Western Cape Education Department

Directorate: Curriculum FET

LIFE ORIENTATION
REVISION BOOKLET
2024 TERM 3

Grade 12

This revision program is designed to assist you in revising the critical

content and skills that you have covered during the 3ͬʳᵈ term. The purpose
is to prepare you to understand the key concepts and to provide you with
an opportunity to establish the required standard and the application of
the knowledge necessary to succeed in the examination.
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
SECTION A (type questions)

Answer ALL the questions in this section.

QUESTION 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
number (1.1.1–1.1.9), for example 1.1.11 D.

1.1.1 A strategy to prevent lifestyle diseases may include …

A helping and encouraging people to follow treatment
instructions and take their medication.
B avoiding the habits and behaviours that contribute to
lifestyle diseases.
C receiving medical treatment such as chemotherapy and
radiation.
D noticing symptoms and getting treatment early when the
illness starts. (1)

1.1.2 The social impact of long-term participation in physical activities

will result in …
A controlling your blood pressure.
B increased school performance.
C a favourable effect on productivity levels.
D better friendships and communication skills. (1)

1.1.3 Which ONE of the following best describes what should be

included in a job contract?
A The job advertisement, the company's equity process and
company policies and procedures.
B Job title, employee's role and responsibilities, lunch preferences
and company policies and procedures.
C Terms and conditions of employment, benefits and company
policies and procedures.
D The job advertisement, working hours, work ethics required of
the employee and company policies and procedures. (1)

1.1.4 The term 'organised labour' refers to …

A a workers' committee elected by fellow workers.
B an organisation that is mainly run by employers.
C workers of the same trade belonging to a union.
D a grouping of individual small business owners. (1)

1.1.5 The Act that promotes the settling of labour disputes between
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
employers and employees through peaceful negotiations is
contained in the …
A Employment Equity Act (EEA), 1998 (Act 55 of 1998)
B Labour Relations Act (LRA), 1995 (Act 66 of 1995)
C Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA), 1997 (Act 75
of 1997)
D Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA), 1993
(Act 85 of 1993). (1)

1.2 Give ONE word/term for each of the following descriptions. Write only
the word/term next to the question number (1.2.1–1.2.4).
1.2.1 Give the name of the chronic disease that affects glucose levels
in the blood. (1)
1.2.2 The process of helping a recovering drug addict to function
effectively in society. (1)
1.2.3 A legal term that describes the violation of a signed agreement
where one party is no longer able to honour the agreement (1)

1.3 Answer the following questions by writing the answer next to the
question number (1.3.1– 1.3.5). Write your answer in full sentences.
1.3.1 Explain why smoking of cigarettes may have a negative effect
on your physical appearance. (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.2 Explain ONE value-added benefit of physical activities to
promote your physical health and well-being. (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.3 Explain ONE way in which some religious and cultural
practices can cause ill health. (2 x 2) (4)

1.4 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow. Write your
answers in full sentences.

EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT AGREEMENT

IS IT LEGALLY BINDING?
Yes, employment contract agreement are legally binding. This means that both
parties are legally obligated to adhere to the terms of the contract. Breaches of
the contract can lead to legal repercussions.
EasyLegalDocs

1.4.1 Name TWO core elements of an employment/a job

contract. (2 x 1) (2)
1.4.2 Explain what the purpose of a employment/job contract is?
Name TWO purposes. (2 x 1) (2)
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
[20]
SECTION A (MEMO)

QUESTION 1

1.1 1.1.1 B () (1)

1.1.2 D () (1)
1.1.3 C () (1)
1.1.4 C () (1)
1.1.5 B () (1)

1.2 1.2.1 Diabetes/Sugar/Type 1-or Type 2-diabetes () (1)

1.2.2 Rehabilitation/ Rehab () (1)
1.2.3 Breach of contract () (1)

1.3 1.3.1 Explain why smoking of cigarettes may have a negative effect on
your physical appearance.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for ONE well-explained response.
Smoking may …
• result in a lack of oxygen in the blood vessels (✓) which
could cause… (any one of the following qualifiers) (✓)
- discoloration of the skin.
- uneven skin tone/spots on the skin.
- bad breath.
- yellow eyes.
- stains on nails/fingers.
- damages to/discoloration (✓) of gums and
teeth. (✓)
• lead to a high concentration of chemicals in the body (✓)
which may cause...(any one of the following qualifiers) (✓)
- sagging/losing elasticity of the skin.
- deeper wrinkles on the face.
• disrupt the natural process of hair growth (✓) which may
result in hair thinning/loss/baldness in some people. (✓)
• cause a drop in appetite (✓) which may result in
unnatural weight loss. (✓)
• Any ONE of the above responses for TWO
marks. (1 x 2) (2)

1.3.2 Explain ONE value-added benefit of physical activities to promote

your physical health and well-being.
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
Marks should be awarded as follows:
TWO marks (✓✓) for a well-explained response.
Value-added benefits of physical activity could promote your
physical health and well-being in that it may…
• strengthen your immune system, (✓) thereby preventing
illnesses such as colds, flu, any other possible viral
infections, etc. (✓)
• help you to control your weight (✓) which could prevent
illnesses that may result from being overweight. (✓)
• promote your brain health (✓) thereby enhancing your
overall brain function. (✓)
• improve your sleep patterns (✓) which may ensure that
you have more energy. (✓)
• develop your muscle strength/functions of your joints/
build stronger bone structure/improve your flexibility, (✓)
which may help in reducing ailments related to these
bodily functions. (✓)
• improve your cardiovascular fitness, (✓) thereby
ensuring healthier heart related conditions. (✓)
• Any ONE of the above responses for TWO
marks. (1 x 2) (2)

1.3.3 Explain TWO ways in which some religious and cultural practices
can ill-health.
Marks should be awarded as follows;
TWO marks (✓✓) for each well-explained responses.
Possible answers could be:
• Some cultures/religions may discourage people from
seeking medical help/going to the doctor/taking
medication/having blood transfusions/getting organ
transplants/donating organs, etc. (✓) what to serious
can lead to illness/death. (✓)
• Some people who strongly believe that only God can
heal them can make, may prevent them from seeking
medical help/medical refuse help (✓) which may cause
them not to receive medical treatment in time receive
and this may result in them getting sicker/may die. (✓)
• Unhealthy initiation ceremonies done by some
religions/cultures becomes (✓) may cause serious
infection/death. (✓)
• Some religions/cultures suggest alternative
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
medications/rates/potions that do not has not been
scientifically tested (✓) and it may interfere with Western
medicine practices/professional medical treatment that
can cause disease/death cause (✓)
• Certain religious/cultural practices prohibit the use of
condors (√) which may cause people to contract
sexually transmitted infections. (✓)
• Some baptism rituals in unsafe rivers may cause people
to going under water for a long time and drown (✓)
which leads to serious injuries/brain damage/can lead
to death (✓)
• Corrupt faith healers may convince people to seek
medical treatment refuse (✓) which could cause them
to die or get sick. (✓)
• Some religions are against abortion (even though it is
legal in South Africa) (✓) and this can lead to
unnecessary stress to raise an unplanned/unwanted
child to make. (✓)
• In some cultures, a sick person may prefer to see a
sangoma/traditionalist first to visit a doctor (✓) and
consequently delay the period to seek medical
care for a get sick (✓)
• In some African cultures, male relatives may be
expected to re-marrying (✓) /living with a widow of a
family member (✓)/ this can contribute to increase
the risk of sexually transmitted diseases. (✓)
• Any other TWO relevant, answers for TWO
marks each. (2 x 2) (4)

1.4 1.4.1 Name ONE core element of an employment/a job contract.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

One mark (✓) for TWO ell-explained response.

