Unit 6 TEST YOURSELF
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. aware B. family C. planet D. married
2. A. sauce B. steam C. sugar D. stew
3. A. marinate B. grate C. shallot D. staple
4. A. maintain B. string C. present D. often
5. A. enroll B. happen C. pursue D. affect
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. advice B. amazed C. reply D. gender
2. A. major B. female C. police D. famous
3. A. support B. women C. pursue D. employ
4. A. conflict B. married C. aware D. alone
5. A. correct B. follow C. party D. workforce
III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. UNICEF is working both nationally and regionally to educate the public on the ____ of
educating girls.
A. importance B. development C. enrollment D. hesitation
2. Reducing gender ____ improves productivity and economic growth of a nation.
A. equality B. inequality C. possibility D. rights
3. The gender ____ in education in Yemen is among the highest in the world.
A. gap B. generation C. sex D. male
4. Gender equality ____ only when women and men enjoy the same opportunities.
A. will achieve B. achieves C. achieve D. will be achieved
5. International Women's Day is an occasion to make more ____ towards achieving gender
equality.
A. movement B. progress
C. improvement D. development
6. In Muslim countries, changes ____ to give women equal rights to natural or economic
resources, as well as access to ownership.
A. may make B. will make C. must be made D. can make
7. Women are more likely to be victims of ____ violence.
A. domestic B. household C. home D. family
8. In order to reduce gender inequality in South Korean society, women ____ more opportunities
by companies.
A. will prove B. should provide C. may be provided D. should be
provided
9. In Yemen, women have less ____ to property ownership, credit, training and employment
A. possibility B. way C. use D. access
10. Child marriage ____ in several parts in the world because it limits access to education and
training.
A. must stop B. will be stopped
C. must be stopped D. can be stop
11. The principle of equal pay is that men and women doing ____ work should get paid the same
amount.
A. same B. alike C. similar D. identical
12. In Egypt, female students from disadvantaged families ____ scholarships to continue their
studies.
A. will be given B. can be given C. may be given D. must be given
13. In Korea, many people still feel that women should be in charge of ____ after getting
married.
A. housekeeping B. homemaker C. house husband D.
householder
14. Discrimination on the basis of gender ____ from workplaces.
A. should be removed B. must be removed
C. can be removed D. will be removed
IV. Choose the best word to complete the sentences below.
access eliminated discrimination progress
preference caretaker rights gender equality
1. Much has to be done to achieve ______ in employment opportunities.
2. Employers give ________ to university graduates.
3. People have _______ poverty and hunger in many parts of the world.
4. Both genders should be provided with equal _______ to education, employment and
healthcare.
5. Internet ________ is available everywhere in this city.
6. A person looking after someone who is sick, disabled or old at home is a ______.
7. We should not allow any kind of ______ against women and girls.
8. People in this country have made good ______ in eliminating domestic violence.
V. Find and correct the mistake.
1. I think fast food should be sold in schools. →
2. Domestic violence against women and girls will eliminated when governments and people co-
operate.
→
3. The text books can't be buy today because they have sold out. →
4. Do you think that overeating can cause people being overweight? →
5. Your car must serviced regularly if you want it to be in good condition. →
6. You look so tired. Go to the doctor's and you will give some days off. →
VI. Complete the sentences with the correct word in the box.
force gender enrol
eliminate equal discrimination
1. Our family members have _______equal______ rights and responsibilities.
2. Many young people are not interested in sports. I have to ______force______ my sons to play
tennis or go swimming.
3. We do not allow any kind of ________ discrimination ______ against women and girls.
4. Most parents don't want to find out the ______gender______ of their babies before birth.
5. The Vietnamese government has done a lot to ________eliminate_______ hunger and
poverty.
6. This year, more girls are expected to _________enrol_________ in the first grade.
VII. Choose the word in the box to complete the text.
right unpaid inequalities vital discrimination
exploitation parity legislation remarkable multiplier
Ending all forms of (1) ____ _____ against women and girls is not only a basic human
(2) ______________, but it also crucial to accelerating sustainable development. It has been
proven time and again, that empowering women and girls has a (3) ____________ effect, and
helps drive up economic growth and development across the board.
Since 2000, UNDP, together with our UN partners and the rest of the global community,
has made gender equality central to our work. We have seen (4) _______ progress since then.
More girls are now in school compared to 15 years ago, and most regions have reached gender
(5) __________
in primary education. Women now make up to 41 percent of paid workers outside of agriculture,
compared to 35 percent in 1990.
