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BLM 6–10

Chapter 6 BLM Answers

BLM 6–3 Chapter 6 Prerequisite Skills Section 6.2
3 12 2 1 1 1 −3 7 1 y−3 −4
1. a) b) 3 c) or 2 d) e) f) 1. a) b) c) d) e)
2 5 5 4 14 3 7 5 3x 3x x+ y
1 49 85 18 1
2. a) = 1 b) c) d) 2. a) y ≠ 0 b) x ≠ −3 c) m ≠ 4 and m ≠ −
1 9 21 13 2
1 1 1 3 16 17 3
3. a) b) c) d) e) f) d) x ≠ −1 and x ≠ e) t ≠ ±5
10 8 9 4 9 33 2
5 9 12 x( y − 3) 1
4. a) b) 4 c) d) 3. a) b)
12 14 5 4x a+3
5. a) x2 + 3x − 10 b) c2 − d 2 ( x + 2)( x + 4) 3c − 9 f
c) d)
( x − 4)( x + 4) 12d
c) x2 − 6x + 9 d) 24j 2 − 6k2
6. a) 6n2 − 9n + 8 b) −f 2 + 4f − 29 4. a)
c) 4b2 + 5bd + 6b − 5d + d 2 d) 40x2 − 90x − 50
7. a) 60 b) 288 c) 100 d) 147
3
8. a) 6x2 b) 12xy c) x 2 d) rs3t
8
9. a) (3y + 4)(y − 2) b) (5a + 2)(a − 4) b)
c) (x − 3)(3x − 8) d) (y3 − 5)(2y + 1)
10. a) (x + 2)(x + 5) b) 2(r − 4s)(r − 3s)
c) (4x − 3)(x − 2) d) (2m − 3)(m + 3)
e) (3q + 2)(4q + 3) f ) (a + 3b)(a + 8b)
11. a) (b − 11)(b + 11) b) 4(t − 5)(t + 5)
c) 10xy(x − 3)(x + 3) d) 2x (3x + 2)(3x + 2)
c)
e) (x2 + 4)(x + 2)(x − 2) f ) (x − 3)(x − 3)(x + 3) (x + 3)
BLM 6–4 Chapter 6 Warm-Up
Section 6.1
9
1. a) 28 b) 25 c) −24 d) e) −1
4
2. a) 4 b) 4 − 3xy
−x + 2 x−2 5x x
c) −z(2x − y) or −2xz + yz d) or 5. a) , x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0 b) , x ≠ ±3
3 −3 2y x+3
5 2x + 1 1
3. a) 1 b) −1 c) greater than 1 c) x + 2, x ≠ d) , x≠ , x≠4
4
2 x−4 2
4. a) x = b) x = ±5
3 Section 6.3
32 −9 −6 x + 8 ( x − 1)( x − 2)
c) x = 3 or x = 1 d) x = 1. a) b) c)
9 12 −4 x ( x + 2)( x − 2)
5. a) 9( x 2 − 9) or (3 x − 9)(3 x + 9) ⎛ x ⎞⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ x ⎞⎛ 5 ⎞
d) Examples: ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ or ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ or ⎛⎜ − 1⎞⎛ ⎞ x 1
= 9( x − 3)( x + 3) = 3( x − 3)(3)( x + 3) ⎟⎜ x − ⎟ .
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠
1 3 ⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠
5 3 ⎝ x ⎠⎝ 3 ⎠
= 9( x − 3)( x + 3)
2. a)
b) x( x 2 − 4 x − 5) or (2 x + 2)( x − 5)
= 2( x − 5)( x + 1) = 2( x + 1)( x − 5)
6. a) 3x(x − 2y + y2) b) 2(x − y)2 c) (3x − 4)(3x + 4)
d) 3(x − 0.1)(x + 0.1) e) 5(2x + 1)(x − 3)

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 BLM 6–10
(continued)

b) x y +1
e) , x ≠ −1, 5 f ) , y ≠ 0, 3
x−5 y
3x − 1 1+ a
5. a) , x ≠ −4 b) , a ≠ ±1
x+4 4(1 − a )
2x + 1 4x −1
c) , x ≠ −2, 3 d) , x ≠ 2,
5( x − 3) x−2 3