Some of the essential elements of an employment/a job contract:

• Names and address of all parties who are involved. (✓)
• Business description. (✓)
• Clearly defined role and job position. (✓)
• Work hours/ duration of schedule and length of job. (✓)
• Company protection and/or specific requirements. (✓)
• Compensation, Pay, and benefits. (✓)
• Any of the above responses for ONE mark. (2 x 1) (2)
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
1.4.2 Explain what the purpose of a job contract is? Name TWO
purposes.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

ONE marks (✓) each for a well-explained response.

• An employment contract regulates the terms and

conditions of employment between the employer and
the employee. (✓)
• It includes information on what the employer will provide. (✓)
• Specifies what the employee is entitled to in relation to
company policy. (✓)
• Benefits and labour legislation for the specific work
performed. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for ONE mark. (2 x 1) (2)

TOTAL: [20]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

SECTION B
Answer ALL the questions in this section. Write your answers in full sentences.

NB: In the NSC Exam there are only TWO questions in this section WHICH IS
COMPULSARY, but for preparation for the exam, there are more QUESTIONS in this
activity)

QUESTION 2
Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

TO HIRE OR NOT TO HIRE YOUNG PEOPLE?

The workplace in South Africa is regulated by various labour laws that seek to inform
how the workplace could reflect the principles of equity and redress that the
Constitution promotes. In other words, the workplace must apply the laws that could
inform the manner in which an employment contract should be developed and
applied, and how the recruitment of disadvantaged groups, especially the youth,
could be done fairly.
However, employers are not so keen on employing young people and this could
greatly affect job security for the youth. Considering the present unstable economic
climate, the workplace may not even retain the currently employed youth.
Also, without the application of the relevant labour laws, young workers may not even
be able to perform optimally in the workplace.
[Adapted from http://www.hiringyoungemployees.com. Accessed on 20 May 2021.]

2.1 Define the term labour laws. (1 x 2) (2)

2.2 Differentiate between the principles of equity and redress in the

workplace. (1 x 2) (2)

2.3 Explain the importance of a job contract for any young worker. (1 x 2) (2)

2.4 Discuss TWO benefits that you think a company may gain from
employing more young people. (2 x 2) (4)

2.5 What, do you think, may be the advantages for companies that are
keen to employ people from disadvantaged groups? (2 x 2) (4)

2.6 How could you, as a young worker, ensure that your rights in the
workplace are not violated? In EACH answer, also indicate how this
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
may further ensure that your work performance is not negatively
affected. (2 x 3) (6)

[20]

QUESTION 3
Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

SOUTH AFRICA – POOREST WORKER-EMPLOYER RELATIONS

RESULTING IN WIDESPREAD STRIKE ACTIONS
According to the World Economic Forum, South Africa has the worst worker-
employer relations in the world. This is often caused by disagreements between
workers and employers, eventually resulting in widespread strike actions in the
country.
It is therefore important, especially for young workers, to have thorough knowledge
of the South African labour laws in terms of worker-employer relations in the
workplace. Young workers need to familiarise themselves with the role of trade
unions in dealing with worker-employer relations.
Trade unions also have an important role to play in organising and monitoring
lawful strike actions, in order to assist workers in achieving a more positive
outcome after numerous unsuccessful engagements with employers. Even though
strike actions may be legal, it could involve possible consequences; therefore, the
decision to participate remains an individual's choice and their rights in this regard
should not be violated by those participating in these strike actions.
For South Africa to improve this poor image as highlighted in the World Economic
Forum report, both workers and employers should take responsibility to improve
their relationships in the workplace.
[Adapted from www.stellenboschbusiness.co.za. Accessed on 14/03/2023.]

3.1 State TWO possible factors that may lead to disagreements between
workers and employers in the workplace. (2 x 1) (2)

3.2 Describe ONE benefit for young workers who may have knowledge of
labour laws. (1 x 2) (2)

3.3 Explain ONE way in which trade unions could help prevent unlawful
activities during strike actions. (1 x 2) (2)

3.4 Discuss TWO ways in which the rights of workers, who choose not to
strike, may be violated by those participating in strike actions. (2 x 2) (4)

3.5 Assess TWO consequences that workers may have to consider when
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
choosing to participate in strike actions. (2 x 2) (4)

3.6 How could worker-employer relations be improved in the workplace?

In EACH answer, also indicate how this may benefit worker-employer
relations. (2 x 3) (6)

[20]
QUESTION 4
Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

'SELF-CENTRED' WORK ETHICS HINDER YOUNG EMPLOYEES

Some experts, who specialise in bridging the gap between the expectations of
different generations, say it is not that younger generations have no work ethics.
They have 'self-centred work ethics,' says Cam Marston.
This he said after a young worker failed to complete his duties because he was
more concerned about his personal issues. 'It's just not convenient.' These were the
exact words a young contract worker used when explaining to his employer why he
did not complete a project that was due the previous day. In his defence, the worker
said this: 'It wasn't as easy as I thought it would be. I ran into some problems along
the way. Plus, I've got a lot going on. I've got a life, you know. I am within my rights.
My trade union will protect me.'
The employer was not buying it. 'I don't care what generation you belong to, there's
this thing called work ethics. It is not about whether it's convenient or not.'
[Adapted from Career Consultant by Andrea Kay]

4.1 State ONE principle of work ethic and briefly explain how the contract
worker in the scenario above did not honour it. (1 + 2) (3)

4.2 Refer to the worker's words, 'My trade union will protect me'. Explain how
the trade union could intervene in this case. (1 x 2) (2)

4.3 Describe ONE communication skill that is important in building a positive

relationship between an employer and a worker. (2 x 2) (4)

4.4 Give ONE example of good work ethics and discuss how the practice
of these work ethics by an employee can benefit a company. (1 x 3) (3)

4.5 Evaluate how the job contract protects the interests and rights of the
employer in the scenario above. (2 x 2) (4)

4.6 Advise the young worker on how he could have handled the situation
differently instead of making excuses for not completing his work. (2 x 2) (4)
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

[20]

SECTION B (MEMO)

1. In this section, candidates' answers must be written in full sentences as far as

possible. Hence, within a 3- or 4-mark question, candidates could and should
be awarded 4, 3, 2 and 1 or a 0 (zero) depending on the level of answers
given.
2. It must be noted that in each category of the candidates' efforts, a distinction
must be made between excellent, good, satisfactory and poor responses.

QUESTION 2

2.1 Define the term labour laws.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for a well-explained response.

Definition:
Labour laws may refer to …
• a group of laws that informs/regulates the relationship between
employees, employers and labour organisations (✓) for the
promotion of labour peace/harmonious working relations at
the workplace. (✓)
• aspects of law that seek to deal with employer/employee rights
and responsibilities (✓) so that all involved could behave/do
their work in ways that would discourage unfair treatment
practices in the workplace.(✓)
• workplace regulations created to inform the employment
relationship between employees and employers/employers
and organised labour (✓) for the creation of a conducive/
positive working environment/climate for all in the
workplace. (✓)
• legislation that direct the employer and employee
relationship (✓) so that operations at the work place may be
done considering the rights and responsibilities of all
involved. (✓)
Any ONE of the above responses for TWO marks. (1 x 2) (2)
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
2.2 Differentiate between the principles of equity and redress in the work
place.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for a well-explained response.

Possible answers could include:

• Equity refers to the promotion of representativity in the work-
place through the employment of designated groups (youth,
women, people with disability, etc.) (✓) whereas redress seeks
to correct unfair discrimination/offer skills development
opportunities for the employment or promotion of these
individuals. (✓)
• Equity promotes the redistribution of income and wealth/
improvement of economic status by employing previously
disadvantaged individuals (✓) whereas redress makes
provision for the growth/development of the designated
groups. (✓)
• Equity refers to fairness/equal opportunities and fair
treatment (✓) whereas redress is a way to correct/fix something
that is wrong or unfair.(✓)
Any ONE of the above responses for TWO marks. (1 x 2) (2)

2.3 Explain the importance of a job contract for any young worker.

Marks should be awarded as follow:

TWO marks (✓✓) for a well-explained response.