The SDGs aim to build on these achievements to ensure that there is an end to
discrimination against women and girls everywhere. There are still huge (6) ________ in the
labour market in some regions, with women systematically denied equal access to jobs. Sexual
violence and (7) _______, the unequal division of (8) _____ care and domestic work, and
discrimination in public office, all remain huge barriers.
Affording women equal rights to economic resources such as land and property are (9)
____ targets to realizing this goal. So is ensuring universal access to sexual and reproductive
health. Today there are more women in public office than ever before, but encouraging women
leaders will help strengthen policies and (10) ______ for greater gender equality.
VIII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the
following passage.
GENDER ROLES IN PARENTING AND MARRIAGE
Gender roles develop (1) ____ internalisation and identification during childhood.
Sigmund Freud suggested that biology determines gender identity through (2) ____ with either
the mother or the father. While some people agree with Freud, others (3) ____ that the
development of the “gendered self” is not completely determined by biology, but rather the
interactions that one has with the primary caregiver(s).
From birth, parents (4) ____ differently with children depending on their sex, and
through this interaction parents can instill different values or traits in their children on the basis
of what is (5) ____ for their sex. This internalisation of gender norms includes the choice of toys
(“feminine” toys often reinforce interaction, nurturing, and closeness, “masculine” toys often
reinforce independence and competitiveness) that a parents give to their children. Education also
plays an (6) ____ role in the creation of gender norms.
Gender roles that are created in childhood may permeate throughout life and help to
structure (7) ____ and marriage, especially in relation to work in and outside home. Despite the
increasing number of women in the labor (8) ____, women are still responsible for the majority
of domestic chores and childcare. While women split their time between work and care of the
home, men in many societies are pressured into being the primary economic supporter of the
home. (9) ____ the fact that different households may divide chores more evenly, there is
evidence supporting the fact that women have retained the primary caregiver role within familial
life despite contributing economically to the household. This evidence suggest that women (10)
____ work outside the home often put an extra 18 hours a week doing household or childcare
related chores as opposed to men who average 12 minutes a day in childcare activities.
1. A. with B. through C. upon D. across
2. A. health B. fitness C. identification D. balance
3. A. argue B. claim C. discuss D. debate
4. A. acquaint B. relate C. interact D. make
5. A. confusing B. passive C. native D. normative
6. A. integral B. exact C. fact D. true
7. A. offspring B. family C. parenting D. parents
8. A. force B. power C. strength D. health
9. A. without B. in C. Despite D. on
10. A. which B. who C. whose D. that
IX. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
Today, more and more women are actively participating in social activities both in urban
and rural areas. Specifically, they have shined brightly in even many fields commonly regarded
as the man's areas such as business, scientific research and social management. In some areas,
women even show more overwhelming power than men. The image of contemporary
Vietnamese women with creativeness, dynamism, success has become popular in Vietnam's
society. The fact reveals that the gender gap has been remarkably narrowed and women enjoy
many more opportunities to pursue their social careers and obtain success, contributing to
national socio-economic development. According to Ms, Le Thi Quy, Director of the Gender/and
Development Research Centre under the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi
National University, gender equity in Vietnam has reached a high level over the past decade. The
rate of Vietnamese women becoming National Assembly members from the 9th term to the 11th
term increased 8.7%, bringing the proportion of Vietnamese women in authority to 27.3%, the
highest rate in Southeast Asia. There is no big gap in the level of literacy and schooling between
men and women. Women account for about 37% of university and college graduates, 19.9% of
doctoral degree holders and 6.7% of professors and associate professors.
The legitimate rights of women and children are ensured more than ever before with
more complete legal documents including laws, conventions and national action plans, among
which the laws on "gender equity" mark a turning-point in the empowerment of women.
Mass media also highlights the continued success of women in every field and honors
their great importance in modern society, helping to do away with outdated perceptions about
traditional women's duties. Many projects on reproductive health care, children protection, and
family income improvement jointly conducted by various mass organizations, state agencies and
non-governmental organizations have created favorable conditions for women to become
involved.
