Test 11

For many people, the reason they work hard is to earn more money. To what extent do you agree
or disagree ?

1. Earn more money = financial security =financial stability >< financial hardship
2. A driving force behind sth: động lực thúc đẩy
=> money is a driving force behind working hard
3. By no means: not at all
4. Meet our basic needs: đáp ứng nhu cầu cơ bản
5. Thrive in their careers = excel in their careers = a impetus : thúc đẩy
6. Propel (v) push: thúc đẩy
7. Intrinsic (a) extremely important and basic: cơ bản, thực chất, bên trong
=> intrinsic factor : yếu tố cơ bản
8. Personal fulfilment: => a great sense of fulfilment
9. Professional growth : phát triển sự nghiệp
10. Motivate (V) => motivator => work motivation
11. Act as a powerful motivator = motivate = play a crucial role in propelling= derived from
*Body 1: financial stability - act as a powerful motivator
+ fear of finanical hardship - a strong impetus to work for prolonged hours and strive for job promotion
=> living cost- high
=> meet basic needs ( shelter, foood, healthcare)
+ save for fulfilling future goals ( retirement, children’s education...) , money => vital => put extra
effort...
*Body 2: personal ful.., and profess.. growth- motivate - a driving for behind the reason ....
+ find satisfaction in mastering new skills, contributing to...
+ sense of accomplishment - derived from a job well- done
+ set foundation for career ladder=> learn new skills ( start new jobs with lower income

Test 12.
In the past, people stored knowledge in books. Nowadays, people store knowledge on the internet.
Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
Vocabularies
1. storing knowledge on the Internet =online knowledge storage = using the internet as a storage for
knowledge
2. Printed books = traditional books
Access knowledge: truy cập kiến thức
Search engine (np): bộ máy/công cụ tìm kiếm
A couple of mouse clicks: vài cú nhấp chuột
Stored in different formats: được lưu trữ ở nhiều dạng khác nhau
Absorb the information: hấp thụ thông tin
Digital form (np): hình thức điện tử, kĩ thuật số
Reliability (n): độ tin cậy
Verification (n): sự kiểm duyệt
Deliver inaccurate knowledge: truyền tải kiến thức không chính xác
Differentiate between A and B: phân biệt giữa A và B
Piracy (n): nạn ăn cắp sản phẩm, phát hành sản phẩm lậu
Online knowledge storage: việc lưu trữ kiến thức trực tuyến
Pave the way for something: mở đường cho cái gì đó
Copyright infringement (np): việc vi phạm bản quyền
Distribute pirated, free electronic books: phát hành sách lậu điện tử miễn phí
Web traffic: lượng truy cập trang web

Body1: Benefits of storing knowledge on the Internet

* allows people to access knowledge from an immense number of sources.
=> search engines like Google or Firefox, internet users can explore content on various topics with a
couple of mouse clicks => get access to information immediately anywhere = cheaper, much more
convenient and time-saving # looking for the same amount of knowledge from printed books.
* knowledge on the Internet is stored in different formats=> learners absorb the information more
effectively( books - texts or images only # internets- texts, digital forms: audio, videos)
=> Eg. Auditory learners find learning via podcasts - more usful - reading bookds
Body 2. storing knowledge on the Internet brings about more significant disadvantages
*the reliability of information on the web is not guaranteed.
=>anything - posted on the Internet without verification + unreliable sources which deliver inaccurate
knowledge, making it hard for an average user to differentiate between true and false information.
* digital piracy -intellectual copyrights are at risk due to the boom of the internet
=> The Internet - pave the way for the boom in copyright infringements
=>Tons of websites are distributing pirated, free electronic books to increase their web traffic
=> illegal distribution is difficult to control and causes the publishing industry to lose millions of dollars
every year.

I believe that the positives of this trend outweigh its negatives.

Body paragraph 1:Advantages
Provides people with quick and easy access to a great variety of information
 More convenient compared to the past
Knowledge is accessible anytime and anywhere
 Ex: Listening to podcasts while running
Can keep more diversified types of knowledge
 Film and musical legacies can be stored and shared with our future descendants
Body paragraph 2:Disadvantages
Internet users are susceptible to fake news
 Every can post anything => Lots of unreliable information --> Dangerous in some cases
Intellectual copyrights are at risk
 Websites distributing pirated publications --> Inflict substantial losses on the publishing industry
and discourage aspiring authors

📚 Vocabulary
Leaf through numerous pages/liːf θruː ˈnjuːmərəs ˈpeɪʤɪz/(verb). Lật nhanh qua những trang sách
To be accessible anytime and anywhere /tuː biː əkˈsɛsəbl ˈɛniˌtaɪm ænd ˈɛnɪweə/(adj). Có thể truy cập
mọi lúc mọi nơi
Absorb information from podcasts/əbˈsɔːb ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən frɒm ˈpɒdkɑːsts/(verb). TIếp thu thông tin từ
những podcast
To be capable of storing audios and videos/tuː biː ˈkeɪpəbl ɒv ˈstɔːrɪŋ ˈɔːdɪˌəʊz ænd ˈvɪdɪəʊz/(adj). Có
khả năng lưu trữ các tệp âm thanh và hình ảnh
To be shared with our future descendants/tuː biː ʃeəd wɪð ˈaʊə ˈfjuːʧə dɪˈsɛndənts/(verb). Được chia sẻ
với con cháu đời sau
Post without verification and repercussions/pəʊst wɪˈðaʊt ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən ænd ˌriːpɜːˈkʌʃənz/
(verb). Đăng tải mà không qua kiểm chứng cũng như chịu hậu quả gì
Health-related or law-related/hɛlθ-rɪˈleɪtɪd ɔː lɔː-rɪˈleɪtɪd/(adj). Liên quan tới sức khỏe hoặc luật pháp
Distribute pirated publications/dɪsˈtrɪbju(ː)t ˈpaɪərɪtɪd ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃənz/(verb). Phát hành các ấn phẩm vi
phạm bản quyền
Advertising revenue/ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ ˈrɛvɪnju/(noun). Tiền quảng cáo
Copyright infringements/ˈkɒpɪraɪt ɪnˈfrɪnʤmənts/(noun). Sự vi phạm bản quyền
Discourage aspiring authors/dɪsˈkʌrɪʤ əsˈpaɪərɪŋ ˈɔːθəz/(verb). Làm các tác giả có tham vọng nản lòng

Test 13. Art classes, such as painting and drawing, are as important for
children’s development as other subjects, so they should be compulsory in high school. Do you agree or
disagree?

