Database Questions and Answers – The Entity-Relationship Model

1. An ________ is a set of entities of the same type that share the same properties, or attributes.
a) Entity set
b) Attribute set
c) Relation set
d) Entity model
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: An entity is a “thing” or “object” in the real world that is distinguishable from all other objects.
2. Entity is a _________
a) Object of relation
b) Present working model
c) Thing in real world
d) Model of relation
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: For example, each person in a university is an entity.
3. The descriptive property possessed by each entity set is _________
a) Entity
b) Attribute
c) Relation
d) Model
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Possible attributes of the instructor entity set are ID, name, dept name, and salary.
4. The function that an entity plays in a relationship is called that entity’s _____________
a) Participation
b) Position
c) Role
d) Instance
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A relationship is an association among several entities.
5. The attribute name could be structured as an attribute consisting of first name, middle initial, and last name. This
type of attribute is called
a) Simple attribute
b) Composite attribute
c) Multivalued attribute
d) Derived attribute
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Composite attributes can be divided into subparts (that is, other attributes).
6. The attribute AGE is calculated from DATE_OF_BIRTH. The attribute AGE is
a) Single valued
b) Multi valued
c) Composite
d) Derived
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The value for this type of attribute can be derived from the values of other related attributes or entities.
7. Not applicable condition can be represented in relation entry as
a) NA
b) 0
c) NULL
d) Blank Space
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: NULL always represents that the value is not present.
8. Which of the following can be a multivalued attribute?
a) Phone_number
b) Name
c) Date_of_birth
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Name and Date_of_birth cannot hold more than 1 value.
9. Which of the following is a single valued attribute
a) Register_number
b) Address
c) SUBJECT_TAKEN
d) Reference
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: None.
10. In a relation between the entities the type and condition of the relation should be specified. That is called
as______attribute.
a) Desciptive
b) Derived
c) Recursive
d) Relative
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Consider the entity sets student and section, which participate in a relationship set takes. We may wish to
store a descriptive attribute grade with the relationship to record the grade that a student got in the class.
Which of the following indicates the maximum number of entities that can be involved in a relationship?

A. Minimum cardinality B. Maximum cardinality

C. ERD D. Greater Entity Count (GEC)

Which type of entity cannot exist in the database unless another type of entity also exists in the database, but does
not require that the identifier of that other entity be included as part of its own identifier?

A. Weak entity
B. Strong entity C. ID-dependent entity D. ID- independent entity
 3.

In a one-to-many relationship, the entity that is on the one side of the relationship is called a(n) ________ entity.

A. parent B. child C. instance D. subtype

4.

Which type of entity represents an actual occurrence of an associated generalized entity?

A. Supertype entity B. Subtype entity

C. Archetype entity D. Instance entity \

A recursive relationship is a relationship between an entity and ________ .

A. itself B. a subtype entity C. an archetype entity D. an instance entity

Which of the following indicates the minimum number of entities that must be involved in a relationship?

A. Minimum cardinality B. Maximum cardinality

C. ERD D. Greater Entity Count (GEC)

7.Which of the following refers to something that can be identified in the user's work environment, something
that the users want to track?

A. Entity B. Attribute C. Identifier D. Relationship

8.In which of the following is a single-entity instance of one type related to many entity instances of another
type?

A. One-to-One Relationship B. One-to-Many Relationship

C. Many-to-Many Relationship D. Composite Relationship

9.Which of the following refers to an entity in which the identifier of one entity includes the identifier of another
entity?

A. Weak entity B. Strong entity C. ID-dependent entity D. ID-independent entity

Which type of entity is related to two or more associated entities that each contain specialized attributes that
apply to some but not all of the instances of the entity?

A. Supertype entity B. Subtype entity

C. Archetype entity D. Instance entity

An attribute that names or identifies entity instances is a(n):

A. entity. B. attribute. C. identifier. D. relationship.

 12.

