a a a
——
a ee a
a ;
Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension
fal world via
2. Glimpses into the pret
such as
TA the development of the cential nervous syst
(B) the sex of the baby-to-be,
(C) a fetus sucking its thumb,
(D) structures as small
3. Although the animals and plants that
different ancestral stocks.
jurasound imaging occasionally show bebavior
‘asthe pupil of an eye of a second-trimester fetus
live in the world’s various deserts come from
(A) they have solved their problems of survival differently.
(B) none of them have adapted to the jungles.
(C) they ate from different desert.
(D) they resemble one another to a surprising degree.
4, Childsen dress up in witches’ hats or
‘goblin suits to play pranks when celebrating,
the ancient pagan holiday of Halloween, In contrast,
(A) Thanksgiving is a traditional holiday.
(B) Thanksgiving i
{O) famifies dress more formally an
occasion of Thanksgiving.
(D) children enjoy Thanksgiving
5, Everything from chairs and fishing poles to rope
hhamnboo, Equally important,
always celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November,
Wd set elegant tables for the more serious
and paper can be made from
(A) this giant grass grows in warm elimates.
{) fresh spring bamboo shoots take Tonger to cook than winter ones
16, Earth satellites transmit telephone and t
‘weather patterns, and enable scient
helped people communicate i
(©) a variety of food can be made from this giant grass.
(D) preserved bamboo
thoots can be used in soups instead of fresh ones.
television signals, elay information about
jets o study the atmosphere. This information has
idcas and expand their knowledge. In conclusion,
(A) stelltes have enriched the lives of humankind,
{D) satellites are expensive to send
into space and sometimes are difficult to
(©) adish antenna can pick up 300 TV channels trom satelves
(D) satelite
belt,
7, In the 1940s, when many of today’
detective Dick Tracy fought crime
In addition to that,
(A) many oft
(B) he used lasers to process gold
are placed in an orbital region around Earth called the geostationary
“s astronauts hadn't even been bom, comic strip
in an atomic-powered space vehicle,
5 astronauts have used a kind of atomic-powered space vehicle
‘and a two-way wrist TV for communication.
(©) Dick Tracy was a very popular comic stip in the US.
(D) astronauts used lasers to pract
eee pold anid communicated on long-distance
flights using two-way wrist TVS.
8. Until recently,
that took up to seven days to compl
cconters. As a result,
(A) upto 10 percent of al cotles
(B) cilamydial infections were r
chlamydial infections could be detected only by a complicated test
Vote and which was offered only ata few medical
ce students are afflicted with it
arely diagnosed.
(C) eblamydial infections are treated promptly.
(b) doctors prescribe large doses o!
[antibiotics to treat the infections.
289290
‘abulary and Reading Comprehension
9. Medical researchers have recenily developed a nonsuy
disease tha, in some ease:
(A) is just as effective as coronary
disabling,
(B) can replace a clogged artery
‘another part of the body.
©) continues to be underused bec:
hospitals and surgeons,
i method of treating heary
FY bypass surgery but is much less expensive and
by the transplanting ofa vein or artery from
use Coronary bypass operations are lucrative for
o)
equires opening up the chest and operating under local anesthesia
10. Neurons, which cannot divide, are the basic cells ofthe bran, Glial cals, which
an inerease in number, provide support and nourishment to the neurouts. Tt was
byposhesized tat i Einstein’ brain was more ative in some areas, more gla els
would be found there, Indeed,
©) sslentiots found that the physicist's brain contained mote glial cells per neuron
in all four areas, compared with the brains of eleven normal males,
(B) scientists’ previous work hat! shown that animals put in environments that
Stimulate mental activity develop more glial cells per neuron,
(C) scientists examined sections of the upper front and lower rear of both
hemispheres because these areas are involved in “higher” thinking,
(P) scientists found that even though there was evidence he had greater intellectual
pressing, it cannot be determined if Einstein was bor with this or developed
it later,
‘Ar st to Excise Rare om fags #62,
Fxercise Ra Understanding complex structures
Break the following com,
iplex sentences into short, simple sentences in order to
‘understand al the ideas,
Frample _ The advantages of such abridge being built across the point where the two
‘vers join far outweigh the disadvantages of the cost and labor it will ental
|e bride may be bullt arose tno rivere. The bridge wll eroes where the 2
‘ers join. 1
rages fh ag ha tt ae gee han
the dedarages. The eatantsgs tees nth on
1 Although critics sebgrate Charles Dickens’ eatlier novels from
degree of structural cdmplexity,
is mature work by
the earlier works are also masterpicces of natrative
2. Recycled rubher from discarded automobile tites c.
itv @ process whick gives the asphalt elas
‘wed for surfaces, such as airport runway
bbe used to react with hot asphalt
Gand prevents it from cracking when itis
Uhat are subjected to great stresses.284 — Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension
Exercise RC
Selecting a topic sentence
In the following passages only the supporting ideas are given. The passages are followed
by thice possible topic sentences. Circle the letter of the sentence which would best
inwodues the passage.
Example In Greck and Roman times, the cavalry was comprised of members of noble
families. This distinction continued up o the Middle Ages. After the
invention of gunpowder this branch ofthe military’ service underwent great
changes. With the developinent of heavy artillery and sr forces, this service
has almost disappeared
(A) The cavalry has been displaced by armored regiments
(1) Cavalry regiments sil retain a mounted squadron forceremonia duties.
(Gye canary othe pr of an army consisting of tops that serve on
"horseback. 5
Both (A) and (B) discuss the cavalry situation of today: However, the passage discusses
the cavalry from Greek and Roman times unt today. Therefore, you should circle (C)
because it introduces the topi ofa cavalry by giving an explanation of what a edvaly is.
1, There appear to be tracks of young dinosaurs near tracks of older ones in the area.
‘These dinosaur tracks are in sequences of eight to ten paces. They enable scientists
to calculate the animals’ weight, stride, and speed.
(A) Impostant dinosaur tracks have been found in areas that were near ancient seas.
(B) Some recently discovered tracks are giving important information about
dinosars
(©) Dinosaurs may weigh as much as 10,000 pounds and be 23 feet tl.
2. ‘This spider, named Micromygate deblienma, has only two eyes where most spiders
hhave six or eight, Unlike most spiders, it does not ave lungs but instead absorbs
‘oxygen through its skin, Just three one-hundredths of an inch long, Micromygae is
one of the world’s smallest spiders.
(A) Scientists have discovered a spider which is remarkably different from any
bother known spider.