ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:

Problems on SimultaneousLinear Equations

Exercise 6
1. The sumof two numbers is 50 and their difference is 16. Find the numbers.
Solution:

Let’s assume the two numbers to be x and y

Then according to the given conditions, we have
x + y = 50 … (i) and
x – y = 16 … (ii)
Now, adding (i) and (ii) we get
2x = 66
x = 33
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
33 + y = 50
y = 50 – 33
y = 17
Therefore, the two numbers are 33 and 17.

2. The sumof two numbersis 2. If their difference is 20, find the numbers.
Solution:

Let’s assume the two numbers to be x and y

Then according to the given conditions, we have
x + y = 2 … (i) and
x – y = 20 … (ii)
Now, adding (i) and (ii) we get
2x = 22
x = 11
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
11 + y = 2
y = 2 – 11
y = -9
Therefore, the two numbers are 11 and -9.

3. The sumof two numbersis 43. If the larger is doubled and the smaller is tripled, the difference
is 36. Find the two numbers.
Solution:

Let’s assume the two numbers to be x and y such that x > y

Then according to the given conditions, we have
x + y = 43 … (i) and
2x – 3y = 36 … (ii)
Now, multiplying (i) by 3 and adding with (ii) we get
3x + 3y = 129
2x – 3y = 36
-----------------

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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5x = 165
x = 165/5 = 33
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
33 + y = 43
y = 43 – 33
y = 10
Therefore, the two numbers are 33 and 10.

4. The costof 5 kg of sugar and 7 kg of rice is Rs. 153, and the costof 7 kg of sugar and 5 kg of rice
is Rs. 147. Find the costof 6 kg of sugar and 10 kg of rice.
Solution:

Let’s assume the cost of 1 kg of sugar = Rs x

And, let the cost of 1 kg of rice = Rs y
Then according to the given conditions, we have
5x + 7y = 153 … (i) and
7x + 5y = 147 … (ii)
Multiplying (i) by 7 and (ii) by 5, we have
35x + 49y = 1071 … (iii)
35x + 25y = 735 … (iv)
(-)---(-)------(-)------------- Subtracting (iv) from (iii), we get
24y = 336
y = 336/24
y = 14
On substituting the value of y in (i), we get
5x + 7(14) = 153
5x + 98 = 153
5x = 153 – 98
5x = 55
x = 55/5 = 11
So, the cost of 1 kg of sugar is Rs 11 and the cost of 1 kg of rice is Rs 14.
Now,
Cost of 6 kg of sugar = Rs 11 x 6 = Rs 66
Cost of 10 kg of rice = Rs 14 x 10 = Rs 140
Thus, the cost of 6 kg of sugar and 10 kg of rice = Rs 66 + Rs 140 = Rs 206.

5. The classIX studentsof a certain public schoolwanted to give a farewell party to the outgoing
students of classX. They decided to purchase two kinds of sweets,one costing Rs. 70 per kg and
the other costingRs. 84 per kg. They estimated that 36 kg of sweetswere needed.If the total
money spent on sweetswas Rs. 2800, find how much sweetsof each kind they purchased.
Solution:

Let the quantity of sweet costing Rs 70 be x

And, the quantity of sweet costing Rs 84 be y
Given, total quantity of sweets purchased is 34 kg
x + y = 34 … (i)

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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Also given, the total money spent is Rs 2800

70x + 84y = 2800 … (ii)
Multiplying (i) by 70 and subtracting with (ii), we get
70x + 70y = 2520
70x + 84y = 2800
(-)---(-)-----(-)------
-14y = -280
y = -280/-14
y = 20
On substituting the value of y in equation (i), we get
x + 20 = 36
x = 36 – 20
x = 16
Therefore, the quantities of sweets purchased are 16 kg which costs Rs 70 per kg and 20 kg which costs
Rs 84 per kg.

6. If from twice the greater of two numbers16 is subtracted, the result ishalf the other number. If
from half the greater number 1 is subtracted,the result is still half the other number. What are
the numbers.
Solution:

Let’s consider the greater number to be x and the smaller number to be y.

Then, according to the given conditions we have
2x – 16 = y/2 ⇒ 4x – 32 = y ⇒ 4x – y = 32 … (i)
And,
x/2 – 1 = y/2 ⇒ x – 2 = y ⇒ x – y = 2 … (ii)
Now, subtracting (ii) from (i) we get
4x – y = 32
x–y=2
(-)--(+)---(-)---
3x = 30
x = 10
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
2(10) – 16 = y/2
20 – 16 = y/2
4 = y/2
y=8
Therefore, the two numbers are 10 and 8.