Properties that describe the characteristics of entities are called:

A. entities. B. attributes. C. identifiers. D. relationships.

In which of the following can many entity instances of one type be related to many entity instances of another
type?

A. One-to-One Relationship B. One-to-Many Relationship

C. Many-to-Many Relationship D. Composite Relationship

Entities of a given type are grouped into a(n):

A. database. B. entity class. C. attribute. D. ERD.

Which of the following is NOT a basic element of all versions of the E-R model?

A. Entities B. Attributes C. Relationships D. Primary keys

In which of the following is a single-entity instance of one type of related to a single-entity instance of another
type?

A. One-to-One Relationship B. One-to-Many Relationship

C. Many-to-Many Relationship D. Composite Relationship17.

Entities can be associated with one another in which of the following?

A. Entities B. Attributes C. Identifiers D. Relationships18.

Which type of entity has its relationship to another entity determined by an attribute in that other entity called a
discriminator?

A. Supertype entity B. Subtype entity C. Archetype entity D. Instance entity19.

Which type of entity represents a logical generalization whose actual occurrence is represented by a second,
associated entity?

A. Supertype entity B. Subtype entity

C. Archetype entity D. Instance entity20.

In a one-to-many relationship, the entity that is on the many side of the relationship is called a(n) ________
entity.

A. parent B. child C. instance D. subtype

 21.

An ID-dependent entity is an entity whose identifier is a composite identifier where no portion of the composite
identifier is an identifier of another entity.

A. True B. False2.

A ternary relationship is so called because in contains two entities and one association between them.

A. True B. False23.

All instances of an entity class have the same attributes.

A. True B. False24.

A minimum cardinality is the minimum number of entity instances that may participate in a relationship
instance.

A. True B. False

Solution: In the context of data modeling with the Entity-Relationship (ER) model, minimum cardinality refers to the
minimum number of entity instances that must participate in a relationship instance. It defines the minimum
requirement for participation in a relationship.

For example, in a "Customer" and "Order" relationship where a customer may place zero or more orders, the minimum
cardinality on the "Order" side would be zero, indicating that a customer can exist without placing any orders.

Conversely, if there was a requirement that every customer must place at least one order, the minimum cardinality on
the "Order" side would be one, indicating that every customer must have at least one associated order.

Therefore, the statement that Option A: True is correct because the minimum cardinality indeed represents the
minimum number of entity instances that may participate in a relationship instance.

An attribute describes the entity's characteristics.

A. True B. False26.

The degree of a relationship refers to the number of entity classes in the relationship.

A. True B. False27.

Entities use identifiers while tables use keys.

A. True B. False28.

Composite identifiers consist of two or more attributes.

A. True B. False
 29.

When designing a database, first identify the entities, then determine the attributes, and finally establish the
relationships.

A. True B. False30.

A subtype entity is a special case of another entity called a supertype entity.

A. True B. False31.

An entity is something that can be identified in the user's work environment; something that the users want to
track.

A. True B. False32.

Entity instances are associated by relationship classes.

A. True B. False33.

1:1, 1:N and N:M relationships are also known as HAS-A relationships.

A. True B. False34.

In a 1:N relationship, the parent is the entity on the one side of the relationship and the child is the entity on the
N side of the relationship.

A. True B. False35.

A maximum cardinality is the maximum number of entity instances that can participate in a relationship
instance.

A. True B. False36.

An entity class is a collection of entities and is described by the structure of the entities in that class.

A. True B. False37.

Relationship classes are associations between entity classes.

A. True B. False38.

An identifier typically uses more than one attribute.

A. True B. False39.

An identifier determines the type of relationship that an entity has.

A. True B. False
 40.

A recursive relationship is a relationship between an archetype and an instance of that archetype.

