Student name: Class:

Sydney Boys High School

Multiple Choice Answer Sheet

Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval completely.

Sample: 2+4= (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9

A B C D

If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new
answer.

A B C D

If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then
indicate the correct answer by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows.
correct

A B C D

Start
1. A B C D 11. A B C D
Here è
2. A B C D 12. A B C D

3. A B C D 13. A B C D

4. A B C D 14. A B C D

5. A B C D 15. A B C D

6. A B C D 16. A B C D

7. A B C D 17. A B C D

8. A B C D 18. A B C D

9. A B C D 19. A B C D

10. A B C D 20. A B C D
 Student name: Class:

Sydney Boys High School

Year 11 Physics
June 2021

Half-Yearly Cohort Assessment

Kinematics and Dynamics

General Instructions Total marks – 50

• Reading time: 5 minutes Part A – Multiple Choice

• Working time: 75 minutes • 20 marks
• Write using black or blue pen
• Draw diagrams using pencil Part B – Free Response
• SHOW ALL WORKING • 30 marks
• Board approved calculators may be
used
• A data sheet, formula sheets and
Periodic Table are provided at the back
of this paper
• Write your name in ALL spaces
provided
 PART A – Multiple Choice (20
marks)
Choose the most correct answer.

Questions 1−3. Use the graph below.

A 150 kg motorbike (and rider) initially at rest had a force applied to it as it moved in a northward
direction. The applied force changed as shown in the graph below. (assume zero friction)
Force (N)

Time (s)
1. For how many seconds was the motorbike travelling with constant velocity?

(A) 0
(B) 60
(C) 120
(D) 180

2. What change in momentum occurred during the second minute of its travel?

(A) 14400 Ns
(B) 12200 kg.m/s
(C) 14400 N/s
(D) None of the above

3. What is the motorbike’s acceleration at t = 140 seconds?

(A) 3.0 m/s2 north

(B) 1.2 m/s2 north
(C) 3.0 m/s2 south
(D) 1.2 m/s2 south

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4. A brick is accelerating down a wooden plank. The plank angle Ɵ is then lowered until the brick
slides at constant velocity down the plank.

Which diagram best represents the forces of Friction, Gravity and the Normal force acting on the
brick while it slides with constant velocity?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

5. An astronaut weighs 135 N on the Moon (g = 1.62moon ms-2). What would his weight be on Earth
in SI units (gearth= 9.8 ms-2)

(A) 77
(B) 135
(C) 817
(D) 83

6. In an inelastic collision between a 2 kg ball and a 1kg ball:

Total Momentum is Kinetic energy is The change in momentum of

each ball
(A) conserved not conserved equal but opposite
(B) . not conserved not conserved equal
(C) conserved not conserved proportional to mass
(D) not conserved conserved add to give zero

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7. During a trip to Jupiter, a space probe’s booster rocket is fired, quadrupling the speed and halving
the mass of the probe. If the space probe originally had a kinetic energy of K and a momentum
of p, which of the following choices show the correct values after the booster rocket has been
fired?

Kinetic energy Momentum

(A) 4.0K 0.5p
(B) . 8.0K 2.0p
(C) . 4.0K 2.0p
(D) 8.0K 0.5p

8. A plane flies 260 km north in 20 minutes, then turns 90 degrees to the left and flies another 260
km in 10 minutes. The average speed and average velocity are:

Average speed (km h−1) Average velocity (km h−1)

(A) 260 520 NE
(B) 735 1100 NE
(C) 37 13 NW
(D) 1120 735 NW

9. The women’s world record for the 100 m race is 10.5 s, held by Florence Griffith-Joyner.
Assume that she has a constant acceleration for the first 3 seconds and then travels at constant
velocity, what is her maximum speed during the 100 m race?

(A) 13.3 m s−1

(B) 11.9 m s−1
(C) 12.9 m s−1
(D) 11.1 m s−1

10. A student is sitting on a chair. The Earth’s gravity exerts a downward force on the student.
According to Newton’s 3rd Law forces come in pairs. What is the other force in this example?

(A) The upwards force of the floor on the chair

(B) The downwards force of the student on the chair
(C) The upwards force on the Earth due to the student
(D) The gravitational force of the chair acting on the Earth

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11. A 1.6 kg trolley is tied to a 450 g mass that hangs over a pulley, as shown below. If a frictional
force of 0.99 N acts on the trolley what is the acceleration of the trolley across the bench?

Choose the best answer.