It may enable young workers to know the …

• type/nature of work/duties to be performed (✓) so that they may
be certain of what is precisely required from them. (✓)
• number of working days/hours they have to work for at a
particular period (✓) so that they may know what they are
expected to be paid if normal working hours are exceeded. (✓)
• expected level of work to be performed (✓) so that they may be
assessed accordingly. (✓)
• benefits/salary/remuneration/leave/holidays, etc. that they are
entitled to (✓) so that they do not expect what is not provided
for in the contract. (✓)
• applicable procedures to be followed when they have
grievances (✓) so that they may know how to address the
issue. (✓)
• required working conditions according to the labour law (✓) so
that they may avoid being subjected to unhealthy/dangerous
working environments. (✓)
It may enable young workers to know…
 13
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
• what time they are expected to be at work/the closing time on a
daily basis (✓) so that they may adhere to the stipulated time. (✓)
• when they are subjected to unfair dismissal/treatment/
harassment, etc. (✓) as the contract states what is permitted
or not. (✓)
• which information could be kept confidential (✓) so that they
may not be coerced into revealing such information. (✓)
• what the expected code of conduct in the work place is (✓)
which may assist them to uphold the required standards/ethical/
moral codes in the work place. (✓)
Any ONE of the above responses for TWO marks. (1 x 2) (2)

2.4 Discuss TWO benefits that you think a company may gain from
employing more young people.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for each well-explained response.

The company could …

• build a more innovative work force (✓) since young people
seem to be more creative in their way of thinking and doing
things. (✓)
• establish a dedicated team of young people who would
continue to be more technologically savvy (✓) which may help
the company to remain relevant to the younger generation of
clients they may want to attract. (✓)
• stay abreast with current advancements in their particular
business field (✓) since people may seem more interested in
exploring the latest and smartest ways of doing things. (✓)
• retain its competitive edge against other companies rendering
the same services/products (✓) as young people seem to be
more enthusiastic to do things differently, thereby enabling the
company to identify niches in the market. (✓)
• reduce time on prolonged skills development programmes/
activities (✓) since young people may learn faster as they may
still be in a study mode. (✓)
• make use of the easiest and most efficient online learning/
training platforms (✓) since young people may not struggle to
engage in on-line learning. (✓)
• save money they may have had to spend on huge salaries to
experienced employees (✓) as most young people may qualify
to earn entry salaries. (✓)
• save money on retraining of old staff (✓) as younger people
may be more knowledgeable regarding the latest technology. (✓)
Any TWO of the above responses for TWO marks each. (2 x 2) (4)
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
2.5 What do you think the advantages may be for companies that are
keen to employ people from disadvantaged groups?

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for each well-explained response.

Companies could/may …
• become change agents in uplifting people from poorer
communities (✓) as part of their social responsibility. (✓)
• be encouraged to promote a more diverse work force (✓) which
may enable them to cater for the needs of the different groups
in society. (✓)
• benefit from the different perspectives/views/needs that the
different groups of employees may bring (✓) to determine the
real/actual nature of products/services that the different groups
in society may require. (✓)
• gain a wider pool of potential skills/knowledge that these groups
may offer (✓) and that could address the shortages of
important/scarce skills/knowledge in the company. (✓)
• then easily comply with the requirements of the Employment
Equity Act (EEA), 1998 (Act 55 of 1998 (✓) and that could save
the company money that would otherwise be spent towards
penalties for non-compliance. (✓)
• earn a good reputation in communities (✓) which may make
them more appealing to clients across society. (✓)
Any TWO of the above responses for TWO marks each. (2 x 2) (4)

2.6 How could you, as a young worker, ensure that your rights in the work
place are not violated? In each answer, also indicate how this may
further ensure that your work performance is not negatively affected.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

THREE marks (✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.

Possible answers could include:

• Know and understand your rights (✓) so that you may be able
to detect when your rights are violated/it may empower you to
address any form of violation immediately (✓) and in this way,
you may avoid any feelings of insecurities/uncertainties that
may cloud your focus on your work. (✓)
• Consistently use your rights when you interact with others in
the workplace (✓) as that may show possible violators that you
will not accept any form of violation (✓) and in this way you may
avoid wasting valuable working hours dealing with labour
relation issues. (✓)
 15
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
• Coach the violator about the importance of respecting other
peoples’ rights in the workplace (✓) which may assist the
violator to understand the devastating effects of such
behaviour (✓) and that could bring about healthier working
relations, enabling you to concentrate on your work. (✓)
• Do not give in to persistent acts of violation of your rights (✓)
since it may show them that you are serious about demanding
your rights to be respected (✓) and this may allow you to work
effectively without fear of possible violation. (✓)
• Immediately complain to the relevant authorities/expose the
culprits (✓) for him/her to be dealt with/taught a lesson/so that it
may prevent you from being violated over and over again (✓)
and this may promote an emotionally safe work environment. (✓)
• Never get involved in any form of corruption/bribery at work (✓)
which may prevent you from being violated by the same people
who collaborated with you in these unethical acts (✓) and this
may help you to function optimally without the constant worry/
concern about your integrity being forever questioned. (✓)
• You should sign a job contract (✓) so that your employer/
manager/supervisor/co-workers may not expect you to do work
that does not reflect in your job description (✓) and this may
enable you to do your own work effectively/prevent you from
neglecting your own work. (✓)
• Always respect the rights of everyone in the work place (✓) in
order for them to respect your rights in turn (✓) and this may
enable you to perform your work in a supportive environment. (✓)
• Ensure that you join a trade union (✓) so that it may show
others that you have protection from any form of violation in the
work place/deter others from attempting to violate your rights (✓)
and this may make you feel secure in your working
environment. (✓)
Any TWO of the above responses for THREE marks each. (2 x 3) (6)

[20]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

QUESTION 3

3.1 State TWO possible factors that may lead to disagreements between
workers and employers in the work place.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

ONE mark (✓) for each response.

Possible responses could include:

• Workers may not be happy with working conditions. (✓)
• Unresolved grievances. (✓)
• The employer may fail to meet the wage demands of the
workers. (✓)
• A certain group of workers may feel discriminated against by
the employer. (✓)
• The employer/workers may act in contravention of the job
contract. (✓)
• There may be no open channels of communication between the
employer and the workers. (✓)
• The employer may fail to create opportunities for career growth/
advancement in the work place. (✓)
• There may be a lack of trust between the workers and the
employer. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for ONE mark each. (2 x 1) (2)

3.2 Describe ONE benefit for young workers who may have knowledge
of labour laws.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for a well-explained response.

They would…
• then be more aware of their rights (✓) which may protect them
from employers who may abuse them. (✓)
• know if the company's policies may be in contravention with
 17
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
labour laws, (✓) enabling them to hold the employer
accountable for not adhering to these laws. (✓)
• be able to distinguish between fair and unfair labour practices in
the work place (✓) which may empower them to defend their
rights. (✓)
• understand the terms and conditions of their job contract (✓)
which may enable them to make informed decisions about
employment agreements. (✓)
• be familiar with the procedures to follow should their rights be
violated (✓) thereby ensuring that they use the correct
channels in reporting the violation. (✓)
• ensure that the organisation meets the expected standards of
the workers, (✓) ensuring that there may be improvement in the
operations of the organisation. (✓)
• be able to identify unsafe working conditions (✓) which may
assist them in taking appropriate action to report hazards/
unsafe practices to the relevant authorities. (✓)
• have knowledge of laws regarding disputes (✓) and may
therefore be able to take appropriate legal action. (✓)
• be able to guide/advise fellow workers on labour relation
issues (✓) thereby also empowering them in this regard. (✓)
• be able to recognise instances of discrimination, (✓) ensuring
that these may be addressed, to create a more inclusive work
environment. (✓)
• Any ONE of the above responses for TWO marks. (1 x 2) (2)

3.3 Explain ONE way in which trade unions could help prevent unlawful
activities during strike actions.

Marks should be awarded as follow:

TWO marks (✓✓) for a well-explained response.