7. There are 38 coinsin a collection of 20 paisecoinsand 25 paise coins.If the total value of the
collection is Rs. 8.50, how many of eachare there?
Solution:

Let the number of 20 paise coins be x

And let the number of 25 paise coins be y.
Then, according to the given conditions we have

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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x + y = 38 … (i) and
20x + 25y = 850 … (ii) [Since, 8.50 Rs = 850 paise]
Performing (ii) – 20 x (i), we get
20x + 25y = 850
20x + 20y = 760
(-)--(-)-----(-)-----
5y = 90
y = 90/5
y = 18
Substituting the value of y in (i), we have
x + 18 = 38
x = 38 – 18
x = 20
Therefore, the number of 20 paise coins are 20 and the number of 25 paise coins are 18.

8. A man hascertain notesof denominationsRs. 20 and Rs. 5 which amount to Rs. 380. If the
number of notesof each kind is interchanged, they amount to Rs. 60 lessasbefore. Find the
number of notesof each denomination.
Solution:

Let’s consider the number of 20 rupee notes to be x

And the number of 5 rupee notes be y
Then, according to the given conditions we have
20x + 5y = 380 … (i) and
5x + 20y = 380 – 60
⇒ 5x + 20 y = 320 … (ii)
Now, multiplying (i) by 4 and subtracting with (ii) we get
80x + 20y = 1520
5x + 20 y = 320
(-)--(-)----(-)-------
75x = 1200
x = 1200/75
x = 16
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
20(16) + 5y = 380
320 + 5y = 380
5y = 380 – 320 = 60
y = 60/5
y = 12
Therefore, number of 20 rupee notes = 16 and number of 5 rupee notes = 12

9. The ratio of two numbersis 2/3. If 2 is subtracted from the first and 8 from the second,theratio
becomesthereciprocal of the original ratio. Find the numbers.
Solution:

Let’s assume the two numbers to be x and y.

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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Given that the ratio of the numbers = 2/3

Then,
x/y = 2/3
3x = 2y
⇒ 3x – 2y = 0 … (i)
Also given, if 2 is subtracted from the first and 8 from the second, the ratio becomes the reciprocal of the
original ratio
(x - 2)/(y - 8) = 3/2
2 (x - 2) = 3 (y - 8)
2x – 4 = 3y – 24
⇒ 2x – 3y = -20 … (ii)
Now, performing 3 x (i) – 2 x (ii) we get
9x – 6y = 0
4x – 6y = -40
(-)--(+)----(+)---
5x = 40
x = 40/5
x=8
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
3(8) – 2y = 0
24 = 2y
y = 24/2 = 12
Therefore, the numbers are 8 and 12.

10. If 1 is added to the numerator of a fraction, it becomes1/5; if 1 is taken from the denominator,
it becomes1/7, find the fraction.
Solution:

Let the fraction be x/y

Then according to the given conditions, we have
(x + 1)/y = 1/5
5 (x + 1) = y
5x + 5 = y
⇒ 5x – y = -5 … (i)
And,
x/(y - 1) = 1/7
7x = y – 1
7x – y = -1 … (ii)
Now, subtracting (i) from (ii) we get
7x – y = -1
5x – y = -5
(-)--(+)-(+)---
2x = 4
x=2
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
5(2) – y = -5

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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10 – y = -5
y = 10 + 5
y = 15
Therefore, the fraction is 2/15.

11. If the numerator of a certain fraction is increasedby 2 and the denominator by 1, the fraction
becomesequalto 5/8 and if the numerator and denominator are eachdiminished by 1, the fraction
becomesequal to ½, find the fraction.
Solution:

Let the fraction be x/y

Then according to the given conditions, we have
(x + 2)/ (y + 1) = 5/8
8 (x + 2) = 5 (y + 1)
8x + 16 = 5y + 5
8x – 5y = 5 – 16
8x – 5y = -11 … (i)
And,
(x - 1)/ (y - 1) = ½
2 (x - 1) = (y - 1)
2x – 2 = y – 1
2x – y = 1 … (ii)
Now, performing (i) – 4 x (ii) we get
8x – 5y = -11
8x – 4y = 4
(-)—(+)—(-)
-y = -15
y = 15
On substituting the value of y in (ii), we get
2x – 15 = 1
2x = 1 + 15
x = 16/2 = 8
Therefore, the fraction is 8/15.

12. Find the fraction which becomes½ when the denominator is increasedby 4 and is equal
to 1/8, when the numerator is diminished by 5.
Solution:

Let the fraction be x/y.

Then according to the given conditions, we have
x/ (y + 4) = ½
2x = y + 4
2x – y = 4 … (i)
And,
(x - 5)/ y = 1/8
8 (x – 5) = y

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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8x – 40 = y
8x – y = 40 … (ii)
Now, subtracting (i) from (ii) we get
8x – y = 40
2x – y = 4
(-)--(+)---(-)---
6x = 36
x = 36/6
x=6
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
2(6) – y = 4
12 – y = 4
y = 12 – 4 = 8
Therefore, the fraction is 6/8.

