Building TOEIC® Test-taking Skills

Third Edition

A n n e Ta y l o r
CD
Casey Malarcher P3
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Building TOEIC Test-taking Skills

Third Edition

A n n e Ta y l o r
Casey Malarcher
 C O N T E N T S
Preface 6
Introduction 7

Chapter 1 Grammar Practice

UNIT 01 ····· Auxiliary Verbs ·········································································· 16
UNIT 02 ····· Tenses ··························································································· 18
UNIT 03 ····· Infinitives and Gerunds ························································· 20
UNIT 04 ····· Participles and Participle Clauses ··································· 22
UNIT 05 ····· Negation and Parallel Structure ········································ 24
UNIT 06 ····· Comparisons ············································································· 26
UNIT 07 ····· Agreement ·················································································· 28
UNIT 08 ····· Relative Clauses ······································································ 30
UNIT 09 ····· Modification and Word Order ············································· 32
UNIT 10 ····· Indefinite Pronouns ································································· 34
UNIT 11 ····· Voice ······························································································ 36
STARTER TOEIC
®
Third Edition
Building TOEIC Test-taking Skills UNIT 12 ····· Conjunctions and Prepositions ········································· 38
Anne Taylor · Casey Malarcher Exercise Hints ···································································································· 40

Published in Indonesia by PT. ASTA ILMU SUKSES

Chapter 2 Listening & Reading Practice
© Compass Publishing
UNIT 01 ····· (Grammar Focus: Auxiliary Verbs) ········································· 45
First Published 2013
UNIT 02 ····· (Grammar Focus: Tenses) ······················································· 61
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, UNIT 03 ····· (Grammar Focus: Infinitives and Gerunds) ·························· 77
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the publisher.
UNIT 04 ····· (Grammar Focus: Participles and Participle Clauses) ······· 93
UNIT 05 ····· (Grammar Focus: Negation and Parallel Structure) ··········· 109
Acquisitions Editor: Andrea Janzen
Development Editor: David Charlton UNIT 06 ····· (Grammar Focus: Comparisons) ············································ 125
Assistant Editor: Garrett Byrne UNIT 07 ····· (Grammar Focus: Agreement) ················································ 141
Recording Manager: Wendy Oh
Recording Assistant: Elisa Ha UNIT 08 ····· (Grammar Focus: Relative Clauses) ····································· 157
Cover Design: Lee Smathers UNIT 09 ····· (Grammar Focus: Modification and Word Order) ··············· 173
Interior Design: Design Plus
UNIT 10 ····· (Grammar Focus: Indefinite Pronouns) ································· 189
ISBN: 978-1-59966-572-6
UNIT 11 ····· (Grammar Focus: Voice) ·························································· 205

20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 UNIT 12 ····· (Grammar Focus: Conjunctions and Prepositions) ············· 221

10 09 08 07

PHOTO CREDITS
Chapter 3 Practice Test ········································································ 237
n pp. 8, 45, 46, 61, 62, 78 (top), 93, 94, 109, 110, 125 (middle, bottom), 126, 141 (top, bottom), 142, 157
(top), 173, 174, 189 (top), 205, 206, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243 © JupiterImages Corporation Chapter 4 Support
n pp. 77, 78 (bottom), 125 (top), 141 (middle), 157 (middle, bottom), 158, 189 (middle, bottom), 190, Transcripts & Answer Key ·········································································· 282
221, 222 © iStock International Inc.
Practice Test Answer Sheet ······································································· 307
Preface Introduction
Starter TOEIC, Third Edition is intended for beginning-level students of English who About TOEIC
need to start preparation for the TOEIC. The book is designed to assist students through
TOEIC stands for Test of English for International Communication. It is divided into two
focused practice while developing familiarity with the format of the TOEIC.
main sections: Listening and Reading. The Listening section tests the ability to understand
spoken English. The Reading section tests the knowledge of grammar and vocabulary
Chapter 1 Grammar Practice usage and the ability to read and understand short passages.
Units within the Grammar Practice chapter outline fundamental grammar points frequently
tested on the TOEIC. Each unit begins with a brief explanation of the grammar target, including There are a total of 200 questions on the TOEIC test, and the test lasts about 2 hours. All
key points and particular structures of interest in the TOEIC. The units also provide short of the items are multiple-choice questions with three or four possible answers. The following
exercises based on the format of TOEIC grammar questions which allow students to practice chart outlines the organization of the test as of May 2006:
their understanding of the grammar point. These exercises include incomplete sentence
exercises and word form exercises.
Organization of the TOEIC