A. True B. False

1. An Entity is a________________
A. Relationship model
B. Relational Model

C. Object having same Value

D. Object in the real world distinguishable from all other objects

D. Object in the real world distinguishable from all other objects

For example each person in an enterprise is an entity, an entity has a set of properties, and value for some set of properties may
uniquely identify an entity.

2. __________is a set of entities of same type that share the same properties or attributes.
A. Attributes set
B. Relationship Set

C. Entity Set

D. Property set

C. Entity Set

For example the set of all persons who are customers at Shopping mall can be defined as the entity set customer.

3. An entity is represented by set of ___________

A. Attributes
B. Relationship

C. Model

D. None of the above

A. Attributes

Attributes are descriptive properties possessed by each members of an entity set. the designation of an attributes for an entity set
expresses that the database stores similar information concerning each entity in the entity set. Each entity has a value for each of
its attributes

4. For each attributes, there is set of permitted values called______

A. Key set
B. Value Set

C. Domain

D. B and C

D. B and C
For example the domain of the attribute customer name might be the set of all strings of certain length .

5. In a Entity sets Customer and Loan, an Attribute name consisting of first-name ,middle-
name, and last-name. An Attribute name is _______
A. Simple Attribute
B. Composite Attribute

C. Single-Valued Attributes

D. Multi-valued Attributes

B. Composite Attribute

Simple attributes cannot be divided into sub parts on the other hand composite attributes can be divided into subparts.

6. For example Loan-number attribute for a specific loan entity set is referred to as
A. Simple Attribute
B. Composite Attribute

C. Single Valued Attributes

D. Multi-valued Attributes

C. Single Valued Attributes

Loan number has a single value for a particular loan entity .

7. Consider an employee entity set with the attribute phone-number, attribute phone-number
is a ________
A. Simple Attribute
B. Composite Attribute

C. Single Valued Attributes

D. Multi-valued Attributes

D. Multi-valued Attributes

An Employee may have zero, one or several phone numbers and different employees may have different numbers of phones.

8. For example, the customer entity set has an attribute loan-taken, which represents how
many loans a customer has from the bank, the attribute loan-taken is______
A. Derived Attribute
B. Composite Attribute

C. Single Valued Attributes

D. Multi-valued Attributes

A. Derived Attribute
The value for this type of attributes can be derived from the values of other related attributes or entities; we can derive the value
for this attribute by counting the numbers of loan entities associated with that customer.

9. An Attribute takes a ________value when an entity does not have a value for it.
A. Zero
B. 0

C. Null

D. Not Applicable

C. Null

The Null value may indicate not applicable that is that the value does not exist for the entity, for example one may have no last
name ,Null can also designates that an attribute value is not known or may be missing.

10. A______is a set of relationships of the same type among several entities
A. Key set
B. Value Set

C. Domain

D. Relationship

D. Relationship

Consider the two entities sets customer and loan, we define the relationship set borrower to denote the association between
customers and the bank loans that the customers have.

11. The Relationship sets that involve two entity sets in known as___
A. Unary Relationship set
B. Binary Relationship set

C. Ternary Relationship set

D. None of the above

B. Binary Relationship set

12. The number of Entity sets that participate in a relationship set is know as ____________
of Relationship
A. Cardinality Ratio
B. Mapping Cardinality

C. Degree

D. Participate

C. Degree

The number of entity sets that participate in a relationship set is known as the degree of relationship set. A binary relationship set
is of degree 2; a ternary relationship set is of degree 3.
1. An ER diagram can express the overall __________of a database graphically
A. View Structure
B. Logical Structure

C. Model Structure

D. Architectural structure

B. Logical Structure

2. Which of the following structure represent the entity sets?

A. Double rectangle
B. Diamond

C. Rectangle

D. Ellipses

3. Ellipses represent_________
A. Relationship sets
B. Attributes

C. Derived attributes

D. Multivalued attributes

B. Attributes

4. Diamond Represents______
A. Relationship sets
B. Attributes

C. Derived attributes

D. Multi-valued attributes

A. Relationship sets

5. Which of the following diagram link attributes to entity sets and entity sets to relationship
sets?
A. Double lines
B. Dashed Ellipses

