THESIS REPORT

Housing For Pilgrims In Ayodhya

Submitted by Guided By

Aditya Kumar Prof. Dr. P.S.N

Singh Rao

SPA/NS/HSG/675 Department of Housing

Master of Planning (Housing) SPA Delhi

January 2023 – June 2023

Department of Housing
School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi
An “Institution of National Importance” Under an Act of Parliament
(Ministry of HRD, Government of India)
 CERTIFICATE

DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING

School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi

An “Institution of National Importance” Under the Act of Parliament (Ministry of HRD, Govt. of
India)

This is to certify that this thesis report titled ‘Housing For Pilgrims In Ayodhya’
has been submitted by Mr. Aditya Kumar Singh (SPA/NS/HSG/675) in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Post-Graduate Degree ‘Master of
Planning with Specialization in Housing to the School of Planning and Architecture,
New Delhi.

RECOMMENDED BY ACCEPTED BY

______________________ ________________________

Prof. Dr. P.S.N Rao Associate Prof. Dr. Ruchita

Gupta
Thesis Guide
Department of Housing Head of Department
School of Planning & Architecture, Department of Housing
New Delhi - 110092 School of Planning & Architecture, New
Delhi - 110092
 DECLARATION
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
An “Institution of National Importance” Under the Act of Parliament (Ministry of HRD, Govt. of
India)

I, Aditya Kumar Singh (SPA/NS/HSG/675), hereby declare that this thesis titled
‘Housing For Pilgrims In Ayodhya’ submitted by me, in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for award of degree Master of Planning with specialization in
Housing, by the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, is a record of my
own work. The matter embodied in this thesis is original and has not been copied,
either in part or in full or submitted to any other institution for the award of any
degree or diploma. Wherever data, in full or in part, has been borrowed for this
thesis, the Author/s of the same has been duly acknowledged.
I, Aditya Kumar Singh, take full responsibility for the material embodied in this
report and hereby undertake to indemnify the Faculty of Department of Housing,
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, in case of copyright or any other
disputes that may rise at any time whatsoever.
Place: New Delhi

Date:

______________________

Aditya Kumar Singh

SPA/NS/HSG/675
School of Planning & Architecture,
New Delhi - 110092
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my great pleasure to be submitting the thesis report on ‘Housing For
Pilgrims In Ayodhya’. I owe infinitely to my guide Prof. Dr. P.S.N Rao, for
her guidance, support, inspiration, and trust in my capabilities throughout my
research and working period. She continuously encouraged me nurture ideas
and shaped my thesis into a success even at times when I faced severe
challenges and stagnation.
I would also like to thank Associate Prof. Dr. Ruchita Gupta (HOD, Housing),
Prof. Vinod Sakle, Asst. Prof. Harshita Deo, Asst. Prof. Dr. Rashi Gupta and
Ms. Chitra Jain, for supervising and providing me with a great deal of insights
during the reviews. I am grateful to all the remaining visiting faculties that
have assisted me in gaining knowledge and broaden my perspective in
different themes and areas of planning and development that has ultimately
led me to undertake this thesis research. I am also thankful to my seniors,
Shailesh sharma and Sakshi Saxena for their help in gathering key
information.
I take this opportunity to thank all the professionals and academicians whom
I consulted for my thesis. I am highly obliged to Mr. Suresh Kumar, UPAVP;
Mr Khurkifor sparing time from their busy schedule to assist me in my
research.
A special thanks goes to my Friend, Ridhi Saxena for her constant, undivided
support and kindness during my thesis research. And, I am grateful to my
Parents for always believing in me and inspiring me to perform my best in life.
Finally, I would like to appreciate all my fellow batchmates who have been
very helpful while learning alongside me in the past two years. So much of
what I have learnt is because of them.

Place: New Delhi

Date:
______________________
Aditya Kumar Singh
SPA/NS/HSG/675
School of Planning & Architecture,
New Delhi - 110092
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The thesis on housing for pilgrims in Ayodhya addresses the need for improved
accommodation facilities in the city. Ayodhya holds immense religious significance
as the birthplace of Lord Rama, attracting millions of pilgrims each year. However,
the existing housing options often fall short of meeting the diverse needs of the
pilgrims, leading to discomfort and inconvenience during their stay.

The thesis explores the current state of accommodation facilities in Ayodhya and
identifies the challenges faced by pilgrims and local authorities. It also examines
case studies and best practices from other pilgrimage destinations to derive
recommendations for enhancing housing options in Ayodhya.

The key findings and recommendations include the importance of providing diverse
accommodation choices, ensuring accessibility and inclusivity, involving the local
community, promoting sustainability, integrating technology, and prioritizing safety
and security measures.

By implementing these recommendations, Ayodhya can significantly improve the

housing facilities for pilgrims, offering them a more enriching and fulfilling spiritual
journey. It will contribute to the overall pilgrim experience, ensuring comfort,
accessibility, and satisfaction during their stay in Ayodhya.

The thesis emphasizes the need for collaboration among local authorities,
policymakers, and stakeholders to implement these recommendations and
continually monitor and evaluate the housing facilities. By prioritizing the needs of
pilgrims and ensuring their comfort and convenience, Ayodhya can strengthen its
position as a leading pilgrimage destination, providing a spiritually fulfilling
experience for devotees from around the world.
 HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 2

1.1. Objective .................................................................................................. 3

1.2. Scope ...................................................................................................... 3

1.3. Methodology ............................................................................................ 3

1.4. Limitations................................................................................................ 5

1.5. Need Of Study ......................................................................................... 5

2. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 7

2.1. Definition Of Pilgrimage And Pilgrims ...................................................... 7

2.2. Characteristics of pilgrimage in India: ...................................................... 7

2.2.1. Concept of Pilgrimage ....................................................................... 8

2.2.2. Review .............................................................................................. 9

2.3. List of important Dharamshalas ............................................................... 9

2.4. List of important Ashram .......................................................................... 9

2.5. Options for stay...................................................................................... 10

2.5.1. Dharamshalas ................................................................................. 10

2.5.2. Ashrams .......................................................................................... 10

2.5.3. Pilgrim Tents/Camps ....................................................................... 10

2.5.4. Homestays ...................................................................................... 11

2.5.5. Hotels .............................................................................................. 11

2.5.6. Guesthouses ................................................................................... 11

3. CITY PROFILE ............................................................................................ 13

3.1.1. Religious Significance ..................................................................... 13

3.1.2. Tourism and Pilgrimage .................................................................. 13

3.1.3. Infrastructure ................................................................................... 13

3.1.4. Culture and Festivals....................................................................... 14

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3.1.5. Local Economy ................................................................................ 14

3.2. Places To Visit ....................................................................................... 15

3.3. Master Plan Of Ayodhya 2031 ............................................................... 18

3.4. Impact Of Pilgrimage On Housing In Ayodhya....................................... 19

3.4.1. Ram Mandir Complex...................................................................... 19

3.4.2. Tourism Infrastructure Development ............................................... 19

3.4.3. Connectivity and Transportation ...................................................... 19

3.4.4. Riverfront Development................................................................... 19

3.4.5. Beautification and Urban Renewal .................................................. 19

3.4.6. Preservation of Heritage.................................................................. 19

4. CASE STUDIES .......................................................................................... 25

4.1. Case Study Selection Criteria ................................................................ 25

4.2. Case Study – 1 Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust .......................................... 27