Trade union leadership could…

• ensure that the protest is well planned (✓) so that there is a
structure in place to be followed. (✓)
• hold regular seminars/meetings for members (✓) where they are
made aware of the consequences of illegal/criminal activities
during strikes. (✓)
• create social media groups (✓) as a platform where members
may be reminded of the expected conduct during protest actions
/be informed of any unexpected actions that could lead to any
unlawful behaviour during strikes. (✓)
• work with law enforcement personnel during protest actions (✓)
by identifying people who may be displaying unacceptable
behaviour. (✓)
 18
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
On the day of the protest…
• protestors could be constantly reminded of the purpose/aim of
the strike action (✓) to help prevent any unruly behaviour. (✓)
• trade union leaders could be assigned to different hotspots (✓)
to help control the crowd/give directives. (✓)
• Any ONE of the above responses for TWO marks. (1 x 2) (2)

3.4 Discuss TWO ways in which the rights of workers, who choose not to
strike, may be violated by those participating in strike actions.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for each well-explained response.

They may be …
• forced to participate in the strike (✓) thereby denying/depriving
them of their right to freedom of choice. (✓)
• forcefully removed from the work premises (✓) which may
compromise their right to be in/safe in the work place. (✓)
• intimidated/threatened by those participating in the strike to not
speak out (✓) which may violate their right to freedom of
expression. (✓)
• labelled as cowards/snitches/informers (✓) and this may taint/
blemish their character/reputation for doing the right thing. (✓)
• targeted outside the workplace/in their communities (✓) which
may put their safety at risk. (✓)
They may…
• feel compelled to be an accomplice to unlawful actions that may
arise (✓) thus putting them at risk of being harmed/unfairly
arrested. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for TWO marks each. (2 x 2) (4)

3.5 Assess TWO consequences that workers may have to consider when
choosing to participate in strike actions.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for each well-explained response.

Possible responses could include:

• Their participation in the strike may strain their relationship with
their employer (✓) which may be difficult to restore once the
strike is over. (✓)
• There may be increased workloads for co-workers due to the
absence of their striking colleagues (✓) and this may create
long-lasting animosity/division among workers in the work
place. (✓)
• Their employer may have to consider reducing salaries, (✓)
 19
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
resulting in them no longer being able to meet their living
expenses. (✓)
• The strike may not yield the desired outcome (✓) which may
lead to workers having to compromise/accept alternative
solutions that may not fully address their concerns. (✓)
• They may be at risk of losing their jobs/being retrenched (✓)
thereby putting them in unnecessary financial difficulty. (✓)
• The strike may have a negative impact on the economy of the
country (✓) which may further increase the unemployment rate
in the country. (✓)
• They may lose some of the benefits in their employment
package (✓) which may negatively impact on their living
standards. (✓)
• The employer may fail to sustain customer-business relations/
offer supply of goods/services (✓) thereby putting the business
at risk of closing down. (✓)
• Workers may have to consider that they may not receive their
regular wages during the strike period, (✓) and not having
alternative sources of income, may place financial strain on
them and their families. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for TWO marks each. (2 x 2) (4)

3.6 How could worker-employer relations be improved in the work place?

In EACH answer, also indicate how this may benefit worker-employer
relations.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

THREE marks (✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.

Possible answers could include:

• Having an open-door policy/being open to discussions on any
matter that may be important to both workers and employers (✓)
may make both parties to feel free in engaging on any subject
at hand, (✓) leading to a better understanding between workers
and employers. (✓)
• Regarding/seeing/viewing differences as an opportunity for
collaboration, (✓) may encourage constructive/healthy debates
between workers and employers (✓) which may promote overall
teamwork in the work place.
• Creating an environment that allows all stakeholders to
participate in decision-making processes (✓) may ensure that
everyone is working towards a common goal (✓) and this may
foster a positive morale among workers and employers. (✓)
• Staying professional at all times (✓) may make workers and
employers feel valued/respected (✓) thereby sustaining overall
 20
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
healthy relationships in the work place. (✓)
If employers would…
• show trust in their workers (✓) they may be able to work more
independently, (✓) creating a more favourable work environment
for all. (✓)
• keep all parties up to date with any possible changes in the
system/organization, (✓) it may be easier for the affected parties
to accept/adapt to the changes (✓) thereby preventing conflict/
disagreements between workers and employers. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for THREE marks each. (2 x 3) (6)

[20]
QUESTION 4

4.1 State ONE principle of work ethic and briefly explain how the contract
worker in the scenario did not honour it.
Marks should be awarded as follows:
ONE mark (✓) for the principle and TWO marks (✓✓) for ONE well-
explained response.
Possible answers could be to:
• Punctuality; (✓) it is expected of the worker to meet deadlines (✓)
but the worker did not comply/complete a project that was due
the previous day. (✓)
• Responsibility; (✓) one has to fulfill one’s duty and take
responsibility for one’s actions (✓) but the worker did not fulfill his
duty. (✓)
• Organisation/time management; (✓) it is expected of one to
manage time and prioritise work (✓) but the worker did not fulfil
his duty. (✓)
• Reliability/Dependability; (✓) a worker should be trusted to do or
provide what is needed (✓) but the worker could not be relied
upon. ( ✓)
• Productivity; (✓) one must be able to show what one done for the
time allocated to to a project (✓) but the worker was unable to
do so. (✓)
• Attitude/respect/professionalism; (✓) one must have a positive
attitude towards one’s job and employer. In this scenario the
worker’s attitude toward was self-centred/challenging towards
his employer. (✓)
• Adaptability/Flexibility; (✓) one should be able to balance work
and personal life. (✓) The worker could not adapt to the
demands of the demands of his job and personal life. (✓)
 21
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
• Subordination/Subservience; (✓) it is expected of an employee
to obey instructions. (✓) In this case the employee showed a
bad attitude by speaking in the manner that he did to his
employer, e.g. ‘it’s just not convenient …’ (✓)
• Any other relevant response for THREE points (✓✓✓) (1 + 2) (3)

4.2 Refer to the worker's words, 'My trade union will protect me' and
explain how the union in this case would intervene in this case.

NOTE to the teacher:

The role of the trade union in this question is limited to the scenario.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) for ONE well-explained response.
Possible answers:
The trade union can
• represent the worker in a disciplinary hearing (✓) against unfair
dismissal/labour practices/discrimination/abuse, but not protect
him in his wrongdoing. (✓)
• act as a mediator to solve the problems (✓) and listen to both
sides. (✓)
• defend him if he has good grounds for a dispute (✓) by
mitigating his case. (✓)
• plead for leniency based on procedural grounds (✓) that relates
to employees being given training to develop new skills and
knowledge to execute duties effectively. (✓)
• Any other relevant response for TWO marks. (1 x 2) (2)

4.3 Describe ONE communication skill that is important in building a

positive relationship between an employer and a worker.

Points must be awarded as follows:

TWO marks (✓✓) each for TWO well-explained response.

