Andhra Pradesh

Mathematics forum
SSC IMP QUESTIONS FOR D GRADE

For very slow learners better concentrate on

Visualisations & Graph / Construction 8marks

Representation Sets ,

( Diagrams) Application of trigonometry

Mensuration 4+2+1 =7 marks

15marks Linear equations

Polynomials

Real numbers , Statistics 8 + (8+4) marks =20 marks Total 35 marks

SETS
KEY POINTS
 Set theory was developed by German Mathematician George Cantor.
Set builder form of set {1,4,9,16,25} = {x2:x ∈ N, x<6}
Cardinal Number of a set: Number of elements of a set is called the cardinal number of that set.
Number of elements in set A is denoted as n(A).
Ex: If A= {1,3,6,8} then cardinal number of A, n(A)=4
Disjoint sets: Two sets with no common elements in them are called disjoint sets. If A and B
are disjoint sets then A∩B = { } = ∅
Ex: A= {1,2,3}, B = {4,5} are disjoint sets.

1. Say the set builder form of AUB, A∩B, A-B?

Ans: AUB = {x: x∈ A or x∈ B}
A∩B = {x: x∈ A and x∈ B} SYED SHAHINSHA
A-B ={x: x∈ A and x∉ B} MPL H S, CHINARANGANI PALEM
BHIMAVARAM, W.G.DIST
2. Write the set builder form of {5,25,125,625}.
Ans: {5x: x ∈ N,x< 5}
3. Write the set builder form of {1,4,9,16,25, ……100}.
Ans: {x2: x ∈ N,x< 11}
4. Write the roster form of {x; x is a prime which is a divisor of 30}?
Ans: {2,3,5}
5. Write the roster form of {x: x is a letter of the word “MATHEMATICS”}.
Ans: {M,A,T,H,E,I,C,S}
7. Show that the sets A and B are equal sets, where
(i) A = {x: x is a letter in the word FOLLOW} (ii) B = {x: x is a letter in the word FLOW}
Ans: A = {x: x is a letter in the word FOLLOW} = {F,O,L,W}
B = {x: x is a letter in the word FLOW} = {F,L,O,W}
∴ A ⊆ B and B ⊆ A
∴ A=B
8.List all sub sets of A = {x,y,z} .
Ans: Total subsets = 23=8
Subsets: {x}, {y}, {z}, {x,y}, {y,z}, {z,x}, {x,y,z}, ∅

9. List all sub sets of A = {a, b, c, d}?

Ans: Total subsets = 24=16
{a}, {b}, {c}, {d}, {a,b}, {a,c}, {a,d}, {b,c}, {b,d},{c,d}, {a,b,c} , {a,b,d},{a,c,d},{b,c,d},{a,b,c,d},∅
10. Illustrate AUB in Venn diagram where A = {1,2,3,4} and B= {2,4,6,8}
Ans: A B
1 2 6
3 4 8

AUB = {1,2,3,4,6,8}
11. Illustrate A∩B in Venn diagram where A = {1,2,3} and B= {3,4,5,}
Ans: A B
1 3 4
2 5

A∩B = {3}
12. Observe the adjacent venn diagram and answer the following
Statement1:A and B are disjoint sets
Statement2:A∩ B= ɸ
(A) Both statements are correct
(B) Both statements are wrong
(C) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is wrong
(D) Statement 1 wrong and Statement 2 is correct
13. Find n(A∪ 𝐁) from the figure
(A) 6 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 5

14. What does the shaded region in the figure shown

(A) A−B
(B) B−A
(C) A∪ B
(D) A∩ B
15. Which of the following is a representation of A∪ B
(A) (B) (C) (D)

16. Find A∪ 𝐁,A∩ 𝐁,A-B,B-A

A from the given figure
Sol: A= { 1,2,3,4}
B= {2,4,6,8}

A ∪ B = { 1,2,3,4,6,8}
A ∩ B = { 2,4}
A−B = { 1,3}
B−A = { 6,8}
17.Draw the Venn diagrams of the following. I)AUB ii)A∩B iii)A – B iv)B – A v)A ⊂ 𝑩 vi)A∆𝑩

