THIRD YEAR CIVIL

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 1

 ZAGAZIG UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING DEPARTEMENT

Design of RC Columns
Lecture No. : 5 Prepared by
Assistant Prof./ Sayed Ahmed EL Sayed
1- Revision on the design of rectangle sections
subjected to axial compression force with uniaxial or
biaxial moments
2- Solved full examples
3-Design of Circular Sections

Revision

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 2

 Design of Sections Subject to
Eccentric Compression Forces

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 3

 Step of Solution
𝐌𝐮
1- Get: e (eccentricity) = =.... 
𝐏𝐮

𝐞 𝐞
2- Get: or ‫حسب الطول الذي يؤثر عليه العزم‬
𝐭 𝐛

𝐏𝐮
3- Get: 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭

𝐏𝐮
Case (1): 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭
≤ 0.04 → Zone (D)

Neglect (Pu ) and Design on Mu only (C1 , J)

𝐏𝐮 𝐞
Case (2): 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭
> 0.04 & 𝐭
≤ 0.05 → Zone (A)

Neglect (Mu) and Design for (Pu) only

Pu = 0.35 fcu (Ac - As ) + 0.67 fy As

𝐏𝐮 𝐞
Case (3): 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭
> 0.04 & 𝐭
> 0.050 → Zone (B or C),

Design for (Mu and Pu ) Using (ID or Mus)

get balanced load → (Assume As = As՛)

𝐟𝐜𝐮
 Pb = 214.4 ( 𝐟𝐲 )bd
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝛄
𝐬

A- (Pu > Pb) Compression failure mode (Zone B), Use

(ID)
B- (Pu < Pb) Tension failure mode (Zone C), Use (Mus)
and get (α),
If Required α < 0.40 Complete design Using (Mus)
If α ≥ 0.40 Use (ID) with top and bottom steel

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 4

 Design of section in zone (A) PU only and Neglect (Mu)

1-Pu = 0.35 fcu (Ac - As ) + 0.67 fy As → get As

2- Check Asmin
3- Draw reinforcement with equal spacing on the
perimeter of the column (S1≈S2).

S1 As
S2

Design of section in zone (D) MU only and Neglect (Pu)

𝐌𝐮
1- d = C1 → get C1
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛
2- From chart get c/d
3- Check 0.125 < C/d < Cmax /d
𝐌𝐮
4- As =
𝐟𝐲 𝐣 𝐝

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 5

 ‫ ونسبة التسليح القصـوى‬Rmax ‫( معامل الحد اﻷقصى لمقاومة العزوم‬1-4) ‫جدول‬
Cmax/d ‫ ونســبة العمــق اﻷقصــى لمحــور الخمــول الــي العمــق الفعــال‬µmax
‫للقطاعات المسلحة جهة الشد فقط‬

fy (MPa) Cmax/d µmax Rmax

240 0.5 8.56x10-4 fcu 0.214
350 0.45 5.23x10-4 fcu 0.196
400 0.42 4.36x10-4 fcu 0.189
420 0.41 4.08x10-4 fcu 0.186
500 0.39 3.19x10-4 fcu 0.176

𝐌𝐮 𝟔𝟎𝟎
 d = C1 → get C1 and C/d=1.25-1.25 𝟏 −
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝟏𝟑𝟒𝐂𝟐𝟏

1- If (C/d ≤ 0.125) → Use j =0.826

2- If (0.125 < C/d ≤ Cmax/d) → Use j =(1-0.40 C/d)/s
3- If (C/d > Cmax/d) according to steel type increase
depth (d) or use double reinforced section (As and As’)

If (C/d > Cmax/d)

Use double reinforced section (As and As’ )
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛𝐝𝟐 𝐟𝐲
Mu =Rmax + As’(d-d’) → get As’
𝛄𝐜 𝛄𝐬
As = Asmax + As’
Asmax=µmax bd

As’

Buckling bars on
spacings ≤250

As

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 6

 Design of section in zone (B) Pu and Mu
Pu governing design (Compression failure) using ID
1- Determine the required diagram using (Column shape, fy ,
steel distribution type and ξ)
 Steel distribution type As/4
If e/t ≤ 0.2 Use uniform steel charts (As)
‫تم توزيع مساحة الحديد الكلية بالتساوي علـى اﻷربـع‬ ‫ي‬
(4 ‫اضﻼع للعمود )عدد اﻻسياخ يقبل القسمة على‬
‫ اسياخ في اﻷركان والباقي علي يتوزع علي‬4 ‫نوزع‬
‫ اضﻼع بالتساوي‬4‫ال‬
As/4