Possible answers could be:

• Listen with empathy (✓) in order to take others' feelings, needs
and concerns into consideration. (✓)
• Listen carefully/paying attention/showing interest (✓) in order to
show your acknowledgment of other. (✓)
• Using positive body language (✓) in order to make the other
person can feel valued. (✓)
• Avoid interrupting others (✓) in order to allow others to express
themselves. (✓)
• Avoid laughing and teasing people when they share their
feelings and opinions (✓) in order to show your respect and
 22
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
validation of others. (✓)
• Clearly and appropriately expressing your own views/feelings/
beliefs or attitudes (✓) so that the other person can understand
your viewpoint. (✓)
• Respecting the feelings/beliefs or attitudes of others (✓) so that
others can feel included and considered. (✓)
• Use 'I-messages' (✓) in order to avoid blame shifting/judging
others. (✓)
• Communicating on a human level (✓) as relationships are more
important than beliefs. (✓)
• Checking your attitudes and values (✓) in order to allow to
express themselves. (✓)
• Checking the assumptions/intentions or feelings of oneself and
others (✓) so that misunderstandings can be avoided. (✓)
• Any other relevant response for TWO marks. (2 x 2) (4)

4.4 Give ONE example of good work ethics and discuss how the practice
of these work ethics by an employee can benefit a company.

Points must be awarded as follows:

THREE marks each (✓✓✓) for ONE well-explained response.

Possible answers.
• When good communication is practiced (✓) conflict can be
avoided/resolved (✓) and thus creating a pleasant working
environment. (✓)
• Honesty/ not taking or using what is not theirs for personal
gain (✓) it discourages crime and corruption (✓) thus favor and
affirm the company's good reputation. (✓)
• Positive attitude, where he/she is optimistic and willing to share
responsibility (✓) and thus create a pleasant working
environment (✓) in which productivity improve the workplace. (✓)
• Good interpersonal skills (✓) reduce the possibility of conflict (✓)
and create an atmosphere of mutual respect and understanding. (✓)
• Punctuality (✓) to get to work/meetings on time sets a good
example for others (✓) and encourage other colleagues to be
punctual as well. (✓)
• Responsibility (✓) the company will be managed efficiently (✓)
and this will reflect a positive image of the company. (✓)
• Mentoring/Sharing of their skills and knowledge with others (✓)
will improve their effectiveness at work (✓) and encourage them
to work more effectively. (✓)
• Appropriately dressed/trimmed (✓) improves the image of the
person as well as setting a good image of the company (✓) and
 23
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
thus improve the public image of the company. (✓)
• Loyalty (✓) builds trust between colleagues/customers (✓)
encourages a spirit of honesty (✓) and thus create a healthy and
lasting relationships between workers/clients. (✓)
• Ability to work independently (✓) develops professionals with
confidence (✓) who inspire others to be productive in the
workplace. (✓)
• Ability to be flexible shows that he/she is willing to do work that
is not necessarily part of his/her job description (✓) and may
result in others also willing to do the same, (✓) and thus improve
the effectiveness of the company. (✓)
• Ability to work in a team, encourages cooperation between
people with different skills and intellectual abilities (✓) which will
result in effective decision-making (✓) and have mutual
agreement and understanding to reach the goals of the
company. (✓)
Or any other relevant response for THREE marks. (1 x 3) (3)

4.5 Evaluate how the job contract protect the interests and rights of the
EMPLOYER in the scenario.

NOTE TO teacher:
NO marks should be awarded if the learner follows the core elements of the
employment contract or refer to the worker himself.

THE FOCUS IS ON THE RIGHTS OF THE EMPLOYER AND NOT THE

EMPLOYEE.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks each (✓✓) for TWO well-explained responses.

Possible answers could be:

• The job contract clearly states the duties of the worker (✓)
therefore the employer is within his rights to insist the work is
done as the job contract stipulates. (✓)
• The worker is bound to perform his/her stipulated duties without
any valid excuses (✓) therefore the employer can give a warning
or dismiss the worker. (✓)
• Workers have duties and responsibilities towards their employers
as set out in the job contract (✓) therefore the employer can take
disciplinary actions even though the worker belongs to a trade
union. (✓)
• Workers should obey all lawful and reasonable instructions from
their employers (✓) otherwise the worker is in breach of the job
contract. (✓)
• Any other relevant response for TWO marks. (2 x 2) (4)
 24
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
4.6 Advice the young worker on how he could have handled the situation
differently instead of making excuses for not completing his work.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

TWO marks each (✓✓) for TWO well-explained responses.

Possible answers could be:

The young worker could have…
• spoken to the employer about extending deadlines (✓) so that
the employer could have been aware of possible delays. (✓)
• informed the employer about any challenges which might have
prevented him from reaching the deadline (✓) so that the
employer could have taken preventative measures. (✓)
• put in extra work time before the deadline (✓) to show his
commitment/dedication to get the job done. (✓)
• asked his colleagues for help to complete the work/advise on
how to cope with workplace demands (✓) to show that he is
willing to learn from others. (✓)
• approached someone he trusted/asked for a mentor to share his
concerns about not coping with his workload (✓) thereby
showing that he aimed to find a healthy balance between work
and personal demands. (✓)
• requested support/development/training/retraining from the
human resource department/supervisor/manager (✓) so that he
would have been capacitated/empowered to fulfil his duties
effectively. (✓)
• asked to be included in an employee wellness programme (✓) to
help him deal/cope with his personal issues. (✓)
• Any other relevant response for TWO marks. (2 x 2) (4)

[20]

TOTAL: [40]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

SECTION C (type questions)

Answer any TWO questions in this SECTION.

Your responses must consist of paragraphs. Marks will only be allowed for responses
written in full sentences.

(NB: In the NSC Exam there are only THREE questions in this section, but for
preparation for the exam, there are more QUESTIONS in this activity)

QUESTION 5

Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

THE DEVASTATION OF CRISES AND DISASTERS

The unforeseen devastation caused by global crises and disasters, such as the
Covid-19 pandemic and HIV/Aids and has taken a significant toll on people across the
world. The rapid spread of such diseases causes global health crises, which impact
severely on the livelihood¹ of people.
Glossary:
¹livelihood: income, employment, businesses and jobs
[Adapted from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com, Accessed on 29 January 2021]

Write paragraphs on crises and disasters.

Use the following as a guideline:

• State FOUR benefits for a person who detects a disease early enough. (4 x 1) (4)

• Analyse the negative effect of people's personal views about infectious

diseases on the health and safety of people. (2 x 4) (8)

• Evaluate the impact of a crisis, such as the global Covid-19 pandemic,

on the current trends in the job market. (2 x 4) (8)

[20]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

QUESTION 6

Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

THE EVER-EXISTING PREJUDICES ABOUT PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH

Eighteen-year old Tulika posed the following questions: 'Why do we treat

psychological health as if it is no big deal? Why do we say to a person in grief
that they are just overreacting? Could this tendency be a major contributing
factor to the destructive behaviour of young people that we are all so concerned
about? Isn't it time to accept that psychological/mental health is as important as
physical health?'
[Adapted from https:// www.medicalnewstoday.com. Accessed on 20 February 2021.]

Write paragraphs on human factors causing ill-health.

Use the following as a guideline:

● Give FOUR factors that could possibly cause people to (4 x 1) (4)

develop psychological problems throughout life.

● Analyse TWO ways in which poor psychological health (2 x 4) (8)

could contribute to the destructive behaviour of many
young people.

● Discuss in detail why you think psychological health is (2 x 4) (8)

often treated with prejudice rather than understanding.

[20]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

QUESTION 7

Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

FINDING MEANING IN WORK

Finding work meaningful is something that every worker should experience.
However, some people may not find meaning in their work, hence they are
most likely to act unethically in the workplace.
[Adapted from https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/what-makes-work-meaningful-or-meaningless.
Accessed on 3 December 2020.]

Write paragraphs on the value of work and work ethics.

Use the following as a guideline.

● State FOUR ways in which work could give you a sense of (4 x 1) (4)
purpose in life.

● Analyse why it is necessary for all workers to follow the (2 x 4) (8)

required ethical behaviour in the workplace.

● Critically discuss the importance of understanding your (2 x 4) (8)

core values to ensure that you find meaning in your work.