* Art - important - other

- paitning and drawing- facilitate a child’s development of emotional intelligence
 + attending these class=> chance to learn how to observe works of art and understanding the artist’s
feelings=> get used to have a better understading of other’s emotion
- significance of art-based subjects is also as great as that of English and other languages=> enable the
learners to better express their dieas=> non-verbal channels : sketch their characters or use color patterns
*rendering them compulsory may adversely impact students in many ways.
- not every student is enthusiastic about art=> become a source of boredom and stress
+ This amount of time - allotted for other classes (more interested )=> make full use of their time
- art be obligatory at school=> students - not artistically gifted -great difficulty achieving good grades
+not easy for everyone to improve their artistic skills for a short period of time=> negatively affect the
students’ GPA
Incorporate into a school curriculum: bao gồm trong chương trình học
The inclusion of art education in the high school curriculum: đưa vào chương trình học

*art is not as important as that of others

-drawing or painting does not help increase their chance of winning a slot in their university
+not all majors in tertiary education require people to know how to draw a picture but they do need to
have good command of English or certain computer proficiency to perform better at university
+graduates who have learned a lot about art but fail to place enough emphasis on their English or
computer using ability may be faced with great difficulties finding a well-paid job=> troubled by
financial issues, discouraged before losing their happiness in life which is of great importance.

Test 14.
Topic: Some people think it is more important to spend money on roads and motorways than on public
transport systems.
To what extend do you agree?

equally invested in.

*-better road quality increases the level of safety and reduces traffic congestion
+VN: Number of road accidents is ever-increasing because there are a lot of holes on the road’s
surface=> spend money improving the quality of road systems in order to ensure the safety
+building wider roads and more motorways in big cities => increase road capacity=> more space for a
larger number of vehicles, => reducing pressure on the city’s main roads + congestion.
+ Faciliate journey ( shorten journey - highways => connect areas => offer benefits indi + nation=> cost,
*better public transport systems are beneficial for the environment + private vehicle.
- modes of public transport -produce less pollutants than cars and other private vehicles.
=> access to public transport will improve air quality and reduce pollution. Furthermore, for
- those who do not have a private vehicle- a great choice= cost, congestion,
Spending money= invest in = allocate budget
Vocabulary highlights
1. To increase the level of safety: Tăng mức độ an toàn
2. To reduce traffic congestion: Giảm ách tắc giao thông
3. To ensure the safety of people: Đảm bảo an toàn cho người dân
4. To increase road capacity: Tăng tải trọng đường
5. To reduce pressure on the city’s main roads as well as congestion: Giảm áp lực lên đường phố
cũng như giảm ách tức
6. Access to public transport: Có thể sử dụng phương tiện công cộng
7. Improve air quality and reduce pollution: Cải thiện chất lượng không khí và giảm ô nhiễm
*
TOTALLY DISAGREE
Body 1: (Viết về congestion)
Main idea: Encouraging citizens to use their cars less and public transport more can be considered as an
effective measure to deal with traffic jams when people commute by means of public transport instead of
private vehicles
Supporting idea:
 When more people opt for public transportation, the overall number of vehicles on the road decreases,
leading to reduced traffic congestion and smoother traffic flow.
 This not only benefits those using public transport but also contributes to a more efficient transportation
system for the entire community.
Body 2: (Viết về air pollution)
 Main idea: Encouraging urban dwellers to utilize the public transportation can make substantial
contributions to addressing the issue of polluted air.
 Supporting idea: Public transportation reduces individual carbon footprints by minimizing the number of
private vehicles on the road, leading to decreased air pollution levels.
 Example: The introduction of the TransMilenio Bus Rapid Transit system in Bogotá has markedly
improved air quality by encouraging residents to choose buses over personal cars, leading to reduced
traffic congestion, lower emissions, and a more sustainable and accessible commuting option for a
broader population.

Test 15

Some people think that children should start school at a very early age, but others believe that
should not go to school until they are older. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
Từ đồng nghĩa, trái nghĩa:
children = young schoolers
start = begin = commence = initiate
school = formal education
at a very early age / until they are older = at / before the age of …
go to school = start (full-time) schooling = be sent to school
Dạng bài Opinion, PHẢI phân tích cả 2 hướng (lợi ích và bất lợi của việc cho trẻ đi học từ rất sớm)
và đưa ra quan điểm của chính mình.
Đoạn 1: Lợi ích của việc đưa trẻ đi học từ sớm
In this fast-changing world, a number of parents wish to prepare their children with academic knowledge
from early age so as that they gain an advantage in highly competitive environments.
→ Particularly, children who receive full-time schooling at the age of 3 or 4 have 1 or 2 years of getting
familiar to basic literacy and numeracy before others.
→ Also, scientific research has illustrated that language acquisition ability is greater at a younger age than
at an older one; therefore, an increasing figure for parents would like their children to be exposed to
foreign languages sooner.
→ With the assumption that a beginning ahead of time means better results, early formal education is
becoming a mainstream in several countries.
-Foster social skills - actively interact with peers, teacher in classroom setting => develop communication
skills, teamwork abilities - long run

Đoạn 2: Bất lợi của việc đưa trẻ đi học từ sớm

Ý 1: Such erroneous belief may leave profound damage.
→ Obliged to go to school when they are psychologically unready, children are likely to develop the fear
of learning.
→ Formal education is associated with homework and regulations, creating excessive and unnecessary
stress for little kids.
→ In contrast, in formative years, young children should be encouraged to learn and discover the
surroundings through playing rather than tedious hours in classroom.

Ý 2: Scientific statistics has illustrated that where children start school later, better performance is
observed.
→ A typical example is seen in Finland, where children don not start formal and full-scale education until
they are seven.
→ In reality, over the last 50 years, Finnish students have always been standing at the top productive and
successful ones in international competitions.
Test 7. Some people think that in modern society individuals are becoming more dependent on each
other. Others believe people have become more independent. Discuss both views and give your own
opinion.