4.3. Case Study – 2 Birla Dharamshala ........................................................ 30

4.4. Case Study – 3 Murari Das Ashram (Temple) ....................................... 32

4.5. Case Study – 4 Vishwa Shanti Ashram ................................................. 34

4.6. Case Study – 5 Maharashtra Dharamshala ........................................... 36

4.7. Case Study – 6 Ayodhya Omkarnath Ashram (Temple) ........................ 38

4.8. Case study comparison ......................................................................... 40

4.9. Conclusion ............................................................................................. 41

5. ISSUES AND POTENTIAL .......................................................................... 44

5.1.1. Case study level issues and potential ............................................. 44

5.1.2. City level issues and potential ......................................................... 47

6. RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................... 51

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List of Tables

Table 3-1 Decadal Population Growth ................................................................ 18

Table 3-2 Evolution of tourists in Ayodhya .......................................................... 20
Table 4-1 Case study selection criteria ............................................................... 25
Table 4-2 Connectivity to Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust ........................................ 27
Table 4-3 Social Infrastructure Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust ............................... 28

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List of Maps

Map 1-1 Map Of Ayodhya ..................................................................................... 2

Map 3-1 Ayodhya Master plan 2031 ................................................................... 18
Map 4-1 Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust .................................................................. 27
Map 4-2 Birla Dharamshala ................................................................................ 30
Map 4-3 Murari Das Ashram (Temple)................................................................ 32
Map 4-4 Vishwa Shanti Ashram .......................................................................... 34
Map 4-5 Maharashtra Dharamshala ................................................................... 36
Map 4-6 Ayodhya Omkarnath Ashram (Temple) ................................................ 38

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List of Figures

Figure 1-1 Deep Mahotsav Image......................................................................... 5

Figure 2-1 Sex ratio of Pilgrims ............................................................................. 8
Figure 2-2 Registered Trust .................................................................................. 8
Figure 2-3 Registered Dharamshala ..................................................................... 8
Figure 2-4 Stay optionns ....................................................................................... 8
Figure 2-5 Age of Pilgrims .................................................................................... 9
Figure 2-6 Types of Pilgrims ................................................................................. 9
Figure 2-7 Duration of stay ................................................................................. 10
Figure 2-8 Options for stay in the city ................................................................. 10
Figure 3-1 Disputes in the Ayodhya over the years ............................................ 15
Figure 3-2 Places To Visit ................................................................................... 15
Figure 3-3 Places To Visit In Ayodhya ................................................................ 16
Figure 3-4 Hanumangarhi ................................................................................... 16
Figure 3-5 Ramkot .............................................................................................. 16
Figure 3-6 Kanak Bhawan .................................................................................. 16
Figure 3-7 Shri Nageshwarnath Temple ............................................................. 17
Figure 3-8 Ram kki paidi ..................................................................................... 17
Figure 3-9 Treta-ke-Thakur ................................................................................. 17
Figure 3-10 Saryu River ...................................................................................... 17
Figure 3-11 Suraj Kund ....................................................................................... 17
Figure 3-12 Gupta Ghat ...................................................................................... 18
Figure 3-13 Parikrama Marg In Ayodhya ............................................................ 20
Figure 3-14 Different newspaper Clips about Ayodhya ....................................... 21
Figure 4-1 Case Study Location ......................................................................... 25
Figure 4-2 Plan of Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust ................................................... 29

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 INTRODUCTION | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

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1. INTRODUCTION
Ayodhya is a city situated on the banks of holy river Saryu in the Indian state of
Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of the Faizabad district as well
as the Faizabad division of Uttar Pradesh, India. Ayodhya city is administered by
the Ayodhya Municipal Corporation, the governing civic body of the city.

The legendary city of Ayodhya, popularly identified as the present-day Ayodhya, is

the birthplace of the Hindu deity Rama of Kosala Kingdom and setting of the great
epic Ramayana. Owing to the belief as the birthplace of Rama, Ayodhya
(Awadhpuri) has been regarded as first one of the seven most important pilgrimage
sites (Mokshdayini Sapt Puris) for Hindus. It is believed that a temple stood at the
supposed birth spot of Rama.

Map 1-1 Map Of Ayodhya

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1.1. Objective
• To Study and analyse the existing provisions of various kinds of Pilgrims
accommodation in Ayodhya.

• To analyse the impact of emerging Tourist and pilgrims accommodation on the

city’s Environment, Socio-cultural, religious and economic profile and the existing
housing market of the town.

• To analyse the overall impact, all these kind of Pilgrims accommodations including
home stay has on the overall city.

• To identify problems and potentials.

1.2. Scope
• The study deals with the seasonal festivals and melas.

• The study will be done through primary as well as secondary data collection.

• City level based on secondary data

• Case study level based on primary survey, which includes limited sample survey.

• Case studies of Hotels, Homestays, Dharamshalas and Ashrams will be limited to

an extend of getting an overview of the same.

1.3. Methodology
• Firstly understanding the concept of religious tourism and various characteristics
of pilgrimage in india along with a brief overview of various Pilgrims
accommodation options available in ayodhya.

• The research is to study and analysis during the fifteen days period site visits and
data collection from various sources is made as per the requirements established
by the research questions and objectives of the study.

• Various sources of data include: interviews of identified resource persons, ayodhya

development authority, tourism department officials from ayodhya along with
various tourists, caretakers/managers of various dharamshalas, ashrams, guest
houses and homestays owners.

• Telephonic interviews were conducted in case of homestays owners are

unavailable.

• After study analysis, the next stage involves selection of cases studies related to
each accommodation options. These case studies are selected keeping in view all
aspects of selection.

• Detailed case studies are undertaken to get a detailed view of each and every
aspect related to the accommodation type.

• In the next stage, results and inferences of case studies have been forwarded to
establish the problems, issues and potentials. Based on these problems, issues
and potentials possible recommendations were given.

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 INTRODUCTION | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

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 INTRODUCTION | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

1.4. Limitations
• The study is limited to whatever latest figures are available.
• In case sufficient data is not available through a secondary survey, then field
visits are undertaken to derive conclusions which are based on case studies
and limited sample surveys conducted.

1.5. Need Of Study

• These towns face the problems of housing for the pilgrims whose needs,
although seasonal, are not fully met during the stay, therefore an attempt is
made to study the various accommodations options available for pilgrims in
the town.
• During the month of november, pilgrims live here in tented accommodation
for almost a month which are vulnerable to various kinds of disasters,
therefore important to study.
• The concept of home stay in the city or a weekend home is increasingly
becoming predominant in india.
• These homestays are built on the outskirt of the city or in the area of the
town that are comparatively peaceful and close to nature.
• Ayodhya are the major pilgrim towns of north india, lying in the Eastern part
of Uttar Pradesh and are easily accessible from states like Haryana, Bihar
and delhi therefore people today are opting these towns as their weekend
gateways.
• Such increased human traffic and increased scale of development impacts
on existing religious town in many positive as well as negative ways, this
research tries to focus towards analysing the impact of this emerging Hotels,
Dharamshala's, homestays on these historic, religious and pilgrim towns.
• This existing imbalance of accommodations shortage for pilgrims and Home
Stay lying vacant within a city need to be explored and studied.

Figure 1-1 Deep Mahotsav Image

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 INTRODUCTION | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

CHAPTER 2
INTRODUCTION

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 INTRODUCTION | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

2. INTRODUCTION
Ayodhya, a city steeped in history and revered as the birthplace of Lord Rama,
holds immense religious significance for millions of people around the world.
Located in the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India, Ayodhya is a place of
pilgrimage and spiritual journey for devotees of Hinduism and followers of other
religions. Over the years, the city has witnessed an influx of pilgrims seeking
solace, enlightenment, and participation in religious ceremonies.

As the importance of Ayodhya as a religious destination continues to grow, it

becomes crucial to ensure that pilgrims have access to comfortable and accessible
housing facilities. However, the existing accommodation infrastructure often falls
short of meeting the diverse needs of the pilgrims, leading to discomfort and
inconvenience during their stay. Recognizing this challenge, there is a pressing
need to explore and propose solutions that will enhance the housing facilities for
pilgrims in Ayodhya.