−4t (t + 2) −3 5x2 −1 5
e) ,t ≠ , 2 f) , x≠ ,
3. a) 12 b) 18 c) 24 d) 120 3 + 2t 2 2x − 5 3 2
5 −1 x +1
4. a) , p ≠ 0, r ≠ 0 b) 2 , x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0 6. does not reduce. The non-permissible values
2p 4y 4x + 1
3( x − 3) a+5 −1 4
c) , x ≠ 0, x ≠ −3 d) , a ≠ −1, −4, 1, 7 are x ≠ , .
x a+4 4 3
5. a) −6t b) y3, x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0
BLM 6–6 Section 6.2 Extra Practice
−1 w
c) , x ≠ b, x ≠ −b d) , w ≠ 0, 1, 5
3( x − b) w −1 3y x2 y
1. a) , x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0 b) , x ≠ −y
x 2x 2( x + y )
e) , x ≠ 0, −1, −4, 4
x +1 x+2
c) , x ≠ 3 d) x, x ≠ −1, ± 6
4
Section 6.4 x−4 5
2. a) , x ≠ ±2 b) , y ≠ ±5, 1, −3
1. a) A = 5, B = 6 b) A = −1, B = 4 x+2 y+3
c) A = 4, B = 3y d) A = x − 1, B = x2 −5 5(3x + 1) 5 1
2. a) 10y b) (x − 2)(x + 2) c) x(x − 6)(x + 6) c) x, x ≠ ± 3, 2, d) , x ≠ ± , − 4,
2 4(3 x − 1) 2 3
7
3. a) x = b) x = ±2 a3 x +1 −5
12 3. a) , a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0 b) , x ≠ , −3
1 bc x+3 3
c) x = 5 and x = 1 d) x = and x = 3 3 2( x + 3)
2 c) , a ≠ 0, 4 d) , x ≠ 0, 3
1 4a 3x2
4. a) Let n be the number. Then, n + = 4.
n 4. x ≠ −5, −4, −1, 1, 3; The non-permissible values
b) Let x be the length. The width is (x − 3). for the original expression are −5, −4, and 3. The
So, x (x − 3) = 12 non-permissible values for the reciprocal of the
c) Let C be the cost of the drink, in cents. The cost second term are −1 and 1.
of the snack is C − 50. So, C + 2 (C − 50) = 500. 5. a) 4(a + 2), a ≠ 0, ±2, b ≠ 0
− x2 −4 x+7
BLM 6–5 Section 6.1 Extra Practice b) , x ≠ , 0, 1 c) , x ≠ −6, −1, 7
2( x − 1) 5 x +1
1. a) multiplication; (xy2) b) multiplication; (x + 5)
−1
c) division; (a) d) division; (x − 2) d) 1 − 3y, y ≠ ± 3,
3
2. a) x ≠ −3 b) x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0 c) x ≠ −4, 5 4x
−5 6. a) , x ≠ ±1, 0
d) x ≠ e) a ≠ 0, 3 f ) m ≠ −2, −3 5( x − 1)( x + 1)
3
( x + 2)( x − 12)
3 x+2 b) , x ≠ ±2, −12, 0, 3
3. a) , x ≠ ±5 b) , x ≠ 0, 7 12 x( x − 3)
x−5 5x
− x( x − 3) 1
x+3 3x 1 −1 c) , x ≠ ±3, 0, 1, −9 d) , x ≠ ±4, −1, 0
c) , x ≠ ±3 d) , x≠ , x −1 4
3( x − 3) 3x + 1 4 3
1
5( x + 1) −1 4 xy 7. a) The width is x − 1. b) x ≠ − , x ≠ 1
e) , x≠ , 5 f) , x ≠ −4, y ≠ 9 2
2(2 x + 1) 2 x+4
c) The non-permissible values are x ≤ 1 because a
3r 3 value of x of 1 would result in a length of zero, and
4. a) , r ≠ 0, s ≠ 0, t ≠ 0 b) , x ≠ ±2
5st x+2 any smaller value would result in a negative length.
c −1
c) , c ≠ −1, d ≠ 0 d) , c ≠ 7m
c +1 4

Copyright © 2011, McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited, ISBN: 978-0-07-073883-6