13. In a two-digit number the sumof the digits is 7. If the number with the order of the digits
reversedis 28 greater than twice the unit’s digit of the original number, find the number.
Solution:

Let’s consider the digit at tens place as x

And let the digit at unit place be y
Then according to the first condition, we have
x + y = 7 … (i)
Also, the number = 10 × x + y × 1 = 10y + x
Now, according to the second condition we have
10y + x = 2y + 28
x + 8y = 28 … (ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get
x + 8y = 28
x+y=7
(-)—(-)—(-)
7y = 21
y = 21/7
y=3
Substituting the value of y in (i), we get
x+3=7
x=7–3
x=4
Therefore, the number is 10 x 4 + 3 = 43.

14. A number of two digits exceedsfour times the sumof its digits by 6 and it is increasedby 9 on
reversing the digits. Find the number.
Solution:

Let’s consider the digit at tens place as x

And let the digit at unit place be y

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
Problems on SimultaneousLinear Equations

The number is 10 × x + y × 1 = 10x + y

So, reversing the number = 10 × y + x × 1 = 10y + y
Then according to the first condition, we have
10x + y = 4 (x + y) + 6
10x – 4x + y – 4y = 6
6x – 3y = 6
2x – y = 2 … (i)
And according to the second condition, we have
10x + y + 9 = 10y + x
10x – x + y – 10y = -9
9x – 9y = -9
x – y = -1 … (ii)
Now, subtracting (ii) from (i) we have
2x – y = 2
x – y = -1
(-)--(+)--(+)---
x=3
Substituting the value of x in (i), we get
2(3) – y = 2
6–y=2
y=6–2
y=4
Therefore, the number is 10 x 3 + 4 = 30 + 4 = 34.

15. When a two-digit number is divided by the sumof its digits the quotient is 8. If the ten’s digit is
diminished by three times the unit’s digit the remainder is 1. What is the number?
Solution:

Let’s consider the digit at tens place as x

And let the digit at unit place be y
The number is 10 × x + y × 1 = 10x + y
Then according to the first condition, we have
(10x + y)/ (x + y) = 8
10x + y = 8 (x + y)
10x + y = 8x + 8y
10x – 8x + y – 8y = 0
2x – 7y = 0 … (i)
And according to the second condition, we have
x – 3y = 1 … (ii)
Performing (i) – 2 x (ii), we get
2x – 7y = 0
2x – 6y = 2
(-)—(+)—(-)
-y = -2
y=2
Substituting the value of y in (i), we get

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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2x – 7(2) = 0
2x = 14
x = 14/2
x=7
Therefore, the number is = 10 x 7 + 2 = 70 + 2 = 72.

16. The result of dividing a number of two digits by the number with digits reversedis 1¾. If the
sumof digits is 12, find the number.
Solution:

Let’s consider the digit at tens place as x

And let the digit at unit place be y
The number is 10 × x + y × 1 = 10x + y
So, reversing the number = 10 × y + x × 1 = 10y + y
Then according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
(10x + y)/ (10y + x) = 1¾
(10x + y)/ (10y + x) = 7/4
4 (10x + y) = 7 (10y + x)
40x + 4y = 70y + 7x
40x – 7x – 70y + 4y = 0
33x – 66y = 0
x – 2y = 0 … (i)
And according to the second condition of the given problem, we have
x + y = 12 … (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we have
x + y = 12
x – 2y = 0
(-)—(+)—(-)
3y = 12
y = 12/3
y=4
On substituting the value of y in (i), we have
x – 2(4) = 0
x=8
Therefore, the number is 10 x 8 + 4 = 84.

17. The result of dividing a number of two digits by the number with the digits reversedis 5/6. If
the difference of digits is 1, find the number.
Solution:

Let’s consider the digit at tens place as x

And let the digit at unit place be y
The number is 10 × x + y × 1 = 10x + y
So, reversing the number = 10 × y + x × 1 = 10y + y
Then according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
(10x + y)/ (10y + x) = 5/6

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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6 (10x + y) = 5 (10y + x)
60x + 6y = 50y + 5x
60x – 5x – 50y + 6y = 0
55x – 44y = 0
5x – 4y = 0 … (i) [Dividing by 11 on both sides]
And, according to the second condition in the given problem, we have
y–x=1
-x + y = 1 … (ii)
Performing (i) + 5 x (ii), we get
5x – 4y = 0
-5x + 5y = 5
------------------
y=5
On substituting the value of y in equation (i), we have
5x – 4(5) = 0
5x – 20 = 0
5x = 20
x = 20/5
x=4
Therefore, the number is 10 x 4 + 5 = 40 + 5 = 45.