[20]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

QUESTION 8

Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

DISABLED WORKER TAKES ON EMPLOYER OVER DISMISSAL

Labour Laws
A 33-year-old disabled full-time worker was dismissed after having worked for
more than four years in a rehabilitation unit for disabled patients. She took her
employer to the labour court, accused them of acting against labour legislation.
She was informed that there were 'concerns' about her ability to care for patients
and was given her final pay cheque on the same day.
The employer argued that her dismissal was fair, that they are inclusive and
always act in the best interest of all their workers according to the company's
values, vision and purpose.
[Adapted from https://www.medicalbrief.co.za/. Accessed 10 September 2020.]

Write paragraphs on labour laws.

Use the following as a guideline.

● Identify the relevant Labour Law that applies to the scenario (4 x 1) (4)
above and give THREE possible reasons why the dismissal
could be regarded unfair.

● Discuss FOUR possible reasons why a worker could be (2 x 4) (8)

fairly dismissed.

● Recommend TWO ways in which disabled people, like the (2 x 4) (8)

worker in the scenario above, could protect themselves from
unfair dismissal. In EACH answers, also indicate how EACH
way could help to promote inclusivity of disabled persons in
the workplace.
[20]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

SECTION C (MEMO)

1. Candidates must answer any TWO (2) questions in this section. Should the
candidate answer all three questions, only the first TWO will be marked. The
remaining question should be struck out and the following abbreviation should
be written ‘ENQR’ (Exceeded number of questions required).

2. Candidates’ answers must be in PARAGRAPHS. Marks will only be

awarded for answers that are written in full sentences.

QUESTION 5

NOTE TO TEACHER:
• In this question, candidates' answers must be written in full sentences
as far as possible. Hence, within the 4-mark question, candidates could
and should be awarded 4, 3, 2 and 1 or a 0 (zero) depending on the
level of answers given.
• To be awarded the full FOUR marks, candidates must give a statement, (√)
elaborate on the statement, (√) qualify (√) and give an outcome. (√)

Mention FOUR benefits for a person who detects a disease early enough.
Marks should be awarded as follows:
ONE mark (✓) for each response.
Possible answers could include:
• The chances for someone making a full recovery is better. (✓)
• Unnecessary death/fatalities may be prevented/the odds of
surviving are greater. (✓)
• Treatment could be more effective. (✓)
• A person's quality of life may not be affected as severely. (✓)
• Restoring/maintaining good health may not be so costly. (✓)
• The condition could be managed/controlled instead of worsening. (✓)
• Appropriate lifestyle interventions could be done, leading to a
longer, healthier life. (✓)
• Harm to other organs in the body may be prevented/your overall
health may be protected. (✓)
• It may prevent a disease from fully developing. (✓)
• The chances of a long-term cure are much better than if the
disease has progressed. (✓)
• Any FOUR of the above responses for ONE mark each. (4 x 1) (4)

Analyse the negative effect of people's personal views about infectious

diseases on the health and safety of people.
Marks should be awarded as follows:
 30
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
FOUR marks (✓✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.
NOTE: To be awarded the full FOUR marks, candidates must give a
statement, (✓) elaborate on the statement, (✓) qualify it (✓) and give an
outcome. (✓)

If people should…
• form their own theories about the disease/virus (✓) it may influence
others to believe those opinions (✓) which may lead to the spread
of fake news (✓) and this may cause confusion among people about
whether they should comply with safety regulations or not. (✓)
• misuse what may seem to be normal social and economic activity (✓)
and become complacent with the crisis situation (✓) it may cause
them to engage carelessly with others (✓) and this may put
themselves and others at a higher risk of contracting the disease/
virus. (✓)
• choose to deny the reality of such a disease (✓) as their own way
of coping with such a health crisis (✓) it may make them to ignore
the devastating effects of such a disease (✓) and this may cause
them to unintentionally spread the disease/ virus.( ✓)
• argue that it is their right to not disclose their health status, (✓)
knowing well that they may infect others (✓) they may thereby only
consider their own interest (✓) and this may deprive others of their
right to be safe and stay healthy. (✓)
• prefer to not trust the scientific evidence of how the disease/virus
is contracted/spread (✓) they may believe that the disease is
merely a political conspiracy (✓) and they may then refuse to
comply with compulsory safety precautions (✓) leading them to
disregard the seriousness of the disease. (✓)
• put their faith entirely in religious/traditional practices (✓) they may
believe that they will not contract the disease/virus by doing so (✓)
which may cause them to not trust in any other form of prevention/
treatment (✓) and this may lead to unnecessary illness/untimely
deaths. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for FOUR marks each. (2 x 4) (8)

Evaluate the impact of a crisis such as the global COVID-19 pandemic on the
current trends in the job market.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

FOUR marks (✓✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.

NOTE: To be awarded the full FOUR marks for the EVALUATION,

candidates must give a statement, (✓) qualify the statement, (✓) give a
 31
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
second statement, (✓) qualify the second statement. (✓)

Possible answers could include:

• There has been an extreme downturn in economic activity as a
result of this global crisis (✓) which had an even more severe
impact on youth employment possibilities; (✓) however, this
situation has created an opportunity for many young people to
become entrepreneurs/to come up with innovative entrepreneurial
ideas (✓) which eventually has become long-term/sustainable
employment options for many of them. (✓)
• The economic restrictions that the global pandemic brought about
has caused a massive decline in work-based learning opportunities (✓)
which has amplified the difficulties that young jobseekers already
experienced prior to the pandemic; (✓) however, many virtual
platforms have since been created (✓) affording people alternative
access to different learning opportunities. (✓)
• An even greater percentage of young people now have to compete
for one job (✓) which has mainly advantaged the best skilled young
workers; (✓) thus forcing others to identify/acknowledge their
shortcomings, (✓) resulting in opportunities for them to gain new
skills to survive in the current job-hunting climate. (✓)
• Many people lost their jobs/had to take a cut in salary/had a
disruption in their careers (✓) which means that they now have to
compete with a new cohort joining the labour force; (✓) spurring
many people to unlock other talents/entrepreneurial skills (✓)
opening up a completely new working world to them. (✓)
• There has been a shift in job skills demands, (✓) forcing many
workers to rapidly adapt and learn new technological skills; (✓)
resulting in a higher demand for technical courses/online crash
courses in technology (✓) so that people could meet the demands
of remote working at a national/international level. (✓)
• Many companies had to change their business strategies in order
to survive in this recession period (✓) to stay relevant in this sudden
changing business environment; (✓) resulting in them having to
come up with innovative ways to market their business (✓) thereby
creating new job opportunities for others. (✓)
• Face to face recruitment processes could no longer be done because
of international lockdown regulations (✓) which caused serious
delays in people being appointed to available positions; (✓) in turn,
companies had to adapt to online recruitment processes/virtual
platforms (✓) which has become an easier/faster way to connect
with candidates/retrieve any necessary documentation/information
from candidates. (✓)
• Most companies had to work from home (✓) so that they could still
 32
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
deliver services/keep their clientele/make business; (✓) however,
working from home has caused some workers to feel isolated (✓)
as they no longer have colleagues around them to depend on for
assistance. (✓)
• Many companies have retrenched workers (✓) since they realized
that the company could do without people in certain positions; (✓)
whereas other companies have used this situation as an opportunity
to monitor/evaluate the work of employees more closely (✓) thereby
holding more people accountable for their productivity/deliverables. (✓)
• Many people, especially those who were mainly office based, had to
adapt to working from home (✓) forcing them to learn new ways of
working and managing their household responsibilities at the same
time (✓) (any one of the following)…
- resulting in some people appreciating it as an opportunity to
spend more time with their families (✓) thereby preferring to work
as digital nomads. (✓)
- resulting in others missing the interaction with other colleagues
/work environment (✓) thereby still preferring to work from the
office. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for FOUR marks each. (2 x 4) (8)

[20]
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

QUESTION 6

NOTE TO TEACHER:
In this question, candidates' answers must be written in full sentences as far as
possible. Hence, within the 4-mark question, candidates could and should be
awarded 4, 3, 2 and 1 or a 0 (zero) depending on the level of answers given.
To be awarded the full FOUR marks, candidates must give a statement, (√)
elaborate on the statement, (√) qualify (√) and give an outcome. (√)

Give FOUR possible factors that could cause people to develop psychological
problems throughout life.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

ONE mark (√) for each response.