C. Double ellipses

D. Lines

D. Lines

6. Double ellipses represents_____

A. Derived attributes
B. Multi-valued Attributes
 C. Total participation of an entity in a relationship set

D. Weak entity sets

B. Multi-valued Attributes

7. Dashed ellipses represents_____

A. Derived attributes
B. Multi-valued Attributes

C. Total participation of an entity in a relationship set

D. Weak entity sets

A. Derived attributes

8. Double Line indicate_____

A. Derived attributes
B. Multi-valued Attributes

C. Total participation of an entity in a relationship set

D. Weak entity sets

C. Total participation of an entity in a relationship set

Double lines are used in ER diagram to indicate that the participation of an entity set in a relationship set is total: that is each
entity in the entity set occurs in at least one relationship in that relationship set. For example consider the relationship borrower
between customers and loans. A double line from loan to borrower indicates that each loan must have at least one associated
customer.

9. Double Rectangle represent_____

A. Derived attributes
B. Multi-valued Attributes

C. Total participation of an entity in a relationship set

D. Weak entity sets

D. Weak entity sets

10. Consider the entity relationship which consists of two entity sets, customer and loan,
related through a binary relationship set borrower. A directed line(->) from the relationship
set borrower to the entity set loan specified that borrower is either a_________ or _______
relationship.
A. One to one, many to one
B. many to many, one to many

C. Many to many, one to one

D. One to One, Many to Many

A. One to one, many to one

11. Consider the entity relationship which consists of two entity sets, customer and loan,
related through a binary relationship set borrower. An undirected line (--) from the
relationship set borrower to the entity set loan specifies that borrower is either a __________
or __________relationship set from customer to loan.
A. One to one, many to one
B. many to many, one to many

C. Many to many, one to one

D. One to One, Many to Many

B. many to many, one to many

12. An Edge between a entity set and a binary relationship set can have an associated
minimum and maximum cardinality, shown in the form of l and h, where l is the minimum and
h is the maximum cardinality. What a minimum Cardinality value of 1 indicates?
A. Partial Participation of the entity set in the relationship
B. Total Participation of the entity set in the relationship

C. The entity participates in at most one relationship

D. No limit on participation

B. Total Participation of the entity set in the relationship

13. An Edge between a entity set and a binary relationship set can have an associated
minimum and maximum cardinality, shown in the form of l and h, where l is the minimum and
h is the maximum cardinality. What a Maximum Cardinality value of 1 indicates?
A. Partial Participation of the entity set in the relationship
B. Total Participation of the entity set in the relationship

C. The entity participates in at most one relationship

D. No limit on participation

C. The entity participates in at most one relationship

14. An Edge between a entity set and a binary relationship set can have an associated
minimum and maximum cardinality, shown in the form of l and h, where l is the minimum and
h is the maximum cardinality. What a Maximum Cardinality value of * indicates?
A. Partial Participation of the entity set in the relationship
B. Total Participation of the entity set in the relationship

C. The entity participates in at most one relationship

D. No limit on participation
D. No limit on participation

15. An entity set may not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key; such an entity set
is termed as______
A. Strong Entity set
B. Weak Entity set

C. Composite Entity set

D. Owner entity set

B. Weak Entity set

For example consider the entity set payment, which has the three attributes; payment –number, payment-date, and payment-
amount. Payment-numbers are typically sequence numbers, starting from 1.generated separately for each loan. Thus although
each payment entity is distinct, payment for different loan may share the same payment numbers. Thus this entity set does not
have a primary key; it is weak entity set.