As/4 As/4

 Steel distribution type

If e/t =( 0.2 – 0.50) Use top and bottom steel with (α =1.0)
If e/t > 0.50 Use top and bottom steel with (α =0.60 or 0.8
or 1.0)
As’

Buckling bars on
spacings ≤250

As

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 7

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 8
 Design of section in zone (C) Pu and Mu
Mu governing design (Tension failure) using ID or Mus
es= e + t/2 – cover
Mus=Pu es
Using (C1 , j) method ,
𝐌𝐮𝐬 𝟔𝟎𝟎
d = C1 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛
→ C1 and C/d=1.25-1.25 𝟏 − 𝟏𝟑𝟒𝐂𝟐
𝟏

If (0.125 < C/d ≤ Cmax/d) → Use j =(1-0.40 C/d)/s

𝐌𝐮𝐬 𝐏𝐮
As = - & As’=0.0 & α =0.0
𝐟𝐲 𝐣 𝐝 𝐟𝐲/𝟏.𝟏𝟓
If (C/d > Cmax/d) from table (4.1) use (As and As’)
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛𝐝𝟐 𝐟𝐲
Mu =Rmax + As’ (d-d’) → get As’
𝛄𝐜 𝛄𝐬
𝐏
As=µmax bd+ As’ - 𝐟 /𝟏.𝟏𝟓
𝐮

𝐲
α =As’/As
If Required α < 0.40 OK.
If α ≥ 0.40 Use (ID) with top and bottom steel(α=0.40)

As’

Buckling bars
spacings ≤250

As

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 9

 Solved Example

Example (1)
Design reinforced concrete short column shown in the
figure below if it is subjected to the following straining
actions
fcu =30 MPa and fy =400 MPa
Sec. No Pu Mu
KN kN m
1 2100 50
2 150 400
3 1800 160
4 1300 230
5 225 350

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 10

 Solution
Section (1): Pu=2100 kN and Mu= 50 kNm
1- Design Zone
𝐌𝐮 𝟓𝟎
e= = = 0.238 m
𝐏𝐮 𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝐞 𝟎.𝟐𝟑𝟖
= = 0.039 < 0.05 → (Zone A)
𝐭 𝟎.𝟔𝟎
Neglect Mu design Pu only
2- Pu = 0.35 fcu (Ac - As ) + 0.67 fy As
2100 x 10 3 = 0.35 x 30 (250x600) + 0.67
x 400 x As
get As = 1959 mm2
3- Check As,min
As,min for short columns is 0.80%
= 0.008 b t = 0.008 x 250x600=1200 mm2
As > As,min ..... O.K → Use As = 10 ∯ 16

 Section (2): Pu=150 kN and Mu= 400 kNm

1- Design Zone
𝐌𝐮 𝟒𝟎𝟎 𝐞 𝟐.𝟔𝟕
e= = = 2.67 m & = = 4.44 > 0.05
𝐏𝐮 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝐭 𝟎.𝟔𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟑
( ) = = 0.033 < 0.04 → (Zone D)
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐱𝟔𝟎𝟎
Neglect Pu design Mu only using (C1,j) method
2-Design section subjected to Mu only using (C1,j) method
𝐌𝐮 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝐱𝟏𝟎𝟔
d = C1 →  540 = C1 → C1 =2.338
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎

𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟔𝟎𝟎
C/d=1.25-1.25 𝟏 − = 1.25-1.25 𝟏− =0.718
𝟏𝟑𝟒𝐂𝟐𝟏 𝟏𝟑𝟒𝐱𝟐.𝟑𝟑𝟖𝟐
C/d =0.67 > (Cmax/d=0.42) for fy =400 Mpa (Table 4.1) → Use
As, As’
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛𝐝𝟐 𝐟𝐲
Assume d ՛ = 40 mm & Mu =Rmax 𝛄𝐜
+ 𝛄𝐬
As’ (d-d’)
From (Table 4.1) Rmax =0.189 , µmax =4.36x10-4 fcu
𝟑𝟎𝐱𝟐𝟓𝟎𝐱𝟓𝟒𝟎𝟐 𝟒𝟎𝟎
400x106=0.189x + x As’x (540-40)→ get As’=716 mm2
𝟏.𝟓 𝟏.𝟏𝟓