18. A number of three digits hasthe hundred digit 4 times the unit digit and the sumof three
digits is 14. If the three digits are written in the reverseorder, the value of the number is
decreasedby 594. Find the number.
Solution:

Let’s consider the digit at tens place as x

And let the digit at unit place be y
Then, the digit at hundred place = 4y
Hence, the number is 100 x 4y + 10 × x + y × 1 = 400y + 10x + y = 401y + 10x
So, reversing the number = 100 × y + 10 × x + 4y × 1 = 100y + 10x + 4y = 104y + 10x
Then according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
x + y + 4y = 14
x + 5y = 14 … (i)
And according to the second condition given in the problem, we have
401y + 10x = 104y + 10x + 594
401y – 104y = 594
297y = 594
y = 594/297
y=2
On substituting the value of y in equation (i), we have
x + 5(2) = 14
x + 10 = 14
x = 14 – 10
x=4
Therefore, the number is = 10x + 401y = 10(4) + 401(2) = 40 + 802 = 842.

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
Problems on SimultaneousLinear Equations

19. Four years agoMarina wasthree times old asher daughter. Six yearsfrom now the mother
will be twice asold asher daughter. Find their present ages.
Solution:

Let take the present age of Marina as x years and

The present age of Marina’s daughter as y years.
Now, four years ago
Age of Marina will be (x - 4) years
Age of Marina’s daughter will be (y - 4) years
According to the first condition given in the problem, we have
(x – 4) = 3 (y - 4)
x – 4 = 3y – 12
x – 3y = -8 … (i)
Now, the age of Maria after 6 years will be (x + 6) years
And the age of Maria’s daughter will be (y + 6) years
Then, according to the second condition given in the problem, we have
x + 6 = 2 (y + 6)
x + 6 = 2y + 12
x – 2y = 6 … (ii)
From equations (i) and (ii), we get
x – 2y = 6
x – 3y = -8
(-)—(+)—(+)
y = 14
On substituting the value of y in (i), we get
x – 3 x 14 = -8
x – 42 = -8
x = -8 + 42
x = 34
Therefore, the age of Marina is 34 years and the age of her daughter is 14 years.

20. On selling a tea set at 5% lossand a lemon setat 15% gain, a shopkeepergainsRs. 70. If he
sellsthe tea set at 5% gain and lemon setat 10% gain, he gainsRs. 130. Find the costprice of the
lemon set.
Solution:

Given,
Loss on tea set = 5% and
Gain on lemon set = 15%
Let’s assume the C.P of tea set = Rs x and
The C.P of lemon set = Rs y
Then according to the given conditions, we have

15y – 5x = 7000
-x + 3y = 1400 … (i)

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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And,

5x + 10y = 13000
x + 2y = 2600 … (ii)
Now, adding (i) and (ii) we get
-x + 3y = 1400
x + 2y = 2600
------------------
5y = 4000
y = 4000/5
y = 800
Therefore, the Cost price of lemon set = Rs 800.

21. A personinvested somemoneyat 12% simple interest and someother amount at 10% simple
interest. He received yearly interest of Rs, 1300. If he had interchanged the amounts,he would
have received Rs. 40 more asyearly interest. How much did he invest at different rates?
Solution:

Let the amount invested at S.I be Rs x at rate = 12% p.a.

And another investment at S.I = Rs y at rate = 10% p.a.
Then according to the given conditions, we have

12x + 10y = 130000

6x + 5y = 65000 … (i)
And,

10x + 12y = 134000

5x + 6y = 67000 … (ii)
Multiplying (i) by 6 and (ii) by 5, we have
36x + 30y = 390000
25x + 30y = 335000
(-)—(-)-----(-)--------
11x = 55000
x = 55000/11
x = 5000
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
6(5000) + 5y = 6500
30000 + 5y = 6500
5y = 65000 – 3000
y = 35000/5 = 7000
Therefore, the investment at 12% is Rs 5000 and the investment at 10% is Rs 7000.

22. A shopkeepersellsa table at 8% profit and a chair at 10% discount,thereby getting Rs. 1008.

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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If he had soldthe table at 10% profit and chair at 8% discount,he would havegot Rs. 20 more.
Find the costprice of the table and the list price of the chair.
Solution:

Given,
Profit on table = 8%
Discount on chair = 10%
Let C.P. of table = Rs x and C.P. of chair = Rs y
Then according to the given condition, we have

108x + 90y = 100800

6x + 5y = 5600 … (i)
And,

110x + 92y = 102800

55x + 46y = 51400 … (ii)
Now, multiplying (i) by 55 and (ii) by 6, we have
330x + 275y = 308000
330x + 276y = 308400
(-)----(-)-------(-)--------
-y = -400
y = 400
On substituting the value of y in equation (i), we get
6x + 5(400) = 5600
6x = 5600 – 2000
x = 3600/6
x = 600
Therefore, the C.P. of table = Rs 600 and the C.P. of chair = Rs 400.