1. The text is about ____.
A. the changes in the status of Vietnamese women
B. the Vietnamese women's liberation
C. the Vietnamese sex discrimination
D. the discrimination that Vietnamese women have to face
2. Which adjective is not used to describe Vietnamese women?
A. successful B. creative C. narrow D. dynamic
3. According to the data in the text, ____.
A. Vietnamese women do not take part in authority
B. the level of literacy and schooling between men and women in Vietnam is the same
C. there are more women in authority in Vietnam than those in any other countries in
Southeast Asia
D. there are no female professors in Vietnam
4. Vietnamese women ____.
A. have few opportunities to develop their intellectual ability
B. have only shined brightly in doing housework
C. cannot do any scientific research
D. are ensured their rights with laws, conventions and national action plans
5. Which is not mentioned in the text as a project to create condition for Vietnamese women?
A. Traditional women's duties B. Reproductive health care
C. Children protection D. Family income improvement
GENDER EQUALITY
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs
from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. women B. follow C. concentrate D. project
2. A. address B. allow C. traffic D. rural
3. A. minimum B. influence C. eliminate D. bias
4. A. prevent B. education C. dependent D. eliminate
5. A. encourage B. contribute C. delicious D. college
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three
in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. career B. gender C. equal D. bias
7. A. enrol B. rural C. allow D. prefer
8. A. abandon B. dependent C. preference D. exhausted
9. A. unequal B. enrolment C. encourage D. minimum
10. A. physically B. equality C. remarkably D. discriminate
Part II. VOCABULARY
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
11. This year, more girls enrolled on courses in art and design.
A. avoided B. inserted C. erased D. enlisted
12. In some rural areas, women and girls are forced to do most of the housework.
A. invited B. encouraged C. made D. contributed
13. Our government has done a lot to eliminate gender inequality.
A. cause B. remove C. add D. allow
14. We never allow any kind of discrimination against girls at school.
A. approve B. deny C. refuse D. debate
15. Women do not yet have equal rights in the family in this area.
A. variable B. similar C. different D. the same
16. It's time we banned discrimination at work.
A. bias B. equity C. fairness D. similarity
17. Both male and female students in my class perform very well.
A. assign B. work C. communicate D. entertain
18. Many people in our country still think married women shouldn’t pursue a career.
A. attempt B. attach C. achieve D. want
19. Most employers prefer male workers to female ones.
A. want B. compliment C. care about D. favour
20. She failed to get into medical university.
A. passed B. qualified C. didn’t succeed D. satisfied
21. In order to be successful, we should never give up hope.
A. fight B. abandon C. continue D. suspect
22. Gender discrimination has become a hot subject of conversations among school students.
A. topic B. study C. fact D. case
23. The government took big steps to prevent gender inequality.
A. increase B. avoid C. promote . D. cause
24. Those people who have enough courage and will are likely to be successful.
A. energy B. motivation C. bravery D. desire
25. Nowadays, many women are aware of gender preferences in favour of boys.
A. fail B. ignore C. deny D. acknowledge
26. With great effort, she passed the driving test at the first attempt.
A. succeeded in B. failed C. enrolled D. deferred
27. Female firefighters are sometimes the targets of laughter and anger from the coworkers and
local people.