16. An entity set that has attributes to form a primary key; such an entity set is termed
as______
A. Strong Entity set
B. Weak Entity set

C. Composite Entity set

D. Owner entity set

A. Strong Entity set

17. For a weak entity set to be meaningful, it must be associated with another entity set
called the ___________
A. Strong entity set
B. stronger entity set

C. Owner entity set

D. All of the above

C. Owner entity set

1. Which of the following gives a logical structure of the database graphically?
a) Entity-relationship diagram
b) Entity diagram
c) Database diagram
d) Architectural representation
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: E-R diagrams are simple and clear—qualities that may well account in large part for the widespread use of the
E-R model.

2. The entity relationship set is represented in E-R diagram as

a) Double diamonds
b) Undivided rectangles
c) Dashed lines
d) Diamond
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Dashed lines link attributes of a relationship set to the relationship set.

3. The Rectangles divided into two parts represents

a) Entity set
b) Relationship set
c) Attributes of a relationship set
d) Primary key
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The first part of the rectangle, contains the name of the entity set. The second part contains the names of all
the attributes of the entity set.

4. Consider a directed line(->) from the relationship set advisor to both entity sets instructor and student. This indicates
_________ cardinality
a) One to many
b) One to one
c) Many to many
d) Many to one
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: This indicates that an instructor may advise at most one student, and a student may have at most one advisor.

5. We indicate roles in E-R diagrams by labeling the lines that connect ___________ to __________
a) Diamond , diamond
b) Rectangle, diamond
c) Rectangle, rectangle
d) Diamond, rectangle
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Diamond represents a relationship set and rectangle represents a entity set.

6. An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is termed a __________
a) Strong entity set
b) Variant set
c) Weak entity set
d) Variable set
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: An entity set that has a primary key is termed a strong entity set.

7. For a weak entity set to be meaningful, it must be associated with another entity set, called the
a) Identifying set
b) Owner set
c) Neighbour set
d) Strong entity set
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Every weak entity must be associated with an identifying entity; that is, the weak entity set is said to be
existence dependent on the identifying entity set. The identifying entity set is said to own the weak entity set that it
identifies. It is also called as owner entity set.

8. Weak entity set is represented as

a) Underline
b) Double line
c) Double diamond
d) Double rectangle
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Weak entity set is represented as a double rectangle in entity relationship diagram.
9. If you were collecting and storing information about your music collection, an album would be considered a(n) _____
a) Relation
b) Entity
c) Instance
d) Attribute
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: An entity set is a logical container for instances of an entity type and instances of any type derived from that
entity type.

10. What term is used to refer to a specific record in your music database; for instance; information stored about a specific
album?
a) Relation
b) Instance
c) Table
d) Column
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The environment of database is said to be an instance. A database instance or an ‘instance’ is made up of the
background processes needed by the database.

1.Consider the following ER diagram depicting the relationship of an employee and supervisor:

What is the possible relation if the above ERD is mapped into a relational model?

(a) Employee (EmpID, BirthDate, Salary, Name(FirstName, MiddleName, LastName)}

(b) Supervision (EmpID, BirthDate, Salary, Name(FirstName, MiddleName, LastName), EmpID)
(c) Supervisor (SupervisorID, BirthDate, Salary, Name(FirstName, MiddleName, LastName),EmpID), {EmpID})
(d) Employee (EmpID, BirthDate, Salary, Name(FirstName, MiddleName, LastName), SupervisorID)

Answer:
Option (d)

2. The methodology for documenting databases illustrating the relationship between various entities in the database is

(a) Data flow diagram

(b) State transition diagram
(c) Entity-relationship diagram
(d) Entity sequence diagram

Answer:
Option (c)
3. An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is a

(a) Strong entity set

(b) Weak entity set
(c) Simple entity set
(d) Primary entity set

Answer:
Option (b)
4. In an E-R diagram attributes are represented by

(a) Rectangle
(b) Square
(c) Ellipse
(d) Triangle

Answer:
Option (c)
5. In an E-R diagram an entity set is represent by a

(a) Rectangle
(b) Ellipse
(c) Diamond box
(d) Circle

Answer:
Option (a)
6. E-R model uses which symbol to represent weak entity set ?