2.1. Definition Of Pilgrimage And Pilgrims

• Pilgrimage as a journey to a holy place or shrine, either in the pilgrim's native
land or abroad. A pilgrimage may be undertaken because such a journey is
considered meritorious. The idea of the acquisition of divine favor, either directly or
through a sin, is generally associated with such a journey. The journey to the
sacred spot is always associated with some religious motives or which are in
one way or another, religious ideas and beliefs.

• It is clear that two significant features which do recur in pilgrimages are:

1. sacred places and

2. the act of travelling or journeying itself.

• "Pilgrimages are sacred journeys extraordinary pilgrimages as practised in

India and else where is guided by the highly diversified motives of the pilgrims. A
person who makes such a journey is called a "Pilgrims".

2.2. Characteristics of pilgrimage in India:

• India is land of pilgrimage. Travel for religious purposes has been there from the
most ancient times.

• In our country all major temples, shrines and sacred spots are found scattered all
along major riverbanks or in the hills. The confluence of holy rivers called 'Sangam'
attracts millions of pilgrims every year when pilgrims assemble there to take holy
dip in these rivers. For example on the day of "Sankranti".

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 INTRODUCTION | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

• Another dimension added to it is that an effort to unify the country Adi shankar
acharya established four peeth (centers) in the four corners of the country. They
are Badrinath in the North, Kanchipuram in South, Dwarka puri in West and
Jagannath Puri in East. To add to this Sringeri mutt in Karnataka state is also
claimed to be the sacred peeth.

• This is primarily because in religious life of

an average Indian, even rivers have played Sex ratio of Pilgrims
a decisive role. The rivers from time
immemorial have been the symbol of purity Male
to humans. Among these rivers the Ganga 37%
is believed to be the most sacred for all 63% Female
Hindus. Innumerable like Gaumukh, holy
shrines Gangotri, Devprayag, Rishikesh,
Hardwar, Garmukteshwar, and Gangasagar
have come up on her banks through ages.
These holy shrines attract millions of Figure 2-1 Sex ratio of Pilgrims
domestic pilgrims every year. On the other
hand, river Yamuna is considered tobe most meritorious to perform Gayatri Jap.

Registered Trust

Sri ram janam Ram ki paidi Guptar ghat Janaki ashram Sri janamki
bhoomi Trust Trust Trust Trust mahal trust

Figure 2-2 Registered Trust

Registered
Dharamshalas
and aashrams In
ayodhya

There are 4375

There are 2614 There are 7 33 guest
registered
registered There are 36 registered registered under
dharamshalas
ashrams under hotels in ayodhya homestays in different
under different
different trust ayodhya organisation
trust
Figure 2-3 Registered Dharamshala

2.2.1. Concept of Pilgrimage

• A place of religious importance Dharamsh
generally attracts both pilgrims & ala
59% Ashrams
tourists in almost all seasons, where
as a place of tourism oriented like site 30%
Homestay
seeing places attracts tourist in some 1%
season only. Places of religious 2 Hotel
8%
importance generate activities
around it and influence the spatial,
socio economics, and cultural
parameters in the zone of influence. Figure 2-4 Stay optionns

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 INTRODUCTION | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

• When the inflow of pilgrims is increasing every year that indicates vast provision
of basic amenities like lodging, boarding places, infrastructure like water
supply, drainage, waste disposal etc.

• Whenever these are provided in any urban centre then obviously the development
will take place simultaneously, and also it attracts more number of pilgrims.

2.2.2. Review
Age of Pilgrims
• The factor which supports the optimism
is that it is only within the last decade 4%
or so that the religious authorities in
Unde
India have begun to preach on the
r 15
spiritual virtues and to listen to these 44% 32% 15-30
religious gurus, people in large number
have started moving from one place to 30-45
another. Thus, in the coming days,
religious tourism, like other segments of 12%
travel is also likely to assume 8%
cyclical growth patterns. And so there
is need of shelter and facility are
Figure 2-5 Age of Pilgrims
increased yearly.

2.3. List of important Dharamshalas

1. Janaki mahal trust dharamshala Types Of Pilgrims

2. Sri ram athithi niwas

3. Maharashtra dharamshala 10%
41% Student
4. Sri avadh dharamshala 25% Hermit
5. Ayodhya dharamshala Visitors
Tourist
6. Hanumat bhawan dharamshala 24%
7. Mangrulal jamuna prasad sewa
samiti dharamshala
Figure 2-6 Types of Pilgrims
8. Sahu dharamshala
9. Ma Ishwar devi seva sadan 0.20% Options of stay
10. Digamber jain dharamashala 0.20% 0.10%
Dharamshala
11. Sanjul dharamshala
Ashram
12. Gujarati dharamshala
34.50% Tent
2.4. List of important Ashram
65% Homestay
1. Ayodhya omkarnath ashram
Rented
2. Shri bhakti ashram Accomodation

3. Vishwa shanti ashram

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4. Mahatma banadas ashram

Duration of Stay
5. Shri ram varan ashram
6% 4% 1 day
5%
6. Maharishi ashram
17% 1- 3 day
7. Vanprasth ashram ayodhya 9% 1 week
13% 21% 15 days
8. Paramhansh ashram
14% 11% 1 month
9. Jan seva Narayan ashram
3 month
10. Sri sadhguru kripa ashram
Figure 2-7 Duration of stay

2.5. Options for stay

When visiting Ayodhya, pilgrims and tourists have various options for
accommodation that cater to different preferences and budgets.

Figure 2-8 Options for stay in the city

2.5.1. Dharamshalas
Dharamshalas are traditional pilgrim rest houses that provide simple and
economical accommodation for devotees. These facilities are often managed by
religious organizations or trusts and offer dormitory-style rooms with shared
facilities.

2.5.2. Ashrams
Ayodhya has several ashrams that provide accommodation for pilgrims. Ashrams
are spiritual retreats where visitors can stay and immerse themselves in a spiritual
environment. They may offer basic rooms, vegetarian meals, and the opportunity
to participate in spiritual practices and discourses.

2.5.3. Pilgrim Tents/Camps

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During major religious festivals or events, temporary tented camps are set up to
accommodate the large influx of pilgrims. These camps provide basic facilities and
are a convenient option for those seeking temporary shelter during peak pilgrimage
seasons.

2.5.4. Homestays
Some local residents in Ayodhya offer homestay options where visitors can
experience the local culture and hospitality. These accommodations provide a
more personal and immersive experience, allowing guests to interact with the host
family and learn about local traditions.

2.5.5. Hotels
Ayodhya offers a range of hotels, from budget-friendly options to luxury
establishments. These hotels provide comfortable rooms, amenities, and services
such as room service, restaurants, and in-house facilities.

2.5.6. Guesthouses
Guesthouses are a popular choice for pilgrims seeking affordable and simple
accommodation. These establishments often offer basic rooms with essential
amenities and may have communal spaces for socializing

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CHAPTER 3
CITY PROFILE

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3. CITY PROFILE
Ayodhya is a city located in the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. It holds
immense religious significance for Hindus as it is considered the birthplace of Lord
Rama, a revered deity in Hindu mythology. The city is situated on the banks of the
Sarayu River and is surrounded by lush greenery and sacred sites.

• Total : 2522.0 Sq.Kms

• Rural : 2459.88 Sq.Kms
• Urban : 62.12 Sq.Kms
Population: Ayodhya has a population of approximately 76,000 residents (as of
2021). However, the population swells significantly during religious festivals and
pilgrim seasons when devotees from all over the country visit the city.