Chapter 2 Listening & Reading Practice

Section I: Listening Test
Units within the Listening & Reading Practice chapter are designed as mini practice tests to
familiarize students with the kinds of tasks they will encounter on the TOEIC. Additionally, Part I: Picture Description 10 questions
all of the sections of each individual mini practice test are based on unified themes to support Part II: Questions and Responses 30 questions
student acquisition of common vocabulary and phrases within a controlled framework. Students Part III: Short Conversations 30 questions
will also find that the grammar points outlined in Chapter 1 are recycled in corresponding
Part IV: Short Talks 30 questions
units of Chapter 2 to reinforce recognition of correct usage of the grammar in natural contexts.
For example, in Unit 1 of Chapter 2, students will hear through the listening tasks and read Listening Total 100 questions
through the reading tasks a wide variety of auxiliary verbs (practiced in Unit 1 of Chapter 1) 45 minutes
used in correct, natural contexts all related to the theme of health.

Section II: Reading Test

Chapter 3 Practice Test
Part V: Incomplete Sentences 40 questions
The Practice Test chapter provides students with a full-length practice test, including 100
Part VI: Incomplete Texts 12 questions
listening test questions and 100 reading test questions.
Part VII: Reading Comprehension 48 questions

Chapter 4 Support Reading Total 100 questions

1 hour 15 minutes
The Support chapter includes reference materials related to the above chapters, including tape
scripts for all listening tasks in each unit of Chapter 1 and in the practice test of Chapter 3, Grand Total 200 questions 2 hours
answer keys for each mini practice test in Chapter 2 and for the full-length test in Chapter 3,
and a blank sample answer sheet for use when taking the full-length practice test.

The simplified grammar and thematically based texts of Starter TOEIC, Third Edition
provide beginning-level students with access to TOEIC practice materials appropriate for
building their test-taking skills without the frustration of encountering overly complicated
vocabulary and grammar structures. Starter TOEIC, Third Edition provides an excellent
foundation for students starting preparation for the TOEIC test.

7
 LISTENING TEST Part II Questions and Responses
In this section of the test, you will have the chance to show how well you understand spoken The directions for Part II of the TOEIC appear on the test as follows:
English. There are four parts to this section, with special directions for each part.

Directions: You will hear a question or statement and three responses spoken in
Part I Picture Description English. They will be spoken only one time and will not be printed in your test book.
Select the best response to the question or statement and mark the letter (A), (B), or (C)
The directions for Part I of the TOEIC appear on the test as follows: on your answer sheet.

Now listen to the four statements.

Directions: For each question in this part, you will hear four statements about a picture
in your textbook. When you hear the statements, you must select the one statement You will hear: You will also hear:
that best describes what you see in the picture. Then find the number of the question Good morning, John. (A) I’m fine, thank you.
on your answer sheet and mark your answer. The statements will not be printed in your How are you? (B) I’m in the living room. Sample Answer
test book and will be spoken only one time. (C) My name is John. A B C

The best response to the question “How are you?” is choice (A), “I’m fine, thank you.”
Look at the sample below.
Therefore, you should choose answer (A).

Now listen to the four statements.

TIPS
(A) The woman is using a musical instrument. n The first word of the question will help you to know what kind of answer is required.
(B) The woman is typing on a computer. What, where, who, why, how----ask for information.
(C) The woman is playing a video game. Do, does, did, are, is, will, can----usually need a “yes” or “no” answer.
(D) The woman is sitting behind the table. n Questions that contain “or” and require a choice never have yes/no answers.
“Did you stay home or go out last night?” “I went to a movie.”
n Sometimes you will hear a statement, not a question. However, it still requires an answer.
Sample Answer
“Thanks for dinner.” “You’re welcome.”
A B C D

TRICKS
Statement (B), “The woman is typing on a computer,” best describes what you see in the n Pay attention to words that sound the same (homonyms).
picture. Therefore, you should choose answer (B). e.g. two, too, to
n Look out for tag questions that are added to the end of statements.
That movie was great, wasn’t it?
TIPS n Watch out for indirect answers. Sometimes the answer to a yes/no question does not
n Preview the picture before the statements are read. Ask yourself, ”Who?” “What?” “Where?” include the words “yes” or “no.”
n Focus on the meaning of the statements as a whole. “Is there enough gas in the car?” “I just filled it yesterday.”
n Answer the question as quickly as possible. If you don’t know the answer, guess and begin
previewing the next picture.

