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Chapter 1 Basic Introduction to Computers
Objectives Overview
Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information Define the term, network, and identify benefits of sharing resources on a network
Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in todays world
Describe the five components of a computer
Discovering Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers
Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web
See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1
Objectives Overview
A World of Computers
Computers are everywhere
Distinguish between system software and application software
Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category
Describe the role of each element in an information system
Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users each interact with computers
Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing
See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1
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What Is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Collects data (input) Produces information (output)
What Is a Computer?
Processing
Information Processing Cycle
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The Components of a Computer
A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device Output Device System Unit Storage Device Communications Device
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The Components of a Computer
Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer
Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
Advantages of Using Computers Disadvantages of Using Computers
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer Strategies include:
Recycling Regulating manufacturing processes Extending the life of computers Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
Speed Reliability
Consistency Storage
Communications
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Health Risks
Violation of Privacy Public Safety
Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment
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Networks and the Internet
A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media
Networks and the Internet
The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
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Networks and the Internet
People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:
Networks and the Internet
A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users
Communicate
Research and Access Information
Shop
Bank and Invest
Online Trading
Entertainment
Download Videos
Share Information
Web Application
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Computer Software
Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
System Software
Operating system Utility program
Computer Software
Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware
Application Software
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Computer Software
A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information
Categories of Computers
Personal computers Mobile computers and mobile devices Game consoles Servers Mainframes Supercomputers Embedded computers
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Personal Computers
A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple
Desktop computer
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Mobile Computer
Personal computer you can carry from place to place
Mobile Device
Computing device small enough to hold in your hand
Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs
Examples include smart phones and PDAs, ebook readers, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Notebook computer Tablet PC Smart phones and PDAs E-book reader
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Handheld computer Portable media player Digital camera
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Game Consoles
A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games
Servers
A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network
Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information
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Mainframes
A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously
Supercomputers
A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer
Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second
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Embedded Computers
An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
Consumer Electronics Mobile and digital telephones Digital televisions Cameras Video recorders DVD players and recorders Answering machines Home Automation Devices Thermostats Sprinkling systems Security monitoring systems Appliances Lights Automobiles Antilock brakes Engine control modules Airbag controller Cruise control Process Controllers and Robotics Remote monitoring systems Power monitors Machine controllers Medical devices Computer Devices and Office Machines Keyboards Printers Faxes Copiers
Embedded Computers
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Elements of an Information System
Elements of an Information System
Hardware
Software
Data
People
Procedures
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Examples of Computer Usage
Examples of Computer Usage
Home User
Personal financial management Web access Communications Entertainment
Small Office/Home Office User
Look up information Send and receive e-mail messages Make telephone calls
Mobile User
Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet Transfer information Play video games Listen to music Watch movies
Power User
Work with multimedia Use industry-specific software
Enterprise User
Communicate among employees Process high volumes of transactions Blog
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Computer Applications in Society
Computer Applications in Society
Education Finance Government Health Care
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Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing
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Video: Computer History in a Barn
Summary
Basic computer concepts
Components of a computer
Networks, the Internet, and computer software
CLICK TO START
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Many different categories of computers, computer users, and computer applications in society
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Chapter 1 Basic Introduction to Computers
Discovering Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World
Chapter 1 Complete
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