Tutorial Vehicle Dynamics
1. Find the load transfer on the front and rear axle of a vehicle of mass 1300 kgs moving at the
constant speed of 5 m/s. If location of CG is 3 meters from the rear and 2 meters from front at
the height of 0.8 meters. Take Gradient of 3°and neglect aerodynamics forces.
The driver suddenly applies brakes to completely stop the vehicle with a force of 10 kN. Find
the stopping distance and stopping time. Also find the the load transfer on the front ad rear
axles during this process.
2. Find the location of C.G if the weight acting on the front axle is 10 kN and 5 kN at the rear at
2.7 meters apart. If the car is accelerated at the rate of 2m/s2, 1 kN the weight is shifted from
front to rear. Find the C.G. height a well.
3. Find the brake force required to stop a vehicle of mass 1600 kgs traveling at the speed of 90
km/hr within 50 meters.
Find the additional brake force required if aerodynamic drag factor is taken as 0.05 kg s2/m2.
if the effective rolling radius of tyre is 352 and 0.3 is the coefficient of friction of brake pads,
find the torque acting on brake pads and pressure applied on the pads.
4. The curb weights of a vehicle are 870 kgs on the front and 500 kgs on the rear axles, with
wheel base 2.7 meters and CG height of 0.8 m. An 80 kgs passenger weight is distributed as
60% and 40% to the front and rear axles respectively. The vehicle is to be accelerated at the
rate of 5 m/s2 at the uphill road of 6% gradient.
The air density of 1.225 kg/m3 strikes the 1.4 m2 frontal area of vehicle at 1 meter height at
relative velocity of 40 m/s. Assume coefficient of drag as 0.35.
Find the load distribution on the axles.
5. Find the maximum tractive force that can be developed by a solid rear axle with non locking
differential. Take the following data
wheel base: 4 meters
Wheel track: 1.2 meters
Wheel radius: 0.3 meters
Mass: 1800 kgs
C.G location : 2.2 meters from rear, 1.8 meters from front axles, 0.8 meters from ground.
Roll stiffness: front: 600 Nm/deg, 400 Nm/deg
Final drive Ratio: 3.4
Coefficient of friction (peak): 0.7
6. Find the difference in steering angle needed to make a turn of 4 meters radius at 0.8 m/s with
and without considering the slip. Take the following data if necessary:
Mass: 1200 kgs
C.G location: 2.6 meters from rear, 1.8 meters from front
Cornering stiffness: front 16kN/rad. Rear 12 kN/rad.
Also Find the yaw gain and lateral acceleration gain during both cases separately.
7. The centre of gravity of a 2000 kg vehicle is located 2.5 meters from the rear and 2 meters
from the front axle, longitudinally. The cornering stiffness of front and rear tyres are 38.92
kN/rad and 38.25 kN/rad. Determine the steady state handling behaviour of the vehicle. Also
find the required steering angle necessary to make the turn within 6 meters of turning radius at
a speed of 15 km/hr. Also find the curvature response
8. Find the natural frequencies of front and rear suspensions of a car of mass 1600 kgs,
distributed as 1000 kgs on front and 600 on rear. Consider the spring rates of suspension as 20
kN/m and 16 kN/m at front and rear respectively.
9. Find the pitch angle at 1.8 m/s2 acceleration of a rear axle drive car of total weight 2000 Kgs
whose C.G lies at 1 meter height from the ground and wheel base is 5 meters. Take 8 kN/m
and 5 kN/m as spring rates of front and rear suspensions respectively. Control arms are so
arranged that when extended they meet at a point which is horizontally 0.5 meters away from
rear wheel and vertically 0.09 meters away from the ground. Also find the condition for 100%
anti squat.
10.Find the amplitude of the force transmitted of a quarter car model of quarter mass 300 kgs. If a
force of 600 kN is acted upon the model with stiffness of 100 kN/m. Assume damping of 10%.
11. A vehicle applied brakes and experiences a dive. If the vehicle has wheel base of 5 meters
and C.G. at height of 0.8 meters. The virtual pivot point lies at 1.2 meters horizontally from
front axle and 0.24 meters from ground. Find the percentage of anti-dive property of that
vehicle. Consider brake fraction of front brakes as 0.32. Also find the moment on the Virtual
pivot point if 10 kN brake force was applied.
12. An experiment was done on a car using wind tunnel. During the experiment, a pitch moment
of 4 Nm was observed. If the air of density 1.204 kg/m3 was struck at the 1.4 m2 area of car
with speed of 8m/s. Find the coefficient of pitching moment due to aerodynamics forces.
Assume 4.5 m wheel base.