(a) Dotted rectangle

(b) Diamond
(c) Doubly outlined rectangle
(d) Doubly outlined diamond

Answer:
Option (c)
7. Which of the following are the properties of entities?

(a) Groups
(b) Table
(c) Attributes
(d) Switchboards

Answer:
Option (c)
8. In E-R Diagram derived attribute are represented by _________

(a) Ellipse
(b) Dashed ellipse
(c) Rectangle
(d) Triangle

Answer:
Option (b)
9. In E-R Diagram relationship type is represented by ______________

(a) Ellipse
(b) Dashed ellipse
(c) Rectangle
(d) Diamond

Answer:
Option (d)
10. In E-R diagram generalization is represented by

(a) Ellipse
(b) Dashed ellipse
(c) Rectangle
(d) Triangle

Answer:
Option (d)
11. An entity type whose existence depends on another entity type is called a _____ entity

(a) Strong
(b) Weak
(c) Codependent
(d) Variant

Answer:
Option (b)
12. A property or characteristic of an entity type that is of interest to the organization is called an _________

(a) Attribute
(b) Coexisting entity
(c) Relationship
(d) Cross-function

Answer:
Option (a)
13. Attribute which can be devided in to the subparts are called ___________

(a) simple
(b) composite
(c) multivalued
(d) derived

Answer:
 Option (b)
14. Attributes having more than one values are called ___________

(a) simple
(b) composite
(c) multivalued
(d) derived

Answer:
Option (c)
15. Attributes whose values are derived from other attributes are called _______

(a) simple
(b) composite
(c) multivalued
(d) derived

Answer:
Option (d)
16. Graphical representation of attributes and their relationship is called _______

(a) Flow Chart

(b) ER Diagram
(c) State Diagram
(d) Data Flow Diagram

Answer:
Option (b)
17. _______ represent the no of entities of another entity set which are connected to an entity using a relationship set.

(a) mapping cardinality

(b) cardinality constraint
(c) Relationship
(d) Connection

Answer:
Option (a)
18. There are _______ types of mapping cardinality

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
 Answer:
Option (d)
19. ________ is an entity from which another entity can be derived.

(a) super class

(b) sub class
(c) first class
(d) last class

Answer:
Option (a)
20. ________ is an entity which can be derived another entity.

(a) super class

(b) sub class
(c) first class
(d) last class

Answer:
Option (b)
21. Specilization proceed in which manner?

(a) top down

(b) bottom up
(c) Middle
(d) Central

Answer:
Option (a)
22. Generalization proceed in which manner?

(a) top down

(b) bottom up
(c) Middle
(d) Central

Answer:
Option (b)
23. Generalization is inverse of the _________

(a) sub class

(b) weak entity set
(c) Specialization
(d) super class
 Answer:
Option (c)
24. The same entity set participates in a relationship set more than once then it is called __________

(a) Recursive relationship set

(b) Descriptive attributes
(c) Partial relationship set
(d) Relational relationship set

Answer:
Option (a)
25. A recursive relationship is a relationship between an entity and _______

(a) Itself
(b) subtype entity
(c) supertype entity
(d) instant entity

Answer:
Option (a)
26. Properties that describe the characteristic of an entities are called _____________

(a) Entities
(b) Attributes
(c) Indentifier
(d) Relationship

Answer:
Option (b)
27. Entities of same type are grouped into _________

(a) database
(b) Entityset
(c) Attributes
(d) ERD

Answer:
Option (b)
28. An entity is a _____________

(a) animal, place or subject

(b) animal, place or location
(c) person, place or object
(d) animal, place or object
 Answer:
Option (c)
29. Which of the following is not an entity?

(a) Student
(b) Professor
(c) Car
(d) Name

Answer:
Option (d)
30. Which of the following is not an attributes of Student entity.