A B A

AUB =

A
B
( AUB ) - ( A∩B) = ( A-B )U (B – A
A⊂ 𝑩 )))))))))))))))))
∩

18.Draw the Venn diagrams of the following disjoint sets I) AUB ii) A∩B iii) A – B iv) B – A

A B A B

AUB = A∩B = = empty set

A B A B

A-B= B-A=

SYED SHAHINSHA MPL H S, CHINARANGANI PALEM, BHIMAVARAM, W.G.DIST

 ESSAY QUESTIONS
1.Draw the graph of p(x) = x2 - x - 6, find the zeroes. Justify.
Sol: 𝑝(x) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 6
Let y =𝑥 − 𝑥 − 6
Table of ordered pairs:

𝑥 -4 −3 −2 −1 −0 1 2 3 4
𝑥 16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16
−𝑥 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4
−6 -6 −6 −6 −6 −6 −6 −6 −6 −6

𝑦 =𝑥 −𝑥−6 14 6 0 −4 −6 −6 −4 0 6
(𝑥, 𝑦) (-4,16) (−3,6) (−2,0) (−1, −4) (0, −6) (1, −6) (2, −4) (3,0) (4,6)
Conclusion:

i)Graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 6 is
a parabola.

ii)It intersects X-axis at

(-2,0) and (3,0).

ii)So, Zeroes = { -2, 3}

Justification:
𝑝(x) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 6

𝑝(−2) = (−2) − (−2) − 6

=4+2−6
𝑝(−2) = 0

𝑝(3) = (3) − 3 − 6

=9−3−6
𝑝 (3 ) = 0

SYED SHAHINSHA MPL H S, CHINARANGANI PALEM, BHIMAVARAM, W.G.DIST

2. Draw the graph of p(x) = x2 - x - 12, find the zeroes. Justify.
Sol: 𝑝(x) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 12
Let y =𝑥 − 𝑥 − 12
−4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4
𝑥
16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16
𝑥
−𝑥 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4

−12 −12 −12 −12 −12 −12 −12 −12 −12 −12

𝑦 8 0 -6 -10 -12 -12 -10 -6 0

=𝑥 −𝑥
− 12

(𝑥, 𝑦) (-4,8) (- (-2,-6) (-1,-10) (0,-12) (1,-12) (2,-10) (3,-6) (4,0)

3,0)

Conclusion:Graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 12 is a parabola.
 It intersects X-axis at (-3,0) and (4,0).
 So, Zeroes = {3, 4}
∴ −3 and 4 are zeroes of polynomial P(x) = x − x − 12.
3. Draw the graph of p(x) = x2 - 3x - 4, find the zeroes. Justify.
Sol: 𝑝(x) = 𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 4
Let y =𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 4
Table of ordered pairs:
𝑥 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4
𝑥 16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16
−3𝑥 12 9 6 3 0 −3 −6 −9 −12
−4 −4 −4 −4 −4 −4 −4 −4 −4 −4
𝑦 24 14 6 0 −4 −6 −6 −4 0
= 𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 4
(𝑥, 𝑦) (−4,24) (−3,14) (−2,6) (−1,0) (0, −4) (1, −6 ( (3, −4)(4,0)
) 2, −6)
Conclusion:
 Graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 4 is a parabola.
 It intersects X-axis at (-1,0) and (4,0).
 So, Zeroes = {-1, 4}
 ∴ −1 and 4 are zeroes of polynomial P(x) = x − 3x − 4.

SYED SHAHINSHA MPL H S, CHINARANGANI PALEM, BHIMAVARAM, W.G.DIST

4.Draw the graph of p(x) = x2 - 5x +6, find the zeroes. Justify.
𝑝(x) = 𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 6
Let y =𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 6
Table of ordered pairs:
𝑥 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4
𝑥 16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16
−5𝑥 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 6 42 30 20 12 6 2 0 0 2
(𝑥, 𝑦) (−4,42) (−3,30) (−2,20) (−1,12) (0,6) (1,2) (2,0) (3,0) (4,2)
Conclusion:
 Graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 6 is a parabola.
 It intersects X-axis at (2,0) and (3,0).
 So, Zeroes = {2,3}
 2 and 3 are zeroes of polynomial P(x) = x − 5x + 6.