Mở bài: Sau khi paraphrase lại đề bài, đưa ra một Thesis Statement (luận điểm) để nêu quan điểm.
Body 1: phân tích lý lẽ của những người ủng hộ quan điểm "các cá nhân đang ngày càng độc lập hơn".
Body 2: ủng hộ và phân tích quan điểm "sự phụ thuộc lẫn nhau giữa các cá nhân ngày càng tăng".
Kết bài: kết luận và khẳng định lại quan điểm của mình.

Body paragraph 1:Individuals have become more independent

Technological advancements
 Explain: Digital technologies = people access information >>> reduce reliance.
Economic opportunities + personal freedoms
 Explain: economic globalization + flexible work arrangements >>> greater control of careers and
lifestyles >>> less beholden to external influences + making autonomous decisions.
Body paragraph 2:People are becoming more dependent on each other
 Reason: driven by many factors >>> Example 1: depend on others for goods, services, and
information >>> difficult survive if excluded from community >>> Example 2: complex societal
challenges >>> require cooperation to address.

Dependent(a) dependence= dependency independent(a) independence = individual

= dependance=> interdependence autonomy /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.mi/

dependence
on The company needs to reduce its dependen
ce on just one particular product.
She has developed a deep dependence on
him (= she needs him emotionally).
Drug dependence led to her early death.
reliantadjective /rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/ US /rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/ empowerverb [ T ] /ɪmˈpaʊər/ US /ɪmˈpaʊ.ɚ/ to give
C2needing a particular thing someone official authority or the freedom to do
or person in order to continue, something: trao quyền, cho phép
to work correctly, or to succeed: + on : dựa
vào
=> reliancenoun [ U ] /rɪˈlaɪ.əns/ US /rɪ
ˈlaɪ.əns/C2the state of depending on
or trusting in something or someone:
The region's reliance on tourism is unwise.
You place too much
reliance on her ideas and expertise.
reliance on sth/sb Ireland has
a greater reliance
on oil for electricity generation than most
other EU countries.
increasing/growing/heavy reliance on
sth The company's increasing reliance
on subcontractors involves several risks, incl
uding reduced control over pricing.
Rely on: I rely on you for good advice. provide individuals with greater control over sth

depend on making autonomous decisions

beholden to external influences/bɪˈhəʊldᵊn tuː exert a certain level of freedom over their lives
ɪkˈstɜːnᵊl ˈɪnfluənsɪz/ exert a certain level of freedom/ɪɡˈzɜːt ə ˈsɜːtᵊn ˈlɛvᵊl
(adj). chịu ảnh hưởng từ bên ngoài ɒv ˈfriːdəm/(verb). thể hiện một mức độ tự do nhất định
She felt beholden to external influences, unable Citizens in democratic societies often exert a certain
to make decisions without considering their level of freedom in their actions.
impact on others. exertverb /ɪɡˈzɜːt/ US /ɪɡˈzɝːt/ (USE)
to use something such
as authority, power, influence, etc. in order to make
something happen:
exert your influence : phát huy sức ảnh hưởng- If
you were to exert your influence they
might change their decision.
exert pressure on: gây áp lực
Some managers exert considerable pressure on their
staff to work extra hours without being paid

self-determination
noun [ U ]
UK /ˌself.dɪˌtɜː.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌself.dɪˌtɝː.mə
ˈneɪ.ʃən/
the ability or power to make decisions for
yourself, especially the power of
a nation to decide how it will be governed: khả năng
tự quyết

Test 8
In many cities, planners tend to arrange shops, schools, offices, and homes in specific areas and separate
them from each other. Do you think the advantages of this policy outweigh the disadvantages?

Test 9.
Nowadays the differences between countries are becoming less evident because people follow the
same media. Do the advantage of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?
Access = exposure = consume
Media
Test 10
Nowadays more and more people want to get things done instantly (services, information, tasks).
Why is this? Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
Ngày nay, ngày càng có nhiều người muốn hoàn thành mọi việc ngay lập tức (dịch vụ, thông tin, nhiệm
vụ). Tại sao lại vậy? Bạn có nghĩ rằng đó là một sự phát triển tích cực hay tiêu cực?
=> Đề bài này thuộc dạng Two-part question.
1.2. Dàn ý
Introduction:
 Trong xã hội ngày nay, ngày càng có nhiều cá nhân thích những hành động và phản ứng nhanh
chóng. Mặc dù sự ra đời của công nghệ mới đã làm cho lối sống của chúng ta nhanh hơn, nhưng
tôi tin rằng nó chủ yếu góp phần vào vòng luẩn quẩn của tội phạm và các vấn đề sức khỏe mãn
tính.
=> In today's society, a growing number of individuals prefer rapid actions and responses.
While the advent of new technology has made our way of life quicker, I believe it is primarily
contributing to a vicious cycle of crime and chronic health issues.
 Đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân: Bài viết sau sẽ đi sâu vào khái niệm đó một cách chi tiết hơn và chỉ ra
lý do tại sao nó là một sự phát triển tiêu cực.
=> This essay will delve into this concept in greater detail and show why it is a negative
development.
Body 1: Biện chứng số một:
 Sự tiến bộ vượt bậc của công nghệ truyền thông và tự động hóa đã giúp cuộc sống của con người
trở nên nhanh chóng và thuận tiện hơn bao giờ hết.
=> The remarkable progress in communication and automation technology has made people's
lives faster and more convenient than ever before.
 Công nghệ tự động hóa là một cải tiến mang tính đột phá khác đã làm cho cuộc sống hàng ngày
trở nên vô cùng thú vị theo những cách mà không thể tưởng tượng được trước đó.
 => Automation technology is another groundbreaking innovation that has made daily life
incredibly enjoyable in ways that were once unimaginable.
Body 2: Biện chứng số hai:
 Tiến bộ mang tính cách mạng này cũng bị chỉ trích vì đã tạo điều kiện cho:
→ Tội phạm mạng: quấy rối mọi người bằng cách gửi tin nhắn văn bản độc hại, sử dụng hình ảnh
hoặc video trái phép hay lan truyền tin đồn qua mạng xã hội.
→ Thúc đẩy lối sống ít vận động dễ mắc bệnh: béo phì, tiểu đường, bệnh tim mạch, trầm cảm và
các vấn đề sức khỏe khác.
=> This revolutionary progress has also been criticized for facilitating:
→ Cyber-crimes: harassing people by sending malicious text messages, using unauthorized
images or videos, and spreading rumors via social media.
→ Promoting a sedentary lifestyle prone to illness: obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases,
depression, and other health issues.
Conclusion:
 Tóm tắt lại bài làm:
=> In conclusion, although the accelerated pace of life has brought speed and comfort to our
daily routines, it has also been associated with severe cyber-crimes and a sedentary lifestyle
prone to disease. Consequently, after weighing all factors, I believe that this rapid lifestyle is
ultimately a negative development.

