THE UNIT

Circle
 Short Drills
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

𝜋
30°
6
 Short Drills
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

𝜋
45°
4
 Short Drills
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

𝜋
60°
3
 Short Drills
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

𝜋
90°
2
 Short Drills
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

180° 𝜋
 Short Drills
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

3𝜋
270°
2
 Short Drills
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

360° 2𝜋
 Fast Talk – Row 1
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

30° 90° 45°

60° 360° 180°

 Fast Talk – Row 2
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:

60° 45° 360°

270° 90° 180°

 Fast Talk – Row 3
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:
𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
6 2 3
𝜋 𝜋
2𝜋
4 2
 Fast Talk – Row 4 and 5
Convert the following angle measurements from degrees to
radians and vice versa:
𝜋 𝜋 3𝜋
4 2 2
𝜋 𝜋
𝜋
3 6
Definition of a Unit Circle
A unit circle is a circle
whose radius is one and
is centered at the origin.
What is the standard 𝑟=1
(0,0)
equation of a unit circle?

𝑥! + 𝑦! = 1
Definition of a Unit Circle

A unit circle contains

common angular
measurements
expressed in
degrees and radians.
Definition of a Unit Circle

The points of
intersection of the
terminal sides of the
angles are indicated
as well.
Activity 2.2
My Unit Circle
Rubrics:
Completeness – 5 points
Clarity – 5 points
Neatness – 5 points
Total – 15 points
Drawing and Labelling the Unit Circle
Steps 1 and 2 are already done for you.
Step 1. Draw the x-axis and y-axis.
Step 2. Draw a circle with its center at the origin.
Step 3. Label the degrees, then radians, then the
points of intersection by moving in a
counterclockwise direction.
3a.) 90° group
3b.) 45° group
3c.) 30° & 60° group
Drawing and Labelling the Unit Circle

45°

THE 45°
GROUP
Drawing and Labelling the Unit Circle

45°
(𝑎, 𝑏)

THE 45°
GROUP
Drawing and Labelling the Unit Circle

45°
(𝑎, 𝑏)

THE 45°
𝑎 GROUP
Drawing and Labelling the Unit Circle
Recall: 45°-45°-90° Triangles

The measures of the sides

45°
opposite the 45° are 𝒙 and 𝒙,
2 2
,
2 2 while the hypotenuse is 𝒙 𝟐.
1 45°
=
2
𝑥
=
𝑟 2
𝑥=
2
45°
THE 45°
2
𝑥=
2
GROUP
Drawing and Labelling the Unit Circle
Recall: 30°-60°-90° Triangles

The side opposite the 30° is 𝒙.

The side opposite the 60° is 𝒙 𝟑.
3 1 30°
The side opposite the 90° is 𝟐𝒙.
,
2 2

1 60°
𝑥 = 1
𝑟=2 𝑥=
2
30° THE 30°
3
𝑥 3=
2
GROUP
Drawing and Labelling the Unit Circle
Recall: 60°-30°-90° Triangles

60° The side opposite the 60° is 𝒙 𝟑.

1 3
,
2 2 The side opposite the 30° is 𝒙.
30° The side opposite the 90° is 𝟐𝒙.
1
=

3
2𝑥

𝑥 3=
𝑟=

2
60°
THE 60°
1
𝑥=
2 GROUP
Practice Exercises
Determine the points of intersection of the following angles:

90° (0,1)
Practice Exercises
Determine the points of intersection of the following angles:

270° (0, −1)

Practice Exercises
Determine the points of intersection of the following angles:

3 1
30° ,
2 2
Practice Exercises
Determine the points of intersection of the following angles:

3 1
330° 2
,−
2
Practice Exercises
Determine the points of intersection of the following angles:

2 2
45° ,
2 2
Practice Exercises
Determine the points of intersection of the following angles:

2 2
225° −
2
,−
2
Practice Exercises
Determine the points of intersection of the following angles:

360° 1,0
CIRCULAR
Functions
The 6 Circular Functions
Mnemonics and acronyms help learners of Pre-Calculus,
like you, remember and retain lessons better.
Circular functions, also known as
trigonometric functions, are the functions of
an angle.
The terms “circular” and ”trigonometric”
will be used interchangeably in this
discussion.
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
In the right triangle below, let 𝜃 be the given angle:

ℎ length of the hypotenuse

ℎ
𝑜 𝑜 length of the side opposite 𝜃

𝜃 𝑎 length of the side adjacent 𝜃

𝑎
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Then, we have the following definitions:

Sine Function sin 𝜃

ℎ
𝑜
𝑜
sin 𝜃 =
𝜃
ℎ
The sine function is equal to the
𝑎 opposite side divided by the
hypotenuse.
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Then, we have the following definitions:

Cosine Function cos 𝜃

ℎ
𝑜
𝑎
cos 𝜃 =
𝜃
ℎ
The cosine function is equal to
𝑎 the adjacent side divided by the
hypotenuse.
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Then, we have the following definitions:

Tangent Function tan 𝜃

ℎ
𝑜
𝑜
tan 𝜃 =
𝜃
𝑎
The tangent function is equal to
𝑎 the opposite side divided by the
adjacent side.
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Collectively, we use the mnemonic:

𝑜 𝑎 𝑜
sin 𝜃 = cos 𝜃 = tan 𝜃 =
ℎ ℎ 𝑎
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Then, we have the following definitions:

Cosecant Function csc 𝜃

ℎ
𝑜 ℎ
csc 𝜃 =
𝜃 𝑜
The sine function is equal to the
𝑎 hypotenuse divided by the the
opposite side.
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Then, we have the following definitions:

Secant Function sec 𝜃

ℎ
𝑜 ℎ
sec 𝜃 =
𝜃 𝑎
The secant function is equal to
𝑎 the hypotenuse divided by the
adjacent side.
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Then, we have the following definitions:

Cotangent Function co𝑡 𝜃

ℎ
𝑜
𝑎
cot 𝜃 =
𝜃
𝑜
The tangent function is equal to
𝑎 the adjacent side divided by the
opposite side .
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Collectively, we use the mnemonic:

ℎ ℎ 𝑎
csc 𝜃 = sec 𝜃 = cot 𝜃 =
𝑜 𝑎 𝑜
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
If we set the hypotenuse of the right triangle as the
radius of a circle, that is, ℎ = 𝑟, we get the figure below:
Hence, we can write the circular
𝑥, 𝑦 functions as:
𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
𝑟 sin 𝜃 = cos 𝜃 = tan 𝜃 =
𝑦 𝑟 𝑟 𝑥
𝑟 𝑟 𝑥
𝜃
csc 𝜃 = sec 𝜃 = cot 𝜃 =
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
For a unit circle, that is, 𝑟 = 1, we get the figure below:

Hence, we can write the circular

𝑥, 𝑦 functions as:
𝑦
1 sin 𝜃 = 𝑦 cos 𝜃 = 𝑥 tan 𝜃 =
𝑦 𝑥
1 1 𝑥
𝜃
csc 𝜃 = sec 𝜃 = cot 𝜃 =
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
The 6 Trigonometric Functions
Thus,
For athe coordinates
unit of the
circle, that is, 𝑟intersection
= 1, we getof the
theterminal side
figure below:
of 𝜃 with the unit circle is:
Hence, we can write the circular
𝑥, 𝑦 = (cos 𝜃 , sin 𝜃)
𝑥, 𝑦 functions as:
𝑦
1 sin 𝜃 = 𝑦 cos 𝜃 = 𝑥 tan 𝜃 =
𝑦 𝑥
1 1 𝑥
𝜃
csc 𝜃 = sec 𝜃 = cot 𝜃 =
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
Finding the 6 Circular Functions of Angles
Find the six circular functions of 𝜋 rad.

sin 𝜋 = 0 csc 𝜋 = und

cos 𝜋 = −1 sec 𝜋 = −1
tan 𝜋 = 0 cot 𝜋 = und
Finding the 6 Circular Functions of Angles
Find the six circular functions of 45°.
2
sin 45° = csc 45° = 2
2
2 sec 45° = 2
cos 45° =
2 cot 45° = 1
tan 45° = 1
Finding the 6 Circular Functions of Angles
Find the six circular functions of the figure below:

5
3

𝜃
4
Finding the 6 Circular Functions of Angles
Find the six circular functions of:
.
1.) rad
/

2.) 300°

3.) Given: 𝑥 = 5, y = 12, and r = 13