23. A and B have somemoneywith them. A said to B, “if you give me Rs. 100, my moneywill
become75% of the money left with you.” B said to A” instead if you give me Rs. 100, your money
will become40% of my money. How much moneydid A and B have originally?
Solution:

Let’s assume A has money = x

And B has money = y
Then according to the given conditions, we have
x – 100 = (y - 100) x (75/100)
x – 100 = (y - 100) x (3/4)
4x – 400 = 3y – 300
4x – 3y = 400 – 300
4x – 3y = 100 … (i)
Also,
x – 100 = (y + 100) (40/100)

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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x – 100 = (y + 100) (2/5)

5x – 500 = 2y + 200
5x – 2y = 200 + 500
5x – 2y = 700 … (ii)
Now, multiplying (i) by 2 and (ii) by 3, we have
8x – 6y = -1400
15x – 6y = 2100
(-)—(+)---(-)----
-7x = -3500
x = -3500/ -7
x = 500
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
4(500) – 3y = -700
2000 – 3y = -700
3y = 2000 + 700
y = 2700/3
y = 900
Therefore, A has money Rs 500 and B has money Rs 900.

24. The studentsof a classare made to stand in (complete) rows. If onestudent is extra in a row,
there would be 2 rows less,and if onestudent is lessin a row, there would be 3 rows more. Find
the number of students in the class.
Solution:

Let the number of students in one row be taken as x

And let the number of rows be taken as y
Then the total number of students = xy
Then according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
(x + 1) (y – 2) = xy
xy – 2x + y – 2 = xy
-2x + y = 2 … (i)
And, according to the second condition given in the problem, we have
(x - 1) (y + 3) = xy
xy + 3x – y – 3 = xy
3x – y = 3 … (ii)
Adding equations (i) and (ii), we get
-2x + y = 2
3x – y = 3
--------------
x=5
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we have
-2(5) + y = 2
-10 + y = 2
y = 2 + 10
y = 12
Therefore, the number of students = xy = 5 x 12 = 60.

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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25. A jeweler hasbars of 18-carat gold and 12- carat gold. How much of eachmust be melted
together to obtain a bar of 16-carat gold weighing 120 grams?(Pure gold is 24 carat)
Solution:

Let’s assume the quantity of 18 carat gold as x gm and 12 carat gold as y gm.
Then according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
x + y = 120 … (i)
Pure gold is 24 carat
So, the purity of 18 carat gold = (18/24) x 100%
= (¾) x 100
= 75%
Purity of 12 carat gold = (12/24) x 100%
= ½ x 100%
= 50%
And, the purity of 16 carat gold = (16/24) x 100%
= (2/3) x 100%
= 200/3%
Now, according to the second condition given in the problem, we have
75x + 50y = 200/3 x 120
75x + 50y = 200 x 40
75x + 50y = 8000
3x + 2y = 320 … (ii)
Performing (ii) – 2 x (i), we get
3x + 2y = 320
2x + 2y = 240
(-)—(-)—(-)---
x = 80
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we get
80 + y = 120
y = 120 – 80
y = 40
Therefore, the jeweler requires 80 gm of 18 carat gold and 40 gm of 12 carat gold to obtain a bar of 16
carat gold weighing 120 gm.

26. A and B together can do a pieceof work in 15 days. If A’s oneday work is 1½ times the one
day’s work of B, find in how many dayscan eachdo the work.
Solution:

Let A’s one day work be x and B’s one day work be y.
Then according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
x = (3/2)y
2x = 3y
2x – 3y = 0 … (i)
Also given, in 15 days: A and B together can do a piece of work
So, according to this condition we have
x + y = 1/15

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15 (x + y) = 1
15x + 15y = 1 … (ii)
Multiplying equation (i) by 5, we get
10x – 15y = 0
15x + 15y = 1
------------------
25x = 1
x = 1/25
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we get
2(1/25) – 3y = 0
2/25 = 3y
y = 2/75
Therefore, Man A will do the work in 1/x days = 1/(1/25) = 25 day and Man B will do the work in (1/y)
days = 1/(2/75) = 75/2 = 37½ days.