Many factors motivate people in the workplace. Of these, money is the most important. To what
extent do you agree or disagree?
Although I am in consummate accord with the notion, I still think that other contributors including
the purpose of the job and healthy competition between employees can also be regarded as elements
motivating people to work harder.
Body paragraph 1:
The significance of money
Fulfilling a desired life
 the majority of people work in a financial-oriented way to support other aspects of life
Solidifying one’s social status
 the more money people make, the more respect they can gain from others
Body paragraph 2:
Multiple other ways to incentivize employees to work hard
Healthy competition between colleagues
 In a community where workers are challenged against one another to deliver the best results, it
will create a drive to work harder.
Job purpose
 For example, doctors and nurses work harder than in any other profession because they feel they
have the responsibility to save lives.

In the past, people stored knowledge in books. Nowadays, people store knowledge on the internet.
Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
I believe that the positives of this trend outweigh its negatives.
Body paragraph 1:
Advantages
Provides people with quick and easy access to a great variety of information
 More convenient compared to the past
Knowledge is accessible anytime and anywhere
 Ex: Listening to podcasts while running
Can keep more diversified types of knowledge
 Film and musical legacies can be stored and shared with our future descendants
Body paragraph 2:
Disadvantages
Internet users are susceptible to fake news
 Every can post anything => Lots of unreliable information --> Dangerous in some cases
Intellectual copyrights are at risk
 Websites distributing pirated publications --> Inflict substantial losses on the publishing industry
and discourage aspiring authors
Test 16.
Some people think that the main purpose of schools is to turn children into good citizens and
workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Một số người nghĩ rằng mục đích chính của trường học là giúp trẻ em thành những công dân và người lao
động tốt, hơn là mang lại lợi ích cho chúng với tư cách cá nhân. Bạn đồng ý hay không đồng ý với chúng?
=> Đề bài này thuộc dạng Agree or Disagree.
The main purpose of schooling is to train young individuals to be capable citizens and workers for
society. = creat good citizens and productive workers
Benefit children as individuals = education would mainly contribute to individuals’ fulfillment.
potentialnoun [ U ] /pəˈten.ʃəl/ US /poʊˈten.ʃəl/ (ABILITY)

Dàn ý
Introduction:
=> Some people argue that the primary purpose of schools is to create good citizens and productive
workers.
=> This essay will challenge this notion by emphasizing the importance of individual growth and
development within the educational process.
Body 1: Biện chứng số một:
=> Schools foster the intellectual and creative development of students → allow each student to
reach their full potential → help students discover and nurture their passions, interests, and talents.
=> For example: Diverse education encourages critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving
skills → lead to individual fulfillment and a sense of purpose.
Body 2: Biện chứng số hai:
=> Schools should also prioritize the emotional and social growth of students, such as emotional
intelligence and social skills → essential for personal well-being and success in various aspects of
life, including relationships and career progression.
=> Schools can help students develop empathy, resilience, and effective communication skills →
these qualities not only contribute to a healthy society but also directly benefit the individuals who
possess them
Conclusion:
=> In conclusion, while the development of good citizens and productive workers is a valuable
goal for schools, I disagree that this is the ultimate goal of schools.

Outline 2.
integritynoun [ U ] /ɪnˈteɡ.rə.ti/ US /ɪnˈteɡ.rə.t̬ i/ (HONESTY)
the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles that you refuse to change:chính trực

moralitynounUK /məˈræl.ə.ti: đạo đức

bettermentnoun [ U ] formalUK /ˈbet.ə.mənt/ US /ˈbet̬ .ɚ.mənt/= improvement:

TOTALLY AGREE có thể bố cục bài như sau:

Body 1: Nêu lí do thứ 1 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE
 Main idea: In order to build a nation where people will help each other instead of turning into money-
making machines, we should focus on our education system, especially what we teach our children.
Supporting idea:
- The main purpose of education is to build up an enlightened nation where morality, honesty and integrity
would be the key characteristics
- They would keep aside their personal ambitions, and work together for the betterment of the country.
- Example: if talented and experienced doctors treat patients only for the money, healthcare for all would
be a distant dream
Body 2: Nêu lí do thứ 2 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE
  Main idea: States spend a lot of tax money to keep the schools and their education system running,
schools’ chief objective should be to focus on nurturing morality and good human characteristics
among the students while also preparing them for their careers that would benefit society
Supporting idea: if schools plan to adopt an education system where teachers’ sole purpose would be to
teach children how to be personally benefitted from jobs or businesses, the whole education system would
collapse.
-Example: Finland's education system, renowned for its emphasis on nurturing morality and holistic
development alongside academic preparation, stands out for fostering collaboration, critical thinking, and
moral values. Teachers play a key role in cultivating a love for learning, ethical behavior, and societal
responsibility, contributing to Finland's reputation for an effective and well-rounded education system.
Outline 3.
paramountadjective formalUK /ˈpær.ə.maʊnt/ US /ˈper.ə.maʊnt/
C2

more important than anything else: tối cao

While I agree with this idea, I also think that it is of paramount importance to train children as
people who gain for themselves.
Body paragraph 1:

The main purpose of school is to turn children into good citizens and workers

Teaching disciplines

 Teachers guide children in differentiating between right and wrong => moral lessons are fully
obtained => children can be principled and aware of the significance of being good citizens

Training skills

 The primary function of education is enhancing the understanding of people => the schools’
responsibility to provide their students with essential knowledge as well as practical skills to be
intellectual and become innovative workers in the job market

Body paragraph 2:

Schools should benefit children as individuals

Emotionally develop

 Children promote their early social interaction with peers at school => foster friendships &
companionship => assisting the advancement of internal emotion as well as feeling