(a) Name
(b) Address
(c) Age
(d) Salary

Answer:
Option (d)
31. Relationship between 2 entities is called relationship.

(a) Unary
(b) Binary
(c) Ternary
(d) Quatary

Answer:
Option (b)
32. Relationship between 3 entities is called _________relationship.

(a) Unary
(b) Binary
(c) Ternary
(d) Quatarnary

Answer:
Option (c)
33. Which of the following atrribute is Composite Attribute?

(a) Name
(b) Mobile Number
(c) Salary
(d) City
 Answer:
Option (a)
34. Which of the following is an Multi-valued attribute?

(a) Rollno
(b) Age
(c) Phoneno
(d) Birthdate

Answer:
Option (c)
35. Which of the following is an Derived attribute?

(a) Age
(b) Birthdate
(c) Salary
(d) Phoneno

Answer:
Option (a)
36. Attributes of the relationship is called __________ attribute.

(a) Double
(b) Single
(c) Named
(d) Descriptive

Answer:
Option (d)
37. The same entity participates in a relationship set more than once then it is called _________

(a) multi relationship set

(b) recursive relationship set
(c) self relationship set
(d) many relationship set

Answer:
Option (b)
38. Below given is an example of which mapping cardinality?

A customer is connected with only one loan using the relationship borrower and a loan is connected

with only one customer using borrower.

(a) One to One

(b) One to Many
 (c) Many to One
(d) Many to Many

Answer:
Option (a)
39. Below given is an example of which mapping cardinality?

A loan is connected with only one customer using borrower and a customer is connected with more than one loans using borrower.

(a) One to One

(b) One to Many
(c) Many to Many
(d) Multi to Multi

Answer:
Option (b)
40. Below given is an example of which mapping cardinality?

A customer is connected with more than one loan using borrower and a loan is connected with more than

one customer using borrower.

(a) One to One

(b) One to Many
(c) Many to One
(d) Many to Many

Answer:
Option (d)

1. ____ Data refers to describing the data description, representing data semantics, and describing the
consistency constraints that apply to the data.

A. Adding
B. Modifying

C. Modeling

D. Refining

Answer: C) Modeling

Explanation:

Modeling data refers to describing the data description, representing data semantics, and describing the
consistency constraints that apply to the data.

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2. How many types of data models are there?

A. 1
B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Answer: D) 4

Explanation:

There are four types of data models.

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3. Which of the following is not the type of the data model?

A. Relational Data Model

B. Semi-structured data Model

C. Entity-Relationship Model

D. Process-based Data Model

Answer: D) Process-based Data Model

Explanation:

Process-based Data Model does not come under the type of data models.

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4. What is statement explains the Relational Data Model?

A. Within a table, rows and columns are used to arrange the data.
B. As data, objects, and relationships among them are represented logically in this model.

C. Functions, encapsulation, and object identity are also considered in addition to the ER model.

D. These data models facilitate data specifications where different attributes are defined for the same
data items of the same type.

Answer: A) Within a table, rows and columns are used to arrange the data
Explanation:

Within a table, rows and columns are used to arrange the data in the Relational Data Model.

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5. What is TRUE about Relational Data Model?

A. Tables are used in relational models to represent data and the relationships between them.
B. Edgar F. Codd presented this model in 1969.

C. Most commercial data processing applications use the relational data model.

D. All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation:

The following statements are TRUE about Relational Data Model –

i. Tables are used in relational models to represent data and the relationships between them.
ii. Edgar F. Codd presented this model in 1969.

iii. Most commercial data processing applications use the relational data model.

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6. As data objects and relationships among them are represented logically in an ______.

A. Relational Data Model

B. ER Model

C. Object-based Model

D. Semi-structured Data Model

Answer: B) ER Model

Explanation:

As data objects and relationships among them are represented logically in an ER model.