• Total : 24,70,996
• Male : 12,59,628
• Female : 12,11,368
3.1.1. Religious Significance
Ayodhya is considered one of the seven holiest cities in Hinduism. It is believed to
be the birthplace of Lord Rama, the seventh avatar of Lord Vishnu. The city also
holds significance for followers of other religions, including Buddhism, Jainism, and
Islam.

3.1.2. Tourism and Pilgrimage

Ayodhya attracts millions of pilgrims and tourists every year who come to visit the
various temples and religious sites. The most prominent among them is the Ram
Janmabhoomi, the site believed to be the birthplace of Lord Rama. Other
significant attractions include Hanuman Garhi, Kanak Bhawan, and the Ramkot
Fort. The city also offers serene ghats along the Sarayu River, where pilgrims
perform rituals and seek spiritual solace.

3.1.3. Infrastructure
Ayodhya has been undergoing infrastructure development to accommodate the
increasing number of pilgrims. The city has improved road connectivity, railway
links, and transportation facilities. Efforts are being made to enhance the

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accommodation infrastructure to provide comfortable and convenient options for

pilgrims and tourists.

3.1.4. Culture and Festivals

Ayodhya has a rich cultural heritage and is known for its traditional arts, music, and
dance forms. The city celebrates various festivals with great enthusiasm, including
Diwali (the festival of lights), Ram Navami (Lord Rama's birthday), and Chhath
Puja. These festivals attract a large number of devotees and visitors, adding
vibrancy to the city's cultural fabric.

3.1.5. Local Economy

Ayodhya's economy is primarily driven by religious tourism. The influx of pilgrims
and tourists supports a thriving market for handicrafts, religious artifacts, and
offerings. The city is also known for its local cuisine, including traditional sweets
and vegetarian delicacies.

Ayodhya faces several challenges related to infrastructure development, waste

management, and maintaining a balance between tourism growth and preserving
the city's heritage. However, the city also presents opportunities for economic
growth, sustainable tourism, and community development through strategic
planning, public-private partnerships, and cultural preservation efforts. Ayodhya
remains a significant spiritual destination and a symbol of religious harmony,
attracting pilgrims and tourists who seek a deeper connection with their faith and a
glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of India.

Altitude : 26.90 meters above sea level.

Sex Ratio : 763

Work Participation Rate : 31.44 %

Density : 460/km2 (1,200/sq mi)

Literacy Rate : 78.15%

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Figure 3-1 Disputes in the Ayodhya over the years

Figure 3-2 Places To Visit

3.2. Places To Visit

• Ramjanma Bhoomi
• Hanumangarhi
• Kanak Bhawan
• Nageshwarnath Temple
• Treta Ke Thakur
• Choti Chawni
• Sita Ki Rasoi
• Raja Mandir
• Ramkatha Park
• Mani Parbat

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• Dashrath Bhavan

Figure 3-3 Places To Visit In Ayodhya

Hanumangarhi

Constructed in the shape of a fort and accessed by a

flight of seventy - six steps, the 10th century ancient
temple nestles in the centre of the pilgrim town. It has
circular fortifications in each corner and is believed to be
the spot where Lord Hanuman resided in a cave and
protected the town.
Figure 3-4 Hanumangarhi
Ramkot

Situated on a high ground and replete with temples and

shrines, it is one of the major attractions in Ayodhya.

Kanak Bhawan Figure 3-5 Ramkot

Vrishbhanu Kuvari, Queen of Teekamgarh (Madhya

Pradesh) in 1891, constructed the exquisitely embellished
temple.

Figure 3-6 Kanak

Bhawan

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Shri Nageshwarnath Temple

The presiding deity of Ayodhya is Lord Nageshwarnathji. It

is believed that Lord Ram’s son, Kush, built the beautiful
temple dedicated to him.

Ram ki Paidi Figure 3-7 Shri Nageshwarnath Temple

A series of ghats set on the banks of river Saryu that serves

as a platform to devotees who come here to wash away
their sins. It also has lush green gardens surrounded by
temples. Figure 3-8 Ram kki paidi

Treta-ke-Thakur

Also famous as Kaleram - ka - Mandir, the beautiful temple

is believed to mark the spot where Lord Ram performed the
legendary AshwamedhYagna.
Figure 3-9 Treta-ke-Thakur

Saryu River

One of the most prominent waterways in Uttar Pradesh, the

river finds mention in ancient Hindu scriptures such as the
Ved and Ramayan. Figure 3-10 Saryu River

Suraj Kund

Located at Chaudah Koshi Parikrama Marg in Darshan

Nagar area, at a distance of 4 km from Ayodhya, Suraj
Kund is a big tank surrounded by ghats that presents an
Figure 3-11 Suraj Kund
exclusively beautiful sight to visitors.

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Guptar Ghat

Situated on the banks of river Saryu, this is the very spot

where Lord Rama performed Jal Samadhi. King Darshan
Singh constructed it in the early 19th century. Figure 3-12 Gupta Ghat

3.3. Master Plan Of Ayodhya 2031

Map 3-1 Ayodhya Master plan 2031

Table 3-1 Decadal Population Growth

Decadal Population Growth

Year Population Population Change

1961 83,177 -

1971 1,02,835 19,658

1981 1,32,373 29,538

1991 1,65,079 32,706

2001 1,94,122 29,043

2011 2,21,118 26,996

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3.4. Impact Of Pilgrimage On Housing In Ayodhya

The Government of Uttar Pradesh has undertaken various initiatives to transform
Ayodhya into a modern pilgrimage and tourist destination while preserving its
cultural and religious heritage. Some of the key development projects and
initiatives include:

3.4.1. Ram Mandir Complex

The construction of the grand Ram Mandir (Lord Rama's temple) has been one of
the most significant projects in Ayodhya. The temple complex is being designed to
accommodate large numbers of devotees and showcase the rich architectural
heritage of the region.

3.4.2. Tourism Infrastructure Development

The government has focused on developing tourism infrastructure to cater to the
growing number of pilgrims and tourists visiting Ayodhya. This includes the
construction of guesthouses, hotels, dharamshalas (pilgrim rest houses), and other
accommodation facilities.

3.4.3. Connectivity and Transportation

Efforts have been made to improve connectivity to Ayodhya. The city has
witnessed the expansion of road networks, construction of new bridges, and
development of transportation facilities to ensure easy accessibility for pilgrims and
visitors.

3.4.4. Riverfront Development

Ayodhya is located on the banks of the Sarayu River, and plans have been made
for the development of riverfront areas. This includes creating serene ghats for
pilgrims to perform rituals and enhancing the overall aesthetic appeal of the
riverfront.

3.4.5. Beautification and Urban Renewal

The city's infrastructure and public spaces have been undergoing beautification
and urban renewal initiatives. Parks, gardens, and public spaces have been
developed, creating pleasant areas for visitors and residents.