27. 2 men and 5 women can do a piece of work in 4 days, while oneman and onewoman can finish
it in 12 days.How long would it take for 1 man to do the work?
Solution:

Let’s assume that 1 man takes x days to do work and y days for a women.
So, the amount of work done by 1 man in 1 day = 1/x
And the amount of work done by 1 woman in 1 day = 1/y
Now,
The amount of work done by 2 men in 1 day will be = 2/x
And the amount of work done by 5 women in 1 day = 5/y
Then according to the given conditions in the problem, we have
2/x + 5/y = ¼ … (i)
1/x + 1/y = 1/12 … (ii)
Multiplying equation (ii) by 5, we get
5/x + 5/y = 5/12
2/x + 5/y = ¼
(-)—(-)---(-)
3/x = 5/12 – ¼
3/x = (5 - 3)/12
3/x = 2/12 = 1/6
x = 18
Therefore, 1 man can do the work in 18 days.

28. A train covereda certain distanceat a uniform speed.If the train had been30 km/hr faster, it
would have taken 2 hours lessthan the scheduledtime. If the train were slowerby 15 km/hr, it
would have taken 2 hours more than the scheduledtime. Find the length of the journey.
Solution:

Let the actual speed of the train be x km/hr and the scheduled time be y hours.
Then, the distance of the journey = speed x time = xy
According to the given conditions in the problem, we have

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(x + 30) (y - 2) = xy
xy – 2x + 30y – 60 = xy
-2x + 30y = 60 … (i)
And,
(x - 15) (y + 2) = xy
xy – 15y + 2x – 30 = xy
2x – 15y = 30 … (ii)
From equations (i) and (ii), we have
-2x + 30y = 60
2x – 15y = 30
------------------
15y = 90
y = 90/15
y=6
On substituting the value of y in (i), we have
-2x + 30(6) = 60
-2x + 180 = 60
-2x = 60 – 180 = -120
x = -120/-2
x = 60
Therefore, the distance of the journey = 60 x 6 = 360 km.

29. A boat takes 2 hours to go 40 km down the stream and it returns in 4 hours. Find the speedof
the boat in still water and the speedof the stream.
Solution:

Let’s assume the speed of the boat in still water be x km/hr

And the speed of the stream = y km/hr
So, the speed of the boat in downstream = (x + y) km/hr
The speed of the boat in upstream = (x - y) km/hr
We know,
Distance = Speed x time
Now, according to the given conditions in the problem, we have
40 = (x + y) × 2
x + y = 20 … (i)
And,
40 = (x - y) × 4
x – y = 10 … (ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we have
x + y = 20
x – y = 10
-------------
2x = 30
x = 15
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we have
15 + y = 20

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y = 20 – 15
y=5
Therefore, speed of the boat in still water = 15 km/hr and speed of the stream = 5 km/hr.

30. A boat sailsa distanceof 44 km in 4 hours with the current. It takes 4 hours 48 minutes longer
to cover the samedistanceagainst the current. Find the speedof the boat in still water and the
speedof the current.
Solution:

Let’s assume the speed of the boat in still to be x km/hr

And the speed of the current = y km/hr
Speed of the boat in the direction of current = (x + y) km/hr
Speed of the boat against the current = (x - y) km/hr
We know, distance = speed x time
Then according to the given conditions in the problem, we have
44 = (x + y) x 4
x + y = 44/4
x + y = 11 … (i)
And,

x – y = 5 … (ii)
Now, adding equations (i) and (ii) we have
x + y = 11
x–y=5
-------------
2x = 16
x = 16/2
x=8
On substituting the value of x in (i), we get
8 + y = 11
y = 11 – 8
y=3
Therefore, the speed of the boat in still water = 8 km/hr and speed of the current = 3 km/hr.

31. An aeroplane flies 1680 km with a head wind in 3.5 hours. On the return trip with samewind
blowing, the plane takes 3 hours. Find the plane’s air speedand the wind speed.

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Solution:

Let’s assume the speed of the plane = x km/hr

And let the speed of wind = y km/hr
So, the speed of the aeroplane in the direction of wind = (x + y) km/hr
Speed of the aeroplane in the opposite direction of wind = (x - y) km/hr
We know, distance = speed x time
Then according to the given conditions, we have
1680 = (x - y) x 3.5
x – y = 1680/3.5
x – y = 480 … (i)
And,
1680 = (x + y) x 3
x + y = 1680/3
x + y = 560 … (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we get
x – y = 480
x + y = 560
---------------
2x = 1040
x = 1040/2 = 520
Substituting the value of x in equation (i), we get
520 – y = 480
y = 520 – 480
y = 40
Therefore, the speed of aeroplane = 520 km/hr and the speed of wind = 40 km/hr.