TRICKS
n Incorrect answers may contain similar sounding words.
e.g. The woman is tying at the table.
n Incorrect answers may give wrong pronouns, numbers, and locations.
e.g. He is typing at the table. / There are two typewriters. / The woman is sitting under the table.
n Incorrect answers may include a correct word.
e.g. The typewriter is for sale. / The woman is sitting with some friends.

8 9
 Part III Short Conversations READING TEST
The directions for Part III of the TOEIC appear on the test as follows: In this section of the test, you have a chance to show how well you understand written English.
There are three parts to this section, with special directions for each part.

Directions: You will hear some conversations between two people. You will be asked
to answer three questions about what the speakers say in each conversation. Select the Part V Incomplete Sentences
best response to each question and mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer
sheet. The conversations will be spoken only one time and will not be printed in your The directions for Part V of the TOEIC appear on the test as follows:
test book.
Directions: A word or phrase is missing in each of the sentences below. Four answer choic-
es are given below each sentence. Select the best answer to complete the sentence. Then
TIPS
mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet.
n Look at the question before the dialog begins. If you have time, look at the answers as well.
n While you are listening to the dialog, try to imagine where the speakers are. Example:
n Read all the answers before making your choice. Because the equipment is very delicate, it must be handled with -------.
(A) caring
TRICKS (B) careful
Watch out for answers that are true, but are not related to the question. Don’t answer too (C) care
n
Sample Answer
quickly. Read all the options before you choose. (D) carefully
A B C D
n Watch out for distracting numbers. These may include dates, times, and numbers of things
The sentence should read, “Because the equipment is very delicate, it must be handled
or people. Preview the question to help you listen for the right information.
with care.” Therefore, you should choose answer (C).

TIPS
Part IV Short Talks
n Don’t worry about spelling. Incorrect spelling is never an option in TOEIC answers.
The directions for Part IV of the TOEIC appear on the test as follows: n Look at the words on either side of the blank. They can give you clues about what the correct
answer is.
Directions: You will hear some short talks given by a single speaker. You will be asked to n Read the whole sentence and understand the meaning before you answer.
answer three questions about what the speaker says in each short talk. Select the best
response to each question and mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet. TRICKS
The talks will be spoken only one time and will not be printed in your test book. n Watch out for answers with the wrong word form.
e.g. drove, drives, driving
n Watch out for words that use the same beginnings or endings.
TIPS e.g. return, retire, reuse
n Listen closely to the introduction preceding the talk. It will tell you the number of the questions n Watch out for commonly misused words.
related to the talk. It will also tell you what type of information you will hear (news report, e.g. affect/effect, lend/borrow
weather report, advertisement, recorded message, announcement, etc.).
n Try to preview the questions before the talk begins. This will help you listen for the information
required by the questions.
n Begin to answer the questions as soon as the talk is finished. Don’t wait for the speaker.

TRICKS
n Watch out for the same traps that are in Parts I-III.

10 11
 Part VI Incomplete Texts Part VII Reading Comprehension
The directions for Part VI of the TOEIC appear on the test as follows: The directions for Part VII of the TOEIC appear on the test as follows:

Directions: Read the texts on the following pages. A word or phrase is missing in some Directions: In this part you will read a selection of texts, such as magazine and news-
of the sentences. Four answer choices are given below each of these sentences. Select the paper articles, letters, and advertisements. Each text is followed by several questions.
best answer to complete the text. Then mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your Select the best answer for each question and mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on
answer sheet. your answer sheet.

Example: Read the following example.