(A) 1.7 m s−2

(B) 1.4 m s−2
(C) 1.2 m s−2
(D) 0 m s−2

12. A 800 kg hot air balloon (including pilot) is rising (going up) at a constant rate of 2 m/s.

Choose the most correct statement:

(A) the hot air in the balloon is providing a net upward force.
(B) the hot air balloon’s lift is greater than its weight
(C) There is no net force on the balloon
(D) the net force on the hot air balloon will be approximately 800 x 9.8 N

13. A 25 kg box sits on a 30 degree ramp. What would be the minimum coefficient of friction
between the box and the ramp to stop the box sliding. (g = 9.8 m/s2)

Ramp angle = 30 ° ,
Choose the closest answer.
(A) 0.102
(B) 0.31
(C) 0.45
(D) 0.58

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 .
14. The first 8 rows at 5.5 m/s due north while the second 8 rows at 4.8 m/s due west, what is the
velocity of the first 8 relative to the second 8?

(A) 6.9 m/s N 45°W

(B) 7.3 m/s N 41°E
(C) 7.9 m/s N 38°E
(D) 8.3 m/s S 40°W

15. In question 11 a 450g weight is connected to a 1.6 kg trolley. When the equipment is accelerating
the net force on the weight is closest to:

(A) 2.24 N
(B) 15.7 N
(C) 4.4 N
(D) 0.75 N

16. Two balls are thrown from the roof of a house with the same initial speed. Ball A is thrown up.
Ball B is thrown down. Compare the speeds of the balls just before they hit the ground.

(A) Ball A and B will hit the ground with the same speed but at different times
(B) Ball A and B will hit the ground with the same speed at the same time
(C) Ball A will hit the ground with greater speed than Ball B
(D) Ball B will hit the ground with greater speed than Ball A

(continued over page)

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17. Two blocks of masses m and 2m, connected by a light, inextensible string are sit on a frictionless
horizontal surface. Opposing forces F and 4F are applied to each side of the connected blocks, as
shown below.

If m=4 kg and F=2 N what is the tension T?

(A) 8 N
(B) 6 N
(C) 4 N
(D) 2 N

18. The initial conditions of two balls are shown below before they collide.

If the 75 g ball moves to the right at 1.5 m s−1 after the collision, what is the final velocity of the
270 g ball? (choose the closest answer from below)

(A) 1.1 m s−1 to the right

(B) 2.1 m s−1 to the left
(C) 0.72 m s−1 to the right
(D) 3.3 m s−1 to the left

19. An 85 kg man applies a force to a 12.5 kg block along a smooth, frictionless surface so that it
increases its speed from 5.5 m s−1 to 18.4 m s−1 in 4 seconds. How much power is the man generating?

(A) 429 W
(B) 482 W
(C) 408 W
(D) 462 W

20. A ball is thrown straight up. At the highest point of its path-
(A) The net force acting on the ball is zero
(B) The ball’s instantaneous acceleration is zero
(C) The ball’s acceleration remains unchanged
(D) The instantaneous force acting on the ball is greater than mg.

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PART B – Free Response (30 marks)
Marks are allocated to working in this section.

Question 21 (5 marks)

A 2.0 kg block travelling at 12 m/s collides with an identical stationary block sitting on a
rough surface. The first block comes to rest in the collision.

before 12m/s v=0

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Two seconds after the impact the second block’s speed is 6 m/s

2 s after v=0 v = 6m/s

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

a) Calculate the velocity of the second block immediately after impact 1

b) Show that this collision is elastic. Justify your answer 2

c) Calculate the average frictional force acting on the second block after the collision 2

Question 22 (4 marks)

A block of mass 35 kg hangs on two strings suspended from the ceiling of a lift travelling
upwards at 2.5 m/s, as shown below. ( g = 9.8m/s2)

35 kg
kkg

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(a) What is the net force acting on the 35 kg mass? 1

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Calculate the magnitudes of T1, T2 and T3 3

Question 23 (10 marks)

The elastic potential energy stored by a spring when it is compressed is given by:

1
U elastic = kx 2
2

where k is the spring constant and x is the

distance the spring is compressed.

A 2.00 kg ball is placed on top of a vertically compressed spring. The spring was then
released and the ball launched upwards from ground level. Launch velocities of the ball
were measured for different amounts of spring compression (x). The results are shown
below.