32. A part of monthly hostelchargesis fixed and the remaining dependson the number of days
one has taken food in the mess.When Bhawana takes food for 20 days, shehas to pay Rs. 2600 as
hostel charges; whereas when Divya takes food for 26 days, shepays Rs. 3020 ashostel charges.
Find the fixed chargesand the costof food per day.
Solution:

Let the fixed charges = Rs x and

The charges per day = Rs y
Then according to the given conditions, we have
x + 20y = 2600 … (i)
x + 26y = 3020 … (ii)
(-)—(-)—(-)--------
On subtracting, we get
-6y = -420
y = 420/6
y = 70
Substituting the value of y in (i), we get
x + 20 x 70 = 2600
x = 2600 – 1400

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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x = 1200
Therefore, the fixed charges = Rs 1200 and daily charges = Rs 70.

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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Chapter Test
1. A 700 gm dry fruit pack costsRs. 216. It containssomealmondsand the rest cashewkernel. If
almondscostRs. 288 ‘per kg and cashewkernel costRs. 336 per kg, what are the quantities of the
two dry fruits separately?
Solution:

Given,
Cost of 700 gm of fruit = Rs 216
Cost of almonds = Rs 288 per kg
And cost of cashew = Rs 336 per kg
Now, let the weight of almond = x gm and
The weight of cashew = (700 - x) gm
Then according to the conditions given in the problem, we have

288x + 235200 – 336x = 216000

288x – 336x = 216000 – 235200
x = -19200/-48 = 400
Therefore, the weight of almond = 400 gm and the weight of cashew = (700 – 400) gm = 300 gm

2. Drawing pencils cost80 paise eachand coloured pencils costRs. 1.10 each. If altogether two
dozen pencils costRs. 21.60, how many coloured pencils are there?
Solution:

Let the number of drawing pencils be x

And let the number of coloured pencils be y
Then, according to the given conditions, we have
x + y = 2 x 12 [1 dozen = 12]
x + y = 24 … (i)
And,
x × 80/100 + y x 1.10 = 21.60 [As 80 paise = Rs 80/100]
80x/100 + 1.10y = 21.60
(80x + 110y)/100 = 21.60
80x + 110y = 2160
8x + 11y = 216 … (ii)
Performing 8 x (i) – (ii), we have
8x + 8y = 192
8x + 11y = 216
(-)--(-)----(-)-----
-3y = -24
y = -24/-3
y=8
On substituting the value of y in equation (i), we get
x + 8 = 24
x = 24 – 8

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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x = 16
Therefore, the number of coloured pencils is y = 8

3. Shikha works in a factory. In oneweek, sheearned Rs. 390 for working 47 hours, of which 7
hours were overtime. The next week sheearned Rs. 416 for working 50 hours, of which 8 hours
were overtime. What is Shikha’s hourly earning rate?
Solution:

Let’s assume the earning’s of Shikha be Rs x per regular hour and Rs y per hour during overtime.
Then according to the conditions given in the problem, we have
40x + 7y = 390 … (i)
And,
42x + 8y = 416 … (ii)
Performing 8 x (i) – 7 x (ii), we get
320x + 56y = 3120
294x + 56y = 2912
(-)----(-)------(-)-----
26x = 208
x = 208/26
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we have
40 x 8 + 7y = 390
320 + 7y = 390
7y = 390 – 320
7y = 70
y = 70/7 = 10
Therefore, shikha’s earning is Rs 8 per regular hour and Rs 10 per hour over time.

4. The sumof the digits of a two digit number is 7. If the digits are reversed, the new number
increasedby 3 equals4 times the original number. Find the number.
Solution:

Let’s take the digit at tens place = x

And let the digit at unit place = y
So, the number = 10 × x + 1 × y = 10x + y
Reversing the number = 10 × y + 1 × x = 10y + x
Now, according to the conditions given in the problem, we have
x + y = 7… (i)
And,
10y + x = 4(10x + y) – 3
10y + x = 40x + 4y – 3
40x – x + 4y – 10y = 3
39x – 6y = 3
13x – 2y = 1 … (ii)
Performing 2 x (i) + (ii) to solve, we have
2x +2 y = 14
13x – 2y = 1

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------------------
15x = 15
x = 15/15
x=1
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we have
1+y=7
y=7–1
y=6
Therefore, the number is 10x + y = 10(1) + 6 = 16.

5. Three years hence a man’s age will be three times his son’s ageand 7 years ago he wasseven
times asold ashis son. How old are they now?
Solution:

Let the present age of man be x years

And his son’s present age be y years
So, three years hence the man’s age will be (x + 3) years
And his son’s age 3 years hence will be (y + 3) years
Now, 7 years ago the age of the man will be (x - 7) years
And the age of his son 7 years ago will be (y - 7) years
Then according to first given condition, we have
(x + 3) = 3 (y + 3)
x + 3 = 3y + 9
x – 3y = 9 – 3
x – 3y = 6 … (i)
Next, according to second given condition, we have
(x - 7) = 7(y - 7)
x – 7 = 7y – 49
x – 7y = -49 + 7
x – 7y = -42 … (ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get
x – 7y = -42
x – 3y = 6
(-)—(+)—(-)----
-4y = -48
y = 48/4
y = 12
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we have
x – 3(12) = 6
x – 36 = 6
x = 6 + 36
x = 42
Therefore, the man’s age is 42 years and his son’s age is 12 years.