A. reasons B. sources C. directions D. victims
28. Many women had to pay a heavy price to win equality.
A. achieve B. lose C. attempt D. respect
29. Traditional women are often passive and dependent on their husbands.
A. free B. reliant C. adhered D. strong
30. Women will be exhausted if they have to cover both jobs at work and at home.
A. very relaxed B. very pleased C. very tired D. very happy
31. Men should share household chores with women in their families.
A. cover B. finish C. take D. split
32. The Government has raised the national minimum wage.
A. bonus B. expense C. waste D. pay
33. They were qualified for the job, but they were not recruited.
A. competitive B. selected C. competent D. applied
34. Wage discrimination affects women negatively.
A. motivates B. influences C. encourages D. affords
35. How are governments addressing the problem of inequality in wages?
A. focusing on B. raising C. creating D. ignoring
36. Many countries now allow and encourage women to join the army and the police forces.
A. permit B. force C. make D. prevent
37. We should encourage women to join more social activities.
A. prevent B. stimulate C. permit D. forbid
38. Working mothers contribute to household income.
A. reduce B. take C. add D. double
39. Family values are likely to pass down from generation to generation.
A. put down B. cut down C. go down D. hand down
40. Women's salaries are becoming important to their household budgets.
A. funds B. costs C. expenses D. fees
41. Experiences at work help women to widen their knowledge.
A. eliminate B. broaden C. restrict D. spoil
42. If women have to do too much housework, they cannot concentrate or work effectively.
A. learn B. distract C. focus D. ignore
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
43. The gender gap in primary education has been eliminated.
A. variety B. inconsistency C. difference D. similarity
44. The United Kingdom has made a remarkable progress in gender equality.
A. insignificant B. impressive C. notable D. famous
45. Men and women equally gain first class degrees.
A. acquire B. lose C. achieve D. Obtain
46. The United Kingdom still faces challenges in gender equality.
A. fairness B. inequality C. evenness D. equilibrium
47. Much has to be done to achieve gender equality in employment opportunities.
A. attain B. obtain C. reach D. abandon
48. People have eliminated poverty and hunger in many parts of the world.
A. created B. eradicated C. phased out D. wiped out
49. Both genders should be provided with equal rights to education, employment and healthcare.
A. deprived of B. furnished with C. equipped with D. supplied with
50. We should not allow any kind of discrimination against women and girls.
A. inequality B. hatred C. unbiased feeling D. intolerance
Part III. GRAMMAR
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction
in each of the following questions.
51. A lot of people think that marriage women shouldn’t pursue a career.
A B C D
52. We must stop discrimination on people coming from the rural area.
A B C D
53. My brother is good with cooking and he can cook very delicious food.
A B C D
54. I guess they may be kept home doing housework and look after their children.
A B C D
55. Women in rural areas might be forced to work both at home but on the fields.
A B C D
56. Some people think that girls shouldn’t be allowed to going to university.
A B C D
57. Gender discrimination should be eliminated for create equal opportunities in education for
everyone.
A B C
D
58. More girls should being chosen to represent us in the School Youth Union.
A B C D
59. Both women and men should be given equal rights for education and employment.
A B C D
60. This discrimination against women and girls must be abolishing.
A B C D
61. Efforts should be make to offer all children equal access to education.
A B C D
62. It is clear that gender differences cannot prevent a person to pursue a job.
A B C D
63. Traditional women were mainly responsible to doing housework and looking after their
husbands and
A B C D
children.
64. Doing housework every day is really boring and tired.
A B C D
65. In the past, women was often passive and dependent on their husbands.
A B C D
66. Women usually get less pay as men for doing the same job.
A B C D
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
67. It is important that men should share household tasks ____ their wives.
A. to B. with C. for D. against
68. Women are more hard-working than men although they are physically ____ weaker.
A. more B. as C. so D. Ø
69. Women are likely to become trouble-makers ____ they are too talkative.
A. in order B. so C. because D. thus
70. Some people tend to wrongly believe that men are not as good ____ children as women.
A. with B. as C. at D. on
71. Not many people are aware ____ male preference in this company.
A. for B. on C. about D of
72. I don't think mothers should be discouraged ____ outside the home.
A. to work B. from working C. to working D. Working
73. More and more girls apply ____ males’ jobs these days.
A. by B.for C. about D. to
74. Working mothers can inspire their kids ____ their hard work and devotion.
A. with B. about C. at D. for
75. Now I wish I could ____ a medical career to become a doctor.
A. pursuing B. be pursuing C. be pursued D. pursue
76. Educated women are becoming less dependent ____ their husbands’ decisions.
A. about B.of C.on D. for
77. This policewoman is famous ____ her courage and strong will.
A. with B. for C. on D. about
78. I am thinking ____ becoming a childcare worker because I love children.
A. of B. with C. for D. on
79. A lot of things need to be done ____ gender equality in education, employment and
healthcare.
A. promoting B. in promoting C. for promoting D. to promote
80. Nowadays, a number of parents still have preference for boys ____ girls.
A. rather B. than C. over D. instead
81. Women’s salaries are getting more important ____ their household income.
A. at B. to C. in D. within
82. I think everybody should be provided ____ equal access to health services.
A. with B. on C. for D. to
83. Gender discrimination must ____ in order to create a better society.
A. eliminate B. be eliminating C. be eliminated D. eliminated
84. This company can ____ for wage discrimination among workers of different genders.
A. be sued B. be suing C. sue D. sued
85. Poor women in disadvantaged areas should ____ more help by governments.
A. offer B. be offered C. be offering D. offered
86. Married women should be encouraged ____ a career of their preference.
A. pursued B. pursue C. to pursue D. from pursuing
87. Domestic violence ____ women and girls must be wiped out at any cost.
A. on B.at C.for D. against
88. Having good education enables women ____ equality.
A. to achieve B. achieve C. to achieving D. Achteved
89. We all need to cooperate to fight ____ racism and gender discrimination.
A. for B. against C. in D. about
90. The women in this company have been demanding equal pay____ equal work.
A. against B. on C. for D. with