Unleash their potential

 Children have more chances to expose themselves to various fields => help them discover their
likes and dislikes => schools’ aim is achieved in terms of nourishing students’ strengths and
improving their weaknesses
 Test 16 Government investment in the arts, such as music and theatre, is a waste of money. Governments
must invest this money in public services instead. To what extent do you agree with this statement?
OUTLINE 1
Both art and public services bring about different benefits to society, and so government
investment in both is desirable.
Body paragraph 1:
Arts
Art is the voice of a society
 Fund art → encourage the expression of society → the development and pursuit of new ideas
Art is a window into the past and reconnects today’s generation with previous ones → create new creative
movements
 For example: European governments continue to fund museums and exhibits despite being unable
to operate on a commercial basis → showcase their own heritage and culture and inspire future
generations.
Body paragraph 2:
Public services
Ensure a more immediate benefit to the population
 Public services are enjoyed by most of a country’s population → much more equitable to invest.
 For example: healthcare - keep the population healthy and create high-quality jobs → The
economic effects are more immediate and tangible than investments in art.
Test 18.
If people could choose between a life without working or a life spending too much time working, people
would choose a life without work. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
TOTALLY DISAGREE có thể bố cục bài như sau:
Body 1: Nêu lí do thứ 1 vì sao TOTALLY DISAGREE
Main idea: Some people define their success in life as being able to move to higher management positions (: a
large section of society likes to remain engaged in work because through this activity they get a sense of
accomplishment)
Supporting idea:
 Many working professionals value their work, and thus being able to climb up the career ladder is
considered a major achievement for them.
 Being social creatures, human beings want to excel in their lives, and they want society to know about
their success.
 Once they get initial success, they start liking their work and find it difficult to leave it.
 Example: For example, during the lockdown due to Covid Pandemic, many people have gone into
depression by sitting idle at home.
Body 2: Nêu lí do thứ 2 vì sao TOTALLY DISAGREE
 Main idea: Work provides us with much-needed fun and entertainment (: The regular participation in
work breaks the monotony in life and make us feel happy)
 Supporting idea: the time we put at work passes quickly, and this make us feel happy by keeping our
worries at bay.
Nếu theo hướng TOTALLY AGREE
Main idea 1: People do not want to be tied to their careers because they value their personal time or family
time
Example: For example, most women would gladly give up their careers in order to spend quality time with
their children. ( They would rather sacrifice their big pay check rather than miss out the important milestones
of their children)
Main idea 2: it is not their passion because they would rather pursue their passions such as music, arts and so
on >
Test 19 . Some believe that the Olympic games help bring people from different nations together,
while others claim that holding the Olympics wastes money which could be used for important
issues.
showcaseverb [ T ] /ˈʃəʊ.keɪs/ US /ˈʃoʊ.keɪs/ to show the best qualities or parts of something:
Rivalry noun [ C or U ] /ˈraɪ.vəl.ri/ US /ˈraɪ.vəl.ri/C2
a situation in which people, businesses, etc. compete with each other for the same thing:
Staggering adjective UK /ˈstæɡ.ər.ɪŋ/ US /ˈstæɡ.ɚ.ɪŋ/C1 very shocking and surprising:
Alleviate verb [ T ] formalUK /əˈliː.vi.eɪt/ US /əˈliː.vi.eɪt/ to make something bad such
as pain or problems less severe:
Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
+These allocations of the federal budget
* a great way to bring people from different countries together

+these events can significantly boost a nation’s tourism industry, stimulate local economies, and
create numerous job opportunities.
+the event provides an opportunity for people around the world to come together in a spirit of
competition and friendship.
+as a platform for the host nation to showcase its culture and natural beauty to the world=> beneficial for
the host nation’s economy, as tourists may be drawn to visit the country due to the increased media
attention.

*opponents of the Olympic Games

+ the money used to organize the event could be better spent on resolving more pressing issues. =>
alleviate poverty and improve education in the country

+the Olympics often cause disruption to the local community, with construction projects, traffic
congestion and pollution, all leading to an increase in public dissatisfaction.

=>Conclusion: useful tool to bring people together and showcase the host nation’s culture and natural
beauty. However, it is also important to consider the economic, environmental and social costs of hosting
the games. Therefore, I believe that the host nation should focus on ensuring that the money used to
organize the event is used as efficiently as possible, with the local community’s welfare being taken into
account.
Test 20.
Some people think all young people should be required to have full-time education until they are at
least 18 years old. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

vagrantnoun [ C ] /ˈveɪ.ɡrənt/ US /ˈveɪ.ɡrənt/: người sống lang thang

Stunted: ức chế, còi cọc
– Young people:
Synonyms: youngsters; teenagers; adolescents; children
Antonyms: adults; the elderly; old people
– Full time education: studying in all educational levels (primary; secondary; high school; etc);
solely focusing on education and not doing any part time jobs

Mở bài:

 Lead-in: Humanity’s progress => more accessible to education => argument about whether it
should be mandatory
 Opinion: 100% agree
Đoạn thân bài 1: Negatively affects the young in: morals; intellect & mental maturity.
Examples:

– Lack of morals => Criminals or vagrants

– Lack of mental maturity => mentally stunted and act outside social norms
– Lack of intellect => do labor work

Đoạn thân bài 2: Affects drive & general purpose in life

– Lack of counselling => Lacking information about what to do in life => Loss in purpose.
– Example: numerous suicides have reasons being about having nothing to pursue / lost the will to go on.

Kết bài:
 Conclusion: Based on these reasons, proper education should be enforced.

TOTALLY AGREE
Body 1: Nêu lí do thứ 1 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE
Main idea: If students leave school early with only a basic education, they are unlikely to be able to find
any skilled work ( by studying at high schools, students could gain a wealth of knowledge and skills that
help meet higher-level qualifications in the future HOẶC: provide learners with sufficient education and
preparation for further education)
Supporting idea:
-Most young people under the age of eighteen have very little real-world experience and have very little
idea of what career they will pursue.
-Staying at school until the age of eighteen will allow them further opportunity to develop their education
and time to decide upon a suitable career path
-The education people receive between the ages of 16 and 18 is crucial for anyone who does not want a
lifetime of unskilled work in a factory. (: Candidates having higher qualifications have a competitive
advantage in such degree-based society)
-Example: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reports a strong
correlation between educational attainment and employment opportunities. Individuals with higher levels
of education tend to have lower unemployment rates and access to a wider range of job options
Body 2: Nêu lí do thứ 2 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE
Main idea: schools also provide social and moral education, which is of paramount importance to
teenagers. (: Schooling keeps young learners away from those dangers until they are fully aware of the
outside world)
Supporting idea:
-Because people under 18 do not have sufficient intellectual capacity to distinguish between right behavior
and wrong ones, they could easily commit crimes if they were not educated well enough.
-Educational environment is the safest one for adolescents who are not mature enough to distinguish
between the right and the wrong.
-Being exposed to the real world at early age, juveniles may be lured by social temptations and involve
themselves in unlawful activities such as drug dealing, stealing and so on, which may ruin their future.
-This is particularly important for those between 16 and 18 who have many temptations and benefit from
the organised framework that school provides.
- Young people who stay in school until the age of 18 tend to be more responsible and help build a stronger
society.