As of June 15th, employees will be ------- to wear full company uniform whenever
The Grenville Museum Of Technology is a “hands-on” museum, designed for
1. (A) requiring
people to experience science at work. Although this kind of museum may be
(B) requirement
fairly common nowadays, Grenville was the first of its kind in the U.S. Visitors
(C) required
are encouraged to use, test, and handle the various objects on display. Special
(D) require
demonstrations are scheduled for the first and second Wednesday of each
they are on company premises. This ------- to all employees who work in areas of the month at 13:30. The museum is open Tuesday-Friday 12:00-16:30, Saturday
2. (A) considers 10:00-17:30 and Sunday 11:00-16:30. Admission is $2 for children and $3 for
Sample Answer
(B) applies adults.
1. A B C D
(C) works
2. A B C D
(D) implements At what times during the month can visitors see special demonstrations?
building accessible by members of the public. The full uniform consists of a white (A) Every weekend
shirt, green pants, and the company tie for men. (B) The first two Wednesdays Sample Answer
(C) One afternoon a week A B C D
The sentences should read “As of June 15th, employees will be required to wear full (D) Every other Wednesday
company uniform when they are on company premises. This applies to all employees
who work in areas of the building accessible by members of the public.” Therefore you The reading selection says that the demonstrations are scheduled for the first and second
should choose answers (C) and (B). Wednesdays of the month. Therefore, you should choose answer (B).

TIPS TIPS

n Remember that you are looking for the most appropriate word to fill in the blank. n As with Part IV, pay attention to the introduction. It will tell you the number of questions
and a hint about the type of information in the passage.
n Read the whole text, not just the words around the blank. Try to get the meaning of the text.
n As you read the passage, ask yourself, “Who is it for? Why was it written?”
TRICKS n First, glance quickly through the passage and read the questions. Then, go back to the passage
n Watch out for repetition and redundancy and try to look for the answers to the questions.
e.g. keep on continuing, finally at last
TRICKS
n Watch out for words that don’t belong
e.g. The apples they are fresh. n Many answers use information that appears in the passage. However, they may not directly
answer the question.
n Pay attention to word form and verb tenses
e.g. nice/nicely, had gone/has gone n As with all sections of the TOEIC, watch out for similar sounding words, confusing num-
bers, wrong word forms, and words with similar meanings.
n Don’t be confused by questions that follow these formats:
e.g. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the reading?
The text refers to all of the following EXCEPT...
n Simply read the answer choices and find the one that is unfamiliar or incorrect.

12 13
UNIT

01 Auxiliary Verbs

Chapter 1 What Follows Auxiliary Verbs?

01 Auxiliary Verbs
A. Auxiliary verbs followed by a verb ending in -ing or -ed:
¸ Auxiliary + present or past par- n The boy is flying a kite.
ticiple (-ing, -ed)
¸ Auxiliary + basic form of verb n The book was listed as a best seller.
¸ Meanings of modal auxiliary verbs n The boy has closed the window.
02 Tenses
B. Auxiliary verbs followed by the basic form of the verb:
03 Infinitives and Gerunds
Modal auxiliaries, do in question/negative sentences, or emphatic
04 Participles and Participle Clauses do + infinitive
05 Negation and Parallel Structure n Paul may arrive tomorrow. n Do you like fish?
06 Comparisons
n I do believe that he is right. n He does not like playing cards.

07 Agreement

08 Relative Clauses
Meaning of Key Auxiliary Verbs
09 Modification and Word Order
A. Will: be willing to; intend to
10 Indefinite Pronouns n I will open the door for you. n I will be there at 8:00.
11 Voice
B. Shall: intend to (formal); have decided to
12 Conjunctions and Prepositions n Where shall we sit? n We shall ask the committee.

C. May / Can: be possible to do

n Can fish live in the river? n It may rain tomorrow.

D. Can / Could / May: be allowed to do

n May I have one? n You can take both of them.

E. Must: be necessary; be logically certain

Note negative = cannot/can’t, must not

n This step must be next. n It must be her purse.

F. Must / Have to: be required to do

n Everyone must be on time. n They have to work late.

G. Should / Ought to / Had better: be obliged to do

n You should call her. n We ought to get there early.

H. Should have / Could have + p.p.: was not true; did not happen
n She should have read the book. n They could have won, but they didn’t.

I. Used to / Would: did in the past

n We used to talk every day. n In the spring, I would plant flowers.

16 / Chapter 1
Exercises
UNIT

02 Tenses

A. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Chapter 1 Present: Simple, Perfect, and Progressive
1. He ------- a better job. Hints  Page 40 01 Auxiliary Verbs
A. Use present simple for routines, habits, or things that are
(A) may (B) mays get (C) may gets (D) may get 02 Tenses always true.

