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Oops-Interview Quetion

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9 views4 pages

Oops-Interview Quetion

Uploaded by

anitha shree
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OOPS:

What is Abstraction?

 Hiding internal implementation and sharing set of services is called as abstarction.


 We can achieve abstraction by using “Interface” and “Abstarct Class”.
 We can achieve 100% abstraction using “Interface” and partial by using “Abstract Class”.
 We can achieve security using abstraction.
 E.g. ATM machine, Car, Mobile, etc.

What is Encapsulation?

 Wrapping of data member and methods called as Encapsulation.


 We can achieve it by making data members “private”.
 POJO class is good example of encapsulation.
 In a class if it has every data member as a “private” then such class is called as tightly
encapsulated.
 E.g. Engine, Gear box within Car,etc.

Difference between Abstraction and Encapsulation?

Abstraction Encapsulation

Hiding internal implementation and sharing Wrapping of data member and methods.

set of services.

We can achieve abstraction by using We can achieve it by making data members


“Interface” and “Abstarct Class”. “private”.

It increases code. It decreases code.

It solves problem at Design level. It solves problem at implementation level.

What is Inheritance?

 Acquiring properties of Parent class is called inheritance.


 It is also called as IS-A relationship.
 It can be achieved by using “extends” keyword, by making Parent-Child relationship.
 It helps in reusability of code.
 E.g. New Car version inherits properties from old versions.

What is Polymorphism?

 It means one name many forms.


 It makes reusability simple and also makes code understanding easy.
 There are two types of Polymorphism :
 Run-time Polymorphism (Dynamic Binding, Overriding)
 Decision making at Runtime by using runtime object.
 Used for adding additional functionality into existing one.
 Useful only in Parent-Child Relationship.
 Compile-time Polymorphism (Static Binding, Overloading)
 Best example of polymorphism is “println” method of “printstream” class.

Difference between IS-A relationship & HAS-A relationship?

IS-A relationship HAS-A relationship

It is also known as inheritance, it is It is acquiring class properties by creating

acquiring parent class properties. instance of that class.

It is achieved by “extends” keyword. It is achieved by “new” keyword.

Method with same name, signature but Method with same name and different return
different return types can’t be created in type can be created.

parent-child class.

Difference between Overloading & Overriding?

Overloading Overriding

Decision making done at compile-time, Decision making done at run-time, where


where compiling is based on reference JVM run is based on runtime object.

type.

We can overload method and constructor We can override method but we can’t

both. override constructor.

We can overload static, private and final We can’t override static, private and final

method. method.

E.g. “println” method of Printstream E.g. ‘equals’ method of object class and

class. ‘equals’ method of String class.

What is Static?

 Static is keyword.
 We can apply static keyword with variables, methods, blocks and classes.
 The static variable gets memory only once in the class area at the time of class loading. It can
be used to refer to the common properties of all objects, for example, the company name of
employees, college name of students, etc.
 A static method belongs to the class rather than the object of a class. It can be invoked without
the need for creating an instance of a class. It can access static data member and can change
the value of it. It can be used to setup database connection.
 Static block is used to initialize the static data member. It is executed before the main method
at the time of class loading.

What is non-static block?

 It is used for non-initializing content.


 Before calling constructor non-static block is executed.
What is constructor?

 A constructor in Java is a special method that is called when an object of a class is created.
 It is used to initialise object as well as non-static variables.
 Constructors can also take parameters to initialize data members.

What is Object?

 An object is an instance of a class.


 Objects have states and behaviours. Example: A dog has states - color, name, breed as well as
behaviours – eat, bark, smell.
 Ways we can create an object :
 By using new Operator : Test t = new Test();
 By using newInstance() :(Reflection Mechanism) Test
t=(Test)Class.forName("Test").newInstance();
 By using Clone() : Test t1 = new Test();
 Test t2 = (Test)t1.clone();
 By using Factory methods : Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime();
 DateFormat df = DateFormat.getInstance();
 By using Deserialization :
 FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("abc.ser");

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