5.Draw the graph of p(x) = x2- 6x +9, find the zeroes. Justify.
𝑝(x) = 𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9
Let y =𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9
Table of ordered pairs:
𝑥 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4
𝑥 16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16
−6𝑥 24 18 12 6 0 −6 −12 −18 −24
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9 49 36 25 16 9 4 1 0 1
(𝑥, 𝑦) (-2,49) (-1,36) (-2,25) (-1,16) (0,9) (1,4) (2,1) (3,0) (4,1
)
Conclusion:
 Graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9 is a parabola.
 It intersects X-axis at (3,0).
 So, Zero= {3}
Justification:𝑝(x) = 𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9
𝑝(3) = (3) − 6(3) + 9
𝑝(3) = 9 − 18 + 9
𝑝 (3 ) = 0 ∴ 3 is the zero of the polynomial p(x) = x2-6x+9.
6.Draw a circle of radius 6cm. From a point 10 cm away from its centre, construct the pair of
tangents to the circle and measure their lengths. Verify by using Pythogoras theorem.

Steps of construction:
 Take a point O as the centre and 6 cm
radius and draw a circle.
 Take a point P in such a manne
manner that OP =
10cm
 With O and P as centres and radius more
than half of OP draw arcs above and below
OP to intersect at X and Y.
 Draw line segment XY to intersect OP at M.
 With M as the centre and OM as radius
draw a circle to intersect the given circle at
A and B.
 Join PA and PB. Now PA and PB are the
tangents, where PA and PB = 8cm.
Proof:
Since PA⊥ OA ((Angle in a semicircle)
∠PAO
PAO = 90º
In right ΔPBO,
OP = 10 cm, OA = 6cm ((Radius)
PA² = OP² - OQ²
= (10) ² - (6) ²
= 100 - 36
= 64
PA = √64
= 8 cm
Similarly, we can prove that PB = 8 cm.

7. Draw a circle with any radius and four tangents at different points. How many tangents we
can draw to this circle?
ANS) INFINITE TANGENTS

8. Draw a secant
nt and tangent to circle which parallel to a given line.
1.Define angle of elevation.
Ans: “If the line of sight is above the horizontal line, then tthe angle
between the line of sight and the horizontal lineis called angle of
elevation”.

2.Define angle of depression.

Ans: “If the line of sight is below the horizontal line, then the
angle between the line of sight and the horizontal
line is called angle
ngle of depression”.

3. Draw diagram for the following situation.

A person is flying a kite at an angle of elevation ∝
and the length of thread from his handto kite is ‘‘𝑙’. C
Sol: Length of thread, AC=𝑙
Angle of elevation,∠𝐶𝐴𝐵 = 𝛼
l

α
A B
4. A ladder of length x meter is leaning against a wall making angle θ with the ground.
Which trigonometric ratio would you like to con
consider
sider to find the height of the point on?

Sol: Let the length

ength of the ladder,BC=
ladder,BC=𝑥 𝑚
The height of the point on the wall at which the ladder is touching= ℎ 𝑚
B
Hypotenuse is given (𝑥 ). We have to find out Opposite side(
side(ℎ)
𝑥
Hence, I consider
er sine ratio to find the height(
height(ℎ) ℎ
Opp. side h
sin θ = = 𝜃
Hypotenuse x
⇒ h = x sin θ C A
5. “A
A person observes two banks of a river at angles of depression 𝜽1 and 𝜽𝟐 (𝜽1<𝜽𝟐 ) from the
top of a tree of height h which is at a side of the river. T
The
he width of the river is ‘d’.
‘ Draw diagram
for this situation.