Possible answers could include:

• Traumatic life experiences, e.g. gender based violence/bullying/
accidents/rape/ sexual assault/sexual harassment/death or loss of a
loved one, etc. (√)
• A low self-esteem/self-perceived incompetence/always feeling flawed (√)
• Having a general negative attitude towards life/choosing to always
perceive life negatively (√)
• Poor academic/work achievements (√)
• Stressful life situations, e.g. constantly in conflict with the law/financial
problems/ unsafe living conditions/living in constant fear for your life,
etc. (√)
• Being in abusive relationships or friendships (√)
• Living in poverty (√)
• Feeling dehumanized/degraded/disrespected all the time (√)
• Poor social/communication skills (√)
• Acts of discrimination against you (√)
• A lack of access to reliable support structures in your life. (√)
• Any FOUR of the above responses for ONE mark each. (4 x 1) (4)

Analyse TWO ways in which poor psychological health could contribute

to the destructive behaviour of many young people.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

FOUR marks (✓✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.

NOTE: To be awarded the full FOUR marks, candidates must give a

statement, (✓) elaborate on the statement, (✓) qualify it (✓) and give an
outcome.( ✓)
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
If poor psychological health …
• in young people is not treated () they may struggle with constant
unpleasant thoughts () which may cause them to turn to unhealthy
coping strategies () and this may lead to them acting out in ways that
may be harmful to themselves and others. ()
• becomes a behavioural risk factor () it could drive young people
to abuse substances,() as a way to manage the intense emotions
they may experience () and this may cause them to easily give in to
behaviour that may have damaging effects on their lives. ()
• is misdiagnosed (✓) it could lead to further deterioration of an
individual’s mental health condition (✓) which they may find difficult
to cope with (✓) and this may cause frustration, leading to
irresponsible/ uncontrollable behaviour. (✓)
• is not attended to at an early stage, (✓) those suffering from such
conditions may experience feelings of hopelessness (✓) since they
may feel that they have no control over their situation (✓) and this
may increase the likelihood of relying on self-injurious behaviour to
compensate for that feeling of powerlessness. ()
• is deliberately ignored/not recognised by parents/family members/
teachers () it could be very challenging to such young people,
since they themselves may not know how to deal with it () and as a
form of attention seeking/crying out for help() they may then resort
to any possible form of inappropriate behaviour. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for FOUR marks each. (2 x 4) (8)

Discuss in detail why you think psychological health is often treated with
prejudice rather than understanding.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

FOUR marks (✓✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.

NOTE: To be awarded the full FOUR marks, candidates must give a

statement, () elaborate on the statement, () qualify it () and
give an outcome. ()

It could be that …
• some people have their own beliefs about psychological health (✓)
which is often formed by their own personal knowledge, (✓) merely
based on the fact that they know/interact with someone living with
mental illness, (✓) and this causes them to accept it as ‘normal’. (✓)
• people living with such illnesses are seen as an embarrassment (✓)
and that is why psychological disorders are often stigmatized, (✓)
leading to society continually devaluing/degrading such individuals (✓)
and this stigmatisation is further perpetuated/continued in society. (✓)
• people’s beliefs about the origin/nature of mental illnesses are often
influenced by some religious teachings, (✓) which do not allow them
to associate with such individuals, (✓) thereby negatively affecting
their attitude towards the mentally ill (✓) and this further alienates such
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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
individuals from society. (✓)
• some cultural belief systems consider mental illness as a weakness, (✓)
consequently regarding it as something that should be hidden, (✓)
thereby making it even more difficult for those struggling with such
illnesses/family members to talk openly about it (✓) hence they are not
given the relevant support/treatment. (✓)
• psychological issues are often stereotyped due to gender imbalances (✓)
as some males regard certain behaviour/reactions by females as mere
hysteria/being overemotional/melodramatic (✓) while such behaviour
could in fact be triggered by unresolved psychological issues/genetic
mental issues, (✓) and in this way they create false perceptions with
others about this matter. (✓)
• society negatively influences how people with psychological illnesses
deal with their symptoms (✓) which leads to such individuals not
wanting to acknowledge that they are suffering from a mental illness, (✓)
causing them to rather ignore the illness (✓) and this often leads to
family/friends/community not being able to understand their behaviour. (✓)
• some people are ignorant/unfamiliar with/unaware of psychological
illnesses (✓) showing that they do not have the necessary skills to
identify signs/symptoms of people with mental health problems (✓)
which makes it difficult for those living with it to find people who
understand their particular experiences/concerns/fears (✓) and this
further increases psychological health issues in society. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for FOUR marks each. (2 x 4) (8)

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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

QUESTION 7

NOTE TO TEACHER:
• In this question, candidates' answers must be written in full sentences as far
as possible. Hence, within the 4-mark question, candidates could and should
be awarded 4, 3, 2 and 1 or a 0 (zero) depending on the level of answers
given.

Mention FOUR ways in which work could give you a sense of purpose in life.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

ONE mark (✓) for each response.

Possible answers could include:

• Each day of your life may be filled with daily goals to accomplish. (✓)
• You have a specific role to play at your work place. (✓)
• You may learn new skills and experience different things every day. (✓)
• You may experience a sense of companionship/camaraderie/that you
are part of/belong/fit in with your peers/colleagues. (✓)
• It may afford you opportunities to grow as a person in different facets
of your life/ explore alternative career paths. (✓)
• You are able to contribute to the economy and your community. (✓)
• It may instill feelings of self-worth/accomplishment/significance. (✓)
• You may be doing what you love/heeding your calling in life. (✓)
• You may feel that your life is valuable and rewarding to yourself and
others. (✓)
• It could give you balance in life. (✓)
• It may offer you certainty/financial and/or emotional stability/direction
in life. (✓)
• You could serve as a role model to other members of your
community. (✓)
• Any FOUR of the above responses for ONE mark. (4 x 1) (4)

Analyse why it is necessary for all workers to follow the required ethical
behaviour in the work place.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

FOUR marks (✓✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.

NOTE: To be awarded the full FOUR marks, candidates must give a

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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
statement, (✓) elaborate on the statement, (✓) qualify it (✓) and give an
outcome. (✓)

If all workers would…

• do their work with diligence (✓) they would strive to continually
perform at their level best (✓) which may greatly improve the overall
productivity in the work place (✓) and this may assist in achieving the
common goal of the company. (✓)
• commit to always function efficiently (✓) it may lessen any possible
frustration among co-workers (✓) which may create a sense of a
joined work force (✓) and this may enable everyone to complete their
work within the required time limits. (✓)
• take pride in their work (✓) they would do their work with the
necessary enthusiasm(✓) thereby ensuring outstanding service
delivery at all times (✓) and this may strengthen the integrity of every
worker in the company. ( ✓)
• honour the responsibilities assigned to them, (✓) then each one would
also accept accountability for their own failures/successes (✓) which
may prevent any possible hostility among workers (✓) and this may
enhance good working relationships in the workplace. (✓)
• aim to be professional at all times (✓) everyone could be encouraged
to strictly follow this conduct (✓) which may help all workers to
maintain the same working standards (✓) thereby ensuring that the
principles of the company are upheld. (✓)
• treat each other with respect under all circumstances (✓) it could
inspire a positive change to the manner in which they engage with
one another (✓) which may foster an attitude of mindfulness (✓) and
this may secure an emotionally safe working environment for
everyone. (✓)
• show integrity in all that they do (✓) they may refrain from engaging
in dishonest practices (✓) which may prevent fraud/corruption in the
workplace (✓) and this may ensure that everyone would strive to
maintain high morals in the work place. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for FOUR marks. (2 x 4) (8)

Critically discuss the importance of understanding your core values to

ensure that you may find meaning in your work.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

FOUR marks (✓✓✓✓) for each well-explained response.

