COMPUTER PARTS
AND
FUNCTIONS
Prepared By: Mark Rull C. Estorco
Learning Outcomes
cite the basic parts and functions of computer system
unit;
define the function of some parts of a computer system
unit;
Identify the different parts of a computer system;
identify the difference between software and hardware;
and
list the major components of hardware.
Motivation
Computers are everywhere and
everyone is using it for their day to day
transaction. But have you ever
imagined that without hardware and
software your computer will not work?
So, what is really meant by a software
and hardware? What are the parts and
function of a computer system unit?
Hardware
The hardware components are a physical
part computer that enables the system to
properly function. Anything that you can
see and touch is called hardware.
5 Major Components of
Hardware
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5 Major Components of
Hardware
CPU
GPU
HDD
RAM
Motherboard
5 Major Components of
Hardware
RAM Or random-access memory is one of the
storages of data and information in the
computer but it only stores when the computer is
on. RAM is to store documents while it is still
processed but only stored for a short time. Its
storage capacity can be a factor how fast the
RAM computer works since it is used the application
when it is running. It is attached on the
motherboard via motherboard RAM slots.
5 Major Components of
Hardware
GPU or Graphics Processing Unit
Is a single-chip processor primarily used to manage
and improve video and graphics performance.
5 Major Components of
Hardware
CPU
Processor is also called “brain” of a computer. It executes
all of the calculations and instructions that are processed
and organized in the flow of information through a
computer. Processor is also called CPU (Central
Processing Unit) or Microprocessor. Processor is also
sometimes called a computer chip, but some users use
the term referring to lesser processors called BIOS. A
processor is also another factor affecting the speed of the
computer since it helps a lot in the processing of the
information.
5 Major Components of
Hardware
HDD or Hard Disk Drive
A computer hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-volatile data
storage device. Non-volatile refers to storage devices that
maintain stored data when turned off.
5 Major Components of
Hardware
Motherboard
Is the main circuit board inside a computer that connects
the different parts of a computer together. It has sockets
for the CPU, RAM and expansion cards and it also hooks
up to hard drives, disc drives and front panel ports with
cables and wires.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
Power Supply
It is a hardware device that converts AC electricity
into DC electricity and then distributes it to the rest of
the computer.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
connector
Is a computer bus interface used to connect host bus
adapters with mass storage devices like optical drives
and hard drives.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
CMOS (Complementary metal oxide
semiconductor)
A CMOS battery is a small, coin-shaped battery that helps
to keep the date and time accurate on your computer.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
Heat sink and fan
It often used in modern computer systems to keep the
processor cool. Without it, the processor could easily
overheat and become damaged.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
UPS ( Uninterruptible Power Supply)
Is a device that allows a computer to keep running for at
least a short time when incoming power is interrupted.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
AVR ( Automatic Voltage Regulator)
Is an electronic device that maintains a constant voltage
level to electrical equipment on the same load. The AVR
regulates voltage variations to deliver constant, reliable
power supply.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
AVR ( Automatic Voltage Regulator)
Is an electronic device that maintains a constant voltage
level to electrical equipment on the same load. The AVR
regulates voltage variations to deliver constant, reliable
power supply.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
Power cord
Is an electrical cable that temporarily connects an
appliance to the mains electricity supply via a wall socket
or extension cord. The terms are generally used for cables
using a power plug to connect to a single-phase
alternating current power source at the local line
voltage—(generally 100 to 240 volts, depending on the
location).
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
VGA cable (Video Graphic Atrray
Is used to connect your computer to your computer
monitor. It transfers the picture signal from the computer
to the monitor so it can be displayed.
Other Parts of Computer
Hardware
HDMI cable (High Definition
Multimedia Interface)
It is the most commonly used HD signal for the transferring
of both high-definition audio and video through a single
cable, from one device to another.
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BASIC COMPUTER PARTS AND FUNCTIONS
Speaker Printer
Monitor System Unit
Microphone
Flash
Memory
CD/DVD Camera/
Keyboard Mouse
discs Webcam
Speaker
Speakers are one of the
most common output
devices used with
computer systems. Some
speakers are designed to
work specifically with
computers, while others
can be hooked up to any
type of sound system.