+ achieving universal full-time education among all under-18 youngsters, to some extent, exerts a positive
impact on both the students and the whole society. For one thing, full-time education provides chances for
the young generation to become adequate for future practical work, after being equipped with sufficient
knowledge and skills. For another, it is more literate young people in the society that help to control the
youth unemployment and in the long run, lower the crime rate=> . After all, the well-educated youngsters
are the driving force for social progress.
However, not all young people should be forced to attend full-time education until 18 years old. Some
students are not academically capable and they are eager to get rid of boring curricula as early as possible
to pursue their own dreams in other fields. In other words, full-time education may deprive them of the
basic rights to realize self-development, which may even lead to rebellion and strong aversion.
Furthermore, the financial burden is another obstacle which cannot be ignored. Paying tuition fees for at
least 18-year-period education is not affordable for all young individuals and their families. Therefore,
taking the economic conditions into consideration, the youth from disadvantaged families are more
willing to be engaged in the work earlier, rather than continue a longer period of high-level education,
despite the higher income it may bring in the future.
In conclusion, the original intention of mandatory full-time education before adulthood is definitely
beneficial to the young generation and the society, but the policy implementation must take the feasibility
into account, to guarantee the ultimate effect.
 Test 21.
Phân tích "In the past, people used to travel to see the difference from their home country. Now the
difference among the countries is less evident, what is the cause of this similarity? Do you think that
the advantages of this similarity outweigh the disadvantages?
Dạng 2 question có thể bố cục bài như sau:
Body 1: Trả lời câu hỏi 1
Main idea 1: The interconnectedness of economies, trade, and communication has led to the exchange
and blending of ideas, products, and cultural influences.
Supporting idea: This has contributed to a certain level of homogenization in terms of lifestyles, fashion, and
consumer preferences.
Example: Fast food chains, such as McDonald's and KFC, have spread to all corners of the globe. This has
led to the introduction of new foods and flavors to people in different cultures. It has also led to the
adaptation of these foods to local tastes.
-Global brands, such as Coca-Cola and Nike, are known and used by people all over the world. This has led
to the spread of Western culture to different cultures. For example, Coca-Cola is often seen as a symbol of
American culture.
Main idea 2: The growth of international tourism and the widespread availability of media platforms
have exposed people to different cultures and destinations.
Supporting idea: As a result, there is increased awareness and accessibility to various lifestyles, leading to a
perception of similarity among countries.
Body 2: Trả lời câu hỏi 2: disadvantages > advantages
Main idea 1: The convergence of cultures may lead to the loss of unique cultural identities and traditions,
potentially resulting in a more homogenized global culture.
Supporting idea:
-When cultures come into contact and interact, there is a tendency for certain aspects of one culture to be
adopted or assimilated by another.
-Over time, this can lead to the erosion or dilution of distinctive cultural practices, as they are gradually
replaced by more widely accepted or popular elements from other cultures.
-Example: For example, in many parts of Africa, traditional clothing is now rarely worn, as people have
adopted Western-style clothing.
-Main idea 2: With fewer evident differences, travelers may miss out on the opportunity to immerse
themselves in truly distinct cultural experiences.
-Supporting idea:
-When destinations become more similar, travelers may encounter a more standardized or commercialized
version of culture that caters to mass tourism.
-This can result in superficial interactions and experiences that do not fully capture the depth and uniqueness
of a particular culture.
Example: For example, a tourist visiting a city in China that has a large number of Western-style restaurants
and shops may not realize that there are still many traditional Chinese restaurants and shops in the city. The
tourist may also miss out on the opportunity to experience traditional Chinese culture, such as visiting
temples or participating in festivals.
 Test 22.
Nowadays, people spend more and more time away from their family. Why? What effect will it have on
themselves and their family?
This development can be attributed to several reasons and have negative effects on both the
individual and their family.
Body paragraph 1:Why
*Generation gap
 Disparity- chênh lệch, không giống in beliefs between different ages --> Lack of understanding --
> Feel less sympathetic towards one another --> Relationships worsen
*The boom of personal entertainment choices
 Advancement of technology provides more recreational options --> People are engrossed /ɪn
ˈɡrəʊst/ - thu hút, mải mê in such activities --> Neglect to spend time with families.
Body paragraph 2: Effects
*Bad for children
 Susceptible (easily influenced or harmed by something) to emotional problems --> Emotionally
detached or having low self-esteem
*Families can be broken apart
 Because the basic function of a family is to support each other --> Without time together -->
Weak ties

Test 23. Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route to a successful
career, while others believes that it is better to get a job straight after school. Discuss both views
and give your opinion.
Body 1: Viết về quan điểm others believes that it is better to get a job straight after school
Main idea 1: Work experience is equally important as formal education.
 Many successful entrepreneurs and business people did not attend university or college but instead gained
valuable skills and knowledge on the job.
 Example: Richard Branson, the founder of the Virgin Group, is an example of a successful entrepreneur
who did not attend university or college and instead started his first business, a magazine called Student,
at the age of 16, followed by a record store, a recording studio, and eventually the Virgin brand, which
now includes over 400 companies.
Main idea 2: Entering the workforce immediately after high school can provide individuals with the
opportunity to start earning money and gaining work experience earlier.
 Supporting idea: This provides individuals with the opportunity to gain practical, hands-on experience in
a professional environment, which can be valuable in developing job-specific skills and learning how to
work effectively in a team
 Example: Taking a job as a sales associate in a retail store, a high school graduate may gain practical
skills in customer interaction, cash handling, and inventory management, leading to promotions to
supervisory roles and acquiring leadership skills, which can be just as valuable, if not more so, than a
formal education in some fields.
Body 2: Viết về quan điểm Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route
to a successful career & nêu rõ mình ủng hộ quan điểm này
Main idea 1: Higher education provides individuals with knowledge and skills that are essential in the job
market.
 University or college graduates may have a deeper understanding of their field of study and may be more
qualified for specialized jobs.
 Example: An example of how university or college graduates may be more qualified for specialized jobs
is a graduate with a degree in engineering who has undergone a rigorous and comprehensive
curriculum, including hands-on training in laboratories and workshops, and has developed critical
thinking and problem-solving skills that are essential for a career in engineering.
Main idea 2: Many employers require a degree as a minimum qualification for certain positions, and
higher education can also provide access to valuable networking opportunities.
 Higher education can provide access to valuable networking opportunities, including internships,
mentorship programs, and career fairs.
 These opportunities can be important for building professional connections and gaining exposure to
different industries and career paths.
 Example: For example, in order to become a licensed physician, a medical degree from an accredited
university or college is required, as well as completion of a residency program. Similarly, to practice law,
a law degree from an accredited institution is required, as well as passing the bar exam