NOTE: To be awarded the full FOUR marks, candidates must give a

statement, (✓) elaborate on the statement, (✓) qualify it (✓) and give an
 38
L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
outcome. (✓)

Possible answers could include:

• Exploring your core values first, is an important step toward setting
realistic career goals (✓) as you cannot set a goal for what you want
if you do not know what you are looking for (✓) but being aware of
your core values could give you clarity about what you want from
life (✓) and this could put you in a better position to pursue a job that
would be meaningful to you. (✓)
• Identifying your core values is crucial in making important life
decisions (✓) as it may enable you to prioritize these values (✓) which
may then guide you in finding a job that would offer the values that
you are looking for (✓) and this may help you to reflect if you are
following the right career. (✓)
• Defining your core values is important when pursuing a job
opportunity (✓) since this may help you to determine whether your
own values are in line with the work values (✓) and if not, whether you
would be able to adapt otherwise, (✓) and this may help you to view
job opportunities through the correct lens. (✓)
• Your core values could be the compass that leads you to a suitable
career (✓) so it is vital that you always revisit these values (✓) to
make sure that you do not lose sight of what really matters in your
life (✓) and this may help you to determine what career moves you
should or should not make/whether you should keep or leave a job. (✓)
• When you clearly outline your core values (✓) it may help you to do
reflection of what is important for you in a job, (✓) providing you with
more guidance when you have to consider the prospects of the job (✓)
and this may make it easier for you to either accept or decline a
particular job. (✓)
• Your core values could help you to determine the significance of a
specific job to you (✓) and by following these values early in your
career (✓) may make it easier to decide which job opportunities you
could consider (✓) and this may help you to find the job that would
offer you the satisfaction/contentment that you are looking for in a
job. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for FOUR marks. (2 x 4) (8)

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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4

QUESTION 8

NOTE TO TEACHER:
• In this question, candidates' answers must be written in full sentences
as far as possible. Hence, within the 4-mark question, candidates could
and should be awarded 4, 3, 2 and 1 or a 0 (zero) depending on the level
of answers given.
• To be awarded the full four marks candidates must give a statement, (✓)
qualify the statement, (✓) qualify (✓) and give an outcome. (✓)

Identify the relevant labour law that applies to the scenario above and give
TWO possible reasons why the dismissal could be regarded as unfair.

Marks should be awarded as follows:

ONE mark (✓) for the labour law and ONE mark (✓) for each reason.

The relevant labour law:

• Labour Relations Act (LRA), 1995, (Act 66 of 1995) (✓)
• Employment Equity Act (EEA), 1998, (Act 55 of 1998) (✓)
• Any ONE of the above responses for ONE mark. (1)
AND
The worker may not have been given any …
• verbal warning followed by a first, second and final written warning. (✓)
• warning before her dismissal/real reason for her to be dismissed. (✓)
• fair chance to defend herself/have a trade union representative/fellow
worker to support her case before she was dismissed. (✓)
• formal written notification of dismissal. (✓)
The worker may have been …
• found incapable of performing her duties without any opportunity of
being retrained. (✓)
• summarily dismissed without the notice period of termination of
employment of at least 12 to 24 months. (✓)
• dismissed without a formal hearing/an investigation to determine
any/just grounds for dismissal. (✓)
• fired based on her physical disability only. (✓)
• Any THREE of the above responses for ONE mark each. (3 x 1) (3)

Discuss THREE possible reasons why a worker could be fairly dismissed.

Marks should be awarded as follow:

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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
TWO marks (✓✓) for each of the FOUR well-explained responses.

A worker could be fairly dismissed on the grounds of the following:

• Misconduct, where the worker has broken one/more condition(s) of
employment, e.g. continually missing/late for work/absenteeism/poor
discipline/substance abuse/theft/dishonesty/involvement in illegal
activities (✓) as all workers should be familiar with the code of conduct
that applies to all staff members. (✓)
• An inability of the worker to perform the required standard of work (✓)
despite the necessary support/interventions that have been offered. (✓)
• Unresolvable conflict between a worker and his/her colleagues (✓)
as this may hinder the performance of the workforce/drag the morale
down/lead to particular workers becoming less committed to their
work. (✓)
• Long-term/persistent illness, making it impossible for the worker to
perform his/her duties (✓) as this may negatively affect the overall
productivity/progression of work/exceed the permitted/legal
provisions for absence. (✓)
• The need of an employer to reduce the workforce (✓) as new
technologies/systems may have led to some workers becoming
redundant/for economic reasons/due to inability of the company to
keep them employed/operational requirements. (✓)
• The job contract of a worker may have expired/business had to close
down (✓) since the company may no longer require their service. (✓)
• When a worker unreasonably refuses to do the work/accept changes
to his/her employment conditions as per the job contract (✓) which
may have occurred as a result of re-organisation in the company. (✓)
• If a worker cannot be reasonably accommodated in the workplace (✓)
as there may be no other appropriate job available for the worker. (✓)
• Submission of a fraudulent CV and qualifications (✓) as this
contravenes (goes against) the job requirements. (✓)
• Any FOUR of the above responses for TWO marks each. (4 x 2) (8)

Recommend TWO ways in which disabled people, like the worker in the
scenario above, could protect themselves from unfair dismissal. In EACH
answer, also indicate how EACH way could help to promote inclusivity of
disabled persons in the workplace.

Marks should be awarded as follow:

FOUR marks each (✓✓✓✓) for TWO well-explained responses.

Disabled people could ensure that they…

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L.O. Revision Booklet 2024 Gr 12 Term 3 & 4
• have knowledge/understand their rights as set out in the labour
laws (✓) which could help to prevent any unfair discrimination against
them/ (✓) empower them to negotiate any work-related issues that may
arise (✓) and in this way the rights of persons with disabilities could
also be protected in the workplace. (✓)
• join a workers' union that also represents their rights (✓) which could
provide them with legal protection (✓) against any unfair actions by an
employer (✓) and this may guarantee that the job security of all
persons with disabilities could be safeguarded. (✓)
• know the conditions of service as set out in their job contracts (✓) so
that they could make sure that the employer adheres to these
conditions (✓) and in this way all persons with disabilities could be
certain that no unreasonable demands (✓) may be made on them in
the work place. (✓)
• insist on retraining of essential work place skills (✓) as or when the
need may arise (✓) so that they may not be found incapable of
meeting the demands of the job (✓) and in this way all persons with
disabilities would be included in developmental programmes in the
work place. (✓)
• sign a job contract as soon as they are appointed (✓) so that they
may secure the job that they were selected for(✓) and this may
ensure that persons with disabilities are also considered for
permanent employment (✓) within the lawful timeframe. (✓)
• negotiate with the employer to make reasonable adjustments (✓) to
remove any barriers that they may face in doing their job (✓) so that
they may hold the employer accountable if these adjustments are not
put in place (✓) and this action may guarantee that no person with a
disability is treated unfavourably in the work place because of
something connected to their disability. (✓)
• Report it to the trade union/CCMA/hire a lawyer to defend them (✓)
so that they can be compensated for unfair dismissal/be reinstated (✓)
and in this way other persons with disabilities may become aware of the
avenues available to them for help/ (✓) may not be afraid to speak out
about unfair labour practices in the workplace. (✓)
• Any TWO of the above responses for FOUR marks each. (2 x 4) (8)
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