 BLM 6–10
(continued)

x2 + 6 x + 9 x−3 BLM 6–8 Section 6.4 Extra Practice

8. a) 2
b)
x − 3x x 3 9 1
1. a) 2 b) , a ≠ 0 c) , x ≠ 0 d) , −2
c) Example: Both the product and quotient share two 2 2 6
non-permissible values: x ≠ 0 and 3. This is because 3
e) , −2, x ≠ 0 f ) −6, x ≠ 0
both have the same original expressions. To 4
determine the quotient you must multiply the −3 3
2. a) x = , x ≠ −3 b) x = − , x ≠ 0, 1
reciprocal of the divisor, so neither the numerator nor 4 5
denominator of the divisor can equal zero. Therefore, 9
c) x = , 1, x ≠ 0, 3 d) x ≠ ± 2, x = 0
the quotient has a third non-permissible value: −3. 2
−3
3. a) x = −2, x ≠ b) x = − 5, x ≠ 3, 5
5
BLM 6–7 Section 6.3 Extra Practice −4 1
c) x = , x ≠ 2, −4, d) x = − , 2, x ≠ 0, −1
1. a) 20xy b) (x + 4)(3x + 1) c) (x + 6)(x − 6) 7 2
5x − 4 3x2 + x + 1 4. a) x = −1, x ≠ ±3 b) x = 7, x ≠ −1, 2
2. a) , x ≠ 0 b) , x ≠ −5
3x x+5 2 3
c) x = −1, x ≠ −2, 3 d) x = 4, , x≠− ,2
4 3 2
c) , x ≠ ±2
x−2 −3
5. a) x = ±1.27, x ≠ b) x = −0.71, 4.21, x ≠ 0
2
3a 2 + 15a + 28
3. a) , a≠0 3 −2
21a 2 c) no solution, x ≠ 0, ,
2 3
xy − 4 y − 15 x 2 − 5 x d) x = −20.44, 0.44, x ≠ ±5
b) , x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0
5 xy 2 6. a) No. 1 is a non-permissible value in the second
56 x + 35 + 20 y − 7 x 2 term, so x ≠ 1.
c) , x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0
35 xy 2 −3
b) x =
5 x + 11 7
4. a) , x ≠ −7, 5 7. 3 and 9 or −6 and 18
( x − 5)( x + 7)
8. 60 km/h and 90 km/h
2 xy + 9 x
b) , y ≠ 0, −3
7 y ( y + 3)
BLM 6–9 Chapter 6 Test
4 x2 − 2 x − 1
c) , x≠±1 1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D
( x + 1)( x − 1)
( x − 3) 2 x 2 − 3x + 3
2 x 2 + 13x − 6 8. x ≠ 3 , − 3; 9. 10. 8
d) , x ≠ −2, −6, 5 2 (2 x − 3) ( x − 6)( x − 3)
( x + 2)( x − 5)( x + 6)
x −1
−3 3 y (3 y − 1) 11. Example: does not belong because it is not
5. a) , a ≠ ±3 b) , y ≠ ± 2, −3 x+3
a−3 ( y − 2)( y + 2)( y + 3)
a rational expression.
2( x − 8) 2
c) , x ≠ ±2 d) , x ≠ 1, 4, 7 ( x − 5)( x − 6)
( x − 2)( x + 2) 2
( x − 4)( x − 1) 12. a) x ≠ −5, −4, 0, 6 b)
x( x + 5)
5 ( x + 3) 2 15 + x 15 + x
6. a) , x ≠ −1, 6 b) , x ≠ ±1, 7 13. a) 15 + x b) c) = 1.25; 60 buckets
3( x − 6) ( x − 1)( x + 1) x x
x 2 + 5 x − 22 14. No. Example: Restrictions on a variable in an
c) , x ≠ −3, − 2,5 expression come from the denominator of the
( x + 3)( x + 2)( x − 5)
x 2 + 19 x − 6
factored form before any of the common factors in
d) , x ≠ −5,3 the numerator and denominator are simplified.
( x − 3)( x + 5)
15. Example: Mary cannot cancel 3y from the
x +1 x
7. a) , x ≠ 0, 1 b) , x ≠ 3, 4 denominator and from one term in the numerator.
x −1 3( x − 4) However, she can divide each term by 3y, which
−1 5y −1
c) , h ≠ 0, −4 results in , or 5y − 1.
(4 + h)(4) 1

Copyright © 2011, McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited, ISBN: 978-0-07-073883-6

 BLM 6–10
(continued)

16. 2; Example: I first found the LCD on each side of 17. a) x ≠ −1, −2, −3
the equation and then performed the required 1
b) − , −2
operations: addition on the left side and subtraction 2
on the right. I then used multiplication to eliminate c) −2 is not a solution because it is a non-permissible
the denominator on each side of the equation. Finally, 1
I isolated the variable, and solved. value. d) − .
2

Copyright © 2011, McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited, ISBN: 978-0-07-073883-6