6. Rectanglesare drawn on line segmentsof fixed lengths. When the breadths are 6 m and 5 m
respectively the sumof the areas of the rectangles is 83 m². But if the breadths are 5 m and 4 m

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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respectively the sum of the areas is 68 m². Find the sum of the areas of the squaresdrawn on the
line segments.
Solution:

Let the length of first fixed line segment be x

And the length of second line segment be y
In first case, when the breadths are 6 m and 5m the sum of the areas = 83 m2
⇒ 6x + 5y = 83 … (i)
And, in the second case when breadths are 5 m and 4 m the sum of areas = 68 m2
⇒ 5x + 4y = 68 … (ii)
Performing 4 x (i) – 5 x (ii) to solve, we get
24x + 20y = 332
25x + 20y = 340
(-)----(-)------(-)----
-x = -8
x=8
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we get
6(8) + 5y = 83
48 + 5y = 83
5y = 83 – 48
5y = 35
y = 35/7
y=5
Therefore, the first line segment’s length is 8 m and the second line segment’s length is 7 m.
And the sum of areas of the squares on these two line segments = 82 + 72 = 64 + 49 = 113 m2.

7. If the length and the breadth of a room are increasedby 1 metre each,the area is increasedby
21 square metres. If the length is decreasedby 1 metre and the breadth is increasedby 2 metres,
the area is increasedby 14 square metres. Find the perimeter of the room.
Solution:

Let’s consider the length of room as x metre

And the breadth of the room = y metre
So, the area of the room = length x breadth = xy sq. metre
Now, according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
xy = (x + 1) (y + 1) + 1 – 21
xy = xy + x + y + 1 – 21
x + y = 20 … (i)
And, according to the second condition, we have
xy = (x - 1) (y + 2) – 14
xy = xy – y + 2x – 2 – 14
2x – y = 16 … (ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
x + y = 20
2x – y = 16
-----------------

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 ML Aggarwal Solutionsfor Class9 Maths Chapter 6:
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3x = 36
x = 36/3
x = 12
On substituting the value of x in equation (i), we get
12 + y = 20
y = 20 – 12
y=8
Thus, the length of the room = 12 m and the breadth of the room = 8 m
Therefore, the perimeter of the room = 2 x (length + breadth)
= 2 x (12 + 8) = 2 x 20
= 40 m

8. The lengths(in metres) of the sidesof a triangle are 2x + y/2, 5x/3 + y + ½ and 2x/3 + 2y + 5/2. If
the triangle is equilateral, find the its perimeter.
Solution:

Given, the length of the sides of an equilateral triangle are 2x + y/2, 5x/3 + y + ½ and 2x/3 + 2y + 5/2.
Perimeter = (2x + y/2) + (5x/3 + y + ½) + (2x/3 + 2y + 5/2)

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9. On Diwali eve, two candles,oneof which is 3 cm longer than the other are lighted. The longer
oneis lighted at 530 p.m. and the shorter at 7 p.m. At 930 p.m. they both are of the samelength.
The longer oneburns out at 1130 p.m. and the shorter oneat 11 p.m. How long waseachcandle
originally?
Solution:

Let’s assume that the longer candle shorten at the rate of x cm/hr in burning case and the smaller candle
shorter at the rate of y cm/hr.
Given, in burning case the longer candle burns out completely in 6 hours and that the smaller candle in 4
hours,
So, their lengths are 6x cm and 4y cm respectively.
Then, according to the first condition given in the problem, we have
6x = 4y + 3
6x – 4y = 3 … (i)
At 9:30 p.m the length of longer candle = (6x – 4x) cm = 2x cm
At 9:30 p.m the length of smaller candle = (4y – 5y/2) cm = (8y – 5y)/2 cm = 3y/2 cm
Now, according to the second condition given in the problem, we have
2x = 3y/2 [Since both the candles have same length at 9:30 p.m.]
4x = 3y
4x – 3y = 0 … (ii)
Performing 3 x (i) – 4 x (ii), we have
18x – 12y = 9
16x – 12y = 0
(-)--(+)-----(-)---
2x = 9
x = 9/2 = 4.5 cm/ hr

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On substituting the value of x in equation (2), we get

4(4.5) – 3y = 0
18 – 3y = 0
3y = 18
y = 18/3
y = 6 cm/ hr
Therefore,
Length of longer candle = 6x cm = 6 x 4.5 cm = 27 cm
Length of smaller candle = 4y cm = 4 x 6 cm = 24 cm

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