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 11

 As=µmax bd+ As’ =4.36x10-4x30x250x540+716=2482 mm2
α =As’/As=716/2482=0.288
4- Check As,min
As,min for short columns is 0.80%
= 0.008 b t = 0.008 x 250x600=1200 mm2
As,totat = As + A’s = 2482 + 716
= 3198 mm2 > As,min O.K
Use As = 8 ∯ 20 , A’s = 4 ∯ 16

 Section (3): Pu=1800 kN and Mu= 160 kNm

1- Design Zone
𝐌𝐮 𝟏𝟔𝟎 𝐞 𝟎.𝟎𝟖𝟗
e= = = 0.089 m & = = 0.148 >0.05
𝐏𝐮 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝐭 𝟎.𝟔𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟑
( )= = 0.40 >0.04
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐱𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝐞
Since ( ( ) > 0.04 and > 0.05 )  Zone ( B or C )
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝐭
Assume design cover = 60.0mm
d= t- cover = 600 – 60 = 540 mm
𝐟𝐜𝐮
at As = As՛ → Pb = 214.4 ( 𝐟𝐲 )bd
𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝛄𝐬

𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝟑𝟎
Pb = 214.4 ( 𝐟𝐲 ) b d = 214.4x ( ) 250x540 = 916 KN
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟒𝟎𝟎/𝟏.𝟏𝟓
𝛄𝐬

 (Pu> Pb) …. Compression failure mode (Zone B)

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 12

 2- Determine area of steel: Using ID
𝐞
0.05< ( 𝐭 =0.148)<0.20 → Using (Uniform steel distribution,
fy=400 Mpa, Rectangular section, Uniaxial moment ,
𝐭 𝟐𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫 𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟐𝐱 𝟒𝟎
ξ= 𝐭
= 𝟔𝟎𝟎
= 0.86 ≈= 0.9)
𝐏𝐮 𝐌𝐮 𝟏𝟔𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟔
= 0.40 & = = 0.06
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟐 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐱𝟔𝟎𝟎𝟐
from (ID) get 𝛒 =5
 = 𝛒 fcu x 10-4 = 5 x 30 x 10-4 = 0.015
As=  b t = 0.015 x 250 x 600 = 2250 mm2
3- Check As,min
As,min for short columns is 0.80%
= 0.008 b t = 0.008 x 250x600=1200 mm2
As> As,min O.K & Use As = 12 ∯ 16

 Section (4): Pu=1300 kN and Mu= 250 kNm

1- Design Zone
𝐌𝐮 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐞 𝟎.𝟎𝟖𝟗
e= = = 0.192 m & = = 0.32 >0.05
𝐏𝐮 𝟏𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝐭 𝟎.𝟔𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝟏𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟑
( )= = 0.289 >0.04
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐱𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝐞
Since ( ( ) > 0.04 and > 0.05 )  Zone ( B or C )
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝐭
Assume design cover = 60.0mm
d= t- cover = 600 – 60 = 540 mm
𝐟𝐜𝐮
at As = As՛ → Pb = 214.4 ( 𝐟𝐲 )bd
𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝛄𝐬

𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝟑𝟎
Pb = 214.4 ( 𝐟𝐲 ) b d = 214.4x ( ) 250x540 = 916 KN
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟒𝟎𝟎/𝟏.𝟏𝟓
𝛄𝐬

 (Pu> Pb) …. Compression failure mode (Zone B)

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 13

 2- Determine area of steel: Using ID
𝐞
0.20< ( =0.32)<0.50 → Using (Top and bottom steel (α=1),
𝐭
fy=400 Mpa, Rectangular section, Uniaxial moment ,
𝐭 𝟐𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫 𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟐𝐱 𝟒𝟎
ξ= = = 0.86 ≈= 0.9)
𝐭 𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝐌𝐮 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟔
= 0.289 & = = 0.092
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟐 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐱𝟔𝟎𝟎𝟐
from (ID) get 𝛒 =2
Calculate As, A's
 = 𝛒 fcu x 10-4 = 2 x 30 x 10-4 = 0.006
As=  b t = 0.006 x 250 x 600 = 900 mm2
A's= α As = 1 x 900 = 900 mm2
3- Check As,min
As,min for short columns is 0.80%
As,min = 0.008 b t = 0.008 x 250x600=1200 mm2
As,totat = As + A’s =900 + 900 = 1800 mm2 > As,min O.K.
→ Choose As=As’= 5 ∯ 16