UNIT 01 Auxiliary Verbs

¸ Differences between present n He takes the subway. (every day)
2. If he had had time, he ------- joined us. tenses

(A) can have (B) had (C) could have (D) certainly had ¸ Differences between past tenses B. Use present progressive (is/are -ing) for a temporary routine or
¸ Usage of WILL
situation.
¸ Usage of BE GOING TO
3. He asked her, “------- you like some more coffee?” n He is taking the subway. (now)
¸ Present simple in adverbial clauses
(A) Will (B) Shall (C) Would (D) Do
03 Infinitives and Gerunds C. Use present perfect (have/has -ed) for a situation where things
4. The baby ------- be hungry, because he just had milk. that happened in the past have a result in the present.
04 Participles and Participle Clauses
(A) cannot (B) must (C) isn’t (D) wasn’t • Present perfect often goes with just, yet, for, since, ever, never,
05 Negation and Parallel Structure
first time, second time, this week.
06 Comparisons n He has just cut himself. (We can see the direct immediate result
B. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
07 Agreement of this action --- the blood.)
Important: Please keep this medicine refrigerated. Do not ------- in 08 Relative Clauses

1. (A) remain (B) store (C) having (D) take 09 Modification and Word Order Past: Simple, Perfect, and Progressive
temperatures above 15 degrees Celsius. Keep out of the reach of 10 Indefinite Pronouns A. Use past simple for something that was finished in the past.
children and do not ------- to children under 6 years of age. In the She traveled in Europe. (at some time in the past)
11 Voice n

2. (A) giving (B) give (C) have given (D) gave

12 Conjunctions and Prepositions B. Use past progressive (was/were -ing) for a temporary routine
case of an overdose, take the patient to the emergency room or situation that happened in the past.
immediately. Consult your doctor if you are already taking other n She was traveling in Europe. (last summer; for one month)
medications.
C. Use past perfect (had -ed) for something that happened
before a certain point in time in the past.
C. Fill the blank with the appropriate word. n She had traveled in Europe before she decided to study there.
1. The government wants to accelerate the ------- of Internet commerce.
(A) grow (B) grows (C) growing (D) growth Future: Use of Will and Other Words with Future Meaning

2. Take the time to fully prepare yourself for interview -------. A. Use will for instant decisions.
(A) succeed (B) succeeding (C) success (D) succession n OK. I will accept your offer.

B. Use be going to for established plans.

3. -------, America depends on Africa for 40% of its oil imports.
(A) Interest (B) Interested (C) Interesting (D) Interestingly n They are going to buy drinks for the party.

C. Use present simple instead of future tense in adverbial clauses

4. Sustainable ------- is a key indicator of the long-term health of the led by if, the moment, when, etc.
economy. D 4 D 3 2 C 1 D C n We will start the moment he arrives.
(A) produce (B) to produce (C) product (D) productivity
A n s we r

2 B 1 B B
4 A C 3 2 C 1 D A

17 18 / Chapter 1
Exercises

A. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. We’ll start when he ------- ready. Hints  Page 40
(A) will (B) will is (C) will be (D) is

UNIT 02 Tenses
2. We ------- at a party two months ago.
(A) meet (B) met (C) have met (D) meeting

3. So far, there ------- no word from them.

(A) is (B) was (C) has (D) has been

4. When I called on her, Mary ------- her room.

(A) clean (B) cleans (C) cleaning (D) was cleaning

B. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

From: The Principal

To: All teachers
I have recently received several ------- from parents about teachers
1. (A) complaints (B) complains (C) complain (D) complaining
being late for class. As you know, school policy is for all teachers to
be in their classroom five minutes before the ------- of a lesson. This
2. (A) end (B) start (C) finish (D) introduction
sets a good example for our students. We cannot expect our students
to be punctual if we are late ourselves. All teachers must observe
school policy.

C. Fill the blank with the appropriate word.

1. All things -------, Professor Kim is the best instructor I’ve ever had.
(A) considered (B) to consider (C) considering (D) considerable

2. I’m quite sure this business will -------.

(A) paying (B) pay for (C) pay off (D) paid

3. I’m sort of ------- with his flattery.

(A) disgust (B) to disgust (C) disgusting (D) disgusted

4. These pills will surely ------- your pain. D 4 A 3 2 C 1 A C

A n s we r

(A) ease (B) easy (C) easily (D) easiness 2 B A 1 B

D 4 D 3 2 B 1 D A

19