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7. In an ER Model, what are objects also known as?

 A. Entity
B. Relationship

C. Bond

D. Joint

Answer: D) Joint

Explanation:

In an ER Model, objects are also known as Entities.

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8. _____ are collections of similar types of entities.

A. Relationship Set
B. Entity Set

C. ER Set

D. None of the above

Answer: B) Entity Set

Explanation:

'Entity sets' are collections of similar types of entities.

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9. Which type of data model is an extension of ER Model?

A. Relational Data Model

B. Object-based Data Model

C. Structured Data Model

D. Semi-structured Data Model

Answer: B) Object-based Data Model

Explanation:

Object-based Data Model is an extension of ER Model.

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10. What does object refer to in an Object-based data model?

A. Data carrying its properties

B. Objects carrying its properties

C. Relations carrying its properties

D. Models carrying its properties

Answer: A) Data carrying its properties

Explanation:

Objects in an Object-based data model refer to the data-carrying properties.

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11. Data specifications can be specified when the same-type data items have different attributes, as
in a ____ model.

A. Relational Data Model

B. Object-based Data Model

C. ER Model

D. Semi-structured Data Model

Answer: D) Semi-structured Data Model

Explanation:

Data specifications can be specified when the same-type data items have different attributes, as in a semi-
structured model.

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12. In many cases, semi-structured data is represented using _____.

A. Extensible Markup Language

B. Extension Markup Language

C. Extra Markup Language

D. Extract Markup Language

Answer: A) Extensible Markup Language

Explanation:

In many cases, semi-structured data is represented using Extensible Markup Language, or XML.

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13. Instance and Schemas are part of the –

A. Data Definition
B. Data Manipulation

C. Data Models

D. Data Redundancy

Answer: C) Data Models

Explanation:

Instance and Schemas are part of the Data Models.

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14. A/An __________ of a database is the data in it at a specific moment in time.

A. Schema
B. Instance

C. Instant

D. Scheme

Answer: B) Instance

Explanation:

An instance of a database is the data in it at a specific moment in time.

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15. The ________ of a database describes its overall structure.

A. Schema
B. Instance

C. Design
 D. Structure

Answer: A) Schema

Explanation:

The schema of a database describes its overall structure.

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16. Data schemas represent the skeleton structure of a database. They represent the ___ of the
database as a whole.

A. Analytical View
B. Logical View

C. Semantic View

D. Practical View

Answer: B) Logical View

Explanation:

Data schemas represent the skeleton structure of a database. They represent the logical view of the
database as a whole.

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17. What type of schema objects are there in schema?

A. Primary Key
B. Foreign Key

C. Views

D. All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation:

The types of schema objects present in the schema are primary key, foreign key, views, columns, data types,
table & stored procedure, etc.

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18. What is the process of database creation known as?

A. Data Creation
B. Data Processing

C. Data Modelling

D. Data Defining

Answer: C) Data Modelling

Explanation:

Data Modelling is the term given to the process of database creation.

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19. Which aspect of schema can be displayed in schema diagram?

A. Record Type
B. Data Type

C. Constraints

D. All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation:

The aspects of schema that can be displayed in the schema diagram are record type, data type, and
constraints.

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20. ____ are designed by database designers to facilitate communications between the database and
the software.

A. Database Instances
B. Database Schemas

C. Database Roles

D. Database Structure

Answer: B) Database Schemas

Explanation:
Database schemas are designed by database designers to facilitate communications between the database
and the software.

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21. _____ diagrams can be used to represent database schemas.

A. Visual
B. Logical

C. Analytical

D. Structural

Answer: A) Visual

Explanation:

Visual diagrams can be used to represent database schemas.

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22. Objects and relationships between _____ are shown through the visual diagrams.

A. Tables
B. Rows

C. Columns

D. Databases

Answer: D) Databases

Explanation:

Objects and relationships between databases are shown through the visual diagrams.