Topic 24. In some countries, it is illegal for companies to reject job applicants for their age. Is this a
positive or negative development?
Introduction: In some countries, legislation has been implemented to prohibit companies from rejecting
job applicants based on their age. => This essay argues that the implementation of such regulations is a
positive development.
 Body 1: Equal opportunities are promoted in the job market → any society should provide its
citizens with a fair chance to compete for job positions, regardless of their age
=> With laws prohibiting age-based rejection, the company would be required to evaluate applicants
fairly, taking into account their qualifications and experience, rather than their age → the most suitable
candidates are selected for job roles.
 Body 2: A diverse work environment is known to foster creativity, innovation, and productivity
→ create a workforce that includes employees from different age groups, backgrounds, and perspectives
→ a more dynamic, adaptable, and collaborative work environment.
=> Example: Younger employees may introduce the latest advancements and trends, while older workers
share their valuable expertise and time-tested strategies → fosters an adaptable and dynamic workplace,
better equipping the company to excel in the competitive global market.

Conclusion: In conclusion, making it illegal for companies to reject job applicants based on their age is a
positive development that promotes equal opportunities and encourages a diverse work environment.

Topic 25. Some people say that too much attention and too many resources are given to the
protection of wild animals and birds. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

Introduction:In recent years, the debate surrounding the allocation of resources and attention to the
protection of wild animals and birds has intensified.
=> I firmly believe that the preservation of wildlife is of paramount importance and deserves the
resources and attention it receives.
Body 1: The conservation of wild animals and birds is essential to maintaining the delicate balance of
ecosystems → the loss of these species can have far-reaching consequences, including the collapse of
entire ecosystems.
=> Example: the disappearance of a single predator → an overpopulation of prey species → damage plant
life and disrupt the ecological balance.
Body 2: Preserving wildlife has significant economic benefits: ecotourism sector - a rapidly growing
industry.
=> Many countries rely on this sector to generate revenue and create jobs, making it essential to protect
and conserve wildlife populations.
Body 3: Wild animals and birds serve as vital resources for scientific research and medical advancements
→ many species possess unique traits and abilities → help researchers develop new treatments and
therapies for various diseases.
=> Example: the venom of certain snakes has been used to develop life-saving medications, the study of
migratory birds has led to a better understanding of navigation and climate change.
Conclusion:=> In conclusion, I disagree with the notion that too much attention and resources are
dedicated to the protection of wild animals and birds. I wholeheartedly believe that investment should be
given to this cause for the benefit of all.
Outline 2.
 Introduce the readers to the debate on whether too much time and
resources have been spent on the protection of wild animals and birds
Introduction
 Thesis statement: State the writer’s opinion (in this case, disagreement)

 It does not directly provide economic benefits or improve people’s

Why too much time and
welfare
resources have been
 Spending more money to protect wildlife is unjustified because of
spent on the protection of
inadequate effectiveness
wild animals and birds
 Why the current
 Protecting wild animals from extinction includes preserving existing
spending of time and
individuals and also enabling them to procreate
resources on the
 Protecting wild animals from extinction can actually provide economic
protection of wild
benefits
animals and birds is not
too much
 My opinion: Summarize the writer’s opinion
 Recommendation: Wildlife should continue to be protected, and this goal
Conclusion & Opinion
should continue to be invested in