3.4.6. Preservation of Heritage

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Ayodhya's rich cultural and religious heritage is being preserved and promoted.
Efforts have been made to restore and maintain important heritage structures,
ensuring their long-term sustainability and conservation

Table 3-2 Evolution of tourists in Ayodhya

YEARLY PILGRIMS FLOW IN AYODHYA

YEAR DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL TOTAL

2015 1,54,32,558 19,077 1,54,51,635

2016 1,54,82,456 20,979 1,55,03,435

2017 1,75,49,633 23,926 1,75,73,559

2018 1,92,17,570 27,043 1,92,44,613

2019 2,01,22,436 26,956 2,01,49,392

Figure 3-13 Parikrama Marg In Ayodhya

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Figure 3-14 Different newspaper Clips about Ayodhya

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• U.P Govt allows foreign countries to construct guest houses for pilgrims
visiting ayodhya,12 acres of land have already been earmarked for the
purpose of building guest for visitors from foreign counties.
• Footfall of 1.2 crore in 2012, Footfall of 2.0 crore in 2019
• Sapta puri circuit (these initiatives abd developments will help revive the city
back to its lost glory) includes – Haridwar, Dwarka, kanchupiram, Ujjain,
Varanasi, Mathura, Ayodhya
• ADA has planned to revamp the nagri - World class tourist facilities, Five
star hotels, A revamped railway station to cater more than 1 lakh
visitors a day as well as the Ayodhya International airport connecting
it to all major cities.
• Ramayana Circuit – Ayodhya, Nandigram, Shringverpur, Chitrakoot,
Sitamarhi, Buxar, Darbhanga, Chitrakoot, Mahendragiri, Jagdalpur,
Nashik, Nagpur, Bhadrachalam., Hampi and Rameswaram.
• NHAI has undertaken to construct a 65km ring road around town from
Sugriva fort ram mandir which will see a 1,200 acre Vedic township with
ashrams, star category hotels, state bhawans and Foreign Country
Bhawans, much on the line of the diplomatic area in delhi.
• For accommodation perspective, there are plans for dharamshalas to be
constructed at the six entrances on the highway of ayodhya. These will be
able to cater to 30,000 pilgrims.
• State government acquire over 1,000 acre of land under section 28 of
land acquisition act.
• 1 lakh per day on auspicious occasions like Ram Navami, We are
expecting 15 lakh a day on special occasions once the ram temple is
completed.
• The greenfield township in majha barhata is coming up on a 12,000 acre
plot at an initial cost of Rs 10,000 crore.
• Over 54 percent of the required land for it has already been arranged.
• It will be a solar city and will have 80 state and international guest
houses, 30 five and three star hotels, 30 budget hotels to
accommodate the tourist expected to visit.
• There are 3 Parikrama to be followed in ayodhya i.e. 84 miles, 14 miles
and 5 miles.

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CHAPTER – 4
CASE STUDY

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4. CASE STUDIES
4.1. Case Study Selection Criteria

Figure 4-1 Case Study Location

Table 4-1 Case study selection criteria

Criteria for selection About

Janaki Mahal Location: Janaki Mahal establist by Late Sri

Ashram Trust Near Tourist places Mohan Lalji, run by Trust, beautifull
Typology: Ashram Mandir of Janki Mata & Lord Ram.
Facilities: Many social activities, food for poor
• Accommodation area people, charitable medical facility
• Community Kitchen for poor people managed by Sri
• Hospital Vishwanath Murarka.
• Temple
Age of the structure: 70 years

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Birla Location: Birla Dharamshala, situated just

Dharamshala Near Tourist places 500 meters away from Ayodhya
Typology: Dharamshala Railway Station, Dharamshala has
Facilities: a total of 3 gates, in which one gate
• Accommodation area leads to the temple, the second gate
• Community Kitchen leads to the garden, and the third
Age of the structure: 170 years gate leads to Dharamshala.

Murari Das Location: -

Ashram (Temple) Near Tourist places
Typology: Ashram + Temple
Facilities:
• Accommodation area
• Temple
Age of the structure: 62 years

Vishwa Shanti Location: Spiritual places such as Ashrams in

Ashram Near Tourist places India are some of the best retreats
Typology: Ashram to help you reconnect with your
Facilities: inner self. This place provide
• Accommodation area meditation sessions,
Age of the structure: 110 years accommodation facilities, and
healthy food options, which help
you rejuvenate your body and mind.

Maharashtra Location: -
Dharamshala Far from tourist places
Typology: Dharamshala
Facilities:
• Accommodation area
Age of the structure: 51 years

Ayodhya Location: -
Omkarnath Near Tourist places
Ashram Typology: Ashram + Temple
Facilities:
• Accommodation area
• Temple
Age of the structure: 180 years

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4.2. Case Study – 1 Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust

Janaki Mahal ashram trust established by Late Sri Mohan Lalji, run by Trust,
beautifull Mandir of Janki Mata & Lord Ram. Many social activities, food for poor
people, charitable medical facility for poor people managed by Sri Vishwanath
Murarka.

JANAKI MAHAL ASHRAM TRUST

Map 4-1 Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust

Location - Karsewakpuram, Vasudev Gath, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh

Ayodhya, India, 224123

Table 4-2 Connectivity to Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust

CONNECTIVITY

Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport, Lucknow 154 km

Railway Station 1.2 km

Bus Station 0.8 km

Old City 1.2 km

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Table 4-3 Social Infrastructure Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust

Social Infrastructure

The Hanuman Garhi 1.3 km

Ram Mandir 2.3 km

Tulsi Smarak 1.0 km

Naya Ghat 1.4 km

Raja Mandir 1.2 km

Nageshwarnath Temple 1.5 km

Owner’s Profile

Established By Late Sri Mohan Lalji

Run By Trust

Type Ashram

Land use Residential

Typology Ashram with Temple

Area 1741 Sq Meter

Established Year 1953

No. of floors 3

Total Room 137

Leasable Room 132

a) Single room 42
b) Double room 83
c) Deluxe room 7

Total Occupancy 375

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Figure 4-2 Plan of Janaki Mahal Ashram Trust

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4.3. Case Study – 2 Birla Dharamshala

Map 4-2 Birla Dharamshala

Location - 24/2, 10, Ayodhya Rd, Sai Nagar, New Colony, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh
224123

About

Number of Rooms 75

Rooms with Toilet 25

Size of Room 10 X 10 Sq. ft

a) Single room 10 X 15 Sq. ft
b) Double Room 15 X 20 Sq. ft
c) Dormitory

Charges per Night No charges (Only donation)

Disabled Friendly Yes

Maintenance cost 5000rs per Month

Other Facilities 1 Common Dining

Occupancy per Room 1

a) Single room 3
b) Double Room 8
c) Dormitory

Sanctioning required Yes

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Tax Yes

Incentive from government Relaxation in tax (80 G)

License Authority Ayodhya development authority

Source of Earning Only Donation

Permanent Stay Allowed Yes

Max Stay Duration No Limit

Land use Residential

Typology Dharamshala

Area 2261 Sq Meter

Established Year 1847

No. of floors 1

Total Room 75

Leasable Room 71

a) Single room 7

b) Double room 29

c) Dormitory 35

Total Occupancy 374

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4.4. Case Study – 3 Murari Das Ashram (Temple)

Map 4-3 Murari Das Ashram (Temple)

Location - Q6W6+GP8, Tulsi baari main street, Karsewakpuram, Ayodhya, Uttar

Pradesh 224123.