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5

Spring compression (m) 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50
Launch velocity (ms-1) 0.10 0.25 0.37 0.49 0.61
Kinetic Energy (J)

x2 (m2)

(b) Complete the kinetic energy row of the table. 1

(continued over page)

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(c) Graph KE v x2 in the space provided below. 4

(c) Assuming that the spring converts Uelastic completely into kinetic energy use your line 3
of best fit to determine the value of the spring constant k.(Show full working)

(d) Using the value of k determined in (c) calculate the theoretical maximum height reached 2
by the ball for a spring compression of 0.45m.

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Question 24 (5 marks)

Two cars are approaching an intersection, as shown below. The white car has a mass of
1750 kg and is driving north at 65 km h−1. The grey car has a mass of 1450 kg and is
driving east at 55 km h−1.

DIAGRAM DRAWN TO SCALE

The cars collide at position X. The white car comes to rest as a result of the collision.

(a) Calculate the velocity of the grey car after the collision. 2

(b) If the coefficient of friction between the tires of the cars and the road is 0.85, calculate 2
the acceleration of the grey car as it skids to a stop after the collision.

(c) Draw an X on the diagram of the intersection above to show where the grey car would 1
come to rest. (use the scale given on the diagram)

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 Question 25 (4 marks)

The velocity of a 1750 kg car initially travelling East was measured over a period of time.
The graph below shows how the velocity of the car changed over a 500 second period.
Velocity East (m/s)

Time (s)

(a) What was the car’s acceleration at t = 400 seconds. 2

(b) Calculate the displacement of the car 2 minutes after the start. 2

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Question 26 (2 marks) 2

Crumple zones and airbags increase the stopping time during a car crash. With reference to a
relevant law of physics explain why increasing stopping time makes cars safer.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

− End of Paper −

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 1 MARK

1 MARK
(shows correct calcs)

1 MARK 1 MARK
(a) What is the net force acting on the 35 kg mass? 1
𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 35 × 0 = 0 N  correct answer

(b) Calculate the magnitudes of T1, T2 and T3 3

Question 23 (10 marks)

The elastic potential energy stored by a spring when it is compressed is given by:

1 2
U elastic = kx
2

where k is the spring constant and x is the

distance the spring is compressed.

A 2.00 kg ball is placed on top of a vertically compressed spring. The spring was then
released and the ball launched upwards from ground level. Launch velocities of the ball
were measured for different amounts of spring compression (x). The results are shown
below.

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5

Spring compression (m) 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50
Launch velocity (ms-1) 0.10 0.25 0.37 0.49 0.61
Kinetic Energy (J) 0.010 0.063 0.14 0.24 0.37
x2 (m2) 0.010 0.040 0.090 0.16 0.25

(b) Complete the kinetic energy row of the table. 1

 correct values (without units)
note: values should be to 2 significant figures (due to x and v values in table)

(continued over page)

−9−
(c) Graph KE v x2 in the space provided below. 4

 descriptive heading & correctly labelled axes (with units)

 appropriate scales (>½ x- and y-axes)
 correctly plotted data with appropriate symbols
 appropriate LOBF

note: a heading that is y-variable vs. x-variable is redundant (the axes labels already show this)

(c) Assuming that the spring converts Uelastic completely into kinetic energy use your line 3
of best fit to determine the value of the spring constant k.(Show full working)
𝑦𝑦 −𝑦𝑦 0.36−0.09
𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 𝑥𝑥2−𝑥𝑥1 = 0.235−0.060 = 1.543 J m−2
2 1

1
Since, 𝑈𝑈𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 𝐾𝐾, 𝐾𝐾 = 2 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 2
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝐾𝐾 𝑘𝑘
𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
= 𝑥𝑥 2 = 2

Therefore, 𝑘𝑘 = 2 × 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 2 × 1.543 = 3.086 = 3.1 J m−2 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 N m−1

 gradient calculation (with working)
 correctly relates gradient to k
 answer with correct units
(d) Using the value of k determined in (c) calculate the theoretical maximum height reached 2
by the ball for a spring compression of 0.45m.

From the law of conservation of energy, 𝑈𝑈𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 at compression will be equal to 𝑈𝑈𝑔𝑔
1
at the top of the flight (since 𝐾𝐾 = 0), so that 2 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 2 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚∆ℎ.

𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 2 3.086×0.452
∆ℎ = 2𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = = 0.01594 = 0.016 m = 16 mm
2×2.00×9.8
 applies 𝑈𝑈𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 𝐾𝐾 = 𝑈𝑈𝑔𝑔
note: carry-over from (c)  correctly calculates ∆h (with
(h must be correct for your value of k)

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