(3 marks)
(c) What is meant by saturated and unsaturated vapour? (2 marks)
(d) (i) Define the saturated vapour pressure of a liquid. (1m ark)
(ii) A closed vessel contains a mixture of air and alcohol vapour in contact with liquid
alcohol. The pressure in the vessel at 20oC is 1.7 x 104Nm-2 when the mixture is
heated to 78oC, the normal boiling point of alcohol the pressure in the vessel
becomes 1.14 x 105Nm-2. Determine the S.V.P of alcohol at 20oC, assuming that the
vapour remains saturated and the atmospheric pressure is 1.01 x 105Nm-2. (5 marks)

7. (a) (i) What is a black body? (1 mark)

(ii) Give two examples of a black body. (1 mark)
(iii) Explain with the aid of a diagram how a black body is approximated. (4 marks)
(b) (i) State the laws of black body radiation. (2m arks)
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(ii) The total power output of the sun is 4.4 x 10 W. If the density of the sun is
1.4 x 103Kgm-3 and its mass is 2.0 x 1030kg, calculate the surface temperature of the
sun. (5marks)

(c) (i) What is coefficient of thermal conductivity? (1mark)

(ii) Describe searle’s method of determination of coefficient of thermal conductivity.
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(6 marks)

SECTION C
8. (a) State Bohr’s postulates of the atom. (3 marks)
(b) Explain the occurance of the emission line spectrum. (3 marks)
(c) Explain the main observations in Rutherford’s alpha particles scattering experiment.
(6 marks)
(d) Explain why the experiment was carried in a vacuum. (3 marks)
(e) An alpha particle is projected with an energy of 4MeV directly towards a gold nucleus.
(i) Calculate the distance of its closest approach given that the atomic number of gold is
79. (4 mark)
(ii) State the significance of the value of the least distance of approach. (1m ark)

9. (a) (i) What is meant by X-rays and cathode rays? (2 marks)

(ii) With the aid of a labeled diagram describe the structure and mode of a operation of
an X-ray tube. (5 marks)
(b) Explain how soft and hard x-rays are produced. (3 marks)
(c) (i) Sketch a graph of intensity against wavelength for the spectra produced in an X-ray
tube. (1 mark)
(ii) Use the graph to explain the occurrence of the cut-off wavelength, continuous and
the line spectra. (5 marks)
(d) The potential difference between the cathode and the anode of an X-ray tube is
5.0 x 10+4V. If only 0.4% of the kinetic energy of the electrons, is converted into X-rays
and the rest is dissipated as heat in the target at a rate of 600W, find the ;
(i) current that flows (2marks)
(ii) speed of the electrons striking the target. (2 marks)

10. (a) (i) With the aid of a well labeled diagram, describe the structure and mode of
operation of a cathode ray oscilloscope. (6 marks)
(ii) Give two uses of a C.R.O. (1 marks)
(b) Ultraviolet radiation falls on Zinc plate placed on the cape of a neutral electroscope.
(i) State what is observed. (1 mark)
(ii) Explain the observation in (b)(i) above. (3 marks)
(c) State the laws of photoelectric emission. (4 marks)
(d) Sodium has a work function of 2.0eV and is illuminated by radiation of wavelength
150nm.
(i) Calculate the maximum speed of the emitted electrons. (3 marks)
(ii) Find the threshold frequency. (2 marks)

END