About

Number of Rooms 107

Rooms with Toilet 15

Size of Room 10 X 12 Sq. ft

a) Double Room 15 X 22 Sq. ft

b) Dormitory

Charges per Night No charges (Only donation)

Disabled Friendly Yes

Maintenance cost 7500rs per Month

Other Facilities 1 temple

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Occupancy per Room 3

a) Double Room 6

b) Dormitory

Sanctioning required Yes

Tax Yes

Incentive from government Relaxation in tax (80 G)

License Authority Ayodhya development authority

Source of Earning Only Donation

Permanent Stay Allowed Yes

Max Stay Duration No Limit

Land use Residential

Typology Ashram with Temple

Area 1204 Sq Meter

Established Year 1961

No. of floors 3

Total Room 107

Leasable Room 104

a) Double room 44
b) Dormitory 60

Total Occupancy 492

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4.5. Case Study – 4 Vishwa Shanti Ashram

Map 4-4 Vishwa Shanti Ashram

Location - Q6W6+JJJ, Tulsi Badi Main Street, Ram Ghat, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh
224123

About

Number of Rooms 24

Rooms with Toilet 2

Size of Room 15 X 28 Sq. ft

Dormitory

Charges per Night No charges (Only donation)

Disabled Friendly Yes

Maintenance cost 2000rs per Month

Other Facilities 1 Common Room

Occupancy per Room 4

Dormitory

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Sanctioning required Yes

Tax Yes

Incentive from government Relaxation in tax (80 G)

License Authority Ayodhya development authority

Source of Earning Only Donation

Permanent Stay Allowed Yes

Max Stay Duration No Limit

Land use Residential

Typology Dharamshala

Area 342 Sq Meter

Established Year 1911

No. of floors 3

Total Room 24

Leasable Room 22

a) Dormitory 22

Total Occupancy 88

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4.6. Case Study – 5 Maharashtra Dharamshala

Map 4-5 Maharashtra Dharamshala

Location - Near ayodhya Railway Station road, Raiganj, Uttar Pradesh 224123

About

Number of Rooms 44

Rooms with Toilet 6

Size of Room 10 X 11 Sq. ft

a) Double Room 18 X 28 Sq. ft
b) Dormitory

Charges per Night No charges (Only donation)

Disabled Friendly Yes

Maintenance cost 4000rs per Month

Other Facilities 1 Gaushala

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Occupancy per Room 3

a) Double Room 8
b) Dormitory

Sanctioning required Yes

Tax Yes

Incentive from government Relaxation in tax (80 G)

License Authority Ayodhya development authority

Source of Earning Only Donation

Permanent Stay Allowed Yes

Max Stay Duration No Limit

Land use Residential

Typology Dharamshala

Area 542 Sq Meter

Established Year 1972

No. of floors 3

Total Room 44

Leasable Room 42

a) Double room 7
b) Dormitory 35

Total Occupancy 301

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4.7. Case Study – 6 Ayodhya Omkarnath Ashram (Temple)

Map 4-6 Ayodhya Omkarnath Ashram (Temple)

Loction - R635+MFQ, Rani Bazar Colony, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh 224123

About

Number of Rooms 98

Rooms with Toilet 11

Size of Room 10 X 10 Sq. ft

a) Double Room 15 X 20 Sq. ft
b) Dormitory

Charges per Night No charges (Only donation)

Disabled Friendly Yes

Maintenance cost 4000rs per Month

Other Facilities 1 Temple

Occupancy per Room 3

a) Double Room 6
b) Dormitory

Sanctioning required Yes

Tax Yes

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Incentive from government Relaxation in tax (80 G)

License Authority Ayodhya development authority

Source of Earning Only Donation

Permanent Stay Allowed Yes

Max Stay Duration No Limit

Land use Residential

Typology Ashram

Area 1247 Sq Meter

Established Year 1842

No. of floors 3

Total Room 98

Leasable Room 87

a) Double room 25
b) Dormitory 62

Total Occupancy 447

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4.8. Case study comparison

Case Study Case Case Study Case Case Case
1 Study 2 3 Study 4 Study 5 Study 6

Janaki mahal Birla Murari das Vishwa Maharashtr Ayodhya

ashram trust dharamsha ashram shanti a omkarnat
la (temple) ashram dharamsha h ashram
la (temple)

Location Karsewakpura 24/2, 10, Q6W6+GP8, Q6W6+JJ Near R635+MF

m, Vasudev Ayodhya Tulsi baari J, Tulsi ayodhya Q, Rani
Gath, Rd, Sai main street, Badi Main Railway Bazar
Ayodhya, Nagar, New Karsewakpur Street, Station Colony,
Colony, am Ram road, Ayodhya,
Ayodhya, Ghat, Raiganj,

Connectivity 1.3 1.2 1.8 2.5 3.4 1.9

(Ram ki Paidi)

Typology Ashram Dharamshal Ashram with Ashram Dharamshal Ashram

a temple a With
Temple

Land use Residential Residential Residential Residenti Residential Residentia

al l

Area 1741 sq.m 2261 sq.m 1204 sq.m 342 sq.m 542 sq.m 1247 sq.m

Establishment 1953 1847 1961 1911 1972 1842

year

No. of floors 3 1 3 3 3 3

Total room 137 75 107 24 44 98

Rooms on Rents 132 71 104 22 42 87

a) Single 42 7 44 22 7 25
room
83 29 60 35 62
b) Double
room 7 35

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c) Deluxe
room

d) Dormit
ory

Tariff : Free Free Free Free Free Free

Occupancy Rate 375 374 492 88 301 447

Inferences One of the One of the Temple is The Basic Many

best ashram oldest within the ashram is facilities pilgrims
for pilgrims in Dharamshal ashram devoted along with from all
ayodhya with a where complex and to pilgrims food is over the
better facilities, many people and provided states
good pilgrims are worship inside where come here
infrastructure staying here the temple. they can As this to stay
and proper from 16 They remain stay, eat Dharamshal during
managing staff years. All here and and live a is very old their
where free the facilities served the their life and pilgrimage
medical are well ashram and happily. maintenanc around the
consultation maintained temple for The e is not so India and
along with food with proper their whole life pilgrims good and no charge
is provided to infrastructur for the true also also lacks in is taken
pilgrims. e facilities devotion maintaine structure from them
and towards god. d the and other and all the
managing gaushala facilities as facilities
staff. inside the compared are
ashram. to other provided
facilties. to them.

4.9. Conclusion
Diverse Accommodation Options: Providing a range of accommodation options is
crucial to cater to the varied needs and preferences of pilgrims. Offering a mix of
budget-friendly options, guesthouses, dharamshalas, and higher-end hotels allows
pilgrims to choose accommodations that suit their budget and requirements.

Accessibility and Inclusivity: Ensuring accessibility for all individuals, including the
elderly, differently-abled, and those with special requirements, is essential.
Accommodation facilities should be designed with accessibility features such as
ramps, elevators, and appropriate signage to provide a comfortable and inclusive
experience for all pilgrims.

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Community Involvement: Engaging and involving local communities in the

development and management of pilgrim accommodations fosters a sense of
ownership and promotes a more authentic and culturally rich experience.
Collaborating with local stakeholders, religious organizations, and community
groups can help create a sense of belonging and enhance the overall pilgrimage
experience.

Sustainable Infrastructure Solutions: Incorporating sustainable practices in the

design and operation of pilgrim accommodations is vital. This includes using
renewable energy sources, implementing water conservation measures, adopting
waste management systems, and using eco-friendly construction materials to
minimize the environmental impact and promote sustainability.

Technology Integration: Leveraging technology, such as online booking platforms

and mobile applications, streamlines the reservation process and enhances the
overall efficiency and convenience for pilgrims. Online platforms can provide real-
time information, enable easy bookings, and facilitate better communication
between pilgrims and accommodation providers.

Safety and Security Measures: Implementing robust safety and security measures
within pilgrim accommodations is crucial to ensure the well-being of visitors. CCTV
surveillance, emergency response systems, and trained security personnel help
create a secure environment and instill confidence among pilgrims.