Sol:In the figure,

‘D’ is the position of person.
CD is the height of the tree.
AB is the width of the river.
Angles of depression are θ1 and θ2.
Draw diagram for the following situation.
6.Rajender observes a person standing on the ground from a helicopter at an angle of
depression 45º and the helicopter flies at a height of 50 meters from the ground.
Sol:Height of helicopter flies from the ground=BC=50m
P C
∠PCA = ∠CAB = 45 (∵Alternate interior angles)
45°
Let the Distance of the person from Rajender =AC=x m

Xm 50m

45°
A B
Draw diagram for the following situation.
7. A tower stands vertically on the ground. From a point which is 15 meters away from the foot
of the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 45º.
Sol: Let the Height of the tower=BC=h m
C
Observing point=A
AB= 15 m
Angle of elevation=∠CAB = 45
hm

45°
A 15m B
Draw diagram for the following situation.
8.Length of the shadow of a 15meter high pole is 5 √𝟑 meters at 7 o’clock in the morning. And
the angle of elevation of the Sun rays with the ground at the time is 𝜃

Sol: Height of the pole=AB=15 m

B
Length of shadow=AC=5√3m
Let the angle of elevation =∠BCA = θ
15 𝑚

𝜃
C 5√3 𝑚 A
Draw diagram for the following situation
9. You want to erect a pole of height 10 m with the support of three ropes. Each rope has to
make an angle 300with the pole.The length of the rope is x m
B
Sol:Height of pole=AB=10 m
Let length of each rope=BC=x m 𝑥𝑚
30 10 𝑚
Angle made by the rope with the pole==∠ABC = 30

C A
10. A boat has to cross a river. It crosses the river by making an angle of 60º with the bank of the
river due to the stream of the river and travels a distance of 600 m to reach another side of the
river. What is the width of the river?
Sol:Let the width of the river =AC=x m
Distance travelled by boat =BC=600 m B
Angle made by boat =∠ACB = 60
600 𝑚

60
C 𝑥 𝑚 A
Draw diagram for the following situation.
11. Suppose you are shooting an arrow from the top of a building at a height of 6 m to a target
on the ground at an angle of depression of 600
Sol: Height of building =AB=6 m
Observer’s point =C
Target point =A
Angle of depression=60

Draw diagram for the following situation.

12.A tree breaks due to storm and the broken part bends so that the top of the tree touches the
ground by making 30º angle with the ground. The distance between the foot of the tree and
the top of the tree on the ground is 6m.
Sol: Total length of the tree is sum of AB and BC.
Let Length of broken part =BC=x m
length of remaining part =AB =y m
Given,AC=6m
Angle of elevation=∠ACB = 30

Draw diagram for the following situation.

13.An electrician wants to reach 1.8 m below the top of the pole to do repair work. What should
be the length of the ladder which he should use, when he climbs it at an angle of 600 with the
ground? The distance between foot of the ladder and foot of the pole is d m.

Sol: The Height of pole=AD=9 m

 Electrician reached point=B

BD = 1.8 m then AB = 9 − 1.8 = 7.2 m

D
Let length of the ladder=BC=x m and 1.8 𝑚
Distance between foot of the ladder and foot of the pole=AC= d m B
9𝑚
𝑥𝑚
7.2 𝑚

60
C A
𝑑𝑚

14. An observer of height 1.8 m is13.2 m away from a palm tree. The angle
of elevation of the top of the tree from his eyes is 450. B
Sol:
Height of observer=CD=1.8 m
Distance of observer from foot of the palm tree=AC=13.2
∠𝐵𝐷𝐸 = 45° D 45
13.2 𝑚 E
1.8 𝑚

15. Draw the graph of 2x + 3y = 12 C 13.2 𝑚 A

Given equation 2x + 3y = 12
Put, x = 0 Put, y = 0 5

2(0) + 3y = 12 2x + 3(0) = 12 4

0 + 3y =12 2x+ 0 = 12 3
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 2
y= =4 x= =6
𝟑 𝟐
1

(x, y) = ( 0, 4 ) , ( 6, 0) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Prepared by

SYED SHAHINSHA
MPL H S, CHINARANGANI PALEM
BHIMAVARAM, W.G.DIST