Regardless of their design,
the purpose of speakers is
to produce audio output
that can be heard by the
listener.
Home
Monitor
The term "monitor" is often
used synonymously with
"computer screen" or
"display." The monitor
displays the computer's
user interface and open
programs, allowing the
user to interact with the
computer, typically using
the keyboard and mouse.
Home
System Unit
The system unit, also
known as a "tower" or
"chassis," is the main part
of a desktop computer. It
includes the motherboard,
CPU, RAM, and other
components. The system
unit also includes the case
that houses the internal
components of the
computer.
Home
Printer
A printer is an output
device that prints paper
documents. This includes
text documents, images,
or a combination of both.
The two most common
types of printers are inkjet
and laser printers
Home
Microphone
A microphone is a device
that captures audio by
converting sound waves
into an electrical signal.
This signal can be
amplified as an analog
signal or may be
converted to a digital
signal, which can be
processed by a computer
or other digital audio
device.
Home
Keyboard
As the name implies, a
keyboard is basically a
board of keys. Along with
the mouse, the keyboard is
one of the primary input
devices used with a
computer. The keyboard's
design comes from the
original typewriter
keyboards, which
arranged letters and
numbers in a way that
prevented the type-bars
from getting jammed
when typing quickly.
Home
CD/DVD Discs
Compact Disc or CDs are
circular discs that are 4.75
in (12 cm) in diameter
used for storing data. CDs
can hold up to 700 MB of
data or 80 minutes of
audio. The data on a CD is
stored as small notches on
the disc and is read by a
laser from an optical drive.
The drives translate the
notches (which represent
1's and 0's) into usable
data.
Home
Mouse
The mouse is one of the
primary input devices used
with today's computers.
The name comes from the
small shape of the mouse,
which you can move
quickly back and forth on
the mouse pad, and the
cord, which represents the
mouse's tail.
Home
Camera/Webcam
The term webcam is a
combination of "Web" and
"video camera.".
Webcams typically come
with software that allows
the user to record video or
stream the video on the
Web.
Home
Flash Discs
A data storage device
that includes flash memory
with an integrated USB
interface. USB flash drives
are typically removable
and rewritable, and
physically much smaller
than an optical disc.
Home
Computer Software
It is instructions that tell a computer what to do
(Britannica)
According to Linda Rosencrance, computer software is a
set of instructions, data or programs used to operate
computers and execute specific tasks
Four Types of Computer Software
(1) System Software or Operating Systems are
the software programs that are needed for a
computer to operate. The OS is the basic starter
of information in order to connect the computer
hardware and software for it to function.
Nowadays, all common operating systems (OS)
are also graphical user interfaces (GUIs) which
means they use graphics to support the user to
easily open programs and input information.
Windows is the most common operating system
(OS) from Microsoft. Today the most common
windows OS that computer uses are the windows
7 and 10 but windows XP and Vista are still used
for some users.
Four Types of Computer Software
(2) Application Software commonly described
as “apps” are what you engage with most or
type of software that used to execute a
standard office computer task. A very clear
example is the Word processing or commonly
known as Microsoft word for Microsoft user,
spreadsheet (Microsoft Excel), presentation
(PowerPoint Presentation), and database
software.
Four Types of Computer Software
(3) Programming Software is the type of software
that is not used by end-users. It is not for you
unless, of course, you are a programmer who
writes code. Programming software refers to
programs that are used to write, develop, test,
and debug other software, including apps and
system software. For someone who works at a
bespoke software development company, this
type of software would make their life easier
and efficient
Four Types of Computer Software
(4) Driver software is often classified as one of
the types of system software. They operate and
control devices and peripherals plugged into a
computer. Drivers are important because they
enable the devices to perform their designated
tasks. They do this by translating commands of
an Operating System for the Hardware or
devices, assigning duties. Therefore, each
device connected with your computer requires
at least one device driver to function.
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
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ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
Hardware
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
?
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware and
provide the name of each computer part/s.
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ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
Hardware
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
?
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
Software
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
?
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
Hardware
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
?
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
Hardware
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
?
ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Identify whether the following is a software or a hardware.
Motherboard
END OF MY PRESENTATION