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CHAPTER – 5
ISSUES AND POTENTIAL

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 5.
Case Study 1 Case Study 2 Case Study Case Study 4 Case Study 5 Case Study 6
3

Aspect JANAKI BIRLA MURARI VISHWA MAHARASHTRA AYODHYA

MAHAL DHARAMSHALA DAS SHANTI DHARAMSHALA OMKARNATH
ASHRAM ASHRAM ASHRAM ASHRAM
TRUST (TEMPLE) (TEMPLE)

Infrastructure Issue No provisions There are no fire The room's The Dilapidated and old There is no
for fire safety. safety preventative ventilation is maintenance structure. connection of
as per 7.9.11 measures as per inadequate. of the Ventilation is not water supply
and 7.24.a 7.9.11 and 7.24.a a Since water electrical proper inside the from municipal
(mohua) (mohua) is only equipment is room. board hence
Water supply The electrical provided poor. No common spaces they are
is not sufficient equipment needs during four inadequate and open areas. dependent on
during the better maintenance. hours per handling of Washrooms are not ground water.
peak time as day, there is garbage well maintained. There is no rain
water is not enough disposal. water harvesting
supplied for water supply pits.
only 4 hours during the

School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi

during the day. peak time.
ISSUES AND POTENTIAL

Lack of
management
5.1.1. Case study level issues and potential

to dispose
garbage.
Electrical
fixtures are not
well
maintained.

Problem Diseases are caused by lack of awareness about garbage disposal

Lack of awareness causes electricity wastages which causes costly maintenance.

Potential There is potential for providing Water can be On campus Recycled water can Infrastructure
adequate infrastructure. recycled and waste be utilised in can be
Fire safety norms can be incorporated. reused. segregation washrooms. upgraded.
can be
implemented
ISSUES AND POTENTIAL | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

44
 Parking Issue No provision for parking

Problem ---- Limited space

Potential Vacant spaces can be used for parking ----

Health Issue The quality of water is not Inadequate water No filtered water is Due to the use The toilets are not Unmaintained open
adequate, hence it leads to leading towards provided for of the well maintained as spaces encourage
diseases. illness. drinking. outdated pit they are using the harmful diseases.
Open spaces are not toilet method, old pit toilet Absence of first aid
maintained hence it lead to washrooms technique. facilities.
harmful diseases are not
Absence of first aid adequately
facilities. maintained.
No medical room.

Problem Quality of ground water is depleting. Sanitation practices are unhygienic

Potential First aid facilities can be Water can be filtered and used for drinking. Temporary Toilets can Well utilisation of
provided toilets cane be undergo regular open spaces can

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installed. maintenance. be done

Safety and Issue Lack of security Lack of proper Registers are not In case of fire Registration Campus is not
Security surveillance Campus is security check. well maintained. there is no process is old and enclosed by walls
accessible to everyone. There is no fixed Lack of security evictions outdated. and fences.
hours for entry and during the odd plans.
exit. hours. No signages
are provided
inside the
campus

Problem • Since there is temple nobody is prohibited to enter.

• The intent of Dharamshala is not served.

Potential Proper surveillance can be Fixed schedule Registration Prover Websites and Surveillance can be
done cane be maintained method and eviction plan registration increased.
for entry and exit. websites can be and signages procedures can be
updated. can be updated.
installed
ISSUES AND POTENTIAL | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

45
 Structure Issue Infrastructure is Unhygienic toilets The condition is The structures Dilapidated The size of the
deteriorating due to Lack The infrastructure problematic are not structure. rooms and the
of modern technology does not meet the because the sufficient to Hazardous building are
needs of the people construction cater huge situation due to the insufficient to
today. materials are over population. old material serve the
50 plus years old. population.
Problem The structures are old and dilapidated
Lack of proper open and green spaces.
Potential ---- Proper use of
spaces can be
done.
Miscellaneous Issue •No financial aid from government
•Funds from NGO are not sufficient to maintain.
•Highly maintenance due to old structures.
•Lack of supervision from the managing authorities.

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•The stays are only operational in the peak season and rest of the year it remain unoccupied leading towards unused property.
•No provisions for physically disabled people.
Problem • Maintenance cost is high
• The property is vacant during the off season.
Potential Alternate source of earning can be introduced
• Maintenance cost can be minimised
• During off season vacant spaces can be rented out.
• Open spaces can be rented out for generating secondary income.
ISSUES AND POTENTIAL | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

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5.1.2. City level issues and potential

Problems Potentials

City level

• The city is highly undeveloped and lack

of basic facilities and pilgrimage/tourist
• Tourism is one sector that the city
places the spot like tulsi udhyan , kanak
administration can tap for generating
bhawan and Saryu river ghat are highy
economy. Because of the religious
undeveloped.
significance of the place, a large number
• There is no permanent ghat in city.
of tourists will always be visiting the city.
• All pilgrims activity held in the old area of
• Potential for river front development.
the city due to this Lot of congestion take
• The positive feature of Ayodhya is that
place
large parcels of vacant lands are
• The abnormally high density within the
available and currently the densities are
inner city has led to unhygienic living
low, except for the core of old city.
conditions and is a potential health
• NH-27 provides a direct link with
hazard.
Gorakhpur . The city lies on Delhi-Calcutta
• There is a big problem of transport and
rail route of Eastern Railways. Ayodhya
network. NH 330 crosses the city near
has an upcoming airport and it can be
ram ki paidi ghat. This leads to the
revived for public soon.
unwanted entry of heavy vehicles within
the city.

Transport

• NH 330 crosses the Ram ki Paidi ghats.

This leads to the unwanted entry of heavy
vehicles and pilgrims, within the city and
• There are Hierarchies of roads and it is
creates accident-prone area
very positive potential and can stop the
throughout the stretch.
unwanted traffic from the NH 330 and
• No transport facility within the ghat and
proper traffic flow can be maintained.
ram ki paidi area
• There is no proper signage at different
places indicating the routes.

Parking

• There are two huge parking areas but it

is very far from the residing place or Ghats
• There are many roads and private
area without parking layout.
vehicles are allowed to carry up till the
• Private vehicles can be carried up till the
Ghats and campus so public vehicles can
campus or near the bathing ghats due to
also be carried till the residing place or
this overcrowding & traffic congestion
ghat.
in ghat and ram ki paidi area. And there
is no parking space in ghats area.

Pilgrimage places and Pilgrims

• No permanent bathing Ghat along the • Potential for Riverfront development

banks of river Saryu. and Permanent ghat on the Saryu river.
• Pilgrims are left on the mercy of boatmen • There should be policy for the pilgrims
and pujaris. & owner of the campus, boatman etc.
• There's NO hotel anyway near the ram • There is lots of land available near ground
ki paidi and Saryu ghat, where you can and it needs proper planning so new
stay. authority will be allotted land and proper
• Any new organisation will not be allotted distribution of land will be done.
land and other amenities. • There has to be a policy for all the
• No proper distribution of land among the category of the pilgrims and sadhu’s .
sadhu’s and other organization. • Facilities can be provided according to
• Facilities like tent, land etc is not provided the economy of the pilgrims.
by government to the Pilgrims. Due to this • There can be arrangements for VIP tents.
organizations, sadhu's earn money from • Positive feature is that large no. of vacant
the Pilgrims and they charge extra money. land is available in ram ki paidi area.

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 ISSUES AND POTENTIAL | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

• There are no extra tents for the pilgrims

during peak time that is in bathing day
festivals.

Water Supply

• Adequate water for pilgrims only, it needs

• Distribution of water supply is bad. The to be maintain and distribute properly in all
quality of water is not good, sandy areas. Outdoor water must be treated
water is supplied. If need of extra before using because it has
connection then have to pay extra money. contaminated by disposal of waste water
directly into the river.

Sanitation

• For the sanitation facilities there are many • There has been proposal of sewerage
units in the campus but that are not treatment plant in Amani Bagh and seven
enough during the peak rush hour And other sewerage plant, so waste water
non usable. must be treated before disposal in river.
• All black water dumps in a temporary pit • There are temporary pits and it
during the festive season for 45 days. And decomposes by the help of chemicals.
decompose there by chemical but 65% • There is sewerage treatment plant in
waste water direct run off in river. amani bagh area adjacent to river. This
• 11 lavatory units provide in the ram ghat waste water must be treated further
and Saryu river area in different places. before it can be safely disposed off.
But that is not enough due to huge influx • Realignment and up gradation of existing
of pilgrims lead to open defecation. nallas.

