INGM413 FLUID MACHINES
TUTORIAL 1
Student:
Mr. Gontse Sempa
Student number: 37218050
Lecturer:
Prof. L.J. Grobler
Submitted in pursuit of the degree.
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
North-West University
Potchefstroom Campus
Question 1
Prototype values (coolant pump from a plant):
• Height, 𝐻 = 160 𝑚
• Flow rate, 𝑄 = 4.8 𝑚3 /𝑠
• Speed, 𝑁 = 1420 𝑅𝑃𝑀
• Diameter, 𝐷 = 1 𝑚
• Water density, 𝜌 = 950 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
• Electrical power, 𝑃 = 3.6 𝑀𝑊
Testing conditions of the model:
• Available power, 𝑃 = 460 𝑘𝑊
• Cold water flow rate, 𝑄 = 1800 𝑚3 /ℎ
• Water density, 𝜌 = 1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
Assumptions: 𝜂𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑙 = 𝜂𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑦𝑝𝑒
Therefore, from similarity laws,
̇ = 𝑃𝑝̇ ,
𝑃𝑚
Φ𝑚 = Φ𝑝 ,
𝜓𝑚 = 𝜓𝑝 .
Then,
𝑔𝐻𝑚 𝑔𝐻𝑝
2 𝐷2
=
𝑁𝑚 𝑚 𝑁𝑝2 𝐷𝑝2
𝐻𝑚 𝐻𝑝
2 2
=
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 𝑁𝑝 𝐷𝑝2
2
𝐻𝑚 160 2
∴ 2
= 2
= (𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1)
(𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 ) (1420 × 1) 25205
𝑄𝑚 𝑄𝑝
3 =
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 𝑁𝑝 𝐷𝑝3
0.5 4.8
3 = 1420 × 13
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚
3
1775
∴ 𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 = (𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2)
12
𝑃𝑚 𝑃𝑝
3 5 =
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 𝑁𝑝3 𝐷𝑝5
0.460 × 106 3.6 × 106
3 5 =
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 14203 × 15
3 5
∴ 𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 = 365864577.8 (𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3)
From 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2,
1775
∴ 𝑁𝑚 = 3
12𝐷𝑚
Substitution on 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3,
3
1775 5
( 3 ) 𝐷𝑚 = 365864577.8
12𝐷𝑚
(1775)3
= 365864577.8
(12)3 𝐷𝑚
4
4 (1775)3
∴ 𝐷𝑚 = √
(12)3 (365864577.8)
∴ 𝐷𝑚 = 0.307 𝑚
Then, the diameter ratio,
𝐷𝑝
= 3.261
𝐷𝑚
𝐷𝑚
= 0.307
𝐷𝑝
Therefore,
1775
𝑁𝑚 = = 5128.246 𝑅𝑃𝑀
12 × 0.3073
Then, the speed ratio is,
𝑁𝑝
= 0.277
𝑁𝑚
𝑁𝑚
= 3.611
𝑁𝑝
Therefore,
2(5128.246 × 0.307)2
𝐻𝑚 =
25205
∴ 𝐻𝑚 = 196.267 𝑚
The height ratio is,
𝐻𝑝
= 0.815
𝐻𝑚
𝐻𝑚
= 1.227
𝐻𝑝
Proving dimensionless specific speed of the model and prototype:
• Prototype,
𝑁𝑄1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(𝑔𝐻)3/4
1420(4.8)1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(9.81 × 160)3/4
∴ 𝑁𝑠 = 12.476 𝑟𝑒𝑣
• Model,
5128.246(0.5)1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(9.81 × 196.267)3/4
∴ 𝑁𝑠 = 12.476 𝑟𝑒𝑣
Question 2
Available information:
• Pump speed, 𝑁 = 1420 𝑅𝑃𝑀
• Pump head, 35 𝑚
• Flow rate, 𝑄 = 600 𝑚3 /ℎ
Conversion:
600 𝑚3 1ℎ 𝑚3
𝑄=( )( )( ) = 0.167
1 ℎ 3600𝑠 𝑠
Determining the type of the pump,
𝑁𝑄1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(𝑔𝐻)3/4
(1420/60)(0.167)1/2
𝑁𝑠 = = 0.121 𝑟𝑒𝑣 (0.761 𝑟𝑎𝑑)
(9.81 × 35)3/4
The flow rate indicates that an axial pump is required. Therefore, the power required is,
𝑃 = 𝜌𝑔𝑄𝐻
𝑃 = (1000)(9.81)(0.167)(35)
∴ 𝑃 = 57225 𝑊 = 57.225 𝑘𝑊
The efficiency of the electrical motor is,
𝜂𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 0.88
Then for a flow rate of 𝑄 = 0.167 𝑚3 /𝑠 , from Figure 1.8, the efficiency of the pump is,
𝜂𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 ≈ 0.86
For the power required by the impeller,
𝑃
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
𝜂𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝
57225
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = 66540.698 𝑊 = 66.541 𝑘𝑊
0.86
For the power required by the impeller,
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
𝜂𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟
66540.698
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = 75614.429 𝑊 = 75.614 𝑘𝑊
0.88