 Section (5): Pu=225 kN and Mu= 350 kNm

1- Design Zone
𝐌𝐮 𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝐞 𝟏.𝟓𝟓
e= = = 1.55 m & = = 2.59 >0.05
𝐏𝐮 𝟐𝟐𝟓 𝐭 𝟎.𝟔𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝟐𝟐𝟓 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟑
( )= = 0.05 >0.04
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐱𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝐏𝐮 𝐞
Since ( ( ) > 0.04 and > 0.05 )  Zone ( B or C )
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝐭
Assume design cover = 60.0mm
d= t- cover = 600 – 60 = 540 mm
𝐟𝐜𝐮
at As = As՛ → Pb = 214.4 ( 𝐟𝐲 )bd
𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝛄𝐬

𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝟑𝟎
Pb = 214.4 ( 𝐟𝐲 ) b d = 214.4x ( ) 250x540 = 916 KN
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟒𝟎𝟎/𝟏.𝟏𝟓
𝛄𝐬

 (Pu< Pb) …. Tension failure mode (Zone C)

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 14

 2- Determine area of steel: Using Mus
es= e + t/2 – cover = 1.55 + 0.6/2 – 0.06 = 1.795 m
Mus=Pu es = 225 x 1.795 = 404 kN m
Using (C1 , j) method
𝐌𝐮𝐬 𝟒𝟎𝟒𝐱𝟏𝟎𝟔
d = C1 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛
→  540 = C1 𝟑𝟎 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎
→ C1 =2.327
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟔𝟎𝟎
C/d=1.25-1.25 𝟏 − = 1.25-1.25 𝟏− =0.73
𝟏𝟑𝟒𝐂𝟐𝟏 𝟏𝟑𝟒𝐱𝟐.𝟑𝟐𝟕𝟐

(C/d=0.73) > (Cmax/d=0.42) for fy =400 Mpa (Table 4.1)

→ Use As, As’
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛𝐝𝟐 𝐟𝐲
Assume d ՛ = 40 mm & Mu =Rmax + As’ (d-d’)
𝛄𝐜 𝛄𝐬
From (Table 4.1) Rmax =0.189 , µmax =4.36x10-4 fcu
𝟑𝟎𝐱𝟐𝟓𝟎𝐱𝟓𝟒𝟎𝟐 𝟒𝟎𝟎
404x106=0.189x + x As’x (540-40)→ get As’=739 mm2
𝟏.𝟓 𝟏.𝟏𝟓
𝐏𝐮
As=µmax bd+ As’ -
𝐟𝐲/𝟏.𝟏𝟓
𝟐𝟐𝟓𝐱𝟏𝟎𝟑
=4.36x10-4x30x250x540+ 739 - =1858 mm2
𝟒𝟎𝟎/𝟏.𝟏𝟓
α =As’/As=739/1858=0.397 <0.40 Ok.

3- Check As,min
As,min for short columns is 0.80%
= 0.008 b t = 0.008 x 250x600=1200 mm2
As,totat = As + A’s = 1858 + 739
= 2597 mm2 > As,min O.K
Use As = 8 ∯ 18 , A’s = 4 ∯ 16

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 15

 Design of section subjected to
Biaxial moment (MuX , Muy and Pucompression)

Method of Design

Method of design for section subjected to biaxial moment

1- Biaxial (ID ) with equal steel on four sides
2- Approximate method according to ECP203 with

My

Mx

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 16

 My
Minimum Eccentricity for
Biaxially Loaded Columns

My Mx

My My

Mx Mx
Mx

Neglect (My) Neglect (Mx) Neglect (Mx & My)

𝐌𝒚 = Pu ex & 𝐌𝒙 = Pu ey
ex min = 0.05 b → If ex ≤ ex min , Neglect (My)
ey min = 0.05 t → If ey ≤ ey min , Neglect (Mx)

Using Biaxial ID 𝐌𝐲
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐭 𝐛 𝟐

Calculate :
𝐏
Rb = ( 𝐮 )
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭
𝐭 𝟐 𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫
ξ= = 0.80 or 0.90
𝐭
𝐌𝐱 𝐌𝐲 𝐌𝐱
and
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟐 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐭 𝐛 𝟐 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝟐
From (I.D) get 𝛒
 = 𝛒 fcu 10-4
As=  b t

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 17

 Using approximate method according to ECP203
1- Calculate the following parameters
a՛ = a – design cover, b՛ = b – design cover
𝐌𝐱 𝐌𝐲
𝐚՛
and 𝐛՛
𝐏𝐮
Rb =
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭
𝐑
β = 0.90- 𝐛 0.60 ≤ β ≤ 0.80
𝟐
2- Calculate design moment
𝐌𝐱 𝐌 𝐚՛
If ՛ > 𝐲՛ then M՛x = Mx + β ( ) My
𝐚 𝐛 𝐛՛
𝐌𝐱 𝐌𝐲 𝐛՛
If ≤ ՛ then M՛y = My + β( ) Mx
𝐚՛ 𝐛 𝐚՛
𝐏𝐮 M՛x
3- From uniaxial (ID) with uniform steel using (𝐟 𝐛𝐭
and 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐚𝟐
𝐜𝐮
M՛y
or ) get 𝛒
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐚 𝐛 𝟐
4- get  = 𝛒 fcu 10-4 → As=  b t

Design of Circular Sections Subject to

Eccentric Compression Forces using I.D

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 18

 Design of Circular Section using First Principles
The same procedure used in developing the capacity of
rectangular columns is used for circular ones . However, the ECP-
203 does not permit the use of the equivalent stress block in
developing circular section capacity.

Steps of Solution

1- Calculate the following parameters

𝐏𝐮 M𝒖 𝐫՛ (𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫)
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟐
, 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫𝟑
and ξ= 𝐫

2- From (ID) get 𝛒

3- get  = 𝛒 fcu 10-4
As=  π r2
Check Asmin

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 19

 P
Step of Solution 𝐟𝐜𝐮 r 𝟐

𝐌𝐮
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟑

Solved Example

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 20

 Example (1)
Design a circular reinforced concrete short column
shown in the figure below if it is subjected to the
following straining actions

Pu= 5000 KN
Mu= 800 KN.m
fcu =35 MPa
fy =350 MPa

1- Calculate the following terms: Solution

𝐏𝐮 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟑
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟐
= 𝟑𝟓 𝐱𝟒𝟎𝟎𝟐
= 0.89
M𝐮 𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟔
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫𝟑
= 𝟑𝟓 𝐱𝟒𝟎𝟎𝟑
= 0.36
Assume design cover = 40.0 mm
r՛ = r – cover = 400-40 = 360 mm
𝐫՛ (𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫) 𝟑𝟔𝟎
ξ= = = 0.90
𝐫 𝟒𝟎𝟎
2- From ID for circular section using
𝐏𝐮 M𝐮
fy =350 Mpa, ξ=0.90 , = 0.89 and = 0.36 get 𝛒 = 4.0
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟐 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟑

3- Calculate As
 = 𝛒 fcu x 10-4 = 4.0 x 35 x 10-4 = 0.014 >  min(0.008) OK.
As=  π r2= 0.014 x π x 4002 = 7037.16 mm2 → Choose 19 ∯ 22

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 21

 4- Check stirrups volume ratio: Solution
Assume using stirrups 8 ∯ 10 /m
 Asp = 78.5 mm2
The volume of the stirrups in
1 meter equals
Vs = n Asp (π Ds) = 8 x 78.5 x π x 750
= 1479690 mm3
𝟎.𝟐𝟓 π
Vs,min = x x 8002 x1000
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟒
= 1256637 < Vs OK.

Design of Circular Sections Subject to

Biaxial Moment (Pu, Mx and My )

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 22

 Design of Circular Section subjected to Biaxial moment
 Biaxial moments applied to circular sections can be
transformed into equivalent uniaxial bending.
 This procedure is possible because the bending strength of
circular columns is the same in all directions due to the
complete symmetry of the section.
 Thus the design of a circular column subjected to biaxial
bending is the same as the one subjected to uniaxial bending
but with a resultant uniaxial moment equals:
 Mu= 𝐌𝐱𝟐 + 𝐌𝐲𝟐
 The previous procedure is valid in case of using almost
uniform steel distribution.
 The use of at least 12 bars is considered sufficient to ensure
uniformity.

Design of Circular Section subjected to Biaxial moment

Mu= 𝐌𝐱𝟐 + 𝐌𝐲𝟐

e= 𝐞𝐱𝟐 + 𝐞𝐲𝟐

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 23

 Solved Example

Example (2)
Design a circular reinforced concrete short column
shown in the figure below if it is subjected to the
following straining actions

Pu= 560 KN
Mux= 275 KN.m
Muy= 140 KN.m
fcu =25 MPa
fy =350 MPa

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 24

 Solution
1- Calculate the following terms:
Mu= 𝐌𝐱𝟐 + 𝐌𝐲𝟐 = 𝟐𝟕𝟓𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟐 =308.58 KN.m
𝐏𝐮 𝟓𝟔𝟎 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟑
= = 0.25
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟐 𝟐𝟓 𝐱𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟐

M𝐮 𝟑𝟎𝟖.𝟓𝟖 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟔
= = 0.46
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫𝟑 𝟑𝟐𝟓 𝐱𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟑
Assume design cover = 40.0 mm
r՛ = r –cover = 300-40 = 260 mm
𝐫՛ (𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫) 𝟐𝟔𝟎
ξ= = = 0.86 use 0.90
𝐫 𝟑𝟎𝟎
2- From ID for circular section using
𝐏𝐮 M𝐮
fy =350 Mpa, ξ=0.90 , = 0.25 and = 0.46 get 𝛒 = 4.5
𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟐 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐫 𝟑

3- Calculate As Solution
 = 𝛒 fcu x 10-4 = 4.5 x 25 x 10-4
= 0.01125 >  min(0.008) OK.
As=  π r2= 0.01125 x π x 3002
= 3181 mm2 → Choose 13 ∯ 18
4- Check stirrups volume ratio:
Assume using stirrups 6 ∯ 10 /m
 Asp = 78.5 mm2
The volume of the stirrups in
1 meter equals
Vs = n Asp (π Ds) = 6 x 78.5 x π x 550
= 813829 mm3
𝟎.𝟐𝟓 π
Vs,min = x x 6002 x1000
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟒
= 706858 < Vs OK.

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 25

 Assignment (2)

Assignment (2)

1- It is required to design a short rectangle

column in the following cases

Col No Pu Mu fcu fy b t
KN KN m N/mm N/mm2
2 mm mm
1 2060 247 25 400 250 600
2 1250 250 25 350 250 500
3 1575 661 30 400 300 700
4 500 600 25 350 300 800
5 2143 600 35 400 250 ???

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 26

 Assignment (2)
2- Design reinforced concrete short column shown in the figure
below using
A- Biaxial ID with equal steel on four sides
B- Approximate method according to ECP203
if it is subjected to the following straining actions using
Pu= 2940 KN
Mux= 514 KN m
Muy= 130 KN m
fcu =30 MPa
fy =400 MPa

Assignment (2)

3- It is required to design a short

circular column in the following cases

Col Pu Mux Muy fcu fy D

No KN KN m KN m N/mm N/mm2
2 mm
1 5040 672 0 35 400 800
2 3675 460 350 30 350 700

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 27

 Quiz One

Quiz One
Design reinforced concrete short column if it is
subjected to the following straining actions

Section 𝐏𝐮 𝒆 fcu fy b t
No 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝒃 MPa MPa mm mm
1 0.1 1 35 400 300 800
2 0.03 3 35 420 350 900
3 0.45 0.04 35 420 250 500
4 0.36 0.15 35 420 250 600
5 0.29 0.3 35 420 300 700
6 0.45 0.04 30 400 250 500
7 0.36 0.15 30 400 250 600
8 0.29 0.3 30 400 300 700

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 28

 Quiz One

Design reinforced concrete short column if it is

subjected to the following straining actions

Section 𝐏𝐮 𝒆 fcu fy b t
No 𝐟𝐜𝐮 𝐛 𝐭 𝒕 MPa MPa mm mm
9 0.45 0.04 25 360 250 500
10 0.36 0.15 25 360 250 600
11 0.29 0.3 25 360 300 700
12 0.1 1 30 360 300 800
13 0.03 3 30 400 350 900
14 0.45 0.04 30 400 250 500
15 0.36 0.15 30 400 250 600
16 0.29 0.3 30 400 300 700

Assistant Prof./Sayed Ahmed ELSayed 29