Garbage Disposal

• The traditional method of garbage

disposal is being followed due to lack of • At present the waste is being dumped on
awareness in pilgrims as they throw the open land near the Saryu ghat area near
garbage on the Ground. Many acres of Saryu setu. A 10-acre land has been
ghat and river land were destroyed to identified in ramghat halt and 10-acre land
erosion as a result of solid waste has been identified in ayodhya bypass
management. chauraha for the dumping of solid waste.
• Contamination due improper There are large parcel of land in outer part
management of municipal solid waste of the city.
management and due to Unscientific and • There are many authorities to aware
illegal disposal of hazardous wastes in the pilgrims for anti polyethene drive.
environment.

Electricity

• Electricity supplied on only 6 am to 8 am • Proper electricity distribution system can

in morning and 8 pm to 10 pm in evening be maintained for the pilgrims during the
for pilgrims in tent. day and night.

Accommodation

• There is potential for redevelopment of

• The current housing structures are old
housing structures for upgrading the
and dilapidated, poorly maintained, lack
quality of life and improving the housing
basic facilities and are not habitable.
condition.

Health

• Contaminated water supply and • There are adequate no of hospital and first
adulterated food stuff. aid for the pilgrims.

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 ISSUES AND POTENTIAL | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

• As there are hundreds of vendors roaming • The Regional Research Centre (Unani)
in and around ghat area, and selling food under Central organized a special health
stuff (including unclean drinking water), camp-cum-exhibition.
there seems to be no check on food • There have been significant changes,
materials or stuff and source of water. even upstream. Motor boats were
• Untreated water from festive season & city stationed to transport the dead, and
nullahs flowing into Ganga. cremations were carried out to prevent
• There is still no electric crematorium in the pollution in the Ghat area.
city and cremation ghat at dashavar ghat
and ram ki paidi are the worst polluted
areas.

Safety and Security

• There are lots of security arrangements

• There are many security measures in
but still certain areas act as a crime spots
place for pilgrims, but they must be
and lead to various anti social activities
managed properly.
such as theft, robbery.
• Mock drill to check security arrangement
• Lack of security check and management,
for events.
unwanted people come in the events
• Proper layout planning need to be done
during peak time like ram Navami, Deep
for the events. No area left.
Mahotsav and Diwali.

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 ISSUES AND POTENTIAL | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

CHAPTER – 6
RECOMENDATIONS

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 RECOMMENDATIONS | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

6. RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the research
conducted in this thesis, the
recommendations are
proposed for enhancing
housing for pilgrims in
Ayodhya.

Policies to achieve development and social integration will be evolved

around six broad areas

➢ Action Points Pertaining to Hospitality of Pilgrims /Tourists (Swagat)

➢ Action Points Pertaining to Information Dissemination (Soochna)

➢ Action Points Pertaining to Facilitation (Suvidha)

➢ Action Points Pertaining to Safety and Security (Suraksha)

➢ Action Points Pertaining to Co-operation (Sahyog)

➢ Action Points Pertaining to Infrastructure Provisions (Smarachana)

ASPECT RECOMMENDATIONS OUTCOME

CURRENT SITUATION PROPOSAL

Policy aim for There is no norms and Eco-Friendly and clean

development, should standards for shelters Pilgrimage in Ayodhya with
Physical
be more specific. and facilities in the proper norms and
Planning
Ayodhya city. standards for shelter and
facilities

Policy for acquiring There is around 1650 Vacant 1650 hectares of

land, renting and hectares of vacant land land can be utilised for
Land leasing should be is available near Ram creating temporary
modified. Mandir and Sri Ram structures for pilgrims
Statue. accommodation.

Vacant housing stock Current Housing stock is Temporary Structures can

can be calculated for not sufficient to fulfil the be build on vacant land
accommodating the requirements of Pilgrims near Ram Mandir, outskirts
Accommodation pilgrims and old and current housing of city and farm land and
housing structures can condition is not upto redevelopment can be
be identified. the mark. done for old and
dilapidated structures.

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 RECOMMENDATIONS | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

Policy for the pilgrims & No arrangements for Sufficient number of tent will
owners of the campus. temporary shelters for be provided by maintaining
Temporary
the pilgrims as city lacks the quality of tent and
Structures
housing according to the economy of
accommodation. pilgrims.

Hierarchy of roads can Private vehicle's are Proposal of eco friendly

be used to maintain the allowed till the ghat Rickshaw in the city by
traffic coming inside the areas, making upgrading the road network
Transportation
city. unwanted traffic jam in and also controlling the
the city and condition of unwanted traffic.
road is also not good.

Proper parking spaces No Proper dedicated Two multilevel car

can be provided along parking space are there parkings are built in
Parking
the pilgrims sites. in the city. Amaniganj and Ayodhya
bypass.

RO can be installed in There is no scarcity of Treatment of water can be

each tube well and ground water but the done before drinking and
periodic checking of quality of water is bad. directly run off of waste
water quality. water can be stopped in the
river.

The vision is to create a Shortage of toilet units Clean toilets will be

healthy and hygienic and quality of toilet tent provided and improve the
environment by unit is also very bad. quality of toilet tents by
providing a sewerage providing public Eco-
network coverage that toilets and connecting
covers the entire area them to the sewerage
network.

The stress on the There is no proper pucca Box type drainage

environment can be nala’s and proper network will be developed
reduced by creating sewage system is not and the remaining stretch of
new sewage there in the city, so all the all the Nala’s will be made
treatment plant. waste get dumped in the pucca
river Saryu.
Infrastructure Development of solid At present the waste is A 10-acre land has been
waste management being dumped on open identified near Naya Ghat
organizational structure land in Naya Ghat area area for the dumping of
and better trained solid near Saryu river Setu, solid waste
waste management near Saryu Pollution
personnel Board areas and Naya
Ghat areas.

Construction of new The Electrical wires in Proposed works include

sub-stations at Naya the city are old. The both temporary as well as
Ghat and also laying capacity of the permanent. Permanent
new electricity cables substation is also works would include
while old cables would overloaded. augmenting capacity of
be strengthened sub-stations.

The city vying for an There is no proper Health and medical

eco-friendly and clean health and medical department will provide for
hygienic environment facilities being provided round-the-clock
to the pilgrims and there cleanliness and
is no check-up points for prevention of contagious
them as well. diseases.

Launching of There is no safety and Installation of mobile

campaigns through security for pilgrims in police vans and long
local bodies, non- the city as there is no range CCTV’s to patrol the
Safety &
governmental police booth and mobile areas that witness heavy
Security
organizations, and police vans in the city. pilgrim's footfall.
youth centers to create
awareness

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 RECOMMENDATIONS | HOUSING FOR PILGRIMS IN AYODHYA

Action plan will be there The direct runoff of the Pollution Control Unit of the
to create large scale water in the river Jal Nigam has proposed a
Environment awareness to involve should be stopped as it new STP near Ghat area
local people against is degrading the
environmental pollution environment.

Models like Public- There are no activities Public Private

private partnership going inside the city Partnerships to develop
Institutional: should be explored for through public-private and maintain these
Authorities developing the city. partnership and all the pilgrimage/tourist
load is on the authority destinations will be
only. explored.

Subsidies on the land All Financing is Provision of loans on

allotment for pilgrims’ through the State Liberalized terms and
shelter, so to government only and conditions to private bodies/
encourage the there is no other Trust to construct pilgrim's
Finance
interested parties/trusts financing authority. accommodation
to construct more
hotels and
Dharamshala's

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