312/1
GEOGRAPHY
Paper 1
March, 2024
Time 2 hours 45 min.
MOKASA I JOINT EXAMINATION
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
312/1
Paper 1
GEOGRAPHY
INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS
This paper has two sections A and B
Answer ALL the questions in section A. In section B answer questions 6 and any other
TWO questions.
SECTION A: 25 MARKS
Answer ALL questions in this section
1. (a) Identify two divisions of physical Geography. (2 marks)
(b) Give three forces responsible for the geoid shape of the earth. (3 marks)
2. (a) A part from dew, name two other forms of precipitation. (2 marks)
(b) State three conditions necessary for formation of dew. (3 marks)
3. (a) Define faulting. (2 marks)
(b) Apart from the Rift Valley, list three other features formed due to faulting.
(3 marks)
4. (a) State three conditions necessary for the formation of a beach. (3 marks)
(b) Identify two features associated with emerged highland coasts. (2 marks)
5. (a) What is leaching? (2 marks)
(b) Describe podsolization process of leaching. (3 marks)
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SECTION B
Answer question 6 and any other TWO questions from this section.
6. Study the map of Mumias (1:50 000) provided and answer the following questions.
(a) (i) Identify two types of scales used on the map extract. (2 marks)
(ii) Measure the length of the Dry Weather Road C532 from the junction at
grid square 6434 to the edge of the map to Likonga. Give your answer in
kilometres. (2 marks)
(iii) Give three physical features found at grid square 5829. (3 marks)
(iv) Give the longitudinal extent of the area covered by the map.
(2 marks)
(b) Draw a rectangle 14cm by 10cm to represent the area enclosed by Eastings 50
and 64 and Northings 30 and 40. On it mark and name; (1 mark)
River Nzoia (1 mark)
Papyrus swamp (1 mark)
All Weather Road Loose Surface C528. (1 mark)
(c) (i) Citing evidence from the map, give four social services provided in
Mumias town. (4 marks)
(ii) Name two districts found in the area covered by the map. (2 marks)
(d) Describe the drainage of the area covered by the map. (6 marks)
7. (a) (i) Describe the following characteristics of minerals. (2 marks)
Colour
Cleavage
(ii) Name three examples of volcanic rocks. (3 marks)
(iii) State three characteristics of sedimentary rocks. (3 marks)
(b) Describe the formation of mechanically formed sedimentary rocks.
(5 marks)
(c) Explain significance of rocks under the following subheadings:
(i) Crop farming. (2 marks)
(ii) Energy (2 marks)
(iii) Industries (2 marks)
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(d) Your class is planning to carry out field study of rocks around your school
compound.
(i) Give two methods you would use to collect data. (2 marks)
(ii) State four follow-up activities you will carry out after the field study.
(4 marks)
8. (a) (i) Define folding. (2 marks)
(ii) State three factors that determine the folding of crustal rocks.
(3 marks)
(b) (i) Apart from fold mountains, give three other features formed due to
folding. (3 marks)
(ii) With the aid of well labelled diagrams, describe the formation of fold
mountains. (8 marks)
(c) (i) Give three fold mountain building period. (3 marks)
(ii) Explain three effects of fold mountains on climate of a place.
(6 marks)
9. (a) (i) What is river catchment? (2 marks)
(ii) State four conditions which lead to the rejuvenation of a river.
(4 marks)
(b) Study the diagram below and use it to answer the questions that follow.
(i) Identify the type of delta shown above. (1 mark)
(ii) Name the features marked R and S. (2 marks)
(iii) State four conditions necessary for the formation of a delta.
(4 marks)
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(c) Describe each of the following drainage features;
(i) Superimposed drainage system. (4 marks)
(ii) Centripetal drainage pattern. (2 marks)
(d) Describe the process by which a river transports its load. (6 marks)
10. (a) (i) Define the term weathering. (2 marks)
(ii) Give three mechanical processes of weathering. (3 marks)
(b) Identify four methods involved in chemical weathering. (4 marks)
(c) Explain how biological weathering takes place through the following.
(i) Action of plants (4 marks)
(ii) Action of animals (4 marks)
(d) Explain four significance of weathering to human activities. (8 marks)
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