Topic 26. Some people say that what people do to protect the environment cannot make a
difference. Others say that individuals can help to protect the environment. Discuss both views and
give your own opinion.
*Outline 1:
Body paragraph 1:Individual actions hold little significance
 Reason: the environmental issues are on a global scale
 Effect: necessitate comprehensive policy changes + industrial reforms
 Example: the daily habit of sorting waste may become meaningless.
Body paragraph 2:Individuals can make valuable contributions
 Explain: what individual choices can have on the wider community.
 Explain: Individual consciousness-raising and the role of green movements.
 Example: consumer demands for eco-friendly products..
*Outline 2:
Body 1: Viết về quan điểm protecting the environment is the government’s responsibility
Main idea 1: The government has more tools to prevent environmental changes ( diễn đạt khác: The
government has higher authority and power, and hence it can play a greater role in protecting the
environment)
 Supporting idea:
-One option that the authorities have is to discourage citizens from using personal vehicles by charging
high taxes and additional fees.
-There should be some laws encouraging factories to move to the country sides rather than staying in cities.
This could help urban areas to be further protected from the poisonous fumes, which are always discharged
from firms
 Example: For instance, the government should not support any industry which produces a higher
amount of harmful gases >< authorities should encourage industries to produce green energy from
renewable sources such as solar and hydro energy.
Main idea 2: politicians usually have access to resources to educate people about environmental problems
Supporting idea:
-It is vital to promote the most important ecological projects on all levels, ranging from special courses at
schools to TV shows and websites related to this topic.
-The government can make environment a subject in the primary school curriculum to spread awareness
about protecting the environment.
-Example: Costa Rica stands out as an environmental leader, with former President José María Figueres
designating education as the "fourth pillar" of sustainability, incorporating environmental education into
the national curriculum, and implementing awareness campaigns through media channels, fostering a
population deeply committed to conservation and propelling the country to global leadership in renewable
energy and rainforest protection.
 gợi ý thêm:
Main idea: some environmental issues are too big for individuals to deal with.
Supporting idea: In order for serious problems, such as global warming, prolonged droughts, violent storms
or other extreme weather events, to be effectively addressed, it requires the efforts and cooperation of
politicians and large environmental organisations.
Example: For instance, it takes years for researchers to collect various samples and analyse huge amounts
of data in order to know the major causes of global warming, and to help them find the most effective
solutions to tackle this problem.
 Body 2: Viết về quan điểm every individual should be responsible for it & nêu rõ mình ủng hộ quan
điểm này
Main idea 1: each person can play an important role in protecting their own neighborhood
 Supporting idea:
-By using their own vehicles only in rare cases, people would be able to protect the environment.
-By stopping plastic waste from entering and contaminating waterways, people are able to conserve
drinkable water and its inhabitants
-a simple lifestyle change such as introducing the separation of household rubbish can make recycling
projects more convenient and efficient. ( cách diễn đạt khác: consumers can reduce their usage of plastic
items and, in turn, less plastic waste will contaminate the environment)
-Example: In Vancouver, Canada, "car-free days" encourage sustainable transportation options. In
Curitiba, Brazil, innovative recycling programs incentivize waste reduction and resource recovery.
Main idea 2: without the cooperation of both politicians and individuals, environmental issues will never
be effectively tackled (cách diễn đạt khác: it seems impossible to achieve any noticeable result in this field
without the participation of vast majority of individuals)
 Supporting idea:
-Politicians play a crucial role in creating and implementing environmental policies.
-Without their commitment and support, the necessary regulations and frameworks to address
environmental challenges may not be established or enforced.
-Example: For example, if farmers continue to burn forests for their own purposes, regardless of the
government’s regulations, the problem of climate change will never be successfully mitigated.
Topic 27. Some people feel that there is too much emphasis on getting an education, and that
government should spend money on leisure time activities for young people too. To what extent do
you agree or disagree"
Body 1: Nêu lí do thứ 1 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE
*Main idea: Such activities benefit students academically & mentally.
-Supporting idea: Extracurricular activities in the arts teach students analytical skills and creative problem
solving skills since they have to think creatively to successfully perform music, act in a play, or produce a
work of art
-Example: Activities such as athletics, music, theater, and organizations teach students how to discipline
themselves through drills, practices, or rehearsals.
Body 2: Nêu lí do thứ 2 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE
*Main idea: life is stressful, and free time activities act as stress busters.
*Supporting idea:
-They break the monotony of hectic day-to-day life.
-They build community spirit among people as during free time people meet each other and socialize
-Example: In Japan, there is a growing trend of people taking "forest bathing" breaks to relieve stress. Forest
bathing is the practice of spending time in nature, specifically forests, to improve physical and mental health.
Topic 28. Nowadays, there is a trend that reports of media focus on problems and emergencies
rather than positive development. Some people think it is harmful to individuals and to society. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
The news should maintain a balance of both positive and negative stories.
Body paragraph 1:Disadvantages of too many negative stories
Depressing or upsetting news might turn people away from watching them entirely
 This is something cable news and traditional print media have failed to solve → they prefer to
maintain a pessimistic, sensationalist style of reporting → increase revenue.
 For example: the number of American youths gets their news through comedic news shows, as an
effort to offset the gravity of the situations we are faced with every day.
Body paragraph 2:Advantages of negative stories
Focusing on ignoring negative issues will not make them go away, and informing the people of their
existence might lead to better solutions
 Countries and societies constantly need to change to adapt to pressing problems → by informing
its citizens and involving them in the decision making process can solutions be found.
 For example: the prospect of a climate catastrophe is gloomy, however, if there was no coverage
on it → there would not have been as many environmental movements as there are today.
 Topic 29. Why is a declining population in plants and animals happening. How to solve?

Why is a declining population in plants and animals happening. How to solve?

Although there are many reasons for this phenomenon, there are also feasible solutions.
Body paragraph 1:Causes-Deforestation
 Leads to a direct loss of natural habitat for wildlife and exposes flora and fauna to the risk of
extinction
Climate change
 World's temperature increases --> Results in wildfires
Body paragraph 2: Solutions
Implement stricter policies
 Levy heavier fines illegal loggers --> Discourage them
Encourage large companies to cut down on their carbon footprint
 Switch to eco-friendly energy sources and materials
 Ex: LEGO: is currently building a carbon neutral plant in Binh Duong Province in Vietnam in an
effort to minimize its carbon emissions
Topic 30. More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be
extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make
urban life better for everyone?
I think it brings many detrimental problems to a society, but there are ways to reduce its span and
prevent the problem from growing.
Body paragraph 1:Problems :
Competition for resources
 Rising house prices and rents, groceries, education costs → increase crime rates and gap between
rich and poor
Degrade in environment → diseases
 Depletion in natural sources and increased disposal → pollution and overpopulation → quicker
spread for diseases like COVID, HIV, tuberculosis…
 traffic congestion. Increasing unproductive travel time not only causes stress and tiredness but
also lowers work productivity. City commuters often have to spend between 30 minutes and an
hour sitting in traffic on their way to and from work
 poor air quality caused by the significant rise in the amount of toxic emissions released from
power plants and industrial sites in recent years. Serious air pollution puts inhabitants of cities at a
higher risk of lung cancer, asthma attacks and other respiratory illnesses.

Body paragraph 2:Solutions
Be prepared for the situation
 Build more apartment buildings, schools, prepare better healthcare, develop satellite cities to
decentralize urban population
Educate people on safe sex and birth control
 Stop the rapid growth of population → discourage unsafe sex practice → teach children birth
control methods → reduce teens pregnancies
Improve public transport to make it more attractive to people=> effectively addressed if more people
decided to use buses or commuter trains instead of their private vehicles.

Topic 31. Team/group activities can teach more important skills for life than those activities which
are played alone. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Body 1: Nêu lí do thứ 1 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE

Main idea: Playing sports in teams is also a great chance to meet new people and make new friends
=>: People can build up their network, which is highly beneficial to their career
=>By joining a local basketball league in a new city, stepping out of my comfort zone, and building
connections with teammates, I not only learn about their careers and interests but also secure a job
opportunity at a tech company through a teammate
Body 2: Nêu lí do thứ 2 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE
Main idea: Team sports give players the opportunity to develop interpersonal skills, like teamwork and
communication skills
=>Supporting idea: These skills will not only help people in their day-to-day social interactions but
also benefit them in their workplace.
=>Example: For example, in a football match, players in a team have to work together to put the ball into
the opponent’s net.