MADE BY BALKHIYA MERUYERT
PROGIA-22-3
Structure and
architecture of
operating systems
An Operating System is
characterized as a software
What Is package that functions as a
bridge connecting the user and
Operating the hardware components. Its
System? role is to simplify user
interactions with intricate
hardware systems.
Important Terms related to Operating System Architecture
a and structure
Shell: The shell in an Operating Kernel: The kernel in the operating
System acts as an interface for system is responsible for managing the
the user to interact with the resources of the system such as
memory, CPU, and input-output
computer system. The shell can
devices. The kernel is responsible for
be a command line interface or a the implementation of the essential
graphical interface. functions.
What is the
Operating
System
Structure?
The operating system structure
refers to the way in which the
various components of an operating
system are organized and
interconnected. There are several
different approaches to operating
system structure, each with its own
advantages and disadvantages.
Structure of
operating
system
Simple Structure Monolithic Structure Micro-kernel
Structure
It is the simplest Operating System
The Monolithic operating System in Micro-Kernel structure designs the
Structure and is not well defined; It
Operating System by removing all non-
can only be used for small and which the kernel acts as a manager
essential components of the kernel. These
limited systems. In this structure, the by managing all things like file non-essential components of kernels are
interfaces and levels of functionality
management, memory management, implemented as systems and user
are well separated; hence programs
can access I/O routines which can device management, and operational programs. Hence these implemented
processes of the Operating System. systems are called as Micro-Kernels.
cause unauthorized access to I/O
routines.
Different Types of
OS Architecture
The Operating System
Architecture is of four types.
These types are mentioned below.
Monolithic Architecture
Layered Architecture
Microkernel Architecture
Hybrid Architecture
Monolithic architecture
A monolithic operating system architecture
Architecture includes all system functionalities in a single
module, with the kernel and device drivers
of Operating as key components.
Systems Layered Architecture
The Layered Structure of the Operating System is a way of
organizing the different components of an OS into separate
layers. Each layer is responsible for specific functions and
interacts with the layer above and below it.
Microkernel Architecture
The microkernel architecture includes only the major functions
like memory and process management in the kernel.
Hybrid Architecture
Hybrid architecture is a combined approach of both
microkernel and monolithic kernel architectures. It has a design
like the monolithic kernel. It is fast, like the monolithic kernel.
While it inherits the modularity and stability of microkernel
architecture.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding the
operating system architecture
and diagram provides valuable
insights into the intricate layers
and components that collectively
enable the functionality